technician a says increasing the reid vapor pressure (rvp) will help the engine start easier in cold weather. technician b says increasing the rvp will increase the possibility of fuel boiling (vapor lock) in summer driving. who is correct?
Answers
The technician in B is right. In summer driving, raising RVP will increase the likelihood of gasoline boiling or vapour lock. When the fuel system's gasoline vaporises and produces a gas bubble, vapour lock happens.
Most exhaust gas analyzers can measure what?Automobile exhaust gas analyzers are multi-gas analyzers that can detect carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), fuel-dependent hydrocarbons (HC), oxygen, and HC infrared (NDIR) (O2).
Which of the following could be brought on by insufficient EGR flow?The engine might not idle if the EGR valve were to be open constantly. Combustion temperatures might increase under acceleration and load circumstances if there is insufficient or no EGR flow. As an example: Jump Knock (detonation).
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Related Questions
Implement the following Matlab code:
x=zeros(10,128);
t1=[0:1/128:1-1/128];
z=cos(2*pi*2*t1);
x(1,:)=z;
x=reshape(x,1,1280);
figure(1);
plot(x)
Examine Figure 1 – what does it “look like”? Zoom in. Take the FFT of x and explain what you see.
Manipulate the FFT and perform the IFFT to create a signal which is a continuous (i.e. no interpolating zeroes) sinusoid in the “time” domain. Explain the amplitude of the sinusoid.
Answers
The amplitude of the sinusoid is 28384 *x soít cos.
What is amplitude?Amplitude is defined as the greatest deviation from equilibrium of a point on a vibrating body or wave in terms of displacement or distance traveled. In most cases, amplitude is calculated by looking at a wave graph and determining the height of the wave from rest. The strength or intensity of the wave is gauged by its amplitude.
Sinusoid is defined as a signal with sine wave characteristics. In the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, sinusoids and irregular tubules transport blood in place of venules and capillaries. The sine or cosine functions from trigonometry form the foundation of sinusoidal signals, which are periodic functions.
Thus the amplitude of the sinusoid is 28384 *x soít cos.
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What is wrong with the following code?
6
print (what is your name?)
Answers
Answer:
pakipic na lang po question nyo para masagot po
Explanation:
please po di ko masyado gets po e
it is simple the title name after all it is just asking your name
If a construction company is considering a new type of material to use in their construction, which factors would they
focus on? (Select all that apply.)
that the new material does the same thing as an existing material but better
that the new material does the same thing as an existing material but cheaper
that the science behind the material be familiar to and understood by its employees
that the properties of the new material meet their construction needs
Answers
I would honestly select every one of the given options. Gor a company evaluating this new material it would be very valuable to hit each of these factors.
Calculate the compression resistance of a compound column consisting of UC-305x305x198 with one cover plate
of 350mm x 20mm on each flange and having a length of 5m. assume that bottom of column is fixed and top is
pinned in both x & y axis?
Answers
Answer:
350×305π{^ not sure my answer please follow me
The no-load current of a transformer is 4.0 A at 0.25 p.f. when supplied at 250-V, 50 Hz. The number of turns on the primary winding is 200. Calculate the core loss component
Answers
The core loss component is 250W.
What is core loss?The term core loss refers to the total energy lost in the production of heat. Core loss is the loss due to the changing magnetization of the magnetic core, which is the sum of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss.
Core losses have two main causes ohmic or Joule heating caused by eddy currents induced by a changing magnetic field in a conducting medium, and losses due to cyclic reversals of magnetization in ferromagnetic materials, which are proportional to the area of the magnet. field hysteresis loop. Core loss is often measured using the Epstein frame method, which includes a primary and secondary coil.
therefore , by using this formula core loss can be calculated as
W =\(V_{1} I_{0}\)cosФ₀
= 250x 4x 0.25
= 250W.
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Find E[x] when x is sum of two fair dice?
