The following results are obtained for the given nucleophilic substitution reaction between alkyl halide

(R–CH2–X) and a base (NaOH).

R-CH2-X = R-CH2-OH+X-

Experiment [R–CH2–X] [OH–} Initial Rate

1 0.030 0.2 1.5

2 0.045 0.2 2.25

3 0.040 0.4 3.75


A]. what is the order of reaction with respect to alkyl halide and base

B]. give 2 reasons to support your answer in part A

C]. write an overall rate equation for the given reaction

Answer:

C

Explanation:

35-32 = 3

1 meter = 1000 km

2500 meter = 2500/1000 km

= 2.5 km

None

it is a form of electromagnetic radiation, meaning it does not have any protons or neutrons

\(\frac{(28)(92.2297)+(29)(4.6832)+(30)(3.0872)}{100} \approx \boxed{28.11 \text{ amu}}\)

The average atomic mass in amu of this element using four significant figures would be 28.10 atomic mass units.

It is the sum of the mass of all the protons as well as the neutrons that are present inside the nucleus.

As given in the problem, there are three isotopes of an element, X-28, X-29, and X-30, with relative abundances of 92.2297%, 4.6832%, and 3.0872%, respectively, then the average atomic mass in amu of this element using four significant figures would be

The average  atomic mass of the element X = 0.922297×28 + 0.046832×29 + 0.030872×30

                                                        = 28.10 atomic mass units

Thus, the atomic mass of the element X in the four significant figures would be 28.10 atomic mass unit

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

An object's velocity can be described by it's direction. Because velocity is a vector. Besides velocity and acceleration are different units they can't be described by each other.

Answer:

Mass = 525.36 g

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of CO₂ formed = ?

Mass of CH₄ burned = 191 g

Solution:

Chemical equation:

CH₄ + 2O₂     →     CO₂ + 2H₂O

Number of moles of CH₄:

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles = 191 g/ 16 g/mol

Number of moles = 11.94 mol

Now we will compare the moles of CH₄ and CO₂.

                CH₄          :          CO₂

                 1              :            1

                11.94        :         11.94

Mass of  CO₂:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass = 11.94 mol × 44 g/mol

Mass = 525.36 g

Answer:

More particles per unit volume

Explanation:

Concentration means the amount of solute in a solution. Now, the amount of solute also means the number of particles of solute present in a solution.

Hence, when we use the term "high concentration", we imply that the amount of solute present or the number of particles present in a solution is high.

Thus, at high concentration, there are more solute particles than solvent particles in a solution.

The labs in this chemistry class use a green approach, which means they prioritize environmentally friendly practices.

In this chemistry class, the term "green approach" refers to a set of practices and principles that prioritize environmental sustainability and minimize negative impacts on the ecosystem. These labs aim to reduce their carbon footprint, conserve resources, and promote responsible waste management. By adopting a green approach, the class strives to align its scientific pursuits with the goal of environmental stewardship.

One of the key aspects of the green approach in these chemistry labs is the conscious selection and utilization of environmentally friendly materials and chemicals. This includes opting for safer alternatives to hazardous substances whenever possible, such as using non-toxic solvents or reagents. Additionally, the labs may encourage the use of renewable resources and promote the recycling or repurposing of materials to reduce waste generation.

Another important component of the green approach is energy conservation. The labs may employ energy-efficient equipment and lighting systems, as well as implement strategies to minimize energy consumption during experiments. For instance, they may encourage students to turn off equipment when not in use and adopt efficient heating or cooling methods.

Furthermore, the labs may focus on water conservation by promoting responsible water usage and minimizing water wastage during experiments. This could involve using water-efficient techniques, such as microscale experiments that require smaller amounts of water, or implementing recycling systems to capture and reuse water when appropriate.

By embracing a green approach, these chemistry labs aim to instill environmental awareness and responsibility in students while demonstrating that scientific progress can coexist with sustainable practices. Through this approach, students gain valuable knowledge and skills that they can apply in their future scientific endeavors, contributing to a more sustainable and eco-friendly society.

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Answer:

sodium, rubidium, caesium, francium

Explanation:

all are group I elements, so they have the similar properties

Answer:

It was part of a slow underwater eruption.

