the gravitational potential energy of an realtive to the ground dependant on the objects​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The energy that an item has due to its location in a gravitational field is known as gravitational potential energy. When an object is close to the surface of the Earth, when the gravitational acceleration may be considered to remain constant at around 9.8 m/s2, gravitational potential energy is most frequently used.

Explanation:


Related Questions

The standard test to determine the maximum lateral acceleration of a car is to drive it around a 200-ft diameter circle painted on a level asphalt surface. The driver slowly increases the vehicle speed until he is no longer able to keep both wheel pairs straddling the line. If the maximum speed is 35 mi/hr for a 3000-lb car, compute the magnitude F of the total friction force exerted by the pavement on the car tires.

Answers

Answer:

the magnitude F of the total friction force is 2456.7 lb

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

maximum speed = 35 mi/hr = ( 35×5280 / 60×60) = 51.3333 ft/s

diameter = 200ft

radius = 200/2 = 100 ft

First we calculate the normal component of the acceleration;

\(a_{n}\) = v² / p

where v is the velocity of the car( 51.3333 ft/s)

p is the radius of the curvature( 100 ft)

so we substitute

\(a_{n}\) = (51.3333 ft/s)² / 100ft

\(a_{n}\) = (2635.1076 ft²/s²) / 100ft

\(a_{n}\) = 26.35 ft/s²

we convert Feet Per Second Squared (ft/s²) to Standard Gravity (g)

1 ft/s² = 0.0310809502 g

\(a_{n}\) = 26.35 ft/s² × 0.0310809502 g

\(a_{n}\) =  0.8189g

Now consider the dynamic equilibrium of forces in the Normal Direction;

∑\(F_{n}\) = m\(a_{n}\)

F = m\(a_{n}\)

we know that mass of the car is 3000-lb =  3000lb(\(\frac{1}{g}slug\)/1 lb)

so

we substitute

F =  3000lb(\(\frac{1}{g}slug\)/1 lb)  × 0.8189g

F = 2456.7 lb

Therefore; the magnitude F of the total friction force is 2456.7 lb

The standard test to determine the maximum lateral acceleration of a car is to drive it around a 200-ft

How is speed shown on a distance-time graph?

as the x value at the beginning of the line
as the x value at the end of the line
as the length of the line
as the slope of the line

Answers

I know this one is 10

Answer:

Divide the change in distance by the change in time.

Explanation: Divide the difference in y-coordinates by the difference in x-coordinates (rise/run or slope).

To my best knowledge It's D

The tune-up specifications of a car call for the spark plugs to be tightened to a torque of 50 N⋅m. You plan to tighten the plugs by pulling on the end of a 30-cm-long wrench. Because of the cramped space under the hood, you'll need to pull at an angle of 105 ∘ with respect to the wrench shaft.
With what force must you pull?

Answers

The force needed to pull the wrench of 30 cm long is 643.95 N.

What is force?

Force can be defined as the product of mass and aceleration.

To calculate the force that must be pull, we use the formula below.

Formula:

F = T/Lcos∅.......... Equation 1

Where:

F = ForceT = TorqueL = Length of the wrench∅ = Angle

From the question,

Given:

T = 50 N.mL = 30 cm = 0.3 m∅ = 105°

Substitute these values into equation 1

F = 50/(0.3×cos105°)F = -643.95 N.

Note: The negative sign tells the direction of the force and can be ignored (Pull)

Hence, the force need to pull is 643.95 N.

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A skateboarder starts up a 1.0-m-high, 30∘ ramp at a speed of 9.0 m/s. The skateboard wheels roll without friction. At the top, she leaves the ramp and sails through the air.

How far from the end of the ramp does the skateboarder touch down?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.

Answers

The skateboarder touches a distance of R= 7.09m from the end of the ramp.

What is velocity?

Velocity can be defined as the rate of change of the object's position with respect to a frame of reference and time.

From the given instance, the skateboarder touches a distance of R= 7.09m from the end of the ramp

Velocity along y axis = 9.0 sin30 = 4.5m/s.

Velocity along x axis = 9cos30 = 7.79m/s

Vfinal -Vinitial  = acceleration * time

4.5 = 10t ; t(up) = 0.45s.

