Predict the two possible outcomes if temperature or pH were changed within the molecular control system of cell division.

I'm pretty sure it's that the cells would divide more or divide less, right? Because the temp or pH change would cause some enzymes to denature, and then, depending on which ones denature, the regulation of cell division would be messed up and they would either divide too much or not enough?

Answer: deficiency of carbon dioxide

Explanation:

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Monosaccharides can differ from one another in: the number of carbon atoms they contain.

Monosaccharides can be divided into groups according to the number of carbon atoms in the molecules: trioses have 3-C atoms, tetroses have 4-C atoms, pentoses have 5-C atoms and hexoses have 6-C atoms. Each of these groups have different compounds, each with the same molecular formula. The bonds  can be different between two monosaccharides. There is a difference in the orientation of a hydroxyl group in the ring form of monosaccharides. A glycosidic bond can lead to two possible stereoisomers at the anomeric carbon of one sugar. Also, the many hydroxyl groups of another sugar allow for several possible regioisomers.

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Artificially activating calcium-sodium antiports on myocardial cell membranes will cause DHP calcium channels to open. Artificially activating calcium-sodium antiports on myocardial cell membranes leads to the opening of DHP calcium channels.

Calcium-sodium antiports are transport proteins located on the cell membrane of myocardial cells. These antiports exchange intracellular calcium ions (Ca2+) for extracellular sodium ions (Na+). When artificially activated, these antiports promote the influx of calcium ions into the cell. DHP calcium channels, also known as L-type calcium channels, are voltage-gated calcium channels that are abundant in myocardial cells. They play a crucial role in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling by mediating the entry of calcium ions into the cell upon depolarization. Activation of DHP calcium channels allows calcium ions to enter the cytoplasm of the myocardial cell, triggering a cascade of events that lead to muscle contraction. The opening of DHP calcium channels is essential for calcium-induced calcium release, which is the mechanism by which calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum promote further calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This process ultimately leads to the activation of the contractile machinery in myocardial cells and subsequent contraction of the heart.

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The correct answer of the following question (D) which is protein synthesis.

A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to cell or organelle, and it may also be associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle.

Protein membrane is found in cell membrane which helps in intercellular transport of ions across the membrane, mobility of the cell , anchoring cells to their environment for nutrition, cell to cell recognition, carrying out several enzymatic reaction.

So, protein membrane provide hormones, binding sites channels and pumps for transport, cell adhesion , but it did not synthesis protein.

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Answer:

Checkpoints

Explanation:

Cancer is essentially a disease of mitosis - the normal 'checkpoints' regulating mitosis are ignored or overridden by the cancer cell. Cancer begins when a single cell is transformed, or converted from a normal cell to a cancer cell.

Answer:

Cancer: mitosis out of control

Mitosis is closely controlled by the genes inside every cell. Sometimes this control can go wrong. If that happens in just a single cell, it can replicate itself to make new cells that are also out of control. These are cancer cells

The different type of cells, there are two main types: prokaryotic lacking of lacking a nucleus and eukaryotic have a nucleus

Prokaryotic cells are typically smaller and simpler in structure, lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They are found in bacteria and archaea. Eukaryotic cells, on the other hand, are larger and more complex, they have a nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. Eukaryotic cells are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

To remember the differences between these types of cells, you can use the acronym "PEM" which stands for "Prokaryotic, Eukaryotic, Membrane-bound organelles." This can help you remember that prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have them. Another way to remember is to think of the phrase "you carry more in your eukaryotic cells," which emphasizes the greater complexity and structure of eukaryotic cells. So therefore prokaryotic and eukaryotic are the different type of cells which the differences between these in nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

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The chromosomes are arranged in their respective homologous pairs. In humans, this displays 22 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) and 1 pair of sex chromosomes.

The sex chromosomes are designated as X and Y. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, denoted as XY, while females have two X chromosomes, denoted as XX.

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A. Hydrosphere

B. Biosphere

C. Biota

D. Geosphere

E. Atmosphere

The biosphere is made up of all habitats on Earth that support life.

The Earth itself can be referred to as Geosphere.

Biota refers to animal and plant life or flora and fauna.

Hydrosphere refers to water on and under the surface of Earth.

Atmosphere refers to gases encircling the Earth.

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By the end of the Triassic dinosaurs overwhelmed ecosystems worldwide.

There was a lot of change throughout the Triassic Period.

The variety and domination of life on Earth underwent significant changes throughout this period, which was bounded by extinctions. As a result, several well-known animal groupings that would later govern the world for millions of years first appeared.

Reptiles that resembled mammals, like Lystrosaurus, ruled the early Triassic.

We still don't completely understand what led to the Permian-Triassic extinction disaster. There have been various possibilities put out, including an unidentified asteroid impact, large-scale volcanic eruptions in what is now Siberia, the release of methane from the ocean's depths, sea level change, rising aridity, or a combination of several of these.

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The main site of photosynthesis in a plant is the chloroplasts within the cells of the leaves.

Photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose (a form of stored energy) and oxygen, occurs within specialized structures called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are primarily found in the mesophyll cells of plant leaves. These cells are equipped with a large surface area and contain numerous chloroplasts to maximize the absorption of sunlight.

Within the chloroplasts, a pigment called chlorophyll captures light energy and initiates the series of chemical reactions that drive photosynthesis. The chloroplasts contain specialized membranes, such as the thylakoid membranes, which house the proteins and pigments involved in the light-dependent reactions. These reactions harness light energy to convert ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and NADP+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate).

Overall, the leaves of plants are optimized for photosynthesis due to their large surface area, extensive network of veins for water and nutrient transport, and high concentration of chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells.

