The body compartments that participate in the immune system are the: Bloodstream, bone marrow, lymphatic system, and mononuclear phagocyte system.
Bloodstream: White blood cells and other immune system components, which circulate in the bloodstream, can travel to many places of the body to locate and destroy invaders.
Bone marrow: White blood cells like lymphocytes and monocytes are produced in the bone marrow, which also produces other immune cells.
Lymphatic system: The lymphatic system is a system of veins and lymph nodes that aids in the movement of lymph fluid. Initiating immune responses and removing infections and foreign substances are important roles it plays.
Mononuclear phagocyte system: Monocytes and macrophages are examples of the cells that make up the mononuclear phagocyte system, which is found in a variety of tissues and organs.
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animals that eat both plants and meat are called what?
The multidrug-resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes confer antibiotic resistance by ________.
The multidrug-resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes confer antibiotic resistance by actively pumping out or effluxing antibiotics from within the bacterial cell.
These pumps are specialised transport proteins that are capable of recognising a wide variety of antibiotics and expelling them from the cell before they can exert their antimicrobial effects. This process occurs before the antibiotics can have an effect on the microbes. This efflux mechanism provides bacteria with a means of surviving in the presence of antibiotics and contributes to the development of multidrug resistance.
Multidrug resistance is the process by which bacteria become resistant to various types of antibiotics. Bacteria can preserve their ability to survive and continue to reproduce by purposefully eliminating antibiotics from their cellular environment. This makes it more difficult to treat diseases caused by the bacteria.
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Will give brainliest
Living systems
a) violate the first law of thermodynamics.
b) decrease their entropy while increasing the entropy of the universe.
c) are only compelled to follow the first law of thermodynamics
d) are examples of a closed system
e) violate the second law of thermodynamics
Living systems are examples of a closed system, as they have an organism and unit configuration.
What is a closed system example?A closed system is one in which only energy is transferred and not any matter. Earth is considered the best example of a closed system as it only transfers energy and not matter around its atmosphere. And it is a natural process that is happening in and around the Earth.
With this information, we can conclude that Living systems are examples of a closed system, as they have an organism and unit configuration.
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Some chemical reactions release energy. Others store energy. What important chemical reaction stores energy?
Answer: endothermic reaction.
Explanation: A chemical reaction that stores energy is called an endothermic reaction. More energy might be released as products form than the energy needed to break the reactants apart.
Chemical reactions which release energy are called Exothermic reaction whereas the reaction which store energy are called Endothermic reaction. The energy is stored in the form of chemical bonds.
What is Chemical reaction?A chemical reaction is a process in which chemical transformation of one set of substance is converted into another type of substance.
Chemical reactions are of two types on the basis of energy transfer: Exothermic reaction and Endothermic reaction. An exothermic reaction is the chemical reaction in which the product is formed with the release of energy in the form of heat. For example: Breakdown of glucose through cellular respiration. An endothermic reaction is the chemical reaction in which the product is formed which stores energy in the form of chemical bonds. For example: The formation of glucose.
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Which is false?
A) fatty acids can enter Krebs cycle through a process called beta-oxidation
B) ATP can inhibit the enzyme phosphofructokinase
C) Too much NADH can inhibit pyruvate decarboxylase
D) DNA is often broken down to enter Krebs Cycle
Answer:
D) DNA is often broken down to enter Krebs Cycle
Explanation:
A) is true. Beta-oxidation is a process whereby fatty acids serves as precursor for cellular respiration. It is the catabolism (metabolic breakdown) of fatty acids into ACETYL coA, NADH and FADH2 molecules, which enters the Kreb's cycle to continue the process of cellular respiration.
B) is true. Phosphofructokinase is an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis. However, phosphofructokinase enzyme has been shown to be allosterically inhibited by ATP and citrate by reducing its ability to bind to its substrate (fructose-6-phosphate).
C) is true. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is a complex of enzymes that catalyzes the oxidation of pyruvate into ACETYL coA. This oxidation of pyruvate produces C02, acetyl coA and NADH molecules. Hence, the Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex can be inhibited by its own product (NADH) if produced in excessive amount.
D) is false because Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) is never broken down to enter the Kreb's cycle. DNA is a nucleic acid strictly for the storage of genetic information in a cell. It has no business with cellular respiration.
