Rank the following aqueous solutions in order of decreasing
(c) freezing point;

Answer:

Answer: According to 2019 figures from the US Department of Energy, the average commercial tidal energy project costs as much as $280 per megawatt hour. Wind energy, by comparison, currently costs roughly $20 per megawatt hour and is "one of the lowest-priced energy sources available today," according to the agency.

Explanation:

Answer:

The two cost of using tides for energy is solor and wind.

answer:

protein i think

explanation:

protein has a long chain of amino acids

Answer:

B. lipid

Explanation:

Got it right.

A sample that is not finely ground creates difficulties in melting point determination due to inconsistent sample size and poor heat transfer. To obtain accurate results, it is essential to grind the sample finely, ensuring uniform particle size and efficient heat transfer during the melting point determination process.

A sample that is not finely ground can create difficulties in a melting point determination for two main reasons.

Firstly, larger particle sizes can lead to an inaccurate melting point reading. When a sample is not finely ground, it may contain larger particles that have a higher melting point than the rest of the sample. These particles can take longer to melt than the rest of the sample, leading to a broader and inaccurate melting point range.

This can make it difficult to accurately determine the true melting point of the sample, which is important for identifying its chemical properties.

Secondly, a sample that is not finely ground can also result in poor heat transfer, leading to an inaccurate melting point determination. During a melting point determination, the sample needs to be heated at a constant rate to ensure accurate results.

However, larger particles may not conduct heat as effectively as smaller particles, which can lead to localized overheating or underheating. This can cause the sample to melt at a higher or lower temperature than expected, leading to inaccurate melting point readings.

Therefore, it is important to finely grind a sample before conducting a melting point determination to ensure accurate and reliable results.

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Answer: 4 moles of water

Explanation:

Answer: B.) Salt and water

Explanation:  A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and involves the combination of H+ ions and OH- ions to generate water.

Hope this helps :)

Answer:

B. Salt and water

Explanation:

have a nice day!!

Answer:

E for sphere

Explanation:

A sphere is like a ball

You could use sodium accetate a put it in water...

4ml of NaOH is required for neutralization of KHP.

The chemical reaction is as follows:

NaOH + КНР → NaKP + H₂O

The mass of KHP used is 0.1509g, Molar mass of KHP is 204.29g/mol

Then moles of KHP used are given by

Moles of KHP used = 0.1509/204.29

Moles of KHP = 7.35 x 10⁻⁴ moles

The molarity of NaOH is 0.2 M Let the volume of NaOH required for neutralization be V.

Moles of NaOH needed = Molarity x volume of NaOH (L)

                                        = 0.2 x V

As 1 mole of NaOH requires 1 mole of KHP, then

Moles of NaOH required = Molarity of NaOH x volume of NaOH (L)

On substituting the values we get,

0.2 V = 7.35×10⁻⁴

V = 7.35x10⁻⁴/0.2

    = 3.675 X 10⁻³L

V = 3.675 mL

    ≈ 4mL

Therefore, 4 ml of NaOH is required for neutralization.

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somethingExplanation:

Answer:

Refer to explanation

Explanation:

Weather is the main cause behind most short term environmental changes

For example, a period of heavy rain may lead to a pond overflowing, and flooding the nearby shrubbery

Animals in the area would adapt to this by trying to keep away from the flooded area until it dries out, once the rain ends

The amount of heat that is needed to change 250.0 grams of water at 80°C to steam at 100°C is 20900 J of heat.

Heat change is the amount of heat that must be added or that is evolved when a particular change occurs in a substance.

The amount of heat required is determined from the formula of heat given below as follows:

Heat change = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change

Heat required = 250 * 4.18 * (100 - 80)

Hee=at required = 20900 J

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The mole fraction of gas B is 0.612 in the 10 L vessel.

We will first determine the overall pressure of the gas in order to address this puzzle. This is attainable as follows:

Gas A has a partial pressure of 5 atm.

Gas B has a partial pressure of 7.89 atm.

Pressure overall =?

Total pressure equals the sum of the partial pressures of gas and gas B.

Total pressure is 5 plus 7.89

Pressure overall is 12.89 atm.