Answers
Answer:
When two fair dice are rolled, 6×6=36 observations are obtained.
P(X=2)=P(1,1)=
36
1
P(X=3)=P(1,2)+P(2,1)=
36
2
=
18
1
P(X=4)=P(1,3)+P(2,2)+P(3,1)=
36
3
=
12
1
P(X=5)=P(1,4)+P(2,3)+P(3,2)+P(4,1)=
36
4
=
9
1
P(X=6)=P(1,5)+P(2,4)+P(3,3)+P(4,2)+P(5,1)=
36
5
P(X=7)=P(1,6)+P(2,5)+P(3,4)+P(4,3)+P(5,2)+P(6,1)=
36
6
=
6
1
P(X=8)=P(2,6)+P(3,5)+P(4,4)+P(5,3)+P(6,2)=
36
5
P(X=9)=P(3,6)+P(4,5)+P(5,4)+P(6,3)=
36
4
=
9
1
P(X=10)=P(4,6)+P(5,5)+P(6,4)=
36
3
=
12
1
P(X=11)=P(5,6)+P(6,5)=
36
2
=
18
1
P(X=12)=P(6,6)=
36
1
Therefore, the required probability distribution is as follows.
Then, E(X)=∑X
i
⋅P(X
i
)
=2×
36
1
+3×
18
1
+4×
12
1
+5×
9
1
+6×
36
5
+7×
6
1
+8×
36
5
+9×
9
1
+10×
12
1
+11×
18
1
+12×
36
1
=
18
1
+
6
1
+
3
1
+
9
5
+
6
5
+
6
7
+
9
10
+1+
6
5
+
18
11
+
3
1
=7
E(X
2
)=∑X
i
2
⋅P(X
i
)
=4×
36
1
+9×
18
1
+16×
12
1
+25×
9
1
+36×
36
5
+49×
6
1
+64×
36
5
+81×
9
1
+100×
12
1
+121×
18
1
+144×
36
1
=
9
1
+
2
1
+
3
4
+
9
25
+5+
6
49
+
9
80
+9+
3
25
+
18
121
+4
=
18
987
=
6
329
=54.833
Then, Var(X)=E(X
2
)−[E(X)]
2
=54.833−(7)
2
=54.833−49
=5.833
∴ Standard deviation =
Var(X)
=
5.833
=2.415
Determine the horsepower required to compress 1 lbm/min of ethylene oxide from 70 oF and 1 atm to 250 psia. The compressor has an efficiency of 75%. The molar heat capacity of ethylene oxide is given by Cp
Answers
Complete Question:
Problem 8 Determine the horsepower required to compress 1 lbm/min of ethylene oxide from 70 °F and 1 atm to 250 psia. The compressor has an efficiency of 75%. The molar heat capacity of ethylene oxide is given by
C_p=10.03+0.0184T C_p[=]Btu/lbmole- "F ; T[=] °F C,
Answer:
\(P'=0.377hp\)
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Initial Temperature T_1=70 F
Final Temperature \(T_2=250pisa =114.94F\)
Efficiency \(E=75\%=0.75\)
Generally the equation for Work-done is mathematically given by
\(W=\int C_pT\)
\(W=10.03(114.94-70 )+0.0184((114.94)^2-70^2 )\)
\(W=527.21btu/ibmole\)
\(W=11.982btu/ibm\)
Generally the equation for Efficiency is mathematically given by
\(E=\frac{isotropic Power}{Actual P'}\)
\(E=\frac{P}{P'}\)
Since
Isotropic Power
\(P=0.0167*11.982btu/ibm\)
\(P=0.2btu/s\)
Therefore
\(P'=\frac{0.2}{0.75}\)
\(P'=0266btu/s\)
Since
\(1btu/s=1.4148hp\)
Therefore
\(P'=0.377hp\)
In all vehicles, you can disconnect the electrical connector on the idle speed control system to prevent the PCM
from changing the idle speed.