Apart from unlight, which i/are other ource of energy ued by ome living organim?
Apart from sunlight other sources of energy are- Geothermal energy, wind energy and biomass from plants.
Geothermal energy- The heat generated at the Earth's core is known as geothermal energy. Geothermal energy can be used to generate heat and electricity. It is a clean, renewable resource. Geothermal energy is heat produced by the Earth itself. (In Greek language geo means "earth" and thermal means "heat").Wind energy- Both "wind energy" and "wind power" refer to the method of using the wind to produce mechanical or electrical energy. This mechanical energy can be used for specific purposes, such as pumping water or grinding grain, or it can be converted into electricity using a generator. By turning the kinetic energy of moving air into electrical, wind is used to generate power. Wind drives the rotor blades of contemporary wind turbines, which converts kinetic energy into rotational energy.Biomass from plants- A renewable energy source known as biomass is produced by burning wood, plants, and other organic materials like manure or domestic garbage. Energy created or generated by living or formerly living creatures is known as biomass energy. Plants like the aforementioned corn and soy are the most prevalent types of biomass that are used for energy. These creatures' energy can be used to generate electricity or be burned to produce heat.Thus, apart from sunlight Geothermal energy, wind energy and biomass from plants are other sources of energy.
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What is the purpose of exhalation ?
Exhalation is known for the flow of the respiratory current out of the organism.
In general ,During inhalation, the ribs move up and outward and the diaphragm moves in. This causes the decrease in space of our chest cavity and the air rushes in.
On the other hand exhalation, occurs when the ribs moves down and inward and the diaphragm moves up. This movement increases the space in our chest cavity and the air is pushed out. Hence, exhalation occurs when intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax, and air is forced out of the lungs and air passages to remove carbon dioxide from the body.
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is biological control effective than chemical control of crop protection?
Answer:
No
Explanation:
There are different ways or methods of protecting crops from pest and disease infestation. Two of those ways as mentioned in this question are the chemical control and biological control. Biological control of crop protection involves the use of natural enemies of crop pests, which happens to be living or biotic organisms while chemical control entails the use of pesticides and herbicides to control crop pests and diseases.
Among these two methods, the chemical control is more effective because it yields instantaneous results and gets rid of pests and diseases faster. However, in terms of sustainability, the biological control method is more eco-friendly. Hence, based on this question, biological is not more effective than chemical control of crop protection.
Which process of genetic recombination involves genes from both parents?
- crossing over
- independent assortment
- fertilization
- tetrad formation
Fertilization is the process of genetic recombination, which comprise genes from both parents.
• The process of recombining genes to generate new gene combinations, which varies from those of either parent is known as genetic recombination.
• It produces genetic variation in the species, which reproduce sexually.
• The phenomenon takes place when the separation of genes takes place at the time of the formation of gamete in meiosis, the random combination of genes during fertilization, and the transfer of genes, which occurs between the chromosomes pairs in the process called crossing over.
• The combination of the two haploid gametes, that is, the oocyte and the spermatozoa from the mother and the father and giving rise to a diploid zygote is termed as fertilization.
Thus, it is the process of fertilization, which comprises recombination of genes from both the parents.
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Name the enzymatic reactions that turn a large substrate into two or more smaller products
Answer:
you have a question you can ask
Answer:
sugar
Explanation:
it among the amino acids
What is the structure for each macromolecule (what does each one look like?)
Answer:
Within cells, small organic molecules are joined together to form larger molecules. These large macromolecules may consist of thousands of covalently bonded atoms and weigh more than 100,000 daltons. The four major classes of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Indicate whether the glven act would create water retention or water loss In the body.
Dry mouth ~ Increased osmolarity of blood aldostorenone hyposecretion ~ Decreased renal tubular reabsorption of water Renin release ~ Hyponatremia
Increased blood pressure ~ Ingestion of water
ADH hypersecretion ~ Hyperkalemia
Increased water permeability of the DCT and collecting ducts of the kidneys ~ Hemorrhage
Exercise in a warm climate
ADH and testosterone increase the risk of heart and volume as the water is absorbed into the bloodstream into to the capillaries, bringing the blood salt concentration back to normal.
