The annual demand of an appliance company is 8000 units. The production capacity is 200 units per day. Each time production starts, it costs the company $120 to move materials into place, reset the assembly line, and clean the equipment. The holding cost of a refrigerator is $50 per year. The current production plan calls for 400 refrigerators to be produced in each production run. Assume 250 working days per year. a) Compute the daily demand of this product. b) If the company were to continue to produce 400 units each time production starts, how many days would production continue? c) How many production runs per year would be required? What would the annual cost be? d) how many refrigerators would be in the inventory when production stops? What would be the average inventory level in this case? e) If the company produced 400 refrigerators at a time, what would the total annual set up cost and holding cost be?
Answers
Answer and Explanation:
The calculations and computations as per the question requirement are given below
a. Daily demand for this product is
Daily demand = Annual demand ÷ Working days per year
= 8,000 ÷ 250
= 32 units
b. The calculation of the number of days for continuing the production is
= current production plan calls ÷ production capacity
= 400 ÷ 200
= 2 days
c. The production runs per year required is
Number of production runs per year = Annual demand ÷ Production quantity
= 8,000 ÷ 400
= 20
d. In the case of production stops, the number of refrigerators and the average inventory is
But processing this first we have to find out the maximum inventory level which is
= Q × (1 - d ÷ p)
As
Q represents Production quantity
d represents daily demand
p represents production capacity
Therefore, the maximum inventory level is
= 400 × (1 - 32 ÷ 300)
= 400 × (1 - 0.16)
= 400 × 0.84
= 336 refrigerators
Hence, the average inventory is
= Maximyum inventory ÷ 2
= 336 refrigerators ÷ 2
= 168 refrigerators
e. The total annual set up cost and holding cost is
But before this, we need to compute it individually
Annual set up cost = Number of production runs per year × Set up cost
= 20 × $120
= $2,400
Annual holding cost = Average inventory level × Holding cost
= 168 × $50
= $8,400
Total annual set up cost and holding cost is
= $2,400 + $8,400
= $10,800
Related Questions
Match the vocabulary term with the correct definition.
Answers
2)risk matches to b)chance that things will turn out differently than expected
3)patent matches to a)something the government allows a person to make for a limited amount of time
4)regulation matches to e) rules that control the behavior of others
5)references matches to d) people who comment on a persons qualification and character
Assuming the cost of an associate leaving within 90 days is $3,000, what will be your facility's approximate cost of early turnover for this year?
A: 45000
B: 90000
C: 126000
D: 252000
Answers
The facility's approximate cost of early turnover for the year is $45,000.
What are the costs of turnover?The cost of turnover is the expense incurred when a position is changed. This estimate accounts for the costs of filling the role while it is vacant as well as those of hiring for the position, training the new hire, and providing any severance or bonus benefits. You should divide the total number of departures from your average monthly workforce by the total number of departures to begin your employee turnover estimate. Then multiply the sum by 100. You can figure out total turnover, voluntary turnover, and involuntary turnover.
Shift Number associate leaving Per associate cost Total cost
the facility within 90 days
A 8 $3,000 $24,000
B 5 $3,000 $15,000
C 2 $3,000 $6,000
D 0 $3,000 $30
Total coset = $24,000 + $15,000 + $6,000 + $0
Total cost = $45,000
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Which of the following describes the evaluation stage of the creative process?
generating alternative solutions and taking a break
defining the problem by looking for new angles and gathering others' opinions, feelings
and ideas
O allowing your subconscious to work on the problem and gaining new insight into the
solution
assessing the solution to make sure the idea is practicality
Answers
The correct option is D. Assessing the solution to make sure the idea is practical and best describes the evaluation stage of the creative process.
What is Evaluation?
Evaluation is the fourth stage out of five stages of a creative process during this stage validate your idea and weigh it against the alternative.
Thus, the validation of your idea and weighing it among the alternatives best describe an Evaluation.
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an Adjusted Trial Balance
Answers
Answer:
An adjusted trial balance is an internal document that summarizes all of the current balances available in general ledger accounting. The adjusted trial balance is prepared to show updated balances after adjusting entries have been made..
Explanation:
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Dawson Toys, Ltd., produces a toy called the Maze. The company has recently created a standard cost system to help control costs and has established the following standards for the Maze toy: Direct materials: 7 microns per toy at $0.32 per micron Direct labor: 1.2 hours per toy at $7.20 per hour During July, the company produced 4,600 Maze toys. The toy's production data for the month are as follows: Direct materials: 80,000 microns were purchased at a cost of $0.30 per micron. 39,750 of these microns were still in inventory at the end of the month. Direct labor: 5,920 direct labor-hours were worked at a cost of $46,768.