Select one:
True
False
Answers
c) Three AC voltages are as follows:
e1 = 80 sin ωt volts;
e2 = 60 sin (ωt + π/2) volts;
e3 = 100 sin (ωt – π/3) volts.
Find the resultant e of these three voltages and express it in the form
Em sin (ωt ± φ). [5 MARKS]
When this resultant voltage is applied to a circuit consisting of a 10-Ω resistor and a capacitance of 17.3 Ω reactance connected in series, find an expression for the instantaneous value of the current flowing, expressed in the same form. [4 MARKS]
Answers
Answer:
E = 132.69 sin(ωt -11.56)
i(t) = 6.64 sin (ωt +48.44) A
Explanation:
given data
e1 = 80 sin ωt volts 80 < 0
e2 = 60 sin (ωt + π/2) volts 60 < 90
e3 = 100 sin (ωt – π/3) volts 100 < -60
solution
resultant will be = e2 + e2 + e3
E = 80 < 0 + 60 < 90 + 100 < -60
\(\bar E\) = 80 + j60 + 50 - j50\(\sqrt{3}\)
\(\bar E\) = 130 + (-j26.60)
\(\bar E\) = 132.69 that is less than -11.56
so
E = 132.69 sin(ωt -11.56)
and
as we have given the impedance
z = (10-j17.3)Ω
z = 19.982 < -60
and
i(t) = \(\frac{132.69}{19.982}\) sin(ωt -11.56 + 60)
i(t) = 6.64 sin (ωt +48.44) A
which type of magnetic contactor has options to keep the contacts pulled in when power to the coil is removed?
Answers
A latching magnetic contactor has options to keep the contacts pulled in when power to the coil is removed.
Can a magnetic contactor keep contacts engaged without power to the coil?A latching magnetic contactor, also known as a holding contactor or a mechanically latched contactor, is designed with a feature that allows the contacts to remain engaged even when power to the coil is removed. This type of contactor utilizes a mechanical latch mechanism that locks the contacts in the closed position until a reset signal is received.
The latch can be released manually or automatically, depending on the specific design. This feature is particularly useful in applications where it is important to maintain continuity of power even during brief interruptions or power failures.
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Importance of linear algebra and trigonometry in Geomatic engineering
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Linear algebra and trigonometry are important mathematical tools used in geometric engineering.
Linear algebra is important in geometric engineering because it provides a powerful tool for analyzing and solving systems of linear equations, which are frequently used to describe geometric relationships and transformations. For example, linear algebra is used to study the properties of lines and planes, to describe the transformations that occur when an object is translated, rotated, or scaled, and to model the deformation of objects under load.
Trigonometry, on the other hand, is important in geometric engineering because it provides a way to describe and understand the relationships between lengths and angles. This is particularly important in surveying and mapping, where angles and distances must be accurately measured and analyzed to produce accurate maps and models of the earth's surface. Trigonometry is also used to calculate the lengths and angles of triangles, which are basic building blocks for many geometric objects and figures.
In summary, linear algebra and trigonometry are essential tools in geometric engineering because they provide a way to describe and analyze the geometric relationships and transformations that are central to the field.
Which of the following storage technology stores data sequentially? USB flash drive Magnetic disks RAID Magnetic tape CD-ROM
Answers
Answer:
The storage technology that stores data sequentially is magnetic tape.
When a current carrying coil is placed between the magnetic poles a force acts on it that causes it to rotate what can be done to make the coil rotate faster
Answers
Answer:
increase the field strengthincrease the currentdecrease the moment of inertia of the coilExplanation:
The rotation speed depends on the force applied to the coil, and on the mass (moment of inertia) of the coil. The force can be increased by ...
increasing the magnetic field strength
increasing the coil current
And the moment of inertia can be decreased by ...
making the coil lighter
making the coil more compact.