Explanation:  Or just A (:

Answer:

i agree with the human above me

Explanation:

love ye have a great day but i didnt have a good day bc my uncle ate my cheese puffs :'( anyways i got a 100 on the assaignment and this was the only answer i had to look up im proud of me

All of the following are involved in eukaryotic transcription EXCEPT a rho factor. The correct answer is 2.

Eukaryotic transcription is the process by which genetic information in DNA is transcribed into RNA. This process is carried out by a large complex of proteins and enzymes, including general transcription factors, transcription activators, and a transcription initiation complex.

These proteins and enzymes work together to unwind the DNA double helix, recruit the RNA polymerase enzyme to the promoter region of the gene, and begin the process of synthesizing RNA. The rho factor is not typically involved in this process, as it is specific to prokaryotic cells and is involved in the termination of transcription.

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Answer:

There are no statements. Edit your question and state the statements.

Answer:

There should be a image

On the basis of periodic trends, the element in each pair has the higher first ionization energy is:

a. S

b. Sb

c. N

d. O

Ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom, forming a positively charged ion. Generally, ionization energy tends to increase from left to right across a period and decrease from top to bottom within a group in the periodic table. Based on these trends, we can determine which element in each pair has the higher first ionization energy:

a. Al or S:

Aluminum (Al) is a metal, while sulfur (S) is a non-metal. Metals generally have lower ionization energies compared to non-metals. Therefore, sulfur (S) would have a higher first ionization energy than aluminum (Al).

b. As or Sb:

Both arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are non-metals, and they are located next to each other in the same group (Group 15) of the periodic table. As we move down the group, ionization energy generally decreases. Therefore, antimony (Sb) would have a higher first ionization energy than arsenic (As).

c. N or Si:

Nitrogen (N) and silicon (Si) are also located next to each other in the same group (Group 14) of the periodic table. Similarly, as we move down the group, ionization energy generally decreases. Therefore, nitrogen (N) would have a higher first ionization energy than silicon (Si).

d. O or Cl:

Oxygen (O) and chlorine (Cl) are located in different periods and groups. However, oxygen is in Group 16, while chlorine is in Group 17 of the periodic table. Moving from left to right across a period, ionization energy generally increases. Therefore, oxygen (O) would have a higher first ionization energy than chlorine (Cl).

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

Boyle's law states that "the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature."

Inverse proportionality means that as one quantity is increasing, the other quantity is decreasing and vice versa.

Hence, as the pressure was increased, the volume decreases accordingly in obedience to Boyle's law.

Answer:

What is TRUE about the missing volume is option C.

C. The volume will decrease due to inverse relationship of V & P

Explanation:

The given parameters of the gas are;

The initial pressure of the gas, P₁ = 2 atm

The initial volume of the gas, V₁ = 1.5 L

The final pressure of the gas, P₂ = 2 atm

Boyle's law states that, at constant temperature, the volume, 'V', of a given mass is inversely proportional to its pressure, 'P';

Mathematically, Boyle's law can be expressed as follows;

P ∝ 1/V

From which we have;

P·V = Constant

∴ P₁·V₁ = P₂·V₂

For the given gas, we get;

2 atm × 1.5 L = 6 atm × V₂

∴ V₂ = 2 atm × 1.5 L/(6 atm) = 0.5 L

Therefore, the volume decreases from 1.5 L to 0.5 L.

Benzenacetonitrile has a density of 1.059 g/cm3. An organic substance with the chemical formula C6H5CH2CN is benzyl cyanide. This colourless serves as a crucial building block for many different chemical molecules.

Experimental analysis can be used to determine the physical characteristic of benzenacetonitrile's density. Mass per unit volume is the definition of density, which is often given in values of g/mL or kg/m3. Using a pycnometer or a hydrometer, one may determine the density of benzenacetonitrile. A liquid is placed in a tiny, carefully calibrated container called a pycnometer, and its volume is calculated by weighing it. A hydrometer is a floating instrument that gauges a liquid's density based on buoyancy. Benzenacetonitrile has a density of 1.059 g/cm3. Because on the sample's purity, temperature, and pressure, benzenacetonitrile density might vary.