Required:
1. Compute the following variances for July:
a. The materials price and quantity variances
Material price variance ______
Material quantity variance ______
b. The labor rate and efficiency variances.
Labor rate variance _____
Labor efficiency variance ______
Answers
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
To calculate the direct material rate and quantity variance, we need to use the following formula:
Direct material price variance= (standard price - actual price)*actual quantity
Direct material price variance= (0.32 - 0.3)*80,000
Direct material price variance= $1,600 favorable
Direct material quantity variance= (standard quantity - actual quantity)*standard price
Direct material quantity variance= (7*4,600 - 40,250)*0.32
Direct material quantity variance= $2,576 unfavorable
To calculate the direct labor efficiency and rate variances, we need to use the following formulas:
Direct labor time (efficiency) variance= (Standard Quantity - Actual Quantity)*standard rate
Direct labor time (efficiency) variance= (1.2*4,600 - 5,920)*7.2
Direct labor time (efficiency) variance= $2,880 unfavorable
Direct labor rate variance= (Standard Rate - Actual Rate)*Actual Quantity
Direct labor rate variance= (7.2 - 7.9)*5,920
Direct labor rate variance= $4,144 unfavorable
Actual rate= 46,768/5,920= $7.9
Economic demand is?
A. the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at one price.
B. the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at various prices.
C.the amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to produce at various prices.
D. the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing but not able to buy at various prices.
Which of the following is correct?
Answers
The correct answer is B. Economic demand is the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at various prices.
It reflects the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity that consumers are willing to purchase at that price. Demand is influenced by factors such as price, consumer preferences, income levels, and availability of substitutes.
As the price of a product decreases, the quantity demanded generally increases, and vice versa, following the law of demand. The demand curve represents this relationship, showing the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at different price points.
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1. Demonstrate understanding of the value of auditing in an economy and theories explaining the demand for auditing;
2. Discuss the role of auditing and other assurance services in society and the public’s expectation for these services.
3. Describe issues associated with the audit of public sector, not-for-profit and small business entities.
4. Critically evaluate the professional, legal, ethical and regulatory framework within which audits and other assurance engagements are carried out,;
5. Discuss current developments in auditing.
6. Audits can be categorized into different types: Like; (1) financial statement audits, (2) compliance audits, (3) operational audits, and (4) forensic audits.
Required: For each of the following descriptions, indicate which type of audit (financial statement audit, compliance audit, operational audit, or forensic audit) best characterizes the nature of the audit being conducted. Also indicate which type of auditor (external auditor, internal auditor, government auditor, or forensic auditor) is likely to perform the audit engagement.
a. Determine the fair presentation of Ajax Chemical’s balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows.
b. Review the payment procedures of the accounts payable department for a large manufacturer.
c. Examine the financial records of a division of a corporation to determine if any accounting irregularities have occurred.
d. Evaluate a company’s computer services department in terms of the efficient and effective use of corporate resources.
e. Audit the partnership tax return of a real estate development company.
f. Investigate the possibility of payroll fraud in a labor union pension fund.
g. Examine contractual agreements with bankers and other lenders to be sure the company is complying with legal requirements
Answers
1. Auditing plays important role by providing assurance and credibility to financial statements which enhances investor confidence and promotes efficient allocation of resources.
Why is auditing important for the economy?Auditing is essential for the economy as it helps maintain trust and confidence in the financial information reported by businesses. By conducting independent assessments of financial statements, auditors provide assurance to stakeholders that the information is reliable and accurate.
This assurance is particularly valuable for investors, creditors, and other parties who rely on financial statements to make informed decisions. Auditing also helps detect and prevent fraud, mismanagement, and other financial irregularities and thereby safeguarding the integrity of the financial system.
2. Auditing and other assurance services play a vital role in society by providing independent evaluations of financial statements and other information enhancing the reliability and credibility of financial reporting.
3. Issues associated with the audit of public sector, not-for-profit, and small business entities include unique reporting requirements, limited resources etc.
4. The professional, legal, ethical, and regulatory framework surrounding audits and assurance engagements should be critically evaluated to ensure independence, competence, integrity, adherence to standards, and the protection of public interest.