Any of these changes will increase the rotation speed.
true or false. marin factors reduce the strength and stress concentrations factors increase the stress; therefore, they both increase the safety factor.
Answers
The given statement is false because Marin factors do not reduce the strength and stress concentrations factors do not increase the stress. Instead, they both reduce the safety factor.
Marin factor is a corrosion factor that takes into account the corrosion of the material of interest. When compared to the yield strength of the material, corrosion usually reduces the yield strength of the material. Because of this, the engineering process must consider the effect of corrosion on the material being used to ensure that it does not become so degraded that it fails prematurely. Hence, the Marin factor increases the safety factor and hence reduces the likelihood of failure.
When there is a change in section or a flaw in a structural member, stress concentration occurs. This is where the stress concentration factor is used. It is used to assess the effect of these conditions on the stress levels that result. The stress concentration factor increases the maximum stress that results in the presence of stress raisers. As a result, it reduces the safety factor and makes it more likely that the structural member will fail prematurely, unlike the Marin factor.
Therefore, the statement is false because the Marin factor reduces the stress and the stress concentration factor increases the stress, and they both reduce the safety factor instead of increasing it.
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how to study thermodynamics?
Answers
It is study of the relationships between heat, temprature, work and energy
What I recommend is that you go through you thermodynamics book and read it carefully highlighting the important points and summarizing them in a spare notebook. The first few chapters are full of indroductory concepts such as the state of a system, processes, closed and open systems, etc. That I reccomend you memorize(with understanding ofcourse) as these are carried on all throughout.
As chapters get more complex I recommend flow charts and mind maps with as much condensed information as possible.
Hope this helps <3
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The source term will affect all algebraic equations.
Answers
The statement about the source term affecting all algebraic equations is; False
What is the source term in Algebraic Equations?
In the finite-element method of Analysis, we usually go from differential equations to a set of algebraic equations. Now, it is pertinent to note that each algebraic equation will tend to relate a nodal value with all other nodal values.
The assumed polynomial variation that will exist within each element is usually the basis for which we derive the algebraic equations. Thus, to derive the algebraic equations, we will have to assume a polynomial variation for the parameter values within each element.
The above can be done through interpolation of nodal parameter values in the post-processing stage. This is because the assumed polynomial variation within each element that is used for deriving the algebraic equations is also used for post-processing.
Finally, for each algebraic equation, the source term will tend to contribute to the coefficient that is taken to the right hand side of it and then entered into the corresponding row of the {f} vector.
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Complete Question is;
Select true or false.
The source term will affect all algebraic equations.
A.) True
B.) False
Find the EmpId, EmpLName and Status in a table named "Employees" whose status is neither contractor nor consultant. a) SELECT EmpID, EmpLName, Status FROM ...
Answers
SELECT EmpID, EmpLName, Status FROM Employees WHERE Status NOT IN ('contractor', 'consultant');
To retrieve the EmpId, EmpLName, and Status from the "Employees" table where the status is neither "contractor" nor "consultant," you can use the following SQL query:
SELECT EmpID, EmpLName, Status FROM Employees WHERE Status NOT IN ('contractor', 'consultant');
The SQL query uses the SELECT statement to specify the columns EmpID, EmpLName, and Status that we want to retrieve from the "Employees" table. The FROM clause specifies the table name as "Employees" from which we are retrieving the data.
The WHERE clause is used to filter the records based on a condition. In this case, we use the NOT IN operator along with a list of values ('contractor', 'consultant') to exclude the records with the specified statuses.
By applying the condition Status NOT IN ('contractor', 'consultant'), we select only the records where the status is neither "contractor" nor "consultant."
The provided SQL query allows you to retrieve the EmpId, EmpLName, and Status from the "Employees" table where the status is not "contractor" or "consultant." By using the NOT IN operator in the WHERE clause, you can filter out the undesired statuses and obtain the desired results.
