The energy source for the light reactions is _____; the energy source for the carbon reactions is ______.

The correct option is D. A gas is released and a black solid forms.

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms make up sugar. When heated over a candle, these materials react with the fire and turn into liquids. Heat causes the sugar's atoms to interact with the oxygen in the air, forming new atomic groups. Energy is released during this chemical reaction in the form of smoke and black soot.

The main functions of sugars include their ability to sweeten things, maintain and intensify flavours, act as antioxidants and preservatives, and interact with water to change how it behaves. Fermentation, caramelization, Maillard reactions, or the creation of browning compounds, are examples of chemical processes.

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Question:

During a science class investigation, a teacher places a small amount of sugar in a beaker and then heats it over a candle. Which of the following would be the best evidence that a change in the chemical properties of the sugar has taken place?

A. The sugar changes color.

B. The sugar dissolves in the water.

C. The sugar melts and turns into a liquid.

D. A gas is released and a black solid forms.

Answer:

70°C,130.9 ................,...

Answer: Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C₂H₂):. CaC2 (s) + 2H2O (g) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + C₂H₂ (g).

An element is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom

An element is a fundamental thing that is difficult to divide into smaller parts. A substance that cannot be broken down by non-nuclear reactions is referred to as an element in chemistry and physics. An element is a unique component of a bigger system or set in computing and mathematics.

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The pH of 100.0 mL of 0.10 M H₃PO₄ is mixed with 200.0 mL of 0.15 M NaOH is 1.00.

a) To determine the pH of the resulting solution, we need to calculate the concentration of the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) using the concept of acid-base neutralization. The balanced equation for the reaction between H₃PO₄ and NaOH is:

H₃PO₄ + 3NaOH → Na₃PO₄ + 3H₂O

Since H₃PO₄ is a triprotic acid, we can assume that it completely dissociates in water. Therefore, the moles of H₃PO₄ can be calculated as follows:

Moles of H₃PO₄ = (0.10 mol/L) × (0.100 L) = 0.010 mol

To find the concentration of H₃O⁺, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction. In the balanced equation, we see that for every mole of H₃PO₄, three moles of H₃O⁺ are produced. Therefore, the concentration of H₃O⁺ in the resulting solution is:

[H₃O⁺] = (3 × 0.010 mol) / (0.100 L + 0.200 L) = 0.030 mol / 0.300 L = 0.10 M

The pH can be calculated using the formula: pH = -log[H₃O⁺]

pH = -log(0.10) ≈ 1.00

Therefore, the pH of the resulting solution is approximately 1.00.

b) To determine the pH of the resulting solution, we need to consider the reaction between the weak acid (HA) and the strong base (KOH). The balanced equation for this reaction is:

HA + KOH → K⁺ + A⁻ + H₂O

Since HA is a weak acid, it will only partially dissociate in water. We need to consider the initial concentration of HA, the amount of KOH added, and the resulting volume of the solution.

First, let's calculate the moles of HA:

Moles of HA = (0.10 mol/L) × (0.250 L) = 0.025 mol

Next, let's calculate the moles of KOH:

Moles of KOH = (0.25 mol/L) × (0.100 L) = 0.025 mol

Since the moles of KOH are equal to the moles of HA, they will react completely in a 1:1 ratio, resulting in the formation of the potassium salt (K⁺A⁻) and water (H₂O).

The total volume of the resulting solution is the sum of the volumes of HA and KOH:

Total volume = 250.0 mL + 100.0 mL = 350.0 mL = 0.350 L

To determine the concentration of the resulting solution, we divide the moles of the species formed by the total volume:

Concentration of K⁺A⁻ = (0.025 mol) / (0.350 L) ≈ 0.0714 M

Since we have a salt in the solution, we can assume complete dissociation of the salt into its respective ions. Therefore, the concentration of the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) will be equal to the concentration of the hydroxide ion (OH⁻) due to the neutralization reaction.