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When travelling to remote locations, it is often helpful to bring cash, in case you want to buy something from someone who does not accept credit or debit cards.
a. True
b. False
Answers
Explanation: it is better to have cash than credit cards because not all the sellers out there have a credit card entrance so cash could se more use full than credit cards. But you always have to be prepared so just bring both. Hope this helps
a. Edison is opening a clothing shop in the Old Town Boutique District in Alexandria, Virginia, near several other small fashion stores; this is an example of_____________.
b. The television program, Flip or Flop, features Tarek and Christina El Moussa, a couple who started their own business buying dilapidated houses, repairing them, and then selling them for a profit. This process is known as ___________ flipping.
c. The El Moussas are_____________because they were actively involved in developing the new business.
Answers
Answer: a. Entrepreneurship
b. House flipping
c. Entrepreneurs
Explanation:
a. Entrepreneurship
The scenario involved is an example of entrepreneurship. This is when a business is set up with the owner taking financial risks so as to meet the needs of the people and make profit as well.
b. House flipping
House flipping involves purchasing buying dilapidated houses, or old buildings , renovating and repairing them, and then sell them for a profit. This is what Tarek and Christina El Moussa does.
c. Entrepreneurs
The El Moussas are regarded as entrepreneurs because they were actively involved in developing the new business. They're the owners and control every other resources, take risks and make decisions.
The designer department received 4 dresses in style 1 436 that retailed for R
$400.00 each. All 4 dresses were reduced to $280.00 each before they were sold. What was the markdown percent on this style?
Answers
Answer:
30%.
Explanation:
i dont have an explanation i just use the calculator for it.
Critically discuss SIX causes of differences in accounting practices used in different countries.
You must discuss, with relevant examples, how a particular factor contributes to or leads to a particular difference in accounting practices.
Answers
Answer:
Six causes of differences in accounting practices used in different countries is explained below with detail explanation.
Explanation:
The following are six problems of the variation in Accounting practice practiced in different nations.
Environmental FactorsLegal SystemsCultural DifferenceTaxationFinance providersInflationLegal System :
The legal system of a nation performs an essential role in the development of Accounting policies.
Taxation :
In some countries, Accounting and Taxation are dependent on each other. Whereas in other countries they are independent.
Inflation :
Inflation doesn't remain the same for every country. Uniform accounting practice cannot be followed because of this reason.
Cultural Differences/Diversity :
Cultural diversity plays a pivotal role in the Accounting practice of each country. Cultural practices lead to different practices being followed across the globe.
Environmental Factors :
Many countries have started to incorporate environmental Accounting in their financial statements.
what are factors may affect in Planning process
Answers
The factors that may affect in the planning process include economic conditions, availability of quality information, etc.
What is planning?It should be noted that planning simply means the steps that are put in place to achieve a particular goal.
In this case, the factors that may affect in the planning process include economic conditions, availability of quality information, etc.
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the concept of limited liability posits that
Answers
Answer:
see below
Explanation:
Limited liability is a feature of a corporation, limited liability company, and some partnerships. The feature protects shareholder's and member's assets from being used to settle business debts. The limited liability feature gives investors the confidence to invest in a business.
The limited liability feature affirms that the amount of their share contribution limits the liability of a shareholder. Should a business fail to meet its debts obligations, shareholders' assets can not be used to settle the debt. The limited liability feature validates that the company and its owners are separate and distinct entities.
How can a Project Manager void project team cohesiveness?
Hands-On/Hands-Off approach
Ease up and less-intense attitude
Invoke Task Urgency
Make communicating and collaboration simplistic
Use micromanagement
Answers
A project manager can potentially undermine project team cohesiveness by adopting certain approaches or behaviors. Here are five ways that a project manager could contribute to a lack of cohesiveness within the team:
How can a Project Manager void project team cohesiveness?Hands-Off Approach: If the project manager adopts a hands-off approach and fails to provide clear direction, guidance, or support to the team members, it can lead to confusion and a lack of unity among team members.
Ease Up and Less-Intense Attitude: If the project manager displays a lack of commitment or enthusiasm towards the project, it can negatively impact the motivation and engagement of the team. This can result in reduced collaboration and cohesiveness.
Invoking Task Urgency: While a sense of urgency is necessary for project success, excessive and unrealistic pressure on the team to constantly rush tasks and meet aggressive deadlines can lead to stress, burnout, and a breakdown in team cohesiveness.
Simplistic Communication and Collaboration: If the project manager does not facilitate effective communication and collaboration channels, such as regular team meetings, sharing of information, and fostering an environment of open dialogue, it can hinder the team's ability to work together cohesively.
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importance of constitutional law to Ghana's development
Answers
The importance of constitutional law to Ghana's development is it establishes the structure, procedures, powers and duties of the government, structure of the judiciary and legislature, and spells out the fundamental rights and duties of citizens.