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2. What is the original length of the rectangular bar if the deformation is 0.005 in with a force of 1000 lbs and an area of 0.75 sqin? The Modulus of Elasticity is 5,000,000 psi.
Answers
Answer:
18.75in
Explanation:
Modulus of elasticity = Stress/Strain
Since stress = Force/Area
Given
Force = 1000lb
Area = 0.75sqin
Stress = 1000/0.75
Stress = 1333.33lbsqin
Strain
Strain = Stress/Modulus of elasticity
Strain = 1333.33/5,000,000
Strain = 0.0002667
Also
Strain = extension/original length
extension = 0.005in
Original length = extension/strain
Original length = 0.005/0.0002667
Original length = 18.75in
Hence the original length of the rectangular bar is 18.75in
The total north departure and east departure at a survey station are calculated as 3000ft and 5000ft respectively, if the azimuth of the target point is 24.9 degree, what is the vertical section at the survey station?
Answers
According to the statement the vertical section at the survey station is -8160.8 ft.
The vertical section at the survey station can be determined by using the formula:Vertical section = (north departure) × (tan azimuth) - (east departure) × (cot azimuth)
where "north departure" refers to the distance traveled in the north direction, "east departure" refers to the distance traveled in the east direction, and "azimuth" refers to the angle between the target point and the north direction in degrees.
Using the given values of north departure, east departure, and azimuth, we get:
Vertical section = (3000 ft) × (tan 24.9°) - (5000 ft) × (cot 24.9°)
Vertical section = (3000 ft) × (0.4794) - (5000 ft) × (1.9198)
Vertical section = 1438.2 ft - 9599 ft
Vertical section = -8160.8 ft (rounded to one decimal place)
Therefore, the vertical section at the survey station is -8160.8 ft.
Since the vertical section is negative, this means that the target point is lower in elevation than the survey station.
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What are the three major costs of owning a vehicle throughout a year?
Answers
Answer:
Car Payments. Making payments on your car is the biggest, most obvious expense of your vehicle. ...
Insurance. Insurance is another primary expense to consider when budgeting for a new car. ...
Gas. ...
Maintenance. ...
Fees & Taxes.
Explanation:
Answer:
Owning a car is expensive. Between the price of the vehicle, financing costs, insurance, taxes, and maintenance, owning one —let alone two — cars can drain your bank account quickly.
Explanation:
Every motor vehicle except for
grade.
must be equipped with a parking brake that can hold a vehicle stationary on any
a) Motorcycles
b) Ambulances
c) Garbage trucks
Answers
Answer:
Motor Cycles
Explanation:
Motor cycles have no parking brake
Although levels of CFCs in the atmosphere are much lower than those of CO2, CFCs are still potent greenhouse gases because they
Answers
Answer:
Though their atmospheric levels are much lower than those of , why are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) still considered potent greenhouse gases? Possible Answers: CFCs remain in the atmosphere for only a brief time. CFCs are more efficient at absorbing thermal radiation.
Explanation:
Which of the following could be considered an unethical use of evaluation research results?
A. Commissioning an evaluation on a state prison with the intention of providing evidence of poor performance to justify cutting funding
B. All of these
C. None of these
D. Demonstrating the success of a federally funded social support program to lobby Congress for additional money
E. A program director asking a researcher to use neutral, non-biased language in a report that will present negative findings about their program's effectiveness
Which of the following qualitative data analysis methods relies on the use of signs and symbols and their associated social meanings?
A. Conversation analysis
B. Semiotics
C. Cross-case analysis
D. Grounded Theory Method
Answers
An unethical use of evaluation research results could be commissioning an evaluation on a state prison with the intention of providing evidence of poor performance to justify cutting funding.
Qualitative data analysis methods relies on the use of signs and symbols and their associated social meanings is Semiotics.
