Q5 Assuming a framing protocol that uses bit stuffing, show the bit sequence transmitted over the link when the frame contains the following bit sequence: 110101111101011111101011111110 Mark the stuffed bits. 26 What is the difference between hub, switch and router?
Answers
Q5 The bit sequence transmitted over the link when the frame contains the following bit sequence: 110101111101011111101011111110 is 110101111101011111101011111110111, where the stuffed bit is marked in bold.
26. The difference between a hub, switch and router is as follows:
A hub is a networking device that connects multiple computers or devices together. It works at the physical layer of the OSI model and has no intelligence, meaning it will broadcast every packet to all connected devices.
A switch is a network device that works at the data link layer of the OSI model and is slightly more intelligent than a hub. A switch has the ability to learn the MAC address of the connected devices and will only forward packets to the device it is intended for.
A router is a network device that works at the network layer of the OSI model and is the most intelligent device. Routers are used to forward packets from one network to another and have the ability to read the network address to determine the correct path for a packet.
Learn more about data link layer protocols:https://brainly.com/question/29760365
#SPJ11
Related Questions
I. Describe the origin, purpose, and features of HTML.
II. Describe the software needed to create and test web pages.
III. Describe a reason to use embedded styles.
IV. Explain where embedded styles are placed on a web page.
V. Describe a reason to use external styles. (2 Marks)
VI. Explain where external styles are placed and how web pages indicate that they are using
external styles. (4 Marks)
VII. Describe what is incorrect with the following CSS code, which causes a web page
containing it not to display a border when rendered in a browser:
h2 { background-color: #FF0000 border-top: thin solid #000000 }
Answers
HTML is a markup language that was developed to structure and present content on the World Wide Web. It provides the foundation for creating web pages by defining the structure, elements, and attributes of a document.
To create and test web pages, software such as text editors or integrated development environments (IDEs) can be used. Additionally, web browsers are essential for testing and previewing the web pages during the development process.
Embedded styles are useful when applying specific styles to individual elements within a web page. They provide a way to override or supplement the default styles defined by external stylesheets or the browser's default styles.
Embedded styles are placed within the `<style>` tags, which are typically included within the `<head>` section of an HTML document. They are specified using CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) syntax and apply only to the elements within the HTML document where they are embedded.
One reason to use external styles is to promote consistency and maintainability across multiple web pages. By storing styles in a separate external CSS file, changes to the styles can be made in one place, and all web pages linked to that file will automatically reflect the updated styles.
External stylesheets are linked to web pages using the `<link>` tag within the `<head>` section of an HTML document. The `href` attribute specifies the location of the external CSS file. Web pages indicate that they are using external styles by referencing the external stylesheet through the `<link>` tag.
The incorrect code in the provided CSS snippet is missing a semicolon (;) after the `background-color` property declaration. The correct code should be: `h2 { background-color: #FF0000; border-top: thin solid #000000; }`. The missing semicolon causes the subsequent `border-top` property to be interpreted as part of the `background-color` declaration, resulting in a syntax error. This error prevents the browser from rendering the border properly.
Learn more about Markup language
brainly.com/question/16163860
#SPJ11
What do you understand by the following malicious programs (i) computer virus (ii) worm (iii) trojan horse (iv) sweeper (v) malware (vi) spyware.
Answers
Answer:
Computer virus- A computer virus is a type of malware that attaches to another program (like a document), which can replicate and spread after a person first runs it on their system. For instance, you could receive an email with a malicious attachment, open the file unknowingly, and then the computer virus runs on your computer.
Worm virus- A computer worm virus is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers. It often uses a computer network to spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it. It will use this machine as a host to scan and infect other computers.
Trojan horse virus- A Trojan Horse (Trojan) virus is a type of malware that disguises itself as legitimate code or software. Once inside the network, attackers are able to carry out any action that a legitimate user could perform, such as exporting files, modifying data, deleting files or otherwise altering the contents of the device.
Sweeper virus- Sweeper virus is a fake anti-spyware program known to be an updated version of the rogue anti-spyware program Virus Doctor. Virus Sweeper is a program that when it is installed starts to perform actions such as scanning your computer without your permission.
Malware- Malware is any software intentionally designed to cause disruption to a computer, server, client, or computer network, leak private information, gain unauthorized access to information or systems, deprive access to information, or which unknowingly interferes with the user's computer security and privacy.