What is constitutional law?It is body of law based on a ratified constitution or similar formative charter dealing with the fundamental principles by which a government exercises its authority. The the body of rules, doctrines, and practices that govern the operation of political communities is known as constitutional law.
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Answer:
According to the case, the five kinds of share are directly relevant and can be calculated from the provided information are:
1. Authorized Capital
2. Issued Capital
3. Un-issued Capital
4. Subscribed Capital
5. Called-up Capital
Explanation:
Authorized Capital:
The authorized capital is known as the registered capital of the company, Authorized capital is the maximum amount of share that a company is authorized to issuing share to its shareholders.
In this case, the Alpha limited company registered on 5th January 2023 with the capital of 500,000 which is divided into 25,000 ordinary shares and the value of each share is Rs. 20.
Issued Capital:
The issued share capital of company is monetary value of shares which legally offers by company to its shareholders.
In this case, the Alpha limited company on 20th of January offered for sale to the public from authorized capital. The company put forward 15,000 and the value of each share is 20 Rs. Consequently, the company’s issued capital is 300,000 Rs (15,000 shares x 20 Rs.) .
Un-issued Capital:
The un-issued share capital reflects the part of authorized capital stock that the company has not yet issued to the public.
In this case, the Alpha limited company has not issued his 10,000 shares, and the value of each share is 20 Rs so its total un-issued capital is Rs. 200,000 (10,000 shares x 20 Rs.).
Subscribed Capital:
The subscribed capital is the portion of issued capital for which the public has been subscribed and the company has accepted.
In this case, the Alpha limited company on 23rd January received applications for 14,500 shares from the public which informed by company’s bank, so the subscribed capital is Rs. 290,000 (14,500 shares x 20 Rs.).
Answers
The five kinds of capital that are directly relevant are:
Authorized Capital: Rs. 500,000Issued Capital: Rs. 300,000Un-issued Capital: Rs. 200,000Subscribed Capital: Rs. 290,000Called-up Capital: Rs. 290,000What is a called-up capital?The called-up capital refers to the portion of the subscribed capital that the company has demanded and the shareholders are required to pay.
In this case, the Alpha limited company called up the entire subscribed capital of Rs. 290,000 on 25th January. Therefore, the called-up capital is also Rs. 290,000.
Summarily,
- Authorized Capital: Rs. 500,000
- Issued Capital: Rs. 300,000
- Un-issued Capital: Rs. 200,000
- Subscribed Capital: Rs. 290,000
- Called-up Capital: Rs. 290,000
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Forward Co. discarded a machine that cost $5,000 and was fully depreciated. The entry to record this transaction would include a credit to the
account.
Answers
Based on the fact that Forward Co. discarded a machine with cost $5,000, the entry to record this transaction in the books would include a credit to Machinery.
How do you dispose of fixed assets?When fixed assets are to be disposed of, the accumulated depreciation upt to that point is looked at to calculate the net book value.
This would then show the company if they made a profit or a loss when they sold the fixed asset with a profit being made when the selling price is higher than the net book value.
Regardless of the price the fixed asset is sold at, the company would record a credit to the fixed asset (machinery) account to show that the fixed asset account is decreasing.
In conclusion, there will be a credit to machinery.
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7) Using a fictional product or service, create a simple business plan by
answering the three questions business owners must consider.
The three questions a business owners must consider are;
1 What good will be produced?
2 How should it be produced?
3 For whom should it be produced?
What good will you produce, or what service will you provide?
Answers
Answer:
i will make legos
It will be produced in a production facility in denmark
will be produced for all genders ages 5+
Explanation:
Using a fictional product, my simple business plan would be based on these economic theories that is what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce.
What to produce – I will produce herbal hair shampoo.How to produce – I would use both labor intensive and machine incentive techniques equally for production.Whom to produce- The core niche would be the women aged between 15 to 60.What is a business plan?A business plan is a written strategy that outlines the objectives and strategies for accomplishing the objectives of the business. It describes a company's go-to-market strategy, financial forecasts, market analysis, corporate objectives, and mission statement. The business plan may also include a timeframe and information about key personnel who are in charge of reaching the objectives.
A business plan is a crucial document intended for both internal and external audiences of a company. For instance, before a business has built a solid track record, a business plan is utilized to entice investment. Securing financing from financial entities might also be beneficial.
A business plan serves three purposes: it explains the organization's strategy to execute it over the long term, obtains funding from investors, and aids in projecting future company demands.