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Answer:

Trilobite fossils are found worldwide, with many thousands of known species. ... Because of their diversity and an easily fossilized exoskeleton, they left an extensive fossil record with some 17,000 known species spanning Paleozoic time.

Let me know if this help

Explanation:

Depending on the area and the movement of the plates, the fossils would be kind of close to each other. Maybe about a couple feet at the farthest in one area, almost everywhere.

Answer:

maltose

Explanation:

β-amylase is an enzyme found in fungi, bacteria and plants but not in humans. Unlike α-amylase, β-amylase can only degrade starch from the non-reducing end of the polymer chain by hydrolysis of the second α-1,4 glycosidic bond. The end product is thus maltose, i.e. two glucose units.

Answer:

B. In a wet, hilly area

Explanation:

We know that for a landslide to happen, there has to be a down hill slope so it can fall.

This eliminates answers C, D and E.

So we are left with A and B

Now we can look at this in a real life scenario. If you have ever walking on wet ground, you will know that is weaker than dry ground. Knowing this, we know the answer will have to be answer B.

The answers include the following:

This is referred to as the different types of methods which could be natural or artificial and employs the removal of excess water from a certain area or place.

Water in homes is drained through larger pipes which carry it into collection systems so as to prevent the risk of pollution and contamination of other areas.

Grey water path doesn't involve wastewater from the toilet while the black water comes from only the toilet which is why they were chosen as the correct choice.

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No approximations or assumptions need to be made in the calculation of the pH and the tartrate ion 1C4H4O6 2-2 concentration for a 0.250 M solution of tartaric acid.

The pH and the tartrate ion 1C4H4O6 2-2 concentration of a 0.250 M solution of tartaric acid can be calculated using the acid-dissociation constants and the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The acid-dissociation constants (Ka1 and Ka2) of tartaric acid are 1.14x10-2 and 5.01x10-5, respectively.

The pH of the solution can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([base]/[acid]) where [base] is the concentration of the conjugate base (the tartrate ion) and [acid] is the concentration of the acid (tartaric acid). Since the solution is 0.250 M in tartaric acid, [acid] = 0.250 M and [base] = 0.250 M - [tartrate ion], which can be calculated using the Ka1 and Ka2 values.

For Ka1, the tartrate ion 1C4H4O6 2-2 concentration can be calculated as 0.250 M - 0.250 * 1.14x10-2 = 0.249 M. For Ka2, the tartrate ion 1C4H4O6 2-2 concentration can be calculated as 0.250 M - 0.250 * 5.01x10-5 = 0.249 M.

Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, the pH of the solution can be calculated as pH = pKa + log([base]/[acid]). The pKa values of tartaric acid are 3.92 and 5.63 respectively. Therefore, for Ka1, the pH of the solution can be calculated as pH = 3.92 + log(0.249/0.250) = 3.91, and for Ka2, the pH of the solution can be calculated as pH = 5.63 + log(0.249/0.250) = 5.63.

No approximations or assumptions need to be made in the calculation of the pH and the tartrate ion 1C4H4O6 2-2 concentration for a 0.250 M solution of tartaric acid, as the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and the acid-dissociation constants of tartaric acid can be used.

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Dispersion forces are very weak electrostatic attractions that occur due to the random electronic motion within all substances, including - those that are nonpolar.

Dispersion force is also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction.

The London dispersion force is the weakest intermolecular force.

The London dispersion force (intermolecular force) is a temporary attractive force between molecules.

Dispersion forces make nonpolar substances (for example oxygen, nitrogen) to condense to liquids and freeze into solids in low temperatures.

In nonpolar bonds the arrangement of electrons are in the middle between two atoms.

For example, nitrogen molecule (N₂) has strong nonpolar triple covalent bond (:N:::N:), that is why it is very stable and have low reactivity.

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The number of mole of nitrogen gas in the 16.8 L container is 0.75 mole

Data obtained from the question

Volume (V) = 16.8 L

Pressure (P) = STP = 1 atm

Temperature (T) = STP = 273 K

Gas constant (R) = 0.0821 atm.L/Kmol

Number of mole (n) =?