Spyware- Spyware is any software that installs itself on your computer and starts covertly monitoring your online behavior without your knowledge or permission. Spyware is a kind of malware that secretly gathers information about a person or organization and relays this data to other parties.
you issue a transmission from your workstation to the following socket on your lan: 10.1.1.145:53. assuming your network uses standard port designations, what application layer protocol are you using? group of answer choices a http b dns c tcp d ip e hdcp
Answers
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a trendy that defines how to establish and hold a community dialog via which purposes can exchange data. TCP works with the Internet Protocol (IP), which defines how computer systems ship packets of data to every other.
Which port ought to he use in such a scenario so that the required encryption can be provided?HTTPS is invulnerable and is on port 443, whilst HTTP is unsecured and accessible on port 80 Information that travels on the port 443 is encrypted using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or its new version, Transport Layer Security (TLS) and therefore safer.
What are the 5 layers in the Internet Protocol stack?The TCP/IP mannequin is primarily based on a five-layer model for networking. From backside (the link) to pinnacle (the person application), these are the physical, facts link, net- work, transport, and software layers.
Learn more about issue a transmission here;
https://brainly.com/question/16950965
#SPJ4
if you wanted to find a particular number in an array of 1 million integers which method would not work
Answers
If you wanted to find a particular number in an array of 1 million integers which method would not work is binary search algorithm.
What is Binary Search?When dealing with unsorted arrays, the binary search algorithm is not reliable. Although highly efficient for sorted arrays, this commonly used search method follows a divide-and-conquer framework to quickly locate an element within logarithmic time complexity.
In the worst-case scenario, it requires at most log2(1,000,000) = 20 comparisons, which makes it a frequently sought out solution. That being said, the algorithm would fail if the array were not sorted, as its accuracy relies entirely on that particular presumption.
Read more about arrays here:
https://brainly.com/question/28061186
#SPJ1
How does your phone work?
Answers
Answer:
Radiation and enjoyment
Explanation:
In the most basic form, a cell phone is essentially a two-way radio, consisting of a radio transmitter and a radio receiver. When you chat with your friend on your cell phone, your phone converts your voice into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted via radio waves to the nearest cell tower.
Stress and anxiety. Excessive use of mobile phones is bad for your psychological health. Constant over-use of mobile phones leads to increased anxiety, feelings of loneliness, and low self-esteem. Reliance on mobile phones can also cause irritation, frustration, and impatience when they cannot be used.
Even when you can't talk, cell phones make communication easy with the use of text messaging. With more sophisticated cell phones, you can also send pictures, video clips, listen to music, and even access the Internet. Some cell phones also provide access to calculators, maps, GPS devices and television.
What is operating system name any 4 operating system explain any 2 functions of operating systems
Answers
The operating system (OS) is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
1. Windows: Developed by Microsoft, Windows is a widely used operating system for personal computers.
2. macOS: Developed by Apple, macOS is the operating system used on Apple Macintosh computers.
3. Linux: Linux is a free and open-source operating system that is highly customizable. It is commonly used in servers, supercomputers, and embedded systems.
4. Android: Android is an operating system primarily designed for mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets.
Now, let's discuss two important functions of operating systems:
1. Process Management: The operating system manages processes, which are running instances of programs. It allocates system resources, such as CPU time and memory, to different processes, ensuring efficient execution.
2. File Management: The operating system provides file management functionality, allowing users to organize and access their data.
To know more about OS visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32416794
#SPJ11
Write a literal representing the long integer value twelve billion.
Answers
The literal representing the long integer value twelve billion is "12,000,000,000".
In this representation, the commas are used to improve readability and make it easier to comprehend the magnitude of the number.
They are not required in programming languages to represent the value itself.
To understand the representation, let's break it down:
The number "12" represents the quantity of billions. One billion is equal to one thousand million, so "12 billion" means twelve sets of one thousand million.
Each set of one thousand million is represented by "1,000,000,000".
This is because a billion consists of nine zeros (1,000,000,000) when counting in the short scale system commonly used in the United States and other English-speaking countries.
By multiplying "12" by "1,000,000,000", we get the value "12,000,000,000", which represents twelve billion.
In programming languages, such as C++, Java, or Python, the commas are not allowed in numeric literals. Therefore, the literal representing twelve billion would be written as 12000000000 without the commas.
For more questions on literal representing
https://brainly.com/question/30155472
#SPJ8
bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong bing bong
Answers
Answer:
Is this free points? bingbongbingbongbingbongbingbongbingbongbingbong hehe have a nice day :)
Explanation:
Answer:
Thanks for the free points
Explanation:
Giving out free points lol ☺️☺️☺️☺️
Generalized goals are more likely to be achieved than specific goals. True or False
Answers
They are likely to be achieved because they are well defined, clear, and unambiguous.