We will then calculate the mole fraction of Gas B. This is attainable as follows:

Gas B (PB) partial pressure is 7.89 atm.

Overall pressure (PT) is equal to 12.89 atm.

Gas B (nb) mole fraction is equal to?

nB = PB/PT

nB = 7.00/12.00

nB = 0.612

As a result, Gas B makes up 0.612 moles of the 10 L vessel's total volume.

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The reaction between the t-amyl alcohol to t-amyl chloride can be performed without using HCl. The SN1 mechanism needs to be present to affect the transformation of the alcohol to the chloride.

Hydrogen chloride (HCl), a gas at standard pressure and temperature, is a compound of the elements hydrogen and chlorine. Hydrochloric acid is the name for the gas's water solution.

Chlorides are created when active metals and their oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates react with gaseous hydrogen chloride.

Only in the presence of moisture do these reactions happen easily. Hydrogen chloride that has never been wet is very inert.

The reactions of hydrochloric acid are those of conventional strong acids, including those with metals in which hydrogen gas is displaced, reactions with basic (metal) oxides and hydroxides that are neutralized by the creation of a metal chloride and water, and reactions with weak acid salts in which the weak acid is expelled.

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An example which doesn't depict physical weathering is acid rain falling on limestone.

Physical weathering involves the breakdown of rock into smaller particles through physical processes such as friction between rocks as a result of wind blowing sand onto rocks, freeze-thaw in colder climates etc and it is usually reversible.

Chemical weathering on the other hand involves the  breakdown of rock into smaller particles through chemical processes or reaction  such as acid rain falling on limestone and it is usually irreversible.

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The volume in the final system that was initially enclosed in a 12.3 liter cylinder with a moveable piston at 300 K and 2.0 atm is 36.9L.

The volume of a given amount of gas can be calculated by using the combined gas law formula as follows;

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

Where;

According to this question, 1.0 mole of a gas is enclosed in a 12.3 liter cylinder with a moveable piston at 300 K and 2.0 atm.

However, half of the gas is removed, leaving 0.50 mole in the cylinder and the system is warmed to 900 K. The volume in the final system can be calculated as follows:

2 × 12.3/300 = 2 × V2/900

0.082 = 2V2/900

73.8 = 2V2

V2 = 73.8 ÷ 2

V2 = 36.9L

Therefore, the volume in the final system that was initially enclosed in a 12.3 liter cylinder with a moveable piston at 300 K and 2.0 atm is 36.9L.

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Answer:

Explanation:

it's 18.45, my sister just got the guestion right! hope it helps :)

The value of Ksp for Hg2Br2 at 25∘C is 1.0 × 10^-12.

The given galvanic cell involves the reaction between Hg(l), Hg2Br2(s), Br−(0.10M), MnO4−(0.10M), Mn2+(0.10M), H+(0.10M), and Pt(s). The potential of the cell is given as 1.214 V at 25∘C.

To calculate the value of Ksp for Hg2Br2 at 25∘C, we can use the Nernst equation:

Ecell = E°cell - (0.0592/n) * log(Q)

Where Ecell is the cell potential, E°cell is the standard cell potential, n is the number of electrons transferred, and Q is the reaction quotient.

Since Hg2Br2 is a solid and its concentration does not appear in the reaction quotient, we can assume its activity is 1. Therefore, the reaction quotient simplifies to the concentrations of the other species involved in the cell:

Q = [Br−] / [MnO4−][Mn2+][H+]

By substituting the given concentrations and the calculated cell potential into the Nernst equation, we can solve for E°cell. Then, using the Nernst equation at equilibrium (Q = Ksp), we can solve for Ksp. In this case, the value of Ksp for Hg2Br2 at 25∘C is found to be 1.0 × 10^-12, rounded to one significant figure.

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Answer:

300 meters for 30 seconds

Explanation:

10*30= 300 therefore giving you your answer.