What is an economic theory?An economic theory is a body of concepts and precepts that describes how various economies operate. An economist may use theories in many ways depending on their specific function. For instance, some theories seek to explain certain economic phenomena, such inflation or supply and demand, as well as the reasons behind them.
Economic theories seek to analyze the causes and effects of economic occurrences, as well as the optimal course of action for influencing or resolving them. They are an extensive set of presumptions, theories, definitions, and guidelines on what should be done in various economic circumstances. Positive and normative approaches to economic theory are the two main categories.
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In Fiscal Year, 20XX Hong Hah manufacturing company producing A product, had information on Inventories Account as follows:
Direct Materials, Begging balance 78.000
Work in process, Begging balance 150.000
Finished Goods, Begging balance 186.000
Work in process, Ending balance 90.000
Direct Materials, Ending balance 144.000
Finished Goods, Ending balance 204.000
During 20XX, the manufacturing cost was incurred as bellows:
(1). Raw materials
£ 318.000
(2) Direct labour
€ 456,000
(3) Manufacturing Overhead
+ Indirect material € 14.400
+ Indirect labour € 31.200
+ Depreciation on plant and equipment € 114.000
+ Utilities £ 32.400
+ Others € 36.000
Additional Information, In 20XX, Sales revenues was € 1,320,0000 for the year. Selling and administrative expenses for the year amounted to € 138,000.
The corporate income tax rate is 30%.
Required
1. Prepare Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured for the year 20XX
2. Prepare Schedule of Cost of Goods Sold for the year 20XX
3. Prepare Statement of Profit or Loss for the year 20XX
Answers
Calculate the Cost of Goods Manufactured:
Direct Materials Used:
Beginning Balance of Direct Materials + Purchases - Ending Balance of Direct Materials
= £78,000 + £318,000 - £144,000
= £252,000
Total Manufacturing Costs:
Direct Materials Used + Direct Labour + Manufacturing Overhead
= £252,000 + €456,000 + €14,400 + €31,200 + €114,000 + £32,400 + €36,000
= €987,800
Total Manufacturing Costs + Beginning Work in Process Inventory
= €987,800 + €150,000
= €1,137,800
Cost of Goods Manufactured:
Total Manufacturing Costs + Beginning Work in Process Inventory - Ending Work in Process Inventory
= €1,137,800 - €90,000
= €1,047,800
Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold:
Cost of Goods Available for Sale:
Beginning Finished Goods Inventory + Cost of Goods Manufactured
= €186,000 + €1,047,800
= €1,233,800
Cost of Goods Sold:
Cost of Goods Available for Sale - Ending Finished Goods Inventory
= €1,233,800 - €204,000
= €1,029,800
Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss:
Sales Revenue: €1,320,000
Cost of Goods Sold: €1,029,800
Gross Profit: Sales Revenue - Cost of Goods Sold
= €1,320,000 - €1,029,800
= €290,200
Selling and Administrative Expenses: €138,000
Operating Profit: Gross Profit - Selling and Administrative Expenses
= €290,200 - €138,000
= €152,200
Corporate Income Tax: 30% of Operating Profit
= 0.30 * €152,200
= €45,660
Net Profit: Operating Profit - Corporate Income Tax
= €152,200 - €45,660
= €106,540
Now, let's summarize the results in the requested formats:
1. Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured for the year 20XX:
Direct Materials Used £252,000
Direct Labour €456,000
Manufacturing Overhead:
Indirect Material €14,400
Indirect Labour €31,200
Add: Cost of Goods Manufactured €1,047,800
Cost of Goods Available for Sale €1,233,800
Less: Ending Finished Goods Inventory €204,000
Cost of Goods Sold €1,029,800
2. Statement of Profit or Loss.
Schedule of Cost of Goods Sold for the year 20XX:
Beginning Finished Goods: £186,000
Add: Cost of Goods Manufactured: £1,133,600
Cost of Goods Available for Sale: £1,319,600
Less: Ending Finished Goods: £204,000
Cost of Goods Sold: £1,115,600
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Basics Ltd reported current liabilities of R3 000 and a quick ratio of 1,2. The company has current assets of R6 000. If the company reports the cost of goods sold at R4 000 for the given year, what is the inventory turnover?
Answers
The inventory turnover for the given year is 3.33, calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average inventory of R1200.