You are using a device that reads the physical addresses contained in incoming data that travels along network cables. Based on the physical address that it reads, the device then forwards the data out one of its ports to reach the destination device. What type of device are you using
Answers
You are using a device that reads the physical addresses contained in incoming data that travels along network cables. Based on the physical address that it reads, the device then forwards the data out one of its ports to reach the destination device. The type of device you are using is router.
What is Router?A router is an hardware device that is used in transferring information or data from a system to another.
The data can also be transfered from one computer networks to another.
Router makes it easier for more than one device to be connected easily without difficult Internet access.
Therefore, The type of device you are using that reads incoming data that travels along network cables is router.
Learn more on router below
https://brainly.com/question/24812743
#SPJ1
The Fed: decreases the money supply when the economy contracts. performs banking services for commercial banks in districts where it operates. calculates the expected expenditure for the federal government every year. outlines expected revenue that is due from the collection of taxes and fees.
Answers
Answer:
performs banking services for commercial banks in districts where it operates.
Explanation:
The Federal Reserve System ( popularly referred to as the 'Fed') was created by the Federal Reserve Act, passed by the U.S Congress on the 23rd of December, 1913. The Fed began operations in 1914 and just like all central banks, the Federal Reserve is a United States government agency.
Generally, it comprises of twelve (12) Federal Reserve Bank regionally across the United States of America.
Hence, the Fed performs banking services for commercial banks in districts where it operates, as well as providing services to the general public.
Which panel is used to change the opacity of objects on a layer?
Answers
The panel that is used to change the opacity of objects on a layer is called the Layers panel. The Layers panel can be found in many graphics editing software, including Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator.
Alternatively, some graphics editing software may offer additional controls for changing the opacity of objects, such as a separate Opacity panel or a Transparency panel. These panels may offer more precise control over the transparency of an object, allowing for different levels of transparency to be applied to different areas of the object.
Overall, the Layers panel is an essential tool for managing the various elements in a design project and adjusting the opacity of objects on a layer can be easily done with this panel.
For more such question on thumbnail
https://brainly.com/question/6665379
#SPJ11
There are 150 calories in a cup of whole milk and only 84 calories in a cup of skim milk. If Rajioon switches from drinking whole milk to drinking skim milk, find the percent decrease in the number of calories per cup. (If necessary round your final answer to two decimal places.)
Answers
To find the percent decrease in the number of calories per cup when Rajioon switches from drinking whole milk to drinking skim milk.
Weneed to calculate the difference in calories between the two types of milk and express it as a percentage of the original amount.
e difference in calories per cup between whole milk and skim milk is 150 - 84 = 66 calories. To express this as a percentage of the original amount, we divide the difference by the original amount (150) and multiply by 100:
66/150 x 100 = 44%
Therefore, Rajioon will decrease the number of calories per cup by 44% if he switches from drinking whole milk to drinking skim milk.
It's worth noting that while choosing skim milk over whole milk can be a good way to reduce calorie intake, it's not the only factor to consider when making dietary choices. Skim milk may have fewer calories, but it also contains less fat and fewer nutrients than whole milk. It's important to consider the overall nutritional profile of different foods and beverages when making decisions about what to eat and drink.
To learn more about calories :
https://brainly.com/question/19240191
#SPJ11
What are the lines of communication on a motherboard?
Answers
Answer:
buslines
Explanation:
hybfndndndjdkd
what is the best practice for entering dates and times in excel?
Answers
Answer:
technology
Explanation:
communication
what type of value will myfunc() return for the given program? typedef struct sample struct { int a; int b; } sample; sample myfunc() { sample s; prin
Answers
The type of value that will return myfunc() for the given program is a sample. Hence, Option D is correct.
What is the meaning of the program?A computer follows a collection of instructions called a programme to carry out a certain task. A programme, or software programme, is a set of instructions that tells a computer's hardware how to carry out a task.
Without application software, a computer would only be able to run the operating system software and would be unable to perform any other tasks. A programme enables both the user and the machine to carry out particular tasks.
Therefore, Option D is correct.