Hy =  9*(sin 30°)*T1 - (1/2)*g*T1^2  [ upward movement]

Hy= 9*(1/2)*0.45 - (1/2)*9.81*0.45^2

Hy = 2.025 - 0.993

Hy = 1.032

T2 = √[(2/9.81)*1.032] = 0.46

R = (T1 + T2)*9*(cos 30°)

R= (0.45+0.46)* 9* 0.8660

R= 7.09m

In conclusion, Velocity is a vector quantity that refers to "the rate at which an object changes its position.

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11. [0/10 Points]
A rectangular block has dimensions 2.9 cm x 2.6 cm x 10.0 cm. The mass of the block is 605.0 g
What is the volume of the block?
4.0
DETAILS
x cm³
What is the density of the block?
4.0
X g/cm³
Submit Answer
PREVIOUS ANSWERS

Answers

Volume of rectangular block is 75.4 cm^3

Density of the rectangular block is 8.02 g/cm^3

Volume is simply defined as the space occupied within the boundaries of an object in three-dimensional space.

It is also known as the capacity of the object.

Volume of rectangular block = length× breadth× height

=2.9 cm × 2.6 cm × 10.0 cm

=75.4 cm^3

Density is defined as the substance's mass per unit of volume.

Mathematically ,density is defined as mass divided by volume.

Density of the block = Mass of block / volume of block

=605.0 g / 75.4 cm^3

=8.02 g/cm^3

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the weight of an object is measured in air to be 7N the object is then immersed in water and its apparent weight is measured to be 4N determined the buoyant force and state whether or not the object float

Answers

The buoyant force can be determined by subtracting the apparent weight of the object in water from its weight in air. In this case, the buoyant force would be 7N - 4N = 3N.

Based on the information provided, since the buoyant force (3N) is less than the weight of the object (7N), the object will not float.

Floating occurs when the buoyant force is greater than or equal to the weight of the object.

In this scenario, the object will experience a net downward force, indicating that it will sink rather than float in water.

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________ can occur when an analog connection creates an electromagnetic field around its conductors, inducing its waveforms on a nearby analog connect

Answers

Answer:

Crosstalk

Explanation:

The answer is Crosstalk as this phenomenon is most commonly associated with analog phone call.

Now, crosstalk is defined as a disturbance caused by the electric or magnetic fields of one telecommunication signal which affects a signal in an adjacent circuit. In a telephone circuit, crosstalk could result in hearing part of a voice conversation from another circuit. Hence, the phenomenon that causes crosstalk is called electromagnetic interference (EMI). This may occur in microcircuits within computers and audio equipments including within network circuits. This term is also usually applied to optical signals that interfere with each other.

the space between two coaxial cylinders is filled with an incompressible fluid at constant temperature. the radii of the inner and outer wetted surfaces are kr and r, respectively. the angular velocities of rotation of the inner and outer cylinders are ai and a,. determine the velocity distribution in the fluid and the torques on the two cylinders needed to maintain the motion. (b) repeat part (a) for two concentric sph

Answers

The velocity distribution in the fluid can be found using the Navier-Stokes equation, which states that the net force on a fluid element is equal to its mass times its acceleration.

(a) Velocity distribution and torques on two coaxial cylinders:

The fluid is incompressible, so the continuity equation can be used to relate the fluid velocities at different radii. For the coaxial cylinders, the velocity distribution can be found by assuming a linear velocity profile between the two surfaces, where the velocity at the inner surface is ai * kr and the velocity at the outer surface is a * r. Therefore, the velocity profile is given by:

v(r) = (a - ai) / (r - kr) * (r - kr) + ai * kr

The torque required to maintain the motion of the cylinders can be found using the formula:

T = I * α

where T is the torque, I is the moment of inertia, and α is the angular acceleration. For each cylinder, the moment of inertia is given by:

I = (1/2) * m * R²

where m is the mass of the cylinder and R is its radius. The angular acceleration is related to the angular velocity by:

alpha = (a - ai) / (r - kr)

Therefore, the torque on the inner cylinder is:

Ti = (1/2) * m * kr² * (a - ai) / (r - kr)

and the torque on the outer cylinder is:

To = (1/2) * m * r² * (a - ai) / (r - kr)

(b) Velocity distribution and torques on two concentric spheres:

The velocity distribution and torques on two concentric spheres can be found in a similar way to the coaxial cylinders. Assuming a linear velocity profile between the two spheres, where the velocity at the inner sphere is ai * kr and the velocity at the outer sphere is a * r, the velocity profile is given by:

v(r) = (a - ai) / (r - kr) * (r - kr) + ai * kr

The torque required to maintain the motion of the spheres can be found using the same formula as for the cylinders, with the moment of inertia for each sphere given by:

I = (2/5) * m * R²

where m is the mass of the sphere and R is its radius. Therefore, the torque on the inner sphere is:

Ti = (2/5) * m * kr² * (a - ai) / (r - kr)

and the torque on the outer sphere is:

To = (2/5) * m * r² * (a - ai) / (r - kr)

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Look at the diagram showing the different wavelengths in sunlight.