What does the renin enzyme do in response to a lower ph quilt in the kidney?An enzyme known as renin is released by kidney cells in response to low blood pressure. The kidneys reabsorb salt due to renin. Water retention is a constant side effect of sodium reabsorption. Blood pressure and volume are restored as a result.
Which hormone promotes water retention while guarding against dehydration?A deficiency of renin - angiotensin system (ADH), also known as prolactin, usually prevents hydration, or the kidneys and liver inability to react to ADH, are the two main causes of diabetes insipidus. The kidneys may hold onto the body's fluids thanks to ADH. The steroid.
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Polyploidy is the condition of having a multiple of the normal set of chromosomes. What does polyploidy result in? a. geographic isolation b. hybridization c. reproductive isolation d. mutation
Answer:
c.
Explanation:
c. reproductive isolation
what is another term for alcohol dependence ?A. alcohol poisoning B. alcohol withdrawal C. alcohol addiction
Another term for alcohol dependence is alcohol addiction. (option C)
Answer:
C alcohol addiction
Explanation:
what was the initial explanation for the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation therapy and chemotherapy as compared to normal cells?
Cancer cells that grow and then divide faster than the most normal cells. the Radiation works by causing small breaks in the DNA inside cells.
Cancer cells can break away from the original tumor and travel through the blood or lymphatic system to distant parts of the body, where they can leave blood vessels and form more tumors. This is called metastasis. Cancer is a disease caused by cells dividing uncontrollably and spreading to surrounding tissues. In adults, the type of cells that become cancerous are usually epithelial cells. Epithelial cells line the body cavities and cover the surface of the body. Cancer develops over time due to environmental exposure to these cells. The Science Surgery series answers questions about cancer science. Diana asked: "Could we all have cancer cells in our bodies?" The short answer to this question is, "Yes.
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What is the name of the thick filaments in the muscle fibers that help to contract muscles?
myosin
actin
ligaments
fascia
Answer: Myosin
Explanation: Sarcomeres are highly stereotyped and are repeated throughout muscle cells, and the proteins within them can change in length, which causes the overall length of a muscle to change. An individual sarcomere contains many parallel actin (thin) and myosin (thick) filaments.
How many of each element is in Na3Ag(S2O3)2?
Answer:
3 sodium, 6oxygen, 4 sulphur, 1silver
phytoplankton blooms: spring brings warmer temperatures and increased sunlight, creating a thermocline that traps nutrients at the ocean surface. this allows phytoplankton to absorb energy and take in the nutrients they need to photosynthesize and multiply. the warming of the surface layer keeps this water less dense, so it stays afloat. phytoplankton respond very quickly when the right conditions occur, growing and reproducing as soon as a slight stratification of the water column occurs. as phytoplankton continue thriving in the nutrient-rich surface zone where they receive sunlight, they may become so plentiful that the ocean waters turn green, brown, or red from the chlorophyll they contain. as the phytoplankton use up the available nutrients, however, they begin to die and drift to the bottom. as autumn begins, cooler days cause some vertical mixing that may bring nutrients up from below resulting in a relatively smaller fall bloom. once winter begins, plummeting temperatures and frequent storms cause heavy mixing. as phytoplankton do not remain at the surface in this mix, they do not have ready access to sunlight, so blooms do not occur in the winter. based on this information and the evidence for when stratification and a well mixed water column occur, which two months in 2012 would you hypothesize that phytoplankton blooms would occur in?
The two months in 2012 that we would hypothesize that phytoplankton blooms would occur in would be April and May.
Phytoplankton blooms occur when the population of a certain type of phytoplankton increases rapidly in an aquatic environment. This usually occurs when the environment is nutrient-rich, meaning there are plenty of nutrients available for the phytoplankton to consume and reproduce.
The reason this is considered a bloom is because such rapid growth can lead to large patches of green or brown algae floating on the surface of lakes and oceans. These blooms are beneficial and provide food for many animals, as well as help remove carbon dioxide from our atmosphere.