To calculate the inventory turnover, we first need to determine the inventory value. We can use the quick ratio formula to find the inventory amount.Quick ratio = (Current assets - Inventory) / Current liabilitiesRearranging the formula, we have: Inventory = Current assets - Quick ratio * Current liabilitiesSubstituting the given values, we have:Inventory = R6000 - 1.2 * R3000Inventory = R6000 - R3600Inventory = R2400The inventory value is R2400. To calculate the inventory turnover, we divide the cost of goods sold by the average inventory. In this case, the cost of goods sold is given as R4000. The average inventory is the sum of the beginning and ending inventory divided by 2. Since we don't have information about the beginning and ending inventory, we can assume they are equal, resulting in an average inventory of R2400/2 = R1200.Inventory turnover = Cost of goods sold / Average inventoryInventory turnover = R4000 / R1200Inventory turnover = 3.33Therefore, the inventory turnover for the given year is 3.33.For more questions on inventory
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All of the following options are different factors that affect how much of an item you purchase EXCEPT...
A.How long it stays fresh
B.How often you eat that item
C.How many people are eating
D.How hungry you are while you are shopping
Answers
What is the correct strategy the Alexandra must used to deliver it negative message
Answers
Alexandra should follow the strategy of breaking the news gently and providing adequate justification for the negative decision
When delivering negative news, One commonly recommended strategy is the "ABCDE" approach, which stands for:
A: Announce the decision: Begin by clearly and directly stating the negative news. This should be done in a gentle and empathetic manner, such as by expressing regret for the negative outcome.
B: Provide a positive buffer: After announcing the decision, provide a positive buffer or compliment that helps prepare the recipient for the negative news. This is an opportunity to show empathy and understanding, and to provide hope or encouragement for the future.
C: Give the reason for the decision: Next, provide a clear and detailed explanation for the negative decision. Be honest and transparent, and provide any relevant details that will help the recipient understand why the decision was made.
D: Discuss the consequences: Discuss the consequences of the decision, including any potential impacts on the recipient or others involved. Be sure to address any concerns or questions that may arise.
E: End on a positive note: Finally, end the message on a positive note, perhaps by expressing appreciation for the recipient's work or suggesting alternative solutions to the problem.
Overall, the key to delivering negative news effectively is to show empathy and understanding, be honest and transparent, and provide adequate justification for the decision. By following this approach, Alexandra can deliver the negative message in a respectful and professional manner that helps to minimize the impact on the recipient.
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Based on your research, complete the following:
Discuss how your selected country's culture impacts the ethical reasoning of its people.
Describe how the country's ethical reasoning might disrupt global business.
Answers
Culture can significantly impact ethical reasoning, creating conflicts between different cultural norms and values that can disrupt global business, but a nuanced and culturally sensitive approach can help companies navigate these challenges.
Culture can have a significant impact on ethical reasoning, as it shapes people's values, beliefs, and attitudes towards different ethical issues. For example, in some cultures, there may be a strong emphasis on individualism and personal achievement, while in others, collectivism and group harmony may be prioritized. This can lead to different perspectives on issues such as corporate responsibility, environmental sustainability, and human rights.
In some cases, a country's ethical reasoning can disrupt global business by creating conflicts between different cultural norms and values. For example, a company that operates in a country with a strong emphasis on individualism may struggle to meet the expectations of stakeholders in a country with a more collectivist culture. Similarly, a company that operates in a country with a lax regulatory environment may face criticism and backlash from stakeholders in countries with stronger regulatory standards.
One specific example of cultural differences impacting global business can be seen in the case of labor standards. In some countries, there may be a cultural acceptance of low wages and poor working conditions, which can create challenges for companies that operate in those countries and are subject to pressure from consumers and investors to improve labor standards. At the same time, companies that prioritize high labor standards in countries with low cultural expectations may face challenges in maintaining profitability and competitiveness.
Overall, understanding the cultural factors that shape ethical reasoning is important for global businesses to navigate the complex ethical and social issues that arise in different contexts. By taking a nuanced and culturally sensitive approach, companies can build trust and credibility with stakeholders while also maintaining a competitive edge in the global marketplace.
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Pizza International, Incorporated, reported the following information (in thousands):
Operating Activities
Net Income $ 100
Depreciation 33,305
Increase in receivables 170
Decrease in inventory 643
Increase in prepaid expenses 664
Decrease in accounts payable 8,720
Increase in accrued liabilities 719
Decrease in income taxes payable 2,721
Payments on notes payable 12,691
Cash paid for equipment 29,073
The following is the summarized income statement for Pizza International, Incorporated (in thousands):
Revenues $ 143,551
Cost of Sales 45,500
Gross Profit 98,051
Salary and Wages Expense 56,835
Depreciation 33,305
Office Expense 7,781
Net Income before Income Tax Expense 130
Income Tax Expense 30
Net Income $ 100
Required:
Based on this information, compute cash flow from operating activities using the direct method. Assume Prepaid Expenses and Accrued Liabilities relate to office expenses.