Now, let's calculate the concentration of H₃O⁺:

[H₃O⁺] = [OH⁻] = 0.0714 M

Finally, we can calculate the pH using the formula: pH = -log[H₃O⁺]:

pH = -log(0.0714) ≈ 1.15

Therefore, the pH of the resulting solution is approximately 1.15.

c) To determine the pH of the resulting solution, we need to consider the reaction between the weak acid (HA) and the weak base (A⁻). The balanced equation for this reaction is:

HA + A⁻ ⇌ H₂A

Since HA is a weak acid with a given Kₐ value, we can assume that it partially dissociates in water. The initial concentrations of HA and A⁻, as well as the resulting volume of the solution, are given.

First, let's calculate the moles of HA:

Moles of HA = (0.10 mol/L) × (0.100 L) = 0.010 mol

Next, let's calculate the moles of A⁻:

Moles of A⁻ = (0.050 mol/L) × (0.100 L) = 0.005 mol

Now, let's determine the concentrations of HA and A⁻ in the resulting solution:

[H₃A] = (moles of HA) / (total volume) = 0.010 mol / (0.100 L + 0.100 L) = 0.050 M

[HA] = (moles of A⁻) / (total volume) = 0.005 mol / (0.100 L + 0.100 L) = 0.025 M

Since HA and A⁻ have a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio, the concentrations of H₃A and HA are the same in the resulting solution.

To determine the concentration of the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺), we need to consider the dissociation of HA. The Kₐ expression for HA is:

Kₐ = [H₃O⁺] [A⁻] / [HA]

Given that Kₐ = 1.0 x 10⁻⁴ and the concentration of A⁻ is equal to the concentration of H₃A, we can rewrite the equation as:

(1.0 x 10⁻⁴) = (x)² / (0.025)

Solving for x (the concentration of H₃O⁺), we find:

x = √(1.0 x 10⁻⁴) × √(0.025) ≈ 0.0032 M

Now, we can calculate the pH using the formula: pH = -log[H₃O⁺]:

pH = -log(0.0032) ≈ 2.5

Therefore, the pH of the resulting solution is approximately 2.5.

The correct question is :

What is the pH?

100.0 mL of 0.10 M H₃PO₄ is mixed with 200.0 mL of 0.15 M NaOH.

250.0 mL of 0.10 M HA (Kₐ = 1. 0 x 10⁻⁴) is mixed with 100.0 mL of 0.25 M KOH.

100.0 mL of 0. 10 M HA (Kₐ =1. 0x10⁻⁴) is mixed with 100.0 mLof 0.050 M NaA

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

because they need it and hii

Answer: Apple

Explanation:
just took the test

The proposed solution, which has 10.0 grams of glucose in 100 gram of water, has a freezing point of 1.034 C.

The degree of heat in which a liquid becomes solid. precisely the temperatures at which a material's solid and liquid states are balanced at atmospheric pressure.

If a substance is kept below its freezing point, it may either become more or less dangerous. The freezing point additionally offers an essential safety standard for evaluating the impacts of occupational exposure to cold conditions.

m = molality

i = van 'toff factor,

molality = n/w*t of solvent

n = w*t of Glucose/M* w t

= 10/180*1/0.1

=0.555 w* t

= 1.86*0.555*1

= 1.034

T (solvent) - d= 0-1.034

freezing point = -1.034C

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In a combustion reaction, entropy plays a role in determining the direction of the reaction and the amount of heat released.

According to the second law of thermodynamics, a reaction is favored if it leads to an increase in the overall entropy of the system. In a combustion reaction, the breaking of chemical bonds in the reactants leads to the formation of new bonds in the products, resulting in an increase in the number of microstates and entropy.

The heat released in the reaction also contributes to the increase in entropy. As a result, combustion reactions are generally exothermic and spontaneous.

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Answer: they have a net positive charge

Explanation:

Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, 3.612x10²⁴molecules are in 6 moles of H\(_2\)O.

The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity of amount of substance. It measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. There are so many formula for calculating mole.

we know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number

number of atoms/molecules=number of moles × 6.022×10²³(Avogadro number)

number of moles of H\(_2\)O= 6 moles

Substituting all the given values in the above equation, we get

number of atoms/molecules=6.022×10²³x6

number of atoms/molecules= 3.612x10²⁴molecules

Therefore, 3.612x10²⁴molecules are in 6 moles of H\(_2\)O.