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In a rain forest, it is well known that 61% of water lizards have webbed-feet which provide the ability to walk on water. Furthermore, the gene for possessing webbed-feet is not hereditary and, thus, each water lizard is independent of others. A biologist randomly selects 25 water lizards from the rain forest. Let the random variable X count the number of water lizards out of the 25 who have webbed-feet. (a) State the distribution of the random variable defined above. (b) Compute the probability that exactly 17 of the 25 selected water lizards have webbed-feet. (c) Compute the probability that at least 17 of the 25 selected water lizards have webbed-feet. (d) Compute the mean and standard deviation for the number of water lizards out of 25 who have webbedfeet. Use both to describe the typical number of water lizards out of 25 who have webbed-feet. Report 6. Suppose the number of patients per week that visit a health center follows a Poisson distribution with a rate of 300 patients per week. Let the random variable X count the number of patients that visit the health center during a randomly selected week. (a) State the distribution of the random variable defined above. (b) Compute the probability that exactly 310 patients visit the health center during a randomly selected week. (c) Compute the probability that more than 280 patients visit the health center during a randomly selected week.
The distributions of the random variables in the given scenarios are (a) binomial for the water lizards and (b) Poisson for the health center visits. The probabilities can be calculated using the respective formulas for the corresponding distributions.
(a) The distribution of the random variable X, which counts the number of water lizards out of the 25 selected with webbed feet, follows a binomial distribution.
This is because each lizard can be considered as a Bernoulli trial (success: possessing webbed feet, failure: not possessing webbed feet) with a probability of success (p) equal to 61% or 0.61, and the trials are independent.
(b) To compute the probability that exactly 17 of the 25 selected water lizards have webbed feet, we can use the binomial probability formula.
The probability mass function (PMF) for the binomial distribution is given by P(X = k) = C(n, k) * p^k * (1-p)^(n-k), where C(n, k) represents the number of combinations of n items taken k at a time. Plugging in the values, we have P(X = 17) = C(25, 17) * 0.61^17 * (1-0.61)^(25-17).
(c) To compute the probability that at least 17 of the 25 selected water lizards have webbed feet, we need to calculate the cumulative probability from 17 to 25. This can be done by summing up the probabilities for each value of X from 17 to 25: P(X ≥ 17) = P(X = 17) + P(X = 18) + ... + P(X = 25).
(d) The mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) for the number of water lizards out of 25 who have webbed feet can be calculated using the formulas for the binomial distribution.
The mean is given by μ = n * p, where n is the number of trials (25) and p is the probability of success (0.61). The standard deviation is given by σ = sqrt(n * p * (1-p)).
Moving on to the second scenario:
(a) The distribution of the random variable X, which counts the number of patients that visit the health center during a randomly selected week, follows a Poisson distribution.
This is because the number of patients per week can be modeled as a Poisson process, where events (patient visits) occur independently and at a constant average rate (300 patients per week).
(b) To compute the probability that exactly 310 patients visit the health center during a randomly selected week, we can use the Poisson probability formula.
The probability mass function (PMF) for the Poisson distribution is given by P(X = k) = (e^(-λ) * λ^k) / k!, where λ is the average rate of the Poisson process (300 patients per week) and k is the number of events we are interested in (310 patients).
(c) To compute the probability that more than 280 patients visit the health center during a randomly selected week, we need to calculate the cumulative probability from 280 to infinity. This can be done by summing up the probabilities for each value of X from 280 to infinity: P(X > 280) = P(X = 281) + P(X = 282) + ... + P(X = ∞).
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In the movie “The Hunger Games,” the Capitol (a term used to refer to what we would call the government) produced genetically enhanced birds called jabber jays to spy on rebels. Unexpectedly, these birds bred with mockingbirds, creating a new hybrid bird called the mocking jay. The Capitol did not intend for this to happen, and the bird became a symbol of rebellion. What lessons can we draw about genetic engineering from these examples? Could a scenario like this, where a genetically engineered organism hybridizes with a wild animal or plant, happen in the real world? Why or why not?
Answer:
We can learn that crossing things that are not
together could lead to issues that could be avoided if not crossing them. Yes this could happen, it is possible to breed animals, like with dogs. Some breeds are more angry.
What is the cellular Structures present in all living cells
Answer:
All cells share four common components:
1.) A plasma membrane, an outer covering that separates the cell’s interior from its surrounding environment
2.) Cytoplasm, consisting of a jelly-like region within the cell in which other cellular components are found
3.) DNA, the genetic material of the cell
4.) Ribosomes, particles that synthesize proteins. However, prokaryotes differ from eukaryotic cells in several ways.