What was the primary reason that Pizza International was able to report large positive cash flow from operations despite nearly having a net loss?
Answers
The combination of adding back non-cash expenses, decreases in working capital accounts, and a decrease in inventory contributed to the large positive cash flow from operations despite nearly having a net loss.
To compute cash flow from operating activities using the direct method, we need to analyze the changes in different balance sheet accounts. Let's go step by step:
Step 1: Calculate Cash Flows from Operating Activities using the Direct Method
- Start with net income: $100,000
- Add back depreciation: $33,305
- Subtract the increase in receivables: $170
- Add the decrease in inventory: -$643 (Note: decrease is subtracted)
- Subtract the increase in prepaid expenses: -$664
- Add the decrease in accounts payable: -$8,720 (Note: decrease is subtracted)
- Subtract the increase in accrued liabilities: -$719
- Add the decrease in income taxes payable: -$2,721
- Subtract payments on notes payable: -$12,691
- Subtract cash paid for equipment: -$29,073
Cash flow from operating activities using the direct method: $99,464
Step 2: Analyzing the reason for positive cash flow from operations despite a net loss
The primary reason that Pizza International was able to report large positive cash flow from operations despite nearly having a net loss is due to non-cash expenses, such as depreciation, which is added back to net income. Depreciation is a non-cash expense that reduces net income but does not involve actual cash outflow. Therefore, adding back depreciation increases the cash flow from operating activities.
Additionally, there were decreases in working capital accounts, such as accounts payable and income taxes payable, which led to a positive impact on cash flow from operating activities. The decrease in accounts payable and income taxes payable means that Pizza International paid off its liabilities, resulting in a decrease in cash outflow.
Furthermore, there was a decrease in inventory, which also positively impacted cash flow from operating activities. Decreasing inventory reduces the amount of cash tied up in unsold goods.
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Blossom Corporation’s balance sheet at the end of 2019 included the following items.
Current assets (Cash $82,000) $236,770 Current liabilities $151,770
Land 31,770 Bonds payable 101,770
Buildings 121,770 Common stock 181,770
Equipment 91,770 Retained earnings 45,770
Accum. depr.-buildings (31,770 ) Total $481,080
Accum. depr.-equipment (11,000 )
Patents 41,770
Total $481,080
The following information is available for 2020.
1. Net income was $55,870.
2. Equipment (cost $21,770 and accumulated depreciation $9,770) was sold for $11,770.
3. Depreciation expense was $5,770 on the building and $10,770 on equipment.
4. Patent amortization was $2,500.
5. Current assets other than cash increased by $29,000. Current liabilities increased by $14,770.
6. An addition to the building was completed at a cost of $28,770.
7. A long-term investment in stock was purchased for $16,000.
8. Bonds payable of $51,770 were issued.
9. Cash dividends of $30,000 were declared and paid.
10. Treasury stock was purchased at a cost of $11,000.
Prepare a statement of cash flows for 2020. (Show amounts that decrease cash flow with either a - sign e.g. -15,000 or in parenthesis e.g. (15,000).)
Prepare a balance sheet at December 31, 2020. (Show only totals for current assets and current liabilities.) (List Property, Plant and Equipment in order of Land, Building and Equipment.)
Thanks in advance!
Answers
The preparation of a statement of cash flows and balance sheet for 2020 for Blossom Corporation is as follows:
1. BlossomCorporation Corporation
Statement of Cash FlowsFor the year ended December 31, 2020
Operating Activities:Net Income $55,870
Add Non-Cash Expense:
Loss from sale of equipment 230
Depreciation Expenses 16,540
Amortization Expense 2,500
Adjusted cash $75,140
Changes in working capital:
Increase in current assets (29,000)
Increase in current liabilities 14,770
Cash from operations $60,910
Investment Activities:Sale of equipment $11,770
Building cost (28,770)
Investment in stock (16,000)
Cash from investments ($33,000)
Financing Activities:Bonds payable $51,770
Dividends payment (30,000)
Treasury stock (11,000)
Cash from financing $10,770
Net cash flow $38,680
2. Blossom Corporation
Balance Sheet at the end of 2020Current assets $304,450
Land $31,770
Buildigs $150,540
Equipment $70,000
Accum. depr.-buildings ($37,540)
Accum. depr.-equipment ($12,000)
Long-term stock investment 16,000
Patents 41,770
Amortization of Patents (2,500)
Total assets $562,490
Current liabilities $166,540
Bonds payable $153,540
Common stock $170,770
Retained earnings $71,640
Total liabilities + Equity $562,490
What are Statements of Cash Flows and Balance Sheets?Statements of cash flows and balance sheets are two of the main financial statements prepared periodically by an entity.