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Answer:

1000000 cubic centimetre

Answer:

1m^3 = 1000000cm^3

Explanation:

Answer:

\(3 Mg(s) + N_2(g) = Mg_3N_2(s)\)

Explanation:

The valance of magnesium atom is  \(+2\)

While the valence of nitrogen atom is \(- 3\)

Let us first write the first  half-reactions

\(Mg ---> Mg^{2+} + 2e^{-}\)

The second half reaction is

\(2N + 6e^- -----> N_2\)

Adding the above two reactions and writing the final reaction, we get -

\(Mg + N2 = Mg_3N_2\)

The balance equation is

\(3 Mg(s) + N_2(g) = Mg_3N_2(s)\)

Answer: 3.31 × \(10^{24\) molecules

Explanation: To go from moles to molecules, multiply the number of moles by 6.022 x 10^23. 

To write "stir the water to mix the chemicals and allow the floc to form" in past tense, you would say "stirred the water to mix the chemicals and allowed the floc to form."

This sentence indicates an instruction to stir the water to mix the chemicals and allow the floc to form. This can be accomplished by gently stirring the water while adding the chemical flocculant.

This mixing causes the chemicals to react and form floc, which will settle to the bottom of the container and clarify the water. After the floc has formed and settled, the clear water on top can be decanted, leaving the floc behind.

This process is commonly used in water treatment plants to remove impurities from drinking water, and can also be used to clarify other liquids such as wine or fruit juice.

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Answer:

feauurrjfjf iiii ammm soo confused

Explanation:

Answer:

\({ \tt{(a). { \bf{reactants : { \tt{iron \: and \: oxygen}}}}}} \\ { \bf{products : { \tt{iron(iii)oxide}}}} \\ \\ { \tt{(b).}} \: { \bf{1.204 \times {10}^{24} \: atoms}} \\ { \tt{(c).}} \: { \tt{4Fe +3 O _{2} → 2Fe _{2}O _{3}}} \\ \\ { \underline{ \blue{ \tt{becker \: jnr}}}}\)

Answer:

molar mass of caco3 is

100.0869 g/ mol

Answer:

C.) Temperature inversion

Explanation:

A temperature inversion occurs when cool air becomes trapped underneath a layer of warm air.

The atomic radius of magnesium is approximately 1.736 Å. This can be calculated using the formula: Atomic Radius = (a / 2) * sqrt(3), where a is the lattice parameter for the hcp crystal structure.

To calculate the atomic radius of magnesium, we can use the following formula:

Density = (2 * Atomic Mass) / [(a²) * (c / a) * Na]

where:

Density is the density of magnesium
Atomic Mass is the atomic mass of magnesium
a is the lattice parameter for the hcp crystal structure
c/a is the ratio of the height of the unit cell to the base length of the unit cell
Na is Avogadro's number
We can rearrange this formula to solve for the atomic radius:

Atomic Radius = (a / 2) * sqrt(3)

where:

a is the lattice parameter for the hcp crystal structure
Now, let's plug in the values given in the problem:

Density = 1.74 g/cm3
c/a = 1.624
Na = 6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mol

The atomic mass of magnesium is 24.305 g/mol.

To find the lattice parameter, we can use the fact that the volume of the unit cell is given by:

Volume = a² * (c / a) * sqrt(3) / 2

The density is also related to the volume and the atomic mass by:

Density = Atomic Mass / Volume

We can combine these two equations and solve for a:

a = (4 * Atomic Mass / (sqrt(3) * Density * c))⁽¹/³⁾

Plugging in the values:

a = (4 * 24.305 g/mol / (sqrt(3) * 1.74 g/cm^3 * 1.624))⁽¹/³⁾
a = 3.209 Å

Now we can calculate the atomic radius:

Atomic Radius = (a / 2) * sqrt(3)

Atomic Radius = (3.209 Å / 2) * sqrt(3)

Atomic Radius = 1.736 Å (rounded to three significant figures)

Therefore, the atomic radius of magnesium is approximately 1.736 Å.

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The mass of H₂SO₄ that must dissolved in 1.08 liters of solution to make 2.69M solution is 271.52 grams.

The molarity of the substance is defined as the number of moles of solute per unit volume of solution in liters.

In this case,

The volume of the solution is 1.08 L.

The required molarity of the substance is 2.69M.