How to determine the number of mole

The number of mole of the nitrogen gas can be obtained by using the ideal gas equation as illustrated below:

PV = nRT

Divide both side by RT

n = PV / RT

n = (1 × 16.8) / (0.0821 × 273)

n = 0.75 mole

Thus, the number of mole of the gas present is 0.75 mole

a) The sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts.

b) The sphere absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts.

c) The sphere's net rate of energy exchange is 102.09 Watts.

To calculate the rates of thermal radiation emission and absorption, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the rate of thermal radiation emitted or absorbed by an object is proportional to its surface area, temperature, and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

a) The rate of thermal radiation emitted by the sphere can be calculated using the formula:

Emitting Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(temperature^4 - environment\ temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Emitting Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((32.2 + 273.15)^4 - (82.9 + 273.15)^4)\)

Emitting Rate ≈ 139.75 Watts

b) The rate of thermal radiation absorbed by the sphere can be calculated in a similar way but using the environment temperature as the object's temperature:

Absorbing Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(environment\ temperature^4 - temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Absorbing Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((82.9 + 273.15)^4 - (32.2 + 273.15)^4)\)

Absorbing Rate ≈ 37.66 Watts

c) The net rate of energy exchange is the difference between the emitting rate and the absorbing rate:

Net Rate = Emitting Rate - Absorbing Rate

Net Rate = 139.75 Watts - 37.66 Watts

Net Rate ≈ 102.09 Watts

Therefore, the sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts, absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts, and has a net rate of energy exchange of 102.09 Watts.

Note: The units for all the rates are Watts.

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The statement that is incorrect about the chlorination of benzene by Cl2 and FeCl3 is: Formation of the sigma complex is the rate-determining step of the mechanism. Option a.

Chlorination of benzene refers to the substitution reaction that occurs between benzene and a halogen such as chlorine in the presence of a catalyst to form chlorobenzene. Benzene ring undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions because it contains a delocalized π-electron system. The mechanism of chlorination of benzene by Cl2 and FeCl3The reaction of benzene with Cl2 in the presence of FeCl3 as the catalyst occurs through a free radical mechanism. The mechanism of chlorination of benzene consists of the following three steps:

Formation of the electrophile (Cl+), which is responsible for the electrophilic substitution of benzene and the rate-determining step. FeCl3 catalyzes the reaction by generating a Lewis acid catalyst that functions as an acceptor for Cl2 to generate Cl+ through a homolytic cleavage.

Electrophilic attack of benzene, in which the Cl+ generated in the previous step forms a sigma complex with the benzene ring to create a cationic intermediate, which is stabilized through resonance.

Loss of H+, in which a proton from the cationic intermediate is lost to form the final product chlorobenzene.  Thus, the statement that is incorrect about the chlorination of benzene by Cl2 and FeCl3 is: Formation of the sigma complex is the rate-determining step of the mechanism.

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Answer:

la photosintesis viene de la clorofila de la planta

The value of g would be 4 solving the equation 4.7g + 7 = 2.7g + 15 out to find the value of g .

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Answer:

Because it's not soluble in water, need to be heated acidic solution

Explanation:

Calcium Fluoride Formula: CaF2  Comprises of Ca2+ and F−

H2O = Water H+ O2- OH-

Insoluble in water

In order to dissolve a salt, you have to break apart the ions and hydrate them via a solvent.

Need to read

HSAB concept( Pearson acid-base concept) is an initialism for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases"

So F- is a Halogen which is a Hard Base

And OH- is a Hard base as well

And H- is a soft base

So soft acids react best with soft bases and hard acids react best with hard bases.

Bases don't react with other bases.

Answer:

0.058M is molarity of the solution

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as the ratio between the moles of solute (In this case, MgSO₄) and the liters of solution.

In the problem:

Moles MgSO₄: 0.32 moles

Liters solution: 5.5L

Molarity is:

0.32 moles / 5.5L =

0.058M is molarity of the solution

Answer:

n = 7.86 mol

Explanation:

This question can be solved using the ideal gas law of PV = nRT.

Temperature must be in K, so we will convert 22.5C to 295 K ( Kelvin = C + 273).

R is the ideal gas constant of 0.0821.

(2.24atm)(85.0L) = n(0.0821)(295K)

Isolate n to get:

n = (2.24atm)(85.0L)/(0.0821)(295K)

n = 7.86 mol