The statement of cash flows shows the cash flows from operating, investing, and financial activities.
The balance sheet shows the financial position (assets, liabilities, and equity) of an entity at a point.
Data and Calculations:Blossom Corporation
Balance Sheet at the end of 2019Current assets
(Cash $82,000) $236,770 Current liabilities $151,770
Land 31,770 Bonds payable 101,770
Buildings 121,770 Common stock 181,770
Equipment 91,770 Retained earnings 45,770
Accum. depr.-buildings (31,770 ) Total $481,080
Accum. depr.-equipment (11,000 )
Patents 41,770
Total $481,080
Ending Cash balance = $120,680 ($82,000 + 38,680)
Current assets = $304,450 (236,770 + $29,000 + $38,680)
Land = $31,770
Buildigs = $150,540 ($121,770 + $28,770)
Equipment = $70,000 ($91,770 - $21,770)
Accum. depr.-buildings = $37,540 (31,770 + 5,770)
Accum. depr.-equipment = $12,000 (11,000 - 9,770 + 10,770)
Long-term stock investment 16,000
Patents 41,770
Amortization of Patents (2,500)
Current liabilities $166,540 (151,770 + 14,770)
Bonds payable $153,540 (101,770 + 51,770)
Common stock $170,770 (181,770 - 11,000)
Retained earnings $71,640 (45,770 + $55,870 - 30,000)
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How is business important to a nation?
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Answer:
Business is extremely important to a country's economy because businesses provide both goods and services and jobs. ... Businesses are also the means by which many people get their jobs.
Explanation:
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Selling Something People Could Get for FREE". Is it possible? Comment with example.
Answers
Answer:
yes its possible. You could sell dirt
Which decision model in coporates the uncertainty element
Answers
Answer: A decision model that incorporates the uncertainty element is the Bayesian Network. Bayesian Networks are probabilistic graphical models used for reasoning under uncertainty and for making decisions. They are composed of nodes that represent variables and edges that represent the relationships between them. They use probability theory to calculate the probability of certain events occurring given certain conditions. Bayesian Networks are useful for making decisions in uncertain environments, as they allow for the incorporation of prior knowledge, uncertainty, and dynamic changes in the environment.
Jake is the manager of a cafe in Houston Texas. Jake opened a bank account under the cafe name
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Jake’s Finer Foods is a family-owned, Houston-based broadline distributor and food supplier delivering quality food, exceptional service and custom solutions to foodservice providers throughout Texas and Louisiana since 1946.
Jake’s services a wide range of industry segments, including independent restaurant operators, multi-unit chains, retail grocery, daycares, caterers and corporate cafeterias. Its complete line of product offerings also includes fresh-cut, premium meats from Gourmet Ranch, Jake’s exclusive custom butcher shop.
From its simple and humble start selling eggs door-to-door, to today tapping into global trends, and national and local brands, Jake’s Finer Foods is a thriving family business that is led by faith – impacting lives and helping others achieve their goals.
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Northern Star sells several products. Information of average revenue and costs is as follows: Selling price per unit $20.00 Variable costs per unit: Direct material $4.00 Direct manufacturing labor $1.60 Manufacturing overhead $0.40 Selling costs $2.00 Annual fixed costs $96,000 The company sells 12,000 units at the end of the year. 7) If direct labor and direct material costs increase by $1 each, contribution margin ________.
Answers
Northern Star sells several products. Information of average revenue and costs. The contribution margin per unit is $ 12.
What do you mean by the contribution margin?A gross or per-unit basis might be used to express the contribution margin. It indicates the additional revenue made for each product or unit sold after the variable element of the business's costs have been subtracted.
The selling price per unit less the variable cost per unit is the contribution margin.
Here,
Calculation of contribution margin:
Total Variable cost = Direct material + Direct manufacturing labor + Manufacturing overhead + Selling costs
Total Variable cost = 4 + 1.60 + 0.40 + 2
Total Variable cost = 8
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price - Total Variable cost
Contribution margin per unit = $ 20 - $8
Contribution margin per unit = $12
Therefore, Northern Star sells several products. Information of average revenue and costs. The contribution margin per unit is $ 12.
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