A diagram showing the human eye and visible light. Visible light is broken down by color with wavelength in nanometers. Red is 700, orange is 600, yellow is 580, green is 550, blue is 475, indigo is 450, violet is 400.

Which has a wavelength of 350 nanometers?

red light
violet light
infrared light
ultraviolet light

Answers

Answer:

ultraviolet light

plz mark me as brainliest.

Answer:

Ultra violet

Explanation:

1.33 kg of ice at 0.00 °C is added to 12.4 kg of water at 20.0 °C. What is the final temperature?

Answers

Answer:

Heat gain = Heat loss

Latent heat of fusion of water = 80 kcal/kg

Specific heat of water = 1 kcal /kg deg C

Heat gain = 1.33 * 80 + (12.4 + 1.33) T = 106 + 13.7 T

Heat Loss = 12.4 * (20 - T) = 248 - 12.4 ΔT

106 + 13.7 T = 248 - 12.4 T

26.1 T = 142

T = 5.4       final temperature

Answer: 10.310406 (works for acellus)

I tried to add an explanation but it wouldn't let me for some reason

Anyways watch the end of the video to see how to get the equation

Solve this equasion from The Doubling Theory

Solve this equasion from The Doubling Theory

Answers

the equation is hard and for this equation to be solved download e book

Final answer:

The Doubling Theory is a mathematical concept that involves finding a number that, when doubled repeatedly, equals a given value. To solve an equation using the Doubling Theory, you need to determine the number of doublings required to reach the given value.

Explanation:

The Doubling Theory is a mathematical concept that involves finding a number that, when doubled repeatedly, equals a given value. To solve an equation using the Doubling Theory, you need to determine the number of doublings required to reach the given value. Let's say the equation is 2^n = 64. We can start with 2 and double it repeatedly until we reach 64:

2 x 2 = 44 x 2 = 88 x 2 = 1616 x 2 = 3232 x 2 = 64

It took 5 doublings to reach 64, so the value of n in the equation 2^n = 64 is 5.

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Hi please help on question! . If answer is correct I'll rate you five stars a thanks and maybe even brainliest! You will even get 54 pts!!


Here is a function machine.



Input : multiply by 6. Subtract 80: output



The input is the same as the output. Find the input.


Also can you please show me an easy to work out these type of questions

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Sure, I'd be happy to help you with the question!

Let's denote the input as x. According to the function machine, the input is multiplied by 6 and then 80 is subtracted from the result to obtain the output.

So, the function can be written as:

Output = (6 * x) - 80

Now, the problem states that the input is the same as the output. Therefore, we can set up the equation:

x = (6 * x) - 80

Let's solve this equation to find the value of x:

x = 6x - 80

Subtracting 6x from both sides, we get:

x - 6x = -80

Combining like terms, we have:

-5x = -80

Dividing both sides by -5, we find:

x = (-80) / (-5)

Simplifying the expression, we have:

x = 16

Therefore, the input (x) that results in the input being the same as the output is 16.

To work out these types of questions, it's important to carefully read the instructions and understand the operations being performed in the function machine. Then, you can set up an equation with the input and output, and solve for the unknown value. Always double-check your solution to ensure it satisfies the given conditions of the problem.

Answer:

16

Explanation:

(x*6) - 80 = x

Multiply the parentheses

6x - 80 = x
Add 80 to each side to get
6x = x + 80
Subtract x from both sides to get
5x = 80
Divide both sides by 5
x = 16

A 700N marine in basic training climbs a 10m vertical rope at constant speed in 8sec. what is power put ​

Answers

Answer:

875 Watts

Explanation:

P = W/t = mgh/t = 700(10)/8 = 875 Watts

PLS PLS HELP TIMED TEST!!!!!!