So,

we can write,

Molarity = Moles/Volume

Moles = Molariyt x volume

Moles =2.69 x 1.03

Moles = 2.77

Moles = Mass required/molar mass.

Molar mass of H₂SO₄ is 98 g/mol.

Putting values,

2.77=Mass required/98

Mass required = 271.52 grams.

So, 271.52 grams of H₂SO₄ is required to make 2.69M solution.

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Answer:

Công thức muối sắt là FeCl_3 nha bạn.

Answer:

70%of 2000 = 1400

2000 tonnes of hematite contains 1400 tonnes iron oxide .

1400 tonnes of fe2O3

fe2O3 have molar mass 159.69

calculate moles = given mass/molar mass

moles = 1400000000/159.69

moles = 8766986

one mole contains = 112 g of fe

so 8766986 moles will contain = 112×8766986

= 981,902,432 grams of ferrous

which is nothing but equal to 981.90 tonnes of iron!!

The work done when a volume decreases from 5 liters to 3 liters at 4 atm of pressure is 800J.

To calculate the work done when a volume decreases from 5 liters to 3 liters at 4 atm of pressure, we need to use the formula:

Work = -PΔV

Where P is the pressure, ΔV is the change in volume, and the negative sign indicates that work is done on the system.

Here, the initial volume is 5 liters and the final volume is 3 liters, so ΔV = -2 liters (note the negative sign as the volume is decreasing). The pressure is 4 atm.

Plugging these values into the formula, we get:

Work = -(4 atm) x (-2 liters)
Work = 8 L.atm

To convert this to joules, we use the conversion factor given: 1 latm = 100 J. So:

Work = (8 L.atm) x (100 J/L.atm)
Work = 800 J

Therefore, the work done when a volume decreases from 5 liters to 3 liters at 4 atm of pressure is 800 J.

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The statement “the yeast engages in photosynthesis, which produces oxygen gas” is incorrect. Yeast cells do not engage in photosynthesis to produce oxygen gas.

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose (a simple sugar), which serves as food for the plant.

Oxygen is also produced during photosynthesis.Yeast:Yeast is a unicellular fungus that converts sugar into carbon dioxide and alcohol. Yeast cells respire aerobically in the presence of oxygen and anaerobically in the absence of oxygen.

However, yeast cells do not perform photosynthesis. They do not have chloroplasts or pigments that are required for photosynthesis. Therefore, yeast cells cannot produce oxygen gas.Bio quizlet:Quizlet is an online learning platform that allows users to create and share flashcards, study guides, and quizzes.

It is a great resource for studying biology and other subjects. Students can create their own study materials or use existing ones created by other users. Quizlet provides an engaging and interactive way to learn and retain information.

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Answer:

There are five types of kinetic energy: radiant, thermal, sound, electrical and mechanical. Let us look at some of the kinetic energy examples and learn more about the different types of kinetic

hope it is helpful to you

The right response is d. Both enzymes will have the same ΔG for catalysis.

The reaction rate and equilibrium constant have an impact on the Gibbs free energy (ΔG). No matter the source of the enzyme, such as E. coli or a thermophilic microbe, the ΔG for a reaction is the same. As a result, both enzymes will have the same ΔG for sucrose hydrolysis.

The ΔG may be written mathematically as:

ΔG = -RT ln (K)

T is the temperature, K is the equilibrium constant, and R is the gas constant..

As both enzymes have the same reaction rate (K) and temperature (T), the reaction's ΔG  value will likewise be the same.

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When the original solution of KNO3 is cooled to 15°C, a certain amount of KNO3 will settle to the bottom of the beaker. To determine the total mass of KNO3 that settles, several factors need to be considered, such as the solubility of KNO3 at different temperatures, the initial concentration of KNO3 in the solution, and the volume of the solution. By taking these factors into account, the total mass of KNO3 that settles can be calculated using appropriate equations.

The solubility of KNO3, which is the maximum amount of KNO3 that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent, is temperature-dependent. As the temperature decreases, the solubility of KNO3 decreases. Therefore, when the solution is cooled to 15°C, some of the KNO3 will no longer remain in the dissolved state and will start to precipitate or settle at the bottom of the beaker.

