Question 4

1 pts

When DNA polymerase is in contract with Guanine (G) in the parent strand, what does it add to the

growing daughter strand?

O Thymine (T)

0 Adenine (A)

Phosphate

Cytocine (C)

The answer to the fill-in-the-blanks with words each word or phrase can be used only once. charged, pause, site, lytic mismatch, promoter RBS, clear origin - strand tRNA phosphorylation, + strand lysogenic, ppGpp uncharged, sigma factor. Rho factor, methylation, pause site, cloudy,  is:

Before transcription can begin, RNA polymerase must find the location and direction of a gene on the chromosome based on its sequence. RNA polymerase ends transcription at a clear origin located at the end of a gene. It is common for amino acid biosynthetic genes to be transcriptionally activated in the presence of tRNAs as a result of the Stringent response, which requires charged sigma factor to bind RNA polymerase. An sRNA can inhibit mRNA translation by the ribosome through complementary base-pairing to the sequence in its target mRNA. During DNA replication, the sequence of the daughter strand being synthesized is determined by complementary base-pairing with the parent template strand, however, DNA polymerase can incorporate a base-pair that can result in a point mutation if it is not repaired. A bacteria can repair these mistakes and distinguish the original parent strand of DNA from the new daughter strand of DNA through methylation of certain nucleotides. In order to replicate their genomes, all SSRNA viruses must package an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase within their capsid.

RNA (Ribonucleic acid) is a single-stranded nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers that performs essential roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and function of all known living organisms.

Bacteria are prokaryotic microorganisms that consist of a single cell without a nucleus.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

Organs are formed by tissues, tissues are formed by cells

Fossils appear in the strata in a specific order based on age. The correct option is D

Principle of faunal succession states that fossils appear in rock strata in a specific, predictable order based on the relative ages of the rock layers and the evolutionary relationships of the organisms represented by the fossils.

This principle allows geologists to use the relative ages of rocks and fossils to determine the relative age of other rocks and fossils in the same area and to establish a relative time scale for geologic events.

Therefore, By comparing the sequence of fossils in different rock strata, geologists can determine which strata are younger and which are older, and thus build a chronological framework for the Earth's history.

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Answer:

Answers for the whole test are:

1.Infrared waves have lower frequencies than ultraviolet waves. Since frequency and energy are directly proportional, infrared waves also have less energy than ultraviolet waves.

2.The student should model a convex lens because it directs light toward the center of the lens.

3.It transfers energy without transferring mass.

4. to disinfect surgical rooms

5. X-rays would be best because they are high-energy waves that can penetrate solids.

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The p53 gene A) Codes for a protein that can initiate apoptosis

B) Codes for a protein that can initiate the repair of damaged DNA

C) Is associated with many types of cancer (if mutated)

Thus Correct option (d)  all of the above.

p53 is a regulatory protein that is often altered in human malignancies. It is also known as Tumor protein P53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53). The p53 proteins (previously assumed to be a single protein and frequently referred to as such) are critical in vertebrates, where they inhibit cancer growth.

As a result, p53 has been dubbed "the genome's guardian" due to its function in preserving stability by preventing genome mutation. As a result, TP53[note 1] is categorized as a tumor suppressor gene.

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Answer:

A. Nutrition is the right answer...

The given statement "postsynaptic cells, in turn, add receptors from their membranes to make it less difficult to stimulate the cell and cause an action potential" is False because Postsynaptic cells do not add receptors from their membranes to make it less difficult to stimulate the cell and cause an action potential. In fact, the process is usually the opposite.

Postsynaptic cells, which receive signals from presynaptic cells at chemical synapses, contain receptors on their membranes that specifically bind with neurotransmitter molecules released by the presynaptic cell. These receptors are proteins that are already present in the postsynaptic cell membrane and are not added or removed based on the difficulty of stimulating the cell.

When neurotransmitters bind to their specific receptors on the postsynaptic cell, it can either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic cell's activity. Excitatory neurotransmitters can depolarize the postsynaptic membrane, making it more likely to generate an action potential, while inhibitory neurotransmitters can hyperpolarize the membrane, making it less likely to generate an action potential.