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The new height of the water is 17.7 mL

The density of a substance is simply defined as mass per unit volume of the substance. Mathematically, it is expressed as:

With the above formula, we can obtain the volume of the copper. This can be obtained as follow:

Mass of copper = 20 g

Density of copper = 8.96 g/mL

Density = mass / volume

8.96 = 20 / volume

Cross multiply

8.96 × Volume = 20

Divide both side by 8.96

Volume = 20 / 8.96

Finally, we shall determine the new height of the water. This can be obtained as follow:

Initial height of water = 15.5 mL

Volume of copper = 2.2 mL

New height of water = 15.5 + 2.2

Therefore, the new height of the water is 17.7 mL

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The collision frequency and molecular orientation are incorporated in the value of the activation energy (Ea) in the Arrhenius equation.

The Arrhenius equation is a mathematical expression that describes the temperature dependence of reaction rates. It states that the rate constant (k) of a chemical reaction is directly proportional to the frequency of successful collisions between reacting molecules, and is given by the equation:

k = Ae^(-Ea/RT),

where A is the pre-exponential factor, Ea is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

This equation predicts that as the temperature increases, the reaction rate will also increase due to the increase in collision frequency and molecular orientation, which are both incorporated in the activation energy (Ea).

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A science project in Chemistry that students can carry out is the construction of an electrochemical cell.

Science projects are projects which  are carried out by students as part of their assessment or to improve and enhance their knowledge and ideas about scientific concepts.

A science project in Chemistry that students can carry out is the construction of an electrochemical cell.

An electrochemical cell is a cell that coverts chemical energy to electrical energy.

In conclusion, science projects helps students to develop their own skills in scientific research.

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The correct answer is

1,4-dichloro-2-pentanone

The name of the given molecule will be "1,4-dichloro-2-pentanone".

A molecule represents the tiniest unit of a material that keeps its content and properties. It must be made up of two or more atoms that have been joined together by chemical bonds.

This molecule will be made by carbon, oxygen , hydrogen and oxygen molecule.

It can be seen that given molecule has 5 carbon atom in which 1 and 4 position of carbon atom chlorine atom is present and at 2 carbon oxygen atom is presence. that's why the name of the given molecule will be "1,4-dichloro-2-pentanone".

In this molecule one ketone and two halogen (Cl) groups are present that's why it can be consider as keto halogen compound.

The molecular formula of this compound can be written as \(C_{5} H_{10} Cl_{2} O\). Presence of oxygen molecule indicate that keto group should be present in the given molecule . So the name of the compound should be  1,4-dichloro-2-pentanone

Therefore, the correct answer will be option (C).

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8.52 m is the height of a barometer column based on 1-iodododecane.

A barometer is described as a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure in a certain environment.

For the given question we will use the below formula:

P = dgh, where

g = gravitational force = 9.8 m/s²

h = height

First we calculate the height of the barometer column for the mercury:

Density of mercury = 13.6g/ml (given)

Given pressure = 752 torr =100258.144 N/m²

Height of barometer for mercury = 100258.144 / (13.6×9.8) = 752.23= 0.752

Now we calculate the height of barometer by using the below formula:

d₁h₁ = d₂h₂, where

d₁ = density of 1-iodododecane = 1.20g/mol (given)

h₁ = to find?

d₂, h₂ = density & height with respect to mercury

On putting all values in the above equation we get,

h₁ = 13.6×0.752  / 1.20 = 8.52m

Hence, 8.52m is the height of barometer.

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Complete question:

The compound 1-iodododecane is a nonvolatile liquid with a density of 1.20g/ml. the density of mercury is 13.6g/ml. part a what do you predict for the height of a barometer column based on 1-iodododecane, when the atmospheric pressure is 752 torr ?

The solute that maintains the medullary interstitial fluid osmotic gradient in the kidneys is urea. Urea is a waste product formed during the breakdown of proteins in the liver and is excreted through urine.

It plays a crucial role in the concentration of urine and the maintenance of water balance within the body. In the kidneys, the medullary interstitial fluid is important for the process of urine concentration.

The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water, allowing water to move out of the tubules and into the interstitial fluid. However, the ascending limb is impermeable to water but actively transports solutes such as sodium and chloride out of the tubules.

As sodium and chloride ions are transported out of the ascending limb, urea is left behind, increasing its concentration in the medullary interstitial fluid.

This high concentration of urea creates an osmotic gradient, which is essential for the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts. The osmotic gradient allows water to move out of the collecting ducts and into the surrounding interstitial fluid, leading to concentrated urine.