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Horse tail (Equisetum) and Mucor  are not kept in the same kingdom as they belong to different kingdoms because they exhibit distinct characteristics and are classified based on their evolutionary history, cellular organization, and reproductive strategies.

Horse tails, also known as horsetails or Equisetum, are members of the plant kingdom, specifically the division Equisetophyta.

They are vascular plants that reproduce by spores.

Horse tails have a unique appearance, with jointed stems, whorls of tiny scale-like leaves, and reproductive cones at the tips of their stems.

They have a complex life cycle with alternation of generations, including both a sporophyte (dominant diploid phase) and a gametophyte (haploid phase).

Their cells have a rigid cell wall composed of cellulose, a characteristic feature of plant cells.

On the other hand, Mucor belongs to the kingdom Fungi.

Mucor is a genus of fungi within the phylum Zygomycota.

Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll and obtain nutrients through absorption.

They have a filamentous body structure called mycelium, composed of thread-like hyphae.

Mucor reproduces asexually through the production of spores, which are formed by the fusion of genetically distinct hyphae.

Fungi are heterotrophic, meaning they obtain their nutrients by breaking down organic matter in their environment.

The differentiation of horse tails (plants) and Mucor (fungi) into separate kingdoms is based on fundamental differences in their cellular organization, nutritional strategies, and reproductive mechanisms.

While both horse tails and Mucor are multicellular organisms, they belong to distinct lineages of life with diverse evolutionary histories, leading to their classification in separate kingdoms.

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1. Xylem - monocot

2. Scattered Vascular Bundles - monocot

3. Pith - monocot

4. Ringed organization of vascular bundles - eudicot

5. Cortex - both

6. Phloem - monocot

7. Secondary growth - eudicot

8. Ground tissue - both

9. Vascular bundles - both

Monocots and dicots varries in the following structures: leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Monocots consists of one cotyledon or vein while dicots have two.

Scientists call an explanation that organizes observations and predicts future behaviors or events a theory.

A theory is a widely acknowledged description of a phenomenon established on rational proof from strict practical experimentations and scientific observations. The theory of Evolution by Natural Selection is an example of a theory given by Charles Darwin.

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The three types of behavioral measures used in research are:

Behavioral sciences study the cognitive processes that occur within creatures as well as the behavioural interactions that occur between species in the natural environment. Naturalistic observation, regulated scientific testing, and mathematical modelling are used to conduct a systematic examination and investigation of animal behavior. It uses rigorous definitions and observation to get genuine, objective findings. Psychology, psychobiology, anthropology, economics, or cognitive science are examples of behavioral sciences. Behavioral science has principally demonstrated how human conduct frequently strives to generalize about human behavior as it pertains to society and its influence on society in general.

Behavioral Science was first researched extensively with in early 1900s. John B Watson was a expert pioneer in the field. In 1908, he started teaching psychology at Johns Hopkins University. He was president of the American Psychological Association in 1915. Some of his methodologies for researching behavioral science have been called into question.

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Answer:

fruiting body is called cap

The mycelium is the fruiting body found above ground in fungi.

The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.

A hypha is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium.

A mycelium is a network of fungal threads or hyphae. Mycelia often grow underground but can also thrive in other places such as rotting tree trunks. A single spore can develop into a mycelium. The fruiting bodies of fungi, such as mushrooms, can sprout from a mycelium.

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Answer:

Typical plant fats, such as sunflower oil and corn oil are Liquid in form and High in polyunsaturated fatty acid content.

Explanation:

Answer:

true

Explanation:

Explanation:

True

Yes it is true. A community can include more than one more population and it has to.

The evolution of human bipedalism, which started in primates about four million years ago, or as early as seven million years ago with Sahelanthropus.

About twelve million years ago with Danuvius guggenmosi, has resulted in morphological alterations to the human skeleton, including changes to the arrangement, shape, and size of the bones of the foot, hip, knee, and leg, as well as the vertebral column. These modifications made it possible for the upright gait to be more energy-efficient overall than that of quadrupeds. There are a number of theories that relate to global environmental changes on the evolution factors that caused these changes.

To produce and use tools effectively, reach for fruit in trees, and move around more easily when bipedal, hominids needed their arms to be entirely free, use their hands for social display and communication.

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Answer:

Urinary bladder.

Explanation:

The urinary bladder, uterus, stomach and intestines are the regions in the body where smooth muscles are found. Striated muscles are found in the walls of the heart. These muscles are involuntary means we can't control it, it works itself without the will of the humans. Cardiac muscles are considered striated muscles because of the presence of repeating bands which forms the structure of the cardiac wall.

They are known by two synonymous names: transposable elements or transposons. These elements can move within a genome and have various consequences for a gene and the host genome.

(a) The two synonymous names for the genetic elements discovered by Dr. McClintock are transposable elements and transposons. These terms refer to segments of DNA that have the ability to move or transpose within a genome.

(b) Transposable elements can have various effects on genes and the host genome. They can insert themselves into a gene, disrupting its function and causing mutations. They can also influence gene expression by inserting near regulatory regions, affecting the level of gene activity. Additionally, transposable elements can cause genomic rearrangements, such as duplications, deletions, or inversions, altering the structure of the genome.

(c) The activity of transposable elements requires specific genes called transposase genes. Transposase enzymes catalyze the movement of transposable elements within the genome. Transposable elements can be classified into two main classes: Class I retrotransposons and Class II DNA transposons. Class I retrotransposons transpose via a copy-and-paste mechanism, where the element is first transcribed into RNA, then reverse transcribed back into DNA and inserted at a new location. Class II DNA transposons, on the other hand, move through a cut-and-paste mechanism, directly excising from one genomic location and reinserting into another.

(d) Dr. McClintock initially