Learn more about program from here:
https://brainly.com/question/3224396
#SPJ1
The complete question has been attached in text form:
What type of value will myFunc() return for the given program? typedef struct Sample_struct{ int a; int b; } Sample; Sample myFunc() { Sample s; printf("%d", s.a); returns: } int main(void) { Sample sam; sam = myFunc(); }
O a.int
O b.vold
O c. float
O d. Sample
definition of data redundancy
Answers
Answer:
Data redundancy occurs when the same piece of data exists in multiple places, whereas data inconsistency is when the same data exists in different formats in multiple tables. Unfortunately, data redundancy can cause data inconsistency, which can provide a company with unreliable and/or meaningless information
6.4 Assuming the budget that Car Trace management assigned for the finance department project is R120,000. Presume the actual cost and earn value of the project are R90,000 and R100, 000 respectively Answer the following questions: (a) Calculate schedule variance and cost variance. (4) (b) Calculate SPI and CPI. (c) How would you describe the performance of the project? Justify your answer. (d) Use the CPI to calculate estimate at completion for this project. Indicate how the project is performing.
Answers
To calculate the schedule variance (SV), we need to subtract the actual cost (AC) from the earned value (EV): SV = EV - AC In this case, EV is given as R100,000 and AC is given as R90,000: SV = R100,000 - R90,000 = R10,000 To calculate the cost variance (CV), we need to subtract the actual cost (AC) from the budgeted cost (BC).
The budgeted cost (BC) is given as R120,000 and AC is given as R90,000 CV = R120,000 - R90,000 = R30,000
The schedule performance index (SPI) is calculated by dividing the earned value (EV) by the planned value (PV):
SPI = EV / PV In this case, EV is given as R100,000 and PV can be calculated by multiplying the budgeted cost (BC) by the planned percentage complete (PC):
In this case, AC is given as R90,000, BC is given as R120,000, and EV is given as R100,000: EAC = R90,000 + (R120,000 - R100,000) = R110,000 The estimate at completion (EAC) for this project is R110,000. Since the EAC is higher than the budgeted cost (BC), it indicates that the project is over budget.
To know more about schedule variance visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/33535368
#SPJ11
Python String Functions: Create a new Python Program called StringPractice. Prompt the user to input their name, then complete the following:
Length
• Print: “The length of your name is: [insert length here]”
Equals
• Test to see if the user typed in your name. If so, print an appropriate message
Really appreciate the help.
Answers
#Swap this value by your name. Mine is Hamza :)
my_name = "Hamza"
#Get input from user.
inp = input("What's your name?: ")
#Print the length of his/her name.
print("The length of your name is",len(inp),"characters.")
#Check if the input matches with my name?
#Using lower() method due to the case insensitive. Much important!!
if(inp.lower()==my_name.lower()):
print("My name is",my_name,"too! Nice to meet you then.")
what types of activities are ideal for a robot to perform?
Answers
The type of activities that are ideal for a robot to perform are; Repetitive tasks
Robots are machines that are programmable by a computer which have the capacity of automatically carrying out a complex series of actions.
Now, robots are used in a wide array of industries which include manufacturing, assembly and packaging, transport, earth and space exploration, e.t.c.
The most common use are found primarily in the automobile industry where they are used to carry out repetitive tasks and those that are difficult or hazardous for humans.
Read more about robots at; https://brainly.com/question/9145476
particle swarm optimization for uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem under congestion
Answers
PSO can be used to solve the uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem under congestion by simulating the behavior of a swarm of particles.
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a metaheuristic optimization algorithm that is often used to solve complex problems.
The uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem (UMAHLP) is a problem in which multiple hubs need to be located to serve a set of demand nodes efficiently.
The goal is to minimize the total cost of serving all the demand nodes.
In the context of the UMAHLP under congestion, the problem is complicated by the presence of congestion in the network.
This means that the flow of goods between hubs and demand nodes may be affected by congestion, leading to increased travel times and costs.
To tackle this problem, PSO can be employed. PSO works by simulating the behavior of a swarm of particles in search of an optimal solution.
Each particle represents a potential solution, and its position in the search space corresponds to a set of hub locations.
The particles move through the search space, guided by their own experience and the experience of the best-performing particle in the swarm.
In the case of the UMAHLP under congestion, the PSO algorithm would need to consider the congestion levels in the network when evaluating potential solutions.
This can be done by incorporating congestion-related metrics, such as travel times or costs, into the objective function that guides the movement of the particles.
By iteratively updating the positions of the particles based on their own experience and the best solution found so far, PSO converges towards an optimal solution for the UMAHLP under congestion.
This solution represents a set of hub locations that minimize the total cost of serving all the demand nodes, taking into account the congestion in the network.
In summary, PSO can be used to solve the uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem under congestion by simulating the behavior of a swarm of particles.
By considering congestion-related metrics in the objective function, PSO can find an optimal set of hub locations that minimize the total cost of serving all the demand nodes, while accounting for congestion in the network.