To determine the total mass of KNO3 that settles, several factors need to be considered. Firstly, the initial concentration of KNO3 in the solution is important. It determines the amount of KNO3 present in the solution before cooling. Secondly, the volume of the solution also plays a role, as it affects the total amount of KNO3 that can be dissolved. Finally, the solubility of KNO3 at 15°C needs to be known.

To calculate the mass of KNO3 that settles, the amount of KNO3 remaining in the solution at 15°C needs to be determined. This can be done by subtracting the solubility of KNO3 at 15°C from the initial concentration of KNO3 in the solution. The difference represents the amount of KNO3 that has precipitated and settled. Multiplying this difference by the volume of the solution gives the total mass of KNO3 that settles to the bottom of the beaker when the solution is cooled to 15°C.

It's important to note that this calculation assumes ideal conditions and that other factors, such as impurities or the presence of other substances, may affect the solubility and precipitation of KNO3. Additionally, accurate solubility data at the specific temperature of 15°C should be consulted for precise calculations.

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Answer:

A) HBr

b) NaCl

c) I2

d) N2

e) CH4

f) HF

Explanation:

a) HBr has the highest boiling point because its molecules are held by intermolecular hydrogen bonding unlike other compounds listed.

b) the freezing point of a substance is the same as its melting point. Ionic substances have the highest melting points. Hence NaCl has a melting (freezing) point of about 801°C

c) vapour pressure depends on molecular mass. The higher the molecular mass the lower the vapour pressure. I2 has the highest relative molecular mass and hence the lowest vapour pressure.

d) The molecule with the lowest molecular mass is expected to have the lowest intermolecular dispersion forces and hence the lowest freezing point.

e) Degree of dispersion forces and boiling point increases with increase in molecular mass. Since CH4 has the lowest molecular mass, it will also possess the lowest boiling point.

e) The magnitude of electro negativity decreases down the group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative element among the halogens. Hydrogen bonding results when hydrogen is covalently bonded to an electronegative element. The strength of the hydrogen bonding depends on the electro negativity of the electronegative element.

For hydrogen halides, HF has the highest boiling point since F is the most electronegative halogen and HF possess the greatest degree of hydrogen bonding among the hydrogen halides. Hydrogen bonding leads to increase in boiling point of substances.

The intermolecular forces in the compound have been responsible for the various properties of the compounds.

(a) Highest boiling point:

The hydrogen bonding has resulted from the electrostatic interaction of the H with the more electronegative atom. The strong interaction results in a higher boiling point.

HBr has consisted of the hydrogen bond, thus having the highest boiling point.

(b) Highest freezing point:

The higher hydrogen bonding in the structure results in a high freezing point. The ionic compounds with electrostatic interactions result in a high freezing point.

NaCl has been an ionic compound, thus has been consisted of the highest freezing point.

(c) Lowe vapor pressure:

Vapor pressure has been inversely proportional to the molecular mass. The higher the molecular weight, the lower has been the vapor pressure.

Iodine has the highest molecular weight, thereby has the lowest vapor pressure.

(d) Lowest freezing point:

Based on the molecular weight, the lower the molecular weight, the lower has been the freezing point of the molecule.

The \(\rm \bold{CH_4}\) has the lowest molecular weight, thus the lowest freezing point.

(e) Highest boiling point:

The more electronegative atom in the hydrogen bonding, the higher has been the stability and the higher the boiling point.

HF has the highest boiling point as it has H bonded with the most electronegative element.

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The number of constitutional isomers that have the molecular formula C6H14 is nine (9).

An isomer is a type of chemical compound in which the same atoms are arranged in different ways, resulting in different physical and chemical properties. To figure out how many constitutional isomers there are for a given formula, follow these steps:1. Begin by drawing the structural formula for the compound with the fewest substituents possible.

2. Begin to add or remove substituents from the central carbon atoms, making sure to follow the octet rule.3. Keep track of each isomer and make sure you don't duplicate any structures.4. Determine the total number of unique isomers. Here are the nine (9) constitutional isomers of C6H14 :CH3(CH2)4CH3(CH3)2CH(CH2)3CH3CH3CH2(CH2)3CH3CH3CHCH2(CH2)2CH3CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3CH3C(CH3)2(CH2)2CH3(CH3)2C(CH3)CH2CH3

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