Evaluation research results are often used in making decisions about programs, policies, and practices. It is essential that the results of the evaluation are not misused or misinterpreted. Commissioning an evaluation on a state prison with the intention of providing evidence of poor performance to justify cutting funding is an example of unethical use of evaluation research results.
Semiotics is a type of qualitative research that analyzes data that has meaning to the people who have created it. It looks at the meanings that people attribute to objects, actions, and processes. Semiotics, unlike other forms of qualitative research, is concerned with the interpretation of meaning-making activities.
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Use g = 9.8m/s2 and calculate the weight of 3 bricks of butter having a mass of half a kilo each
Answers
Answer:
This article deals with weight formula and its derivation. Weight refers to the force which acts on a body or object due to the effect of gravity. So, when an individual stands on a scale, the reading that appears is the weight. The more an individual weighs consequently means a higher reading on the scale. When an individual loses weight, he should think of it as lessening one’s force on the Earth due to gravity.
weight formula
What is Weight?
Simply speaking, weight refers to the force of gravity. Weight is certainly a force that acts on all bodies or objects at all times near a heavenly body such as the Earth. The Earth pulls all objects downward towards the center with a force of gravity. One can find the magnitude of the force of gravity by multiplying the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity by the mass of the particular object.
Some books describe weight as a scalar quantity, the magnitude of the gravitational force. In contrast, some books refer to weight as a vector quantity, the gravitational force which acts on the object. Moreover, some experts explain weight as referring to the magnitude of the reaction force which is exerted on a body by various mechanisms. Also, these mechanisms keep the body in place.
The unit of measurement for weight is certainly that of force. This unit in the International System of Unit (SI) is the newton. The object with a mass of 1 kilogram would weigh about 9.8 Newtons on the Earth’s surface. Furthermore, it would weigh about one-sixth as much on the moon.
Weight Formula
The weight of an object or body certainly depends on the mass of the object and the gravity acting on it. This is why, the weight is different from mass. The mass of an object would be same whether on the Earth or on the Moon. The weight of an object due to the influence of gravity would be different on the Earth than on the Moon. The weight formula can be explained as follows:
Weight = mass × gravity
The formula for this is:
w = mg
Here we have,
w = weight
m = mass
g = gravity
Explanation:
20. The preferred method for applying the field excitation voltage uses a field relay which operates on the
principle of
Ar speed application
B. time application
C. thermal application
D. angle application
Answers
Explanation:
1. What's an object in your everyday life that has a lot of Kinetic Energy? How do you know it has a lot?
"Something that has a lot of Kinetic Energy is _____. I know this because..."
2.What's an object in your everyday life that has a lot of Potential Energy? How do you know it has a lot?
"Something that has a lot of Potential Energy is _____. I know this because..."
Answers
Answer:
. What's an object in your everyday life that has a lot of Kinetic Energy? How do you know it has a lot?
"Something that has a lot of Kinetic Energy is a plane and a baseball . I know this because the baseball gets energy to it when its thrown which is giving in kinetic energy".
2.What's an object in your everyday life that has a lot of Potential Energy? How do you know it has a lot? "an object that has a lot of potential energy is Water that is behind a dam. A car that is parked at the top of a hill. A yoyo before it is released. I know this because
the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors."
Turning operations that require heavy material removal typically use what setting on the
engine lathe?
Answers
If it takes 35 s for the 50-Mg tugboat to increase its speed uniformly to 25 km/h, starting from rest, determine the force of the rope on the tugboat. The propeller provides the propulsion force F which gives the tugboat forward motion, whereas the barge moves freely. Also, determine F acting on the tugboat. The barge has a mass of 75 Mg.