The number and sensitivity of receptors on the postsynaptic cell membrane can be dynamically regulated through processes like long-term potentiation or long-term depression, which can affect the strength of synaptic connections over time. However, these processes are not directly related to the difficulty of stimulating the cell but rather to the strength and efficacy of synaptic transmission.

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Answer:

The forensic scientific method is a modified form of the scientific method that compares anamnestic evidence obtained by investigators with observable physical findings discovered at the crime scene, in the crime laboratory, or in the autopsy suite.Explanation:

Answer:

D rotate the ball on its axis

Explanation:

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Answer:

It depends on the temperature of the cookie sheet.

Explanation:

If the temperature of a cookie sheet is higher than the container used by Kennya, then the evaporation of water is faster because the water molecules quickly gains the kinetic energy that helps them in the evaporation while on the other hand, if the cookie sheet is not hot enough as compared to the container, the evaporation rate is slower but if both have same temperature so the evaporation is remain the same.

Answer: The body uses three main nutrients to function --- carbohydrate, protein, and fat. These nutrients are digested into simpler compounds. Carbohydrates are used for energy (glucose). Fats are used for energy after they are broken into fatty acids. Protein can also be used for energy, but the first job is to help with making hormones, muscle, and other proteins.

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Complete Question:

Jackie's uncle is undergoing radioactive iodine treatments for thyroid cancer. The radioactive iodine used by the doctor is an isotope of the element iodine. Jackie researches the term isotope. Which definition for the term does she learn?

Group of answer choices

A. atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

B. atoms of the same element with a different number of protons

C. atoms of the same element with a negative charge

D. atoms of the same element with a positive charge

Answer:

A. atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

Explanation:

Isotopes can be defined as atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.

This ultimately implies that, the isotopes of an element have the same atomic number (number of protons) but different atomic mass (number of neutrons).

The isotope of an element is denoted by \( X^{A}_{Z}\)

Where; X is the symbol of the chemical element.

A is the atomic mass or number of nucleons.

Z is the atomic number or number of protons.

Therefore, the number of neutrons = A - Z

In this scenario, radioactive iodine used by the doctor is an isotope of the element iodine.

Additionally, the isotopes of a chemical element have the same chemical properties because of their atomic number but different physical properties due to their atomic weight (mass number).

Answer:

Cell walls are structures that surround and protect the cells of some organisms. According to the web page context, cell walls can be found in:

Cell walls are not found in animals or most protists.

Answer:

B usually true. took the test

The movement of plant pigments up the chromatogram is dependent on the molecular weight, polarity, and solubility of the pigments. Pigments with a smaller molecular weight, nonpolar, and more soluble pigments will travel farther up the chromatogram.

Plants have various pigments that enable them to carry out photosynthesis effectively. These pigments have various properties that aid in their movement along a chromatogram. The factors that influence pigment movement include molecular weight, polarity, and solubility.

The molecular weight of the pigments affects their rate of movement along the chromatogram. Small molecules travel faster than larger ones, and they move farther up the chromatogram. This explains why chlorophyll b, which has a smaller molecular weight than chlorophyll a, moves farther up the chromatogram.

The polarity of the pigments is another factor that determines their movement along the chromatogram. Polar pigments bind more readily to the paper than nonpolar pigments. Carotenoids, which are nonpolar, move further up the chromatogram than polar pigments such as chlorophylls.

The solubility of the pigments also plays a significant role in their movement along the chromatogram. Pigments that are more soluble in the solvent move farther up the chromatogram. This is because they dissolve easily in the solvent, and hence move more rapidly than less soluble pigments.

To conclude, the movement of plant pigments up the chromatogram is dependent on the molecular weight, polarity, and solubility of the pigments. Pigments with a smaller molecular weight, nonpolar, and more soluble pigments will travel farther up the chromatogram.

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The answers include the following below:

This is referred to as the process in which green plants manufacture food in the presence of sunlight. The green pigment known as chlorophyll helps to trap solar energy which is used to initiate the reaction.