To know more about congestion visit :
https://brainly.com/question/30780149
#SPJ11
Text books are not a good source for finding ideas about what to study because the teachers make up the test questions. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
Answers
Answer:
Text books are not a good source for finding ideas about what to study because the teachers make up the test questions. False- most teachers use the textbooks as guides. Visiting the library to seek books on your current topic will not help you in determining what to study.
Explanation:
Text books are not a good source for finding ideas about what to study because the teachers make up the test questions. False- most teachers use the textbooks as guides. Visiting the library to seek books on your current topic will not help you in determining what to study.
Answer:
False
Explanation: I took the test and passed!!
WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!! If a flowchart has a diamond with the words “yes” and “no” to the sides of it, then it is representing a program that is a sequence.
true
false
Answers
Answer:
false
Explanation:
a flowchart with a diamond and with the words “yes” and “no” to the sides of it, then it is representing a program with branches.
it represents branch, like an if , else statement.
It is not in sequence.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
When the core components of the linux operating system are packaged together with other open source software, it is called a:________
Answers
Answer:
Linux distribution
Explanation:
Visual Arts
AX Technology and Film
Performing Arts
Pairs
video systems technician
screenwriter
fashion designer
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
i got it right on the test
Answer:
This will help you with most of the questions, I don't know about pairs.
Explanation:
you have implemented a qos model where each application must request network resources. the router will approve or deny the request based on available resources. which qos model is being used?
Answers
There are three models for implementing QoS: Best Effort, Integrated Service, Differentiated Service.
Quality-of-Service (QoS) refers to differentiating performance based on application or network operator requirements, or providing predictable or guaranteed performance for applications, sessions, or traffic aggregation. Refers to the desired traffic control mechanism. The fundamental phenomenon of QoS is meant to relate to delay and loss of different types of packets.
Quality of Service (QoS) is a set of technologies that work within a network to ensure that high-priority applications and traffic can run in the face of limited network capacity. QoS technologies accomplish this by providing differentiated treatment and capacity allocation for specific flows of network traffic. QoS helps reduce network congestion by shutting down or throttling low-priority traffic during peak hours and using application-specific traffic routing to reduce congestion in critical sectors of the network.
The five main categories of tools used to implement QoS are: Classification and labeling. Congestion management. Avoid traffic jams. policing and shaping.
There are six categories of QoS technologies.
Classification, marking, monitoring, shaping, congestion avoidance and queuing.
Know more about QoS here:
https://brainly.com/question/17311583
#SPJ4
Write the definition of a function printDottedLine, which has no parameters and doesn't return anything. The function prints a single line consisting of 5 periods (terminated by a new line character) .
Answers
Answer:
See the short code Below
Explanation:
Let us implement the code with Python programming language
def printDottedLine ():
print("..... "\n) # this line will print 5 dots
As the United States has economy became more specialized in information
technology, what has occurred?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The specialization of the United States economy in information technology has led to significant advancements and economic growth.
The United States has witnessed a transformation in its economy as it increasingly focuses on information technology. This shift has resulted in various outcomes. Firstly, there has been a surge in technological innovation, with the development of cutting-edge software, hardware, and digital services. This has fostered the growth of tech-centric industries, creating new job opportunities and driving economic expansion. Additionally, the increased adoption of information technology has improved efficiency and productivity across sectors, leading to enhanced competitiveness in the global market. Furthermore, the specialization in information technology has fueled the rise of tech hubs and innovation clusters, such as Silicon Valley, attracting talent and investment from around the world. Overall, the economy's reliance on information technology has propelled the nation's progress in the digital age, bolstering its global leadership in this field.
Learn more about United States economy here:
https://brainly.com/question/30281176
#SPJ11
What is the purpose of the CC option in an email?
A.
Create a carbon copy of the message.
B.
Save the message as a template for future use.
C.
Send a copy of the message to one or more people.
D.
Forward a message to multiple recipients.
( Edmentum MSE )
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
send a copy of the messege
The iteration variable begins counting with which number?
O 0
O 1
O 10
O 0 or 1
Answers
Answer:
The answer to this question is given below in the explanation section.
Explanation:
The iteration variable begins counting with 0 or 1.
As you know the iteration mostly done in the looping. For example, for loop and foreach loop and while loop, etc.
It depends upon you that from where you can begin the counting. You can begin counting either from zero or from one.
For example: this program counts 0 to 9.
int total=0;
for(int i=0; i>10;i++)
{
total = total+i;
}
Let's suppose, if you want to begin counting from 1, then the loop should look like below:
int total=0;
for(int i=1; i>10;i++)
{
total = total+i;
}
Answer:
I truly believe its 0
hope it helps :)
Explanation: