the greatest concentration of nitrogen on the planet earth is found in the atmosphere. it is made available to living organisms by

We can see here that the catalytic cycle for the hydrogenation of alkenes using Wilkinson's catalyst involves several steps.

Here's an overview of the catalytic cycle, including the necessary details:

i. Chemical structure of the catalyst:

Wilkinson's catalyst, also known as chloridotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I), has the following chemical structure: [RhCl(PPh3)3]

ii. Molecular geometry of the catalyst:

The Wilkinson's catalyst has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry around the rhodium center. The three triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligands occupy equatorial positions, while the chloride (Cl) ligand occupies an axial position.

iii. Type of reactions involved:

The catalytic cycle involves several reactions, including:

iv. Starting material, reagent, and solvent:

The starting material is an alkene, and the reagent is Wilkinson's catalyst ([RhCl(PPh3)3]). The reaction is typically carried out in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) or tetrahydrofuran (THF).

v. Major and minor end-products:

The major end-product of the hydrogenation reaction is the fully saturated alkane, resulting from the addition of hydrogen across the double bond. The minor end-product may include cis- or trans-configured alkanes if the original alkene substrate possesses geometric isomers.

vi. Intermediates:

The intermediates in the catalytic cycle include:

These intermediates play a crucial role in facilitating the hydrogenation reaction and enabling the catalytic cycle to proceed.

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Answer:Yes

Explanation:

Because Chinstrap penguins eat krills

Answer:

statement C is the correct answer

Answer:

(a).

(4 × C) + (8 × H)

= (4 × 12) + (8 × 1)

= 48+8

= 56 g

(b).

= (4 × C) + (6 × H)

= (4 × 12) + (6 × 1)

= ( 48+6 )

= 54 g

(c).

= ( 2 × Si ) + ( 4×Cl ) + (2×H)

= (2×28) + (4×35.5) + (2×1)

= 56 + 142 + 2

= 200 g

(d).

= (1×P) + (4×O) + (3×H)

= 31 + 64 + 3

= 98 g

Only CuS will precipitate despite the solubility products of ZnS and CuS being 3 × 10⁻²² and 8 × 10³⁶, respectively.

A chemical substance having the formula H 2S is hydrogen sulfide. It is a colorless chalcogen-hydride gas that is toxic, caustic, and combustible. Trace concentrations of it in the ambient air have the distinct odor of rotten eggs.

The Occupational Health and Safety Administration reports that H2S is one of the main factors contributing to workplace gas inhalation fatalities in the United States.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that between 2001 and 2010, hydrogen sulfide gas caused 60 worker fatalities.

Hydrogen sulfide, also known as H2S, sewer gas, swamp gas, stink damp, and sour damp, is a colorless gas that, in small quantities, has a strong rotten-egg odor. It is highly poisonous and highly flammable.

So, in a solution, only CuS will precipitate.

[CuS] = [Cu⁺² [ S⁻²] = 0.01 x 9.2 x 10⁻²² = 9.2 ₓ 10-⁻²⁴ > Ksp

[ZnS] = [Zn⁺² [ S⁻²] = 0.01 x  10⁻²² x  9.2 = 9.2 ₓ 10-⁻²⁴ < Ksp

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The complete question is:

A solution contains 0.01 M Zn²⁺ and 0.01 M Cu²⁺ ions. It is saturated by passing H2 S gas in the solution. The S²⁻ ion concentration is 9.2 * 10^-22 M. The solubility products of ZnS and CuS  are 3 * 10⁻²² and 8 * 10^-36 respectively. Which of the following is true?

Answer:

0.146 M

Explanation:

Use v1s1 = v2s2

here, v1 = 500 mL, v2 = 700 mL, s1 = 0.205 M & s2 = new concentration

Answer:

The pressure will be twice the initial pressure

Explanation:

Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure of a gas is directely proportional to absolute temperature under constant volume. That is because vibrations of a gas increase when temperature increases, increasing the pressure of the gas.

That means if the temperature of a gas is doubled, the pressure will be twice the initial pressure.

To determine the original pressure of a 750 ml sample of helium (He) at 0 degrees Celsius, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the initial and final conditions of a gas sample. The combined gas law equation is:

(P1 × V1) / (T1) = (P2 × V2) / (T2)

Where:

P1 and P2 are the initial and final pressures, respectively.

V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes, respectively.

T1 and T2 are the initial and final temperatures, respectively.

Let's assign the given values:

P1 = unknown (original pressure)

V1 = 750 ml (initial volume)

T1 = 0 degrees Celsius (initial temperature)

P2 = 2 atm (final pressure)

V2 = 500 ml (final volume)

T2 = 25 degrees Celsius (final temperature)

Before using the combined gas law equation, we need to convert the temperatures to Kelvin scale by adding 273.15 to both T1 and T2:

T1 = 0 + 273.15 = 273.15 K

T2 = 25 + 273.15 = 298.15 K

Now we can plug in the values into the combined gas law equation:

(P1 × 750 ml) / (273.15 K) = (2 atm × 500 ml) / (298.15 K)

To solve for P1, we can cross multiply and rearrange the equation:

P1 = (2 atm × 500 ml × 273.15 K) / (750 ml × 298.15 K)

P1 = 0.924 atm

Therefore, the original pressure of the 750 ml sample of helium at 0 degrees Celsius is approximately 0.924 atm.

The statement "when a bottle of soda was opened, bubbles rapidly appeared in the liquid and were given off at the surface" can be categorized as an observation.

Observation refers to the act of noticing or perceiving something through the senses. In this case, the statement describes a specific event that was directly observed: the opening of a bottle of soda and the rapid appearance of bubbles in the liquid, which were then given off at the surface. This observation describes a phenomenon that can be witnessed and measured.

The appearance of bubbles when a bottle of soda is opened is a well-known and predictable occurrence. It can be explained by the principles of gas solubility and pressure.

The soda contains dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) under high pressure, which is responsible for the carbonation. When the bottle is opened, the sudden release of pressure causes the dissolved CO2 to come out of solution, forming bubbles. These bubbles then rise to the surface and are released into the air.

While this statement captures an observed phenomenon, it does not propose a general principle or provide a comprehensive explanation of the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, it does not qualify as a law or theory, but rather as an observation based on direct sensory perception.

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Answer:

2NaCN + CaCO3 --> Na2CO3 + Ca(CN)2

Explanation:

Knowing the names gets us: NaCN + CaCO3 --> Na2CO3 + Ca(CN)2

Balance: there are two sodiums and cyanides on the product side so add a 2 to the reactant side.

Answer:

Yeah, it's B.

Explanation:

Homeostasis is when the body maintains a near constant internal environment.

Medicare  

United states program for people who are older than 60

Answer:

good job ;0

Explanation:

The de Broglie wavelength of the neutron moving at a velocity of 7.11×10⁶ m/s is 5.56×10¯¹⁴ m

λ = h /mv

Where

The following data were obtained from the question:

The de Broglie wavelength can be obtained as follow:

λ = h /mv

λ = 6.626×10¯³⁴ / (1.676×10⁻²⁷ × 7.11×10⁶)

λ = 5.56×10¯¹⁴ m

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When dissolved in water, most Group 1 metal salts can be described as strong electrolytes.

When Group 1 metal salts are dissolved in water, they can be described as strong electrolytes. This is because Group 1 metals, such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and so on, readily lose their outermost valence electron to form positive ions (cations). These cations then dissociate completely in water, separating from the anions to which they were originally bonded.

The dissociation of Group 1 metal salts in water results in the formation of positively charged metal ions and negatively charged non-metal ions (anions). These ions are free to move and conduct electric current, making the solution a good conductor of electricity. The complete dissociation of Group 1 metal salts in water and the presence of freely moving ions make them strong electrolytes.

Strong electrolytes are substances that ionize completely or almost completely in solution, producing a high concentration of ions. This is in contrast to weak electrolytes, which only partially ionize and produce a lower concentration of ions.

In summary, when Group 1 metal salts are dissolved in water, they form strong electrolytes due to their ability to dissociate completely into ions, leading to a high concentration of freely moving ions in the solution, thus enabling efficient electrical conductivity.

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Answer:

The inside of the Earth is too hot to hold a solid magnet therefore, there is liquid metals within the mantle and deeper. These metals flow around causing volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and Earth's magnetic field.

Explanation:

Answer:

A) Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the number of moles of gas present:

```

PV = nRT

```

where:

* P = pressure (atm) = 1 atm

* V = volume (L) = 5.6 L

* n = number of moles of gas

* R = ideal gas constant = 0.08206 L atm / mol K

* T = temperature (K) = 273.15 K

Solving for n, we get:

```

n = (P * V) / RT

```

```

n = (1 atm * 5.6 L) / (0.08206 L atm / mol K * 273.15 K)

```

```

n = 0.25 mol

```

Therefore, there are 0.25 moles of gas present.

B) The molar mass of the gas can be calculated by dividing the mass of the gas (8.0 g) by the number of moles of gas (0.25 mol):

```

Molar mass = Mass / n

```

```

Molar mass = 8.0 g / 0.25 mol

```

```

Molar mass = 32 g/mol

```

The molar mass of the gas is 32 g/mol.

C) The common atmospheric gas with a molar mass of 32 g/mol is oxygen (O2). Therefore, the gas that was collected is oxygen.

Explanation:

The molar mass is 3230.8 g/mol

First, we need to know that the formula for the general gas law  is represented as;

PV = nRT

such that the parameters are;

Substitute the values

1 × 2.33 = n × 8.314 × 433.15

Multiply the values, we get;

n = 2.33/ 8.314 × 433.15

Divide the values

n = 6.5 × 10⁻⁴ moles

But, number of moles = mass/molar mass

Molar mass = 2.10/ 6.5 × 10⁻⁴

Molar mass = 3230.8 g/mol

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The volume of the object is 1.5ml.

This refers to the space occupied within the boundaries of an object in three-dimensional space. It is also called the capacity of the object.

In the question:

ρ = 400 g/mL

m = 600 mg

v = ?

Formular for calculating density ρ:

ρ = m/v

Where,

ρ= Density of the object

m= Mass of the object

v = volume of the object

Were are given the values of density and mass in the question. We are to calculate the volume.

Makinig v subject of the formular we have:

v = m/ρ

v =  600 mg

      400 g/mL

v = 1.5ml

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The increasing order from lowest to highest boiling point is,

     Methane < Dimethyl ether < methanol < sodium chloride.

Boiling point of a substance is defined as the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor. It is also called as saturation temperature. This temperature is the temperature for a corresponding saturation pressure at which a liquid boils into its vapor phase. Methanol is said to be a more polar molecule which can form hydrogen bonds between molecules. Methanol will have a much higher boiling point than methane due to the hydrogen bond present in it. The boiling point is dependent on the pressure. Due to the hydrogen bond sodium chloride has highest boiling point and methane has lowest boiling point. and  It cannot be increased beyond the critical point. It decreases with decreasing pressure until the triple point is reached. It cannot be reduced below the triple point.

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Over-tilling and Over farming are the two processes that can harm the fertility of the soil.

Over-tilling refers to the exceeding levels of tilling and levelling the soil which adversely affects the quality of the soil. This is because tillage fractures the soil, it disrupts soil structure, accelerating surface runoff and soil erosion. Tilling of soil also reduces crop residue, which help cushion the force of pounding raindrops.

Without crop residue, soil particles become more easily dislodged, being moved or 'splashed' away. The splashed particles clog soil pores, effectively sealing off the soil's surface, resulting in poor water infiltration and hence subsequently affects the soil fertility.

Similarly, the main effect of over-farming is soil depletion. When crops are grown in the same place year after year, the soil becomes depleted of the nutrients that the plants need to grow. This can lead to lower yields and poorer quality crops. In extreme cases, it can lead to desertification.

So, these two are the processes that can harm soil fertility.

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The question requires us to choose the best option regarding the bonds of nonmetal atoms.

Nonmetal atoms can form different types of bonds depending on the atom they are bonding to. They can participate in ionic bonds, where electrons are donated or received (exchanged electrons), usually when bonded to a metal (in this case, the metal usually "loses" the electron, while the nonmetal "gains" the electrons). They can also form covalent bonds when the electrons are shared with other nonmetals.

Regarding the options provided by the question, we can make the following comments:

- 1st option: the type of bond described, where electrons can move freely, is typical of metallic bonding;

- 2nd option: gaining electrons describe ionic bonding, while sharing electrons is related to covalent bonding;

- 3rd option: noble gases are the atoms with full valence orbitals.

- 4th option: losing valence electrons is also a description of ionic bonding.

Considering the information above, the best option to answer the question is the second one:

"Nonmetal atoms form bonds by gaining or sharing electrons".

(nonmetals participate in ionic bonds by donating electrons and in covalent bonds by sharing electrons).

Answer: B) 0.005 55 cm

Hope you have a blessed day!

Answer:

Exothermic Reaction

Product  = Calcium hydroxide + hydrogen

Explanation:

Answer:

\(\Delta _{comb}H=-2,265\frac{kJ}{mol}\)

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, for such calorimetry problem, we can notice that the combustion of the compound releases the heat which causes the increase of the temperature by 11.95 °C, it means that we can write:

\(Q _{comb}=-C_{calorimeter}\Delta T_{calorimeter}\)

In such a way, we can compute the total released heat due to the combustion considering the calorimeter specific heat and the temperature raise:

\(Q _{comb}=-2980\frac{J}{\°C} *11.95\°C\\\\Q _{comb}=-35,611J\)

Next, we compute the molar heat of combustion of the compound by dividing by the moles, considering 1.400 g were combusted:

\(n=1.400g*\frac{1mol}{89.05g} =0.01572mol\)

Thus, we obtain:

\(\Delta _{comb}H=\frac{Q_{comb}}{n}=\frac{-35,611J}{0.01572mol} \\\\\Delta _{comb}H=-2,265,331\frac{J}{mol}*\frac{1kJ}{1000J} \\\\\Delta _{comb}H=-2,265\frac{kJ}{mol}\)

Best regards!

Answer: 6.25 L

Explanation:

Charles Law  V1/T1 = V2/T2

Convert temperature to Kelvin by adding 273.15

V2 = V1T2/T1

V2= 6.4 X 293.15/300.15 = 6.25 L

Answer:

2. Full

Explanation:

A lunar eclipse occurs at a full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun. During a lunar eclipse, Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon.

Hope this helps!!

Answer:

4 nitrogen, 2 oxygen, 2 nitrous oxide

1 . a.

Solution :

a. The oxidation reduction reactio is

1.    HNO₃ + Cu(3) --> Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O(l) + 2NO₂(g)

    Half reaction

    oxidation --> Cu(s) --> Cu(NO₃)₂(aq)

    reduction --> HNO₃ -->NO₂

   copper is oxidized and nitrogen is reduced

2 ->  CuSO₄(aq) + zn(s) --> Cu(s) + ZnSO₄(aq)

        Half reaction .

        oxidation --> Zn(s) --> ZnSO4(aq)

        Reduction --> CuSO₄ (aq) --> Cu(s)

        zinc is oxidized and copper is reduced.

3 ->   Zn(s) + 2H⁺(aq) --> Zn²⁺(aq) + H₂(g)

        oxidation --> Zn(s) --> Zn²⁺(aq)

         Reduction --> 2H⁺(aq) -->H₂(g)

        Zinc is oxidized and hydrogen is reduced .

b .  Acid - base reaction

       CuO(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) -->CuSO₄(aq) + H₂O(l)

       precipitation reaction

      Cu(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2NAOH(aq) -->Cu(OH)₂ + 2NANO₃

2 .  21.33 mL of 3.0 M NAOH are required to neutralize 4.0 mL of 16.0 M                        HNO2

1 mole of NAOH required to neutralized the

     1 mole of HNO₃

   NAOH + HNO₃ --> H₂O +NANO₃

 (M₁V₁)NAOH  =  (M₂V₂)HNO2

  3 * V₁  = 4 * 16

     V₁ = 64/3

     V₁= 21.33 ml

The term oxidation was originally used to describe the reaction in which an element combines with oxygen.

Example: The reaction of magnesium metal with oxygen to form magnesium oxide involves the oxidation of magnesium.

The term reduction comes from the Latin root and means "to undo". So anything that goes back to magnesium metal is a reduction.

The reaction of magnesium oxide with carbon at 200°C to form magnesium metal and carbon monoxide is an example of the reduction of magnesium oxide to magnesium metal.

electrons were discovered, the chemist became convinced that redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one of his atoms to another.

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