It comprises of two types of reactions which are light dependent and independent reactions.

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Answer:

theories, more questions, publications in scientific journals

Explanation:

An experiment may be defined as a procedure which is carried out to refute, support, or validate a certain hypothesis or theories. Such experiments provides insight into the cause and the effect of a hypothesis by showing what outcome comes or results when some particular factor is being manipulated by the experimenter.

It is considered a scientific procedure which is undertaken to test a hypothesis or to make some discover  or sometimes to demonstrate a known fact.

The results of these experiments may lead us to new question or new findings or theories. It result of the experiments may also be published in an scientific journal for the readers and scientist.

We must apply the base pairing rules, where A pairs with U (in RNA) and C pairs with G, to find the RNA sequence that is complementary to the provided DNA sequence.

Adenine will connect to thymine and guanine will attach to cytosine, despite the fact that various DNA sequences have distinct base arrangements.

The mRNA sequence CUUGGCA is complementary to the DNA sequence GAACCGT. The mRNA that is carried from the nucleus into the cytoplasm and then translated into a protein is created using the DNA of a gene as a template.

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Answer: See Below

Explanation:

1. The scientist would need to identify the gene for a protein that would make it glow. For example Aequorea victoria, the jellyfish that produces green fluorescent protein (GFP) is the most common type of fluorescent tag use in biotechnology. This would be done by completing genetic sequencing to identify the gene of interest from the jellyfish cell.

2. The gene could then be amplified through PCR. Assuming this is a bacterial cell, a vector such as pUC19 could be used. The vector and the PCR amplified product would have to be digested. A double digest is recommended to ensure the gene inserts in the proper conformation.

3. Heat shock the plasmid into the cell and proceed on to Blue/White screening to identify which cells contain the gene of interest. You can then isolate and grow the culture containing the GFP gene and induce with IPTG to produce the protein that would make it glow.

Alternatively you could buy a pre-made plasmid from AddGene containing the GFP gene for 75$, complete a miniprep on the cells and heatshock. Either way works.

Clearcutting disturbs soils, wetlands, and peatlands, releasing their vast carbon stores, and diminishes the boreal forest's ability to sequester carbon from the atmosphere. As such, it is often an ecologically harmful form of logging.

Atrium In the story "Red Buffoons" from the chapter "The Red Clowns," Sally deceives Esperanza. Sally ignores Esperanza's request for assistance when she hears her calling.

Isabel says this in "Red Clowns" after being sexually abused by a bunch of lads at a carnival. Instead of condemning the boys who assaulted Sally and caused her harm and anguish, she reiterates her claim that her buddy lied.

Esperanza accuses Sally of leaving her defenseless after being attacked by a bunch of boys. She is also upset with Sally for misinforming her about romance and sex. Esperanza put herself in harm's way by admiring and following Sally.

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The false statement about exonic mutations is A frameshift mutation is likely to shift the original stop codon site so the correct answer is option (a).

Frameshift mutations are a result of the addition or deletion of nucleotides, which changes the reading frame of codons during translation. They usually result in the production of nonfunctional proteins that lack specific amino acids and are often truncated. Frameshift mutations may lead to the production of a premature stop codon that leads to a shorter mRNA product or the extension of a protein by introducing new amino acids after the frameshift. However, they are not likely to shift the original stop codon site. Instead, the resulting protein product may contain several stop codons at unexpected sites in the sequence, leading to an incomplete and nonfunctional protein.

Exonic mutations are DNA changes that occur within the coding regions of genes. They include point mutations, missense mutations, and nonsense mutations. Point mutations result in a single base pair change, while missense mutations result in the substitution of one amino acid for another. Nonsense mutations, on the other hand, introduce a premature stop codon that truncates the protein prematurely.A missense mutation can be a gain-of-function mutation, which means that the resulting protein gains new or enhanced activity. This is usually the case when the amino acid substitution leads to an increase in protein stability, affinity, or activity.

Conversely, a missense mutation can also result in a loss-of-function mutation, where the protein loses its normal activity due to amino acid substitutions. Thus, a missense mutation can either be beneficial or detrimental to the organism, depending on the specific mutation and the protein involved.