In conclusion, urea is the solute that helps maintain the medullary interstitial fluid osmotic gradient in the kidneys. Its presence in high concentrations in the medullary interstitial fluid is crucial for the concentration of urine and the regulation of water balance within the body.

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tt takes 67,200 J of heat to warm 1.20 kg of sand from 30.0 °C to 100.0 °C.

To calculate the amount of heat required to warm up 1.20 kg of sand from 30.0 ∘C to 100.0 ∘C, we need to use the specific heat capacity of sand. The specific heat capacity of sand is typically around 0.8 J/g⋅∘C.

First, we need to convert the mass of sand from kg to grams, which is 1.20 kg x 1000 g/kg = 1200 g.

Next, we can use the formula:

Q = m x c x ΔT

where Q is the amount of heat required, m is the mass of the substance (in grams), c is the specific heat capacity of the substance (in J/g⋅∘C), and ΔT is the change in temperature (in ∘C).

Substituting the values we have:

Q = 1200 g x 0.8 J/g⋅∘C x (100.0 ∘C - 30.0 ∘C)

Q = 1200 g x 0.8 J/g⋅∘C x 70.0 ∘C

Q = 67,200 J

Therefore, it would require 67,200 J of heat to warm up 1.20 kg of sand from 30.0 ∘C to 100.0 ∘C.

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Answer:

3n+2n=5n 5 nitrogen atoms

Biodiesel is indeed an alkylester (RCOOR') obtained from fat, and it possesses combustion characteristics similar to diesel fuel. However, biodiesel is known to be more stable, non-toxic, and less susceptible to microbial decomposition due to its relatively high flash point.

Biodiesel is produced through a chemical process called transesterification, where fats or vegetable oils are reacted with an alcohol (usually methanol or ethanol) in the presence of a catalyst, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

This reaction results in the formation of alkyl esters, which are the main components of biodiesel.

The combustion characteristics of biodiesel are similar to those of conventional diesel fuel, which make it a suitable alternative for diesel engines without requiring significant engine modifications.

Biodiesel has a higher flash point compared to petroleum diesel, meaning it requires a higher temperature to ignite. This property enhances safety and reduces the risk of accidental fires.

Furthermore, biodiesel is considered stable because it has a lower propensity to degrade or oxidize over time compared to conventional diesel fuel. This stability ensures that biodiesel can be stored for longer periods without significant deterioration in quality.

Biodiesel is also recognized for its non-toxic nature. It is biodegradable and poses fewer health risks than petroleum-based diesel fuel. In case of a spill or leakage, biodiesel can be less harmful to the environment and human health.

In summary, biodiesel is an alkylester obtained from fat through the transesterification process. It exhibits combustion characteristics similar to diesel fuel but offers several advantages, including stability, non-toxicity, and a relatively high flash point.

These properties make biodiesel a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum diesel fuel, contributing to the diversification of energy sources and reducing the environmental impact associated with traditional fossil fuels.

CH₂-OCOR¹ CH-OCOR² + 3CH₂OH CH- CH₂-OCOR³ Triglyceride Methanol A + 3M Catalyst CH₂OH R¹COOCH3 CHOH + R³COOCH3 CH₂OH R³COOCH3 Glycerol Methyl esters G + 3P Triglyceride + R¹OH Diglyceride + R¹OH Monoglyceride + R¹OH Diglyceride + RCOOR¹ Monoglyceride + RCOOR¹ Glycerol + RCOOR¹ A+MB+P [1] B+MC+P [2] C+M G+P [3] temp (°C) 45 55 65 time (min) 5 0.94 0.89 0.80 10 0.89 0.81 0.67 15 0.84 0.74 0.57 20 0.80 0.67 0.50 25 0.76 0.63 0.45 30 0.73 0.58 0.40 tem(C) 45 55 65 60 rate constant (L/(mol min)) kl k2 Obtained from question 0.0255 Obtained from question 0.0510 Obtained from question 0.0965 Obtained from question ? k3 0.0881 0.141 0.218 ?

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thank youuuuu :)

thank means a great honour of joy and peace have a good day