A baseball rises through the air after being hit. What energy conversion is occurring?
a. potential to thermal
b. kinetic to potential
c. kinetic to thermal
d. potential to kinetic

Answers

Answer:

hi

Explanation:

hey

Answer:

(A) potential energy

I think it helps you

A 12 volt power supply is connected
to two 30 Ohm resistors in parallel.
What is the voltage drop across the
resistors?
12 V
30 Ω
30 Ω
[?] volts

A 12 volt power supply is connectedto two 30 Ohm resistors in parallel.What is the voltage drop across

Answers

24 volts is the voltage drop across each of the resistors in the parallel configuration.

When resistors are connected in parallel, they share the same voltage across them. Therefore, the voltage drop across each resistor in this scenario would be the same.

Given:

Power supply voltage (V) = 12 V

Resistance of each resistor (R) = 30 Ω

Since the resistors are in parallel, the total resistance (R_total) can be calculated using the formula:

1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2

Substituting the values:

1/R_total = 1/30 Ω + 1/30 Ω

1/R_total = 2/30 Ω

R_total = 15 Ω

Now, we can find the current flowing through the resistors (I) using Ohm's Law:

I = V / R_total

I = 12 V / 15 Ω

I = 0.8 A

Since the voltage drop across each resistor is the same, we can find it using Ohm's Law:

V_drop = I * R

V_drop = 0.8 A * 30 Ω

V_drop = 24 V

Therefore, the voltage drop across each of the resistors in the parallel configuration is 24 volts.

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Paul Cezanne's Still Life with Apples in a Bowl (1879-83) represents a break with the tradition of using ____in art.

value

modeled forms

local color

linear perspective

Answers

Paul Cezanne's Still Life with Apples in a Bowl (1879-83) represents a break with the tradition of using linear perspective in art.

One of the pioneers of modern art, Cezanne used a novel approach to painting at the time. In his still life paintings, Cezanne represented things utilizing a system of flattened planes and simplified forms rather than the conventional perspective techniques that provide the impression of depth and space.

Additionally, he played around with color, relying on color blocks rather than shading and modeling to convey a sense of volume and form.

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Which two of the following statements about inertia are true?
1. Inertia is the force that keeps a moving object in motion.
2. Inertia is the force that keeps a stationary object at rest.
3. Inertia is the natural tendency of a stationary object to resist motion.
4. Inertia is the natural tendency of a moving object to resist a change in its velocity.

Answers

1 and 4

Hope I am right!!

The statements that apply to inertia are that it is a force that maintains moving objects in motion, a force that keeps stationary objects at rest, a force that causes stationary objects to naturally resist motion, and a force that causes moving objects to naturally resist changes in velocity.

What is Newton's first law?

According to Newton's first law, until pushed to alter its condition by the intervention of an external force, every object will continue to be at rest or in uniform motion along a single direction.

As given all the following the statements that are true about inertia are,

1. Inertia is the force that keeps a moving object in motion.

2. Inertia is the force that keeps a stationary object at rest.

3. Inertia is the natural tendency of a stationary object to resist motion.

4. Inertia is the natural tendency of a moving object to resist a change in its velocity.

Thus, all the given options are correct about inertia.

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Please help

The period of an oscillation is measured to be 0.0833 seconds. What is
the frequency of this oscillation? *


1.0833 Hz
0.287 Hz
9.8 Hz
12 Hz
0.007 Hz

Answers

Answer:

your

answer is

12.004

Look at the equation. What detail is missing? 3 m/s2= (33 m/s - X)/30 S

 Look at the equation. What detail is missing? 3 m/s2= (33 m/s - X)/30 S

Answers

Answer:

The starting velocity.

Explanation:

We must understand that this equation comes from the following equation of kinematics.

\(v_{f}=v_{o}+a*t\)

where:

Vf = final velocity = 33 [m/s]

Vo = starting velocity [m/s]

a = acceleration = 3 [m/s²]

t = time = 30 [s]

So, these values can be assembly in the following way:

\(v_{f}=v_{o}+a*t\\a*t=v_{f}-v_{o}\\3=\frac{33-v_{o}}{30}\)

# 5 what will most likely happen when an air mas of low temperature exists above a water body at a higher temperature?
Heat will transfer from the wetter to the air ​

Answers

Answer: Heat will transfer from the water to the air. When a mass of air moves on a warmer surface it is heated by its base. Then thermal instability develops in the lower layers and then extends upwards. If the air initially contained inversions, these are destroyed and a strong gradient is established uniformly in the lower troposphere temperature.