Identify the error in the sentence using the following abbreviations: MM (Misplaced Modifier), SM (Squinting Modifier), DM (Dangling Modifier) or FP (Faulty Parallelism). The rescue team almost arrived too late
The given sentence does not contain any errors regarding MM, SM, DM, or FP. The sentence is grammatically correct, and there are no modifiers or parallelism errors in it. It's a simple sentence with a subject, verb, and object, and there is no additional information to confuse the meaning.
The sequence shown above is the only one capable of establishing a coherent and cohesive text with the sentences shown above. Through this sequence we were able to form a text that tells a story and is efficient in its main function.
which is to transmit an understandable and easily identifiable message. The text tells the story of the narrator who was very nervous when performing his first solo, but managed to overcome his fears and accomplish this task.
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the following data shows four amino acids found across three species. which phylogenetic tree best represents the information in the chart?
The best phylogenetic tree to represent the information in the chart is a cladogram.
Which phylogenetic tree best represents the information in the chart?A cladogram is a branching diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between different species. In this case, the four amino acids can be represented by four branches on the cladogram. Each branch can represent a different species, with the four amino acids as nodes along the branch.The cladogram can be constructed in such a way that the amino acids at the nodes closest to the root (the base of the tree) are shared by all three species. This indicates that these are the most primitive amino acids, and that they were present in the common ancestor of all three species. As the branches move away from the root, they will represent the amino acids that are unique to each species. This indicates that these amino acids evolved in the species after they diverged from the common ancestor.This cladogram can help scientists determine which species are closely related and which are more distantly related. For example, if two species share the same amino acid at a certain node on the cladogram, then they are closely related. If two species have different amino acids at the same node, then they are more distantly related. This phylogenetic tree provides a visual representation of the evolutionary relationships between different species based on the amino acids they contain.To learn more about cladogram refer to:
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When DNA polymerase is in contact with adenine in the parent strand, what base does it add to the
growing daughter strand?
Answer:
Heterozygous
Explanation:
The polymerase in the parent is Dominent and can mask the recessive allele
Answer:
Cytosine
Explanation:
What are two pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang Theory?
1.
red shift of light and cosmic background radiation
2.
red shift of light and the different shapes of galaxies
3.
planetary motion and cosmic background radiation
4.
planetary motion and the different shapes of galaxies
Answer:
1
Explanation:
The two (2) pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang Theory are: 1. red shift of light and cosmic background radiation.
The Big Bang Theory can be defined as an explanation by astronomers to describe how the universe was formed or started. These group of astronomers posited and argued that the whole universe stretched from a single point and then expanded to the way or manner it is right now.
Basically, Georges Lemaître was the astronomer that stated the Big Bang Theory and some of the principles of the Big Bang Theory include;
The universe stretched from a single point.The universe continues to expand.According to the Big Bang Theory, cosmic background radiation is typically a radiation that permeates our universe (space). Also, a red shift of light is a phenomenon which describes how light changes as physical objects in space move across the universe.
In conclusion, the two (2) pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang Theory are:
1. Red shift of light.
2. Cosmic background radiation.
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although pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis and no more atp is generated by fermentation of pyruvate to ethanol, yeast produce ethanol under anaerobic conditions because
Pigouvian taxes (or corrective taxation) internalizes the externality by increasing the ______
and thus removing the inefficiency of the negative production externality.
Pigouvian taxes (or corrective taxation) internalizes the externality by increasing the cost of production, thus removing the inefficiency of the negative production externality.
A Pigouvian tax is a type of tax that is intended to reduce the negative externalities generated by a market by raising the cost of the goods or services that generate the externalities. When negative externalities arise, this sort of tax is frequently utilized by governments to make it more expensive to undertake harmful activities.
Some of the benefits of Pigouvian tax are: It promotes a cleaner environment by internalizing the cost of pollution. It can help to regulate the overall demand for a specific good or service. It can be a source of revenue for the government. A Pigouvian tax can incentivize producers to reduce pollution and take care of the environment. It creates an economic incentive for individuals to become more aware of the negative impacts their actions have on the environment.
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explain the difference between recessive and dominant disorders give an example of each
Answer:
dominant and recessive
Explanation:
dominant are more common and stronger while recessive is less likely to have
What type of muscle contracts and relaxes to control the movement of the contents within its structures