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The Program for Alternative Learning (PAL) develops human resources through vocational training and skills development programs.

PAL offers vocational training programs that equip individuals with practical skills and knowledge in various fields, enabling them to pursue employment opportunities and contribute to the workforce. Additionally, PAL provides opportunities for personal and professional growth through workshops, seminars, and mentoring, fostering the development of essential skills and qualities required in the job market.

PAL's focus on vocational training and skills development programs demonstrates its commitment to nurturing and enhancing human resources. By equipping individuals with valuable skills and providing them with opportunities for personal and professional growth, PAL plays a vital role in empowering individuals, enhancing employability, and contributing to the development of human resources in the community.

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Newton's second law of motion can be formally stated as follows: The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

Answer:

The force acting on an object is is equal to the mass of that object times acceleration.

Explanation:

Here is the formula to calculate force: F= ma

Answer:

The answer is A!

Explanation:

Because liquids and gases move, soilds will stay in place unless you move it.

An animal cell placed in a hypotonic blank solution will gain water swell and possibly burst.

There is a net diffusion of water out of an animal cell when it is placed in a hypertonic blank solution.

The ideal osmotic environment for a plant cell is hypotonic a blank environment.

An isotonic environment is the ideal osmotic environment for animal cells. Animal cells have the same concentration as the cytosol. The penetration rate is the same on both the inside and outside sides. There is no increase or decrease in water or solvent concentration.

Plant cells are bloated and generally healthiest in a hypotonic environment where water uptake is ultimately balanced by walls that are pressed against the cell. This is considered normal. When a plant cell is surrounded by a solution containing a higher concentration of water molecules than the solution inside the cell water enters the cell by osmosis and the plant cell swells.

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Answer:

Desert plants typically have deep roots rather than shallow roots. This adaptation allows them to access water from deeper soil layers where moisture may be more available, despite the low rainfall in desert environments. There are several reasons why desert plants tend to have deep roots:

Water availability: In arid or desert regions, water is scarce and often concentrated in deeper soil layers. By developing deep roots, desert plants can tap into these deeper water sources that are inaccessible to plants with shallow roots. This adaptation enables them to access water reserves that would otherwise be unavailable during dry periods.

Drought resistance: Deep-rooted plants are better equipped to withstand extended periods of drought. Their deep roots can reach soil layers with higher moisture content, providing a more stable water supply even in the face of low rainfall. Shallow-rooted plants, on the other hand, may struggle to access sufficient water and are more vulnerable to drying out during droughts.

Stability and anchorage: Desert environments often have sandy or loose soil that is prone to erosion and strong winds. Deep roots anchor desert plants firmly in the ground, providing stability and preventing them from being uprooted by winds or shifting sands.

Nutrient acquisition: In addition to water, deep roots also allow desert plants to access nutrients that may be present in deeper soil layers. This gives them a competitive advantage over shallow-rooted plants by enabling them to extract essential nutrients from a larger soil volume.

The cross between WwGg and Wwgg parents is expected to result in offspring with fruit colour ratios of 9 white: 3 yellow: 4 green.

In the given cross, WwGg represents the genotype of one parent (heterozygous for both white and yellow fruit colour genes), while the other parent has the genotype Wwgg (heterozygous for white fruit colour and homozygous recessive for green fruit colour).

To determine the fruit colour ratios in the offspring, we need to consider the inheritance patterns of the genes involved. The white fruit colour gene (W) is dominant over the coloured fruit allele (w), while the yellow fruit colour gene (G) is dominant over the green allele (g).

By using a Punnett square, we can calculate the expected genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. The Punnett square for this cross would yield genotypes WWGg, WWgg, WwGg, and Wwgg in a ratio of 1:1:4:4.

Based on the genotypes, we can determine the fruit colour ratios. WWGg and WWgg will result in white fruit, while WwGg and Wwgg will yield white and green fruit, respectively. Therefore, the expected fruit colour ratios from the cross WwGg x Wwgg are 9 white: 3 yellow: 4 green.

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