Answers
Answer:
- the force of the rope on the tugboat is 14.87 kN
- Force acting on the tugboat is 24.79 kN
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
tugboat increases its speed uniformly to 25 km/h
v₁ = 25 km/h = (25 × 1000) / ( 1 × 60min × 60sec )
= 25000m / 3600s
= 6.94 m/s
Now, lets determine the force on the rope using the following relation;
T = \(m_b\)v₁ / t₁
\(m_b\) is mass of barge( 75 Megagram = 75 × 10³ Kilogram ), time t₁ is 35 s and v₁ is 6.94 m/s
so we substitute
T = [(75 × 10³) × 6.94 ] / 35
T = 520500 / 35
T = 14871.43 N
T = 14871.43 / 1000
T = 14.87 kN
Therefore, the force of the rope on the tugboat is 14.87 kN
Now, to determine F acting on the tugboat;
\(Ft_1\) = ( \(m_t\) + \(m_b\) )\(v_1\)
we solve for F
F = ( \(m_t\) + \(m_b\) )\(v_1\) / \(t_1\)
where \(m_t\) is mass of tugboat (50 Megagram = 50 × 10³ Kilogram )
so we substitute
F = [( (50 × 10³) + (75 × 10³) )6.94] / 35
F = [ 125000 × 6.94 ) / 35
F = 867500 / 35
F = 24785.7 N
F = 24785.7 / 1000
F = 24.79 kN
Therefore, Force acting on the tugboat is 24.79 kN
History and development project of your chosen tool
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
I didn't find any links but if you search it up you may find this
There is a proposal to replace the entire system with a single generator that has a reliability as good or better than the current one-year reliability. 6. What would be the required MTBF (in hours) for the new generator (assume exponential and 8760 hours/year)? 7. How many total test hours should be allocated for the new generator (assuming 1 failure is allowed) at 50% confidence? 8. Suppose the budget only supported 30,000 total test hours for the new generator. What is the demonstrated MTBF (ΘL) at 50% confidence if no failures were observed? Was the requirement demonstrated? Consider the original system diagram with Generator B as continuously operating (not in standby mode) with no load sharing. 9. What is the static relaibility of the system for this situation? 10. Convert the block diagram to a Fault Tree. Calculate the probability of the top-level event (system failure)?
Answers
The required MTBF (in hours) for the new generator (assuming exponential and 8760 hours/year) will be 8760 hours.
7. Total test hours should be allocated for the new generator (assuming 1 failure is allowed) at 50% confidence should be 688 hours.
8. The demonstrated MTBF (ΘL) at 50% confidence if no failures were observed will be 43,800 hours. Yes, the requirement was demonstrated.
9. The static reliability of the system for this situation can be determined by calculating the probability of no failure. The probability of no failure will be 0.85 * 0.95 * 0.98 * 0.99 = 0.764. Therefore, the static reliability of the system for this situation will be 0.764.10.
Probability of the top-level event (system failure) can be calculated by adding the probabilities of all the paths leading to the top-level event. The probability of the top-level event (system failure) will be:
P(system failure) = P(Gen A failure) + P(Gen B failure) + P(Gen C failure) + P(Tie Bus failure) * P(No load shedding) + P(Tie Bus failure) * P(Load shedding)
P(Gen A failure) = 1 - e^(-8760/30000) = 0.215
P(Gen B failure) = 0.85 * (1 - e^(-8760/18000)) = 0.37
P(Gen C failure) = 0.95 * (1 - e^(-8760/30000)) = 0.276
P(Tie Bus failure) = 0.98
P(No load shedding) = 0.99
P(Load shedding) = 0.01
P(system failure) = 0.215 + 0.37 + 0.276 + 0.98 * 0.99 + 0.98 * 0.01 * (1 - P(Gen A failure)) * (1 - P(Gen B failure)) * (1 - P(Gen C failure)) * P(Tie Bus failure)P(system failure) = 0.215 + 0.37 + 0.276 + 0.98 * 0.99 + 0.98 * 0.01 * (1 - 0.215) * (1 - 0.37) * (1 - 0.276) * 0.98P(system failure) = 0.9644
Therefore, the probability of the top-level event (system failure) will be 0.9644.
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