Answer:

yes u are correct

Explanation:

the diameter of the wheels on your car ( including the tires) is 25 inches. you are going to drive 250 miles today. each of your wheels is goingnto turn by an angle of​

Answers

So the answer is 324.

Explanation
Because I took that test and I got right if u don’t believe me u can brainy it

A current of 2A flows for 2minutes through the wire in a motor. (1) how much charge passes through a wire this time​

Answers

Answer:

240 C

Explanation:

Given:

I = 2At = 2 minutes = 120 seconds

To find:

Charge passing through the wire (Q)

Solution: Formula relating Q, I and t is given as:

Q = It Plugging the values of I and t in the above equation, we find:Q = 2 * 120-> Q = 240 C

Thus, 240 Coulomb charge will pass through the wire.

Convert 197,500 mi/s into yd/s

Answers

Answer: 197,500 mi/s into yd/s Is 347600000 yd/s

Explanation:

A 150 lb diver stands at the end of a rigid 8 ft long diving board. What is the magnitude of the torque the diver exerts on the diving board

Answers

Answer:

1200 lb-ft

Explanation:

Weight of diver W = 150 lb

length of board L = 8 ft  

This board is pivoted at one end therefore, the perpendicular distance from the pivot = 8 ft

Torque = weight x perpendicular distance from pivot

T = WL

Torque = 150 x 8 = 1200 lb-ft

What happens to make electrical current flow in a generator?

Answers

Generators don’t actually create electricity. Instead, they convert mechanical or chemical energy into electrical energy. They do this by capturing the power of motion and turning it into electrical energy by forcing electrons from the external source through an electrical circuit. A generator is essentially an electrical motor working in reverse.
Some electrical generators, such as those at Hoover Dam, for example, are huge and provide enormous amounts of energy by transferring the power created by water turning turbines into electricity. Residential and commercial generators, however, are much smaller and rely on more traditional fuel sources like diesel, gas, and propane to create mechanical power that can then be forced into a circuit and induce an electrical current.
Once an electrical current has been established, it is directed through copper wires to power external machines, devices, or entire electrical systems.

For a specific gas, how does its emission spectrum relate to its absorption spectrum?

a) Bright lines in its emission spectrum have different wavelengths than the dark lines of its absorption spectrum.
b) They do not relate directly.
c) Dark lines in its emission spectrum have the same wavelengths as the bright lines of its absorption spectrum.
d) Bright lines in its emission spectrum have the same wavelengths as the dark lines of its absorption spectrum.

Answers

Bright lines in its emission spectrum have the same wavelengths as the dark lines of its absorption spectrum. Hence, option (d) is correct.

What are emission spectrum and  absorption spectrum?

The electromagnetic radiation spectrum that is emitted when an atom or molecule changes from a high energy state to a lower energy state is known as the emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound.

Absorption spectrum: An electromagnetic spectrum where a drop in radiation strength at particular wavelengths or ranges of wavelengths indicative of an absorbing substance (such as chlorophyll) is particularly visible as a pattern of dark lines or bands, in contrast to emission spectrum.

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Water flows at a speed of 13 m/s through a pipe that has a diameter of 1.2 m. What is the
diameter of the smaller end of the pipe that the water comes out with a speed of 30 m/s?

Answers

The diameter of the smaller end of the pipe is approximately 0.78 meters.

To determine the diameter of the smaller end of the pipe, we can use the principle of conservation of mass. According to this principle, the mass flow rate of water should remain constant throughout the pipe.

The mass flow rate is given by the equation:
Mass flow rate = density of water * cross-sectional area * velocity

Since the density of the water remains constant, we can write:
Cross-sectional area1 * velocity1 = Cross-sectional area2 * velocity2

Given that the velocity1 is 13 m/s, the diameter1 is 1.2 m, and the velocity2 is 30 m/s, we can solve for the diameter2 using the equation:
(pi * (diameter1/2)^2) * velocity1 = (pi * (diameter2/2)^2) * velocity2

Simplifying the equation:
(1.2/2)^2 * 13 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

Calculating the equation:
(0.6)^2 * 13 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

0.36 * 13 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

4.68 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

Dividing both sides by 30:
0.156 = (diameter2/2)^2

Taking the square root of both sides:
0.39 = diameter2/2

Multiplying both sides by 2:
0.78 = diameter2

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The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 210 d. How many days would it take for the decay rate of a sample of this isotope to fall to 0.58 of its initial rate?

Answers

It would take approximately 546 days for the decay rate of the sample of this radioactive isotope to fall to 0.58 of its initial rate.

1. The decay rate of a radioactive isotope is proportional to the number of radioactive atoms present in the sample at any given time.

2. The decay rate can be expressed as a function of time using the formula: R(t) = R₀ * \(e^{(-\lambda t\)), where R(t) is the decay rate at time t, R₀ is the initial decay rate, λ is the decay constant, and e is the base of the natural logarithm.

3. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay. In this case, the half-life is given as 210 days.

4. Using the half-life, we can find the decay constant (λ) using the formula: λ = ln(2) / T₁/₂, where ln(2) is the natural logarithm of 2 and T₁/₂ is the half-life.

5. Substituting the given half-life into the formula, we have: λ = ln(2) / 210.

6. Now, we need to find the time it takes for the decay rate to fall to 0.58 of its initial rate. Let's call this time "t".

7. Using the formula for the decay rate, we can write: 0.58 * R₀ = R₀ * e^(-λt).

8. Simplifying the equation, we get: 0.58 = \(e^{(-\lambda t\)).

9. Taking the natural logarithm of both sides, we have: ln(0.58) = -λt.

10. Substituting the value of λ from step 5, we get: ln(0.58) = -(ln(2) / 210) * t.

11. Solving for t, we have: t = (ln(0.58) * 210) / ln(2).

12. Evaluating the expression, we find: t ≈ 546.

13. Therefore, it would take approximately 546 days for the decay rate of the sample of this radioactive isotope to fall to 0.58 of its initial rate.

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1.
Atennis ball is shot straight up with an initial velocity of 34 m/s. What is its velocity two seconds after launch?

Answers

Answer:

The speed (magnitude of the velocity) is 14.4 m/s

Explanation:

Vertical Launch Upwards

It occurs when an object is launched vertically up without taking into consideration any kind of friction with the air.

If vo is the initial speed and g is the acceleration of gravity, the speed vf at any time is calculated by:

\(v_f=v_o-g.t\)

A tennis ball is launched vertically up with an initial speed of vo=34 m/s. At time t=2 s, its speed is:

\(v_f=34-9.8*2\)

\(v_f=34-19.6\)

\(v_f=14.4\ m/s\)

The speed (magnitude of the velocity) is 14.4 m/s

The radius of curvature is smaller at the top than on the sides so that the downward centripetal acceleration at the top will be greater than the acceleration due to gravity, keeping the passengers pressed firmly into their seats. What is (a) the speed of the roller coaster at the top of the loop (in m/s) if the radius of curvature there is 13.0 m and the downward acceleration of the car is 1.50 g, and (b) the minimum speed necessary for the coaster to complete the loop without falling off the track?

Answers

the answer for the speed of the roller coaster at the top of the loop is v = 14.8 m/s

the minimum speed necessary for the coaster to complete the loop without falling off the track is 11.3 m/s.

Explanation to the Roller Coaster Speed Calculation

(a) To find the speed of the roller coaster at the top of the loop, we can use the equation for centripetal acceleration: a = v^2/r. We know that the radius of curvature is 13.0 m and the downward acceleration of the car is 1.50 g (where g is the acceleration due to gravity, approximately 9.8 m/s^2).

So, we can rearrange the equation to solve for v: v = sqrt(ar)

Plugging in the values, we get: v = sqrt(1.5g * 13m)

v = sqrt(22.5 * 9.8)

v = sqrt(219.5)

v = 14.8 m/s

(b) To find the minimum speed necessary for the coaster to complete the loop without falling off the track, we can use the same equation for centripetal acceleration, but this time we will use the minimum value of a that will keep the car on the track, which is equal to the acceleration due to gravity (g).

So, we can rearrange the equation to solve for v: v = sqrt(ar)

Plugging in the values, we get: v = sqrt(g * 13m)

v = sqrt(9.8 * 13m)

v = sqrt(127.4)

v = 11.3 m/s

So the minimum speed necessary for the coaster to complete the loop without falling off the track is 11.3 m/s.

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