the mass of a calibrated flask is 25.0 g when empty, 75.0 g when filled with water, and 88.0 g when filled with glycerin. find the specific gravity of glycerin.

Answer:

(A) chlorine is an oxidizing agent in this reaction so it oxidize iodine and it itself is reduced

Explanation:

Cl2 oxi no. = 0 became Cl- oxi no. = -1

so it is reduced

I- oxi no. = -1 became I2 oxi no. = 0

so it oxidized

Answer: Observing

Explanation: Information gathered in an experiment is called data, and its represents observations derived from the methods of the experiment on its sample elements.  Hope this helped! :)

The Information gathered from observations and experimentation is called empirical evidence. Empirical evidence is a significant part of scientific research and helps to further results and discussions.

Scientific research is a well designed and organised steps to conducts a scientific experiment for solving a problem under study. The research  methodologies include logical, economic and creative ways to reveal the solution for a problem.

Information obtained through testing or observation is known as empirical evidence. These data are logged and examined by scientists. The procedure, which is a key component of the scientific method, results in the confirmation or rejection of a hypothesis and, as a result, improves our knowledge of the universe.

A hypothesis can be tested and accurately evaluated using different types of data collection, such as experiments that aim to produce a quantifiable or observable reaction, trials that replicate experiments to test their effectiveness  or other methods of data collection.

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The compounds ranked in order of increasing acidity, from least acidic to most acidic,the correct ranking is:

II (FCH2COOH)  < IV (BrCH2COOH) < I (CH3COOH) III (CICH2COOH)

II < IV < I < III

The compounds in order of increasing acidity, from least acidic to most acidic, are as follows:

II (FCH2COOH) < IV (BrCH2COOH) < I (CH3COOH) < III (CICH2COOH)

In compound II, the presence of a fluorine atom (F) reduces the acidity compared to the other compounds. In compound IV, the bromine atom (Br) is slightly more electron-withdrawing than hydrogen (H), making it slightly more acidic than compound II.

Compound I, acetic acid (CH3COOH), is a stronger acid due to the presence of the carboxyl group (-COOH). Compound III, chloroacetic acid (CICH2COOH), is the most acidic as the electronegative chlorine atom (Cl) increases the acidity further compared to the other compounds. Therefore, the correct ranking of increasing acidity is II < IV < I < III.

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The ranking of the compounds in increasing acidity is CH3COOH < ClCH2COOH < BrCH2COOH < FCH2COOH. This order is dictated by the electronegativity of the atoms bonded to the acidic hydrogen. The more electronegative the atom, the more acidic the compound.

To rank the given compounds in order of increasing acidity, we primarily evaluate the atoms bonded to the acidic hydrogen. This is due to the fact that acidity is determined by how well a compound can donate a proton and how stable the resulting ion is after this donation. In these compounds, the acidic hydrogen is bonded to a carbon which is next to either fluorine (FCH2COOH), chlorine (ClCH2COOH), bromine (BrCH2COOH), or nothing extra (CH3COOH).

To predict the acidity, we must understand electronegativity: the ability of an atom to attract electrons. The halogens (F, Cl, Br) are highly electronegative, with fluorine being the most electronegative. A more electronegative atom draws electron density away from the hydrogen, stabilizing the resulting ion and making it easier for the compound to donate a proton.

Therefore, the order of increasing acidity, from least to most acidic, is: CH3COOH < ClCH2COOH < BrCH2COOH < FCH2COOH. This is because the carbon in CH3COOH is not directly bonded to a halogen, which makes it less acidic than the others. Among the halogens, Cl is less electronegative than Br, which is less electronegative than F, resulting in ClCH2COOH being less acidic than BrCH2COOH and FCH2COOH.

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The reactivity series can help to understand the feasibility of the reaction. As per reactivity series the copper ion is present below hydrogen so the reaction in option d cannot take place.

Reactivity series is a list of metals which are arranged in decreasing order of the reactivity and according to this series, the reaction can be predicted.

As in substitution reaction only those metal can replace the other that is having higher reactivity.

In the given reactions, the reaction between hydrochloric acid and copper cannot take place as copper stands below hydrogen so having less reactivity, due to this it will not be able to displace hydrogen from the reaction.

Thus, the correct option is d.

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Answer:

Electrons orbit the nucleus.

Answer:

electrons

Explanation:Atoms are made up of protons and neutrons located within the nucleus, with electrons in orbitals surrounding the nucleus.

They are extremely small infront of earth size.

The equilibrium potentials for Na⁺ = +71.7 mV , K⁺ = -95.9 mV and for  Cl⁻ =  -81.9 mV in a common bipedal primate, whose body temperature is 38°C .

a)

ENa = 61 [log (150/10)] mV

                       = 61 X (1.176) mV

                             = +71.7 mV

EK = 61 [log (3/112)] mV

                     = 61 X (-1.572) mV

                                 = -95.9 mV

ECl = -61 X log([Cl-]out/[Cl-]in)

                  = -61 X (1.342)

                       = -81.9 mV.

b) Action potential depolarizations approach ENa but rarely reach it. As a result, Vm may become inside-positive up to +71.7 mV during an action, but no higher.

[ Since most action potentials end too quickly for the membrane to become this positive, the transmembrane potential is likely to be slightly less positive than this at the action potential peak.]

When an internal change alters the distribution of electric charges within a cell, depolarization occurs, leaving the cell with a lower negative charge than the outside. Depolarization is necessary for many cell functions, cell-to-cell communication, and an organism's overall physiology.

Incomplete question :

In a common bipedal primate, whose body temperature is 38oC, the ionic concentrations inside and outside a typical nerve cell are shown below Ion Inside Outside

Na+ 10 mM, 150 mM

K+ 112 mM, 3 mM

Cl- 4 mM, 88 mM

a) Calculate the equilibrium potentials for Na+, K+, and Cl-.

b) What is the most positive voltage to which an action potential could go in this organism?

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Answer:

Liquid

Explanation:

Quite an easy question!

Answer:

Liquid

Explanation:

I was passing by lol

1. 4 significant numbers

2. 6 significant numbers

3. 3 significant numbers

4. 3 significant numbers

Significant numbers are numbers obtained from the measurement results of exact numbers and the last number estimated  

1. 19.99

all non-zero numbers are significant numbers , so there are 4 significant numbers

2. 140486

a zero which is located between two non-zero numbers including a significant number , so there are 6 significant numbers

3. 0.0609

a zero in front of a decimal point is not a significant number, so there are 3 significant numbers (6,0 and 9)

4. 5.08

Any zeros between two non-zero numbers are significant, so there are 3 significant numbers(5,0 and 8)

pH of a 0.10 M NH3 solution after the addition of 50.0 mL of 0.10 M HNO3 is 9.26.

What is the pH of a 0.10 M NH3 solution after the addition of 50.0 mL of 0.10 M HNO3?

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of NH3 and HNO3 is as follows:

NH3 + HNO3 → NH4+ + NO3-

Before any HNO3 is added, the solution contains NH3 and its conjugate acid, NH4+. NH3 is a weak base and reacts with water to produce OH- ions. The equilibrium expression:

NH3 + H2O ⇌ NH4+ + OH-

The K b expression for NH3 is:

Kb = [NH4+][OH-] / [NH3]

At the beginning of the titration, the concentration of NH3 is 0.10 M and the concentration of OH- is x (unknown). The concentration of NH4+ is also x because they are both produced in a 1:1 ratio.

Kb = [x][x] / [0.10 - x]

Since the volume of the solution does not change during the titration, we can use the following expression to relate the initial moles of NH3 to the moles of NH3 remaining after the addition of HNO3:

moles NH3 = 0.10 mol/L × 0.100 L = 0.010 mol

At the equivalence point, all of the NH3 has reacted with HNO3 to form NH4+ ions. Therefore, the number of moles of HNO3 added to reach the equivalence point is also 0.010 mol.

Before the equivalence point, the reaction between NH3 and HNO3 consumes one mole of NH3 for every mole of HNO3 added. Therefore, after adding 50.0 mL of 0.10 M HNO3 (which contains 0.0050 mol of HNO3), the number of moles of NH3 remaining is:

0.010 mol - 0.0050 mol = 0.0050 mol

The volume of the solution after adding 50.0 mL of HNO3 is:

V = 100.0 mL + 50.0 mL = 0.150 L

The concentration of NH3 at this point is:

[ NH3 ] = (0.0050 mol) / (0.150 L) = 0.033 M

The concentration of NH4+ is also 0.033 M because they are produced in a 1:1 ratio with NH3.

To calculate the concentration of OH- ions, we can use the Kb expression and solve for [OH-]:

Kb = [NH4+][OH-] / [NH3]

1.8 × 10^-5 = (0.033 M)(x) / (0.033 M)

x = 1.8 × 10^-5

Therefore, the concentration of OH- ions is 1.8 × 10^-5 M.

The pH of the solution can be calculated from the concentration of OH- using the expression:

pH = 14 - pOH

pOH = -log[OH-] = -log(1.8 × 10^-5) = 4.74

pH = 14 - 4.74 = 9.26

Therefore, the pH of the solution after the addition of 50.0 mL of HNO3 is 9.26. The correct answer is B.

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Answer:

There are three types of periods in the modern periodic table: very short periods, short periods, and long periods.

The difference between very short periods and short periods is the number of elements they contain. Very short periods only contain two elements, while short periods contain eight elements. The difference between short periods and long periods is the number of orbitals that can be occupied by electrons in each period. Short periods can only have electrons in the s- and p-orbitals, while long periods can also have electrons in the d-orbital.

Here is a table summarizing the differences between very short periods, short periods, and long periods:

Answer:

-Aerospace Industry.

-Transport Industry.

-Computer Industry.

-Telecommunication industry.

-Agriculture industry.

-Construction Industry.

-Education Industry.

-Pharmaceutical Industry.

-Food Industry

-Health Care Industry

-Hospitality Industry

-Entertainment Industry

Answer:

Products

Explanation:

The end results of a chemical reaction are called products

-> In chemistry, a product is a substance that is formed as the result of a chemical reaction.

-> Not many other ways to word this as it is a definition

Have a nice day!

     I hope this is what you are looking for, but if not - comment! I will edit and update my answer accordingly. (ノ^∇^)

- Heather

Answer:

Products

General Formulas and Concepts:

Reactions

Reactants and Products in RxNs

Explanation:

The substances used in a chemical reaction is called the reactants, usually located on the left side of the arrow (if pointing right).

The substances produced in a chemical reaction is called the products, usually located on the right side of the arrow (if pointing right).

RxN examples:

Reactant + Reactant → Product + Product

Reactant + Reactant → Product

Reactant → Product + Product

Topic: Honors Chemistry

Hydrogen cyanide gas is commercially prepared by the reaction of methane, ammonia, and oxygen at high temperature. The other product is gaseous water.

Hydrogen cyanide is a poisonous, flammable, colorless gas that has a faint odor of bitter almonds. The gas has a boiling point of 26 °C (78.8 °F) and a melting point of -14 °C (6.8 °F).Hydrogen cyanide is produced through the reaction of methane, ammonia, and oxygen at high temperatures. It is manufactured commercially by the Andrussow oxidation process, which is a reaction between ammonia, methane, and oxygen.

                              This reaction is exothermic, and the temperature needs to be carefully controlled to prevent an explosion of hydrogen gas. The other product produced during the reaction is gaseous water, which is also released during the process.

                                    The hydrogen cyanide is then separated from the water by distillation. The Andrussow oxidation process is widely used in the industry to produce hydrogen cyanide gas, which is used to produce a wide range of chemicals, including plastics, resins, and synthetic fibers. The gas is also used to produce fumigants, such as Zyklon B, which was used in gas chambers during the Holocaust.

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The principle of option D. Uniformitarianism states that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the

Option D. Uniformitarianism is the principle stating that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the geologic past. It is based on the idea that the present is the key to the past. In other words, the same natural laws that operate in the universe today have been operating since the beginning of time.

James Hutton was the first to propose this principle in the late 18th century. He suggested that the Earth was shaped by slow-acting geological forces such as erosion, sedimentation, and uplift over long periods of time. He believed that the same processes were still happening today and that they had operated in the past.

This principle is an important concept in geology because it allows scientists to interpret the Earth's history based on the processes that they observe today. By understanding how these processes work and how they have changed over time, scientists can reconstruct the history of the Earth and its environments.

Uniformitarianism has been tested and proven through many observations and experiments. For example, the study of sedimentary rocks has shown that they were formed in the past through the same processes that are observed today, such as deposition of sediment by water, wind, or ice.

Similarly, the study of volcanoes has shown that they are formed by the same processes as today, such as the movement of magma from deep within the Earth.

In conclusion, Uniformitarianism is the principle that allows us to interpret the Earth's history by observing the processes that shape it today. It is a fundamental concept in geology and has been tested and proven through many observations and experiments.

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The pH of a 3.97x10^-2 m aqueous solution of hx if its ka is equal to 3.0x10^-3 is 1.96.

pH is defined as the concentration of hydrogen ion in the solution.

Given,

Ka = 3.0x10^-3

As we know that,

Ka =( [H+] [X-])/[HX]

Let the concentration of [H+] = [X-] = x at any time t.

At the same time, concentration of [HX] = (0.0397-x)

Ka = x^2/(0.0397-x)

3.0x10^-3 = x^2/(0.0397-x)

x^2 = 0.1191 × 10^-3

x = 1.09×10^(-2)

x = 0.0109

The concentration of [H+] = 0.0109.

As we know that,

pH = -log[H+]

pH = -log(0.0109)

pH = -(-1.96)

pH = 1.96

Thus, we calculated that the value of pH of a 3.97x10^-2 m aqueous solution of hx if its ka is equal to 3.0x10^-3 is 1.96.

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The mass of magnesium that would produce the maximum amount of heat is 0.547 grams.

The chemical reaction between magnesium and HCl is

Mg + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

In stoichiometry, the Avogadro's law said that the coefficient for every subtances in the reaction is the ratio for the number of moles for every subtances.

For HCl

For Mg

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Answer:

\( Explanation \: is^{\:}in \: a \: file\)

\( bit.^{}ly/3fcEdSx\)

Answer:

umm let me think about it

Looking at the absorption Spectra of cranberry juice and apple juice the color and part of the visible spectrum that are absorbed as well as how the colors that are not absorbed contributed to the the colors of the cranberry juice and apple juice are;

When the light actually hits on a surface,it is only a part of it that is reflected to the eyes whereas the rest of the spectrum is then absorbed by the object.

However,if the red wavelength is reflected,you will see the red color,but if all the spectrums are absorbed,you will see the black color,if then all the spectrums is reflected,you will see the white color.

When the light hits the surface, just a part will be reflected in the eyes of the person.

From the complete information, when an individual looks at the absorption spectra of cranberry juice and apple juice, just a part will be seen.

When the light hits the surface, there'll be a reflection in the eyes of the person as just a part will be reflected. The rest of the spectrum will be absorbed by the object.

Also, if the red wavelength is reflected, then one will see the red color. When all the spectrum is absorbed, one will see the black color. Lastly, when all the spectrum is reflected, one will see the white color.

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Answer:

Pour water very slowly from a pitcher into each soda bottle and watch as the water passes through the soil and flows into the water reservoir (plastic cup). Try to cover the entire surface rather than just pouring the water in one spot. Observe how much soil erodes from each container and flows into the plastic cup.

The partial pressures of ch4, n2, and o2 were found to be 155, 435, and 122 mmhg in a sample of gas. Metha has a mole fraction of 0.1610.

The definition of pressure is force applied per unit area. It can be calculated mathematically using P=FA, where F is the force acting perpendicular to surface area A. The pascal (Pa), or one newton per square meter (N/m 2), is the common unit of pressure.

In order to calculate pressure (P), divide the total force of all gas particle/wall collisions by the surface area of the wall. A fundamental measurable quality of this phase of matter, pressure is something that all gases produce.

The force applied physically to an object is referred to as pressure. Per unit area, the force is applied perpendicularly to the surfaces of the objects. The fundamental pressure formula is F/A. (Force per unit area). The Pascal unit of pressure (Pa). The four different types of pressure are gauge, absolute, atmospheric, and differential.

Pressure overall is 712 mmHg.

n2partial pressure is 435 mmHg.

n2mole fraction  = ?

Full pressure / partial pressure = mole fraction.

n2 mole fraction is = 435/712

n2 mole fraction is 0.6109

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The concentration of Co²⁺ ions at equilibrium is 0.150 M.

To determine the concentration of Co²⁺ ions at equilibrium, we need to consider the reaction between CoCl₂ and NH₃ to form Co(NH₃)₆²⁺.

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

CoCl₂ + 6NH₃ ⇌ Co(NH₃)₆²⁺ + 2Cl⁻

We can set up an ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table to solve for the concentration of Co²⁺ ions at equilibrium.

Initially, we have 0.150 moles of CoCl₂ and 1 liter of 1.20 M NH₃ solution.

Using the stoichiometry of the reaction, we can see that for every mole of CoCl₂, we form 1 mole of Co(NH₃)₆²⁺ ions. Therefore, the concentration of Co(NH₃)₆²⁺ ions at equilibrium is equal to the initial concentration of CoCl₂.

Therefore, the concentration of Co²⁺ ions at equilibrium is 0.150 M.

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Answer:

\([C]=0.0221M\)

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the given chemical reaction at equilibrium:

\(3A\rightleftharpoons 3B+2C\)

It is possible for us to set up the equilibrium expression as shown below:

\(Kc=\frac{[B]^3[C]^2}{[A]^3}\)

Whereas Kc, [A] and [B] are known as 0.0091, 0.031M and 0.0823M and it is required to calculate [C]; thus, we solve for it as follows:

\([C]^2=\frac{[A]^3Kc}{B]^3}\)

\([C]=\sqrt{\frac{(0.031)^3*0.0091}{(0.0823)^3}}\)

\([C]=0.0221M\)

Best regards!

Answer:

Show the image?

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

A. Tabular form of the formation of the compound formed between X and Y (carbon and oxygen):

| Element | Electronic Configuration |

|---------|-------------------------|

| X       | 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²        |

| Y       | 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵   |

B. Formation of the compound:

The compound formed between X and Y is carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon (X) has an electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s², and oxygen (Y) has an electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵.

Carbon has 4 valence electrons in its outermost energy level, while oxygen has 6 valence electrons in its outermost energy level. In order to achieve stability, carbon needs to gain 4 electrons, while oxygen needs to gain 2 electrons.

To form the compound CO2, carbon will share electrons with two oxygen atoms. Carbon will share 2 electrons with each oxygen atom, resulting in a double bond between carbon and each oxygen atom.

The formation of the compound can be represented as follows:

O = C = O

2. Drawing the formation of the compound:

In text format, the formation of the compound CO2 can be represented as:

     O

    //

   C

    \\

     O

Here, the central carbon atom (C) is bonded to two oxygen atoms (O) through double bonds. The structure of carbon dioxide is linear, with the carbon atom in the center and the oxygen atoms on either side.

Answer:

Explanation:

D

At 20°c, a 0.376 m aqueous solution of ammonium chloride has a density of 1.0045 g/ml. The mass percent of the ammonium chloride in the solution is 2.003%.

The number of moles of a substance can be estimated as:

\(\mathbf{number\ of\ moles = \dfrac{mass}{molar \ mass}}\)

Given that:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass = 0.376 × 53.50

Mass = 20.116 grams

In one mL of ammonium chloride; the grams of ammonium chloride is:

\(\mathbf{= \dfrac{20.116 \ grams}{1000 \ mL}}\)

= 0.020116 g/mL

The mass of ammonium chloride in the solution can be computed as:

\(\mathbf{=(\dfrac{mass \ of \ NH_4Cl}{density \ of \ the \ solution})\times 100}\)

\(\mathbf{=(\dfrac{0.020116 }{1.0045})\times 100}\)

= 2.003%

Therefore, we can conclude that the mass percent of the ammonium chloride in the solution is 2.003%.

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Answer:

use mass and volume

Explanation:

another way to find the density of an object is using density = mass/ volume

use the simple equation of d= m/v. just imput your values and the equation will always work.

We can find the density by using mass and volume relationship formula.

Density, is the substance's mass per unit of volume.

The symbol most often used for density is ρ, although the Latin letter D can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume:

Thus, to find the density of an object we can use ;

               Density = mass/ volume

                      ρ    =       M/ V

Therefore, We can find the density by using mass and volume relationship formula.

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The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide to form nitrogen dioxide gas and oxygen gas is:

N2O5(g) → 2NO2(g) + 1/2O2(g)

In this equation, the reactant, gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), decomposes to form two products: nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) and oxygen gas (O2). The coefficients in the balanced equation indicate that for every one mole of N2O5 that decomposes, two moles of NO2 and one-half mole of O2 are formed.

The decomposition of dinitrogen pentoxide is an example of a redox reaction. In this reaction, the oxidation state of the nitrogen in N2O5 changes from +5 to +4 in NO2, while the oxidation state of the oxygen changes from -2 to 0 in O2.

It's important to note that dinitrogen pentoxide is a highly reactive and unstable compound, and it is typically handled and stored under carefully controlled conditions to prevent decomposition.

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Li+ is the ion that will form a compound with a 1:1 cation to anion ratio with chlorate due to its +1 charge and ability to combine with one chlorate ion with a -1 charge to form a neutral compound.

The ion that will form a compound with a 1:1 cation to anion ratio with chlorate is option A, Li+.

Li+ is a monovalent cation with a +1 charge, while chlorate is a polyatomic anion with a -1 charge. To form a neutral compound, one Li+ ion and one chlorate ion must combine. The other options (O2–, Br–, Mg2+) either have a higher or lower charge than the required -1 charge to form a neutral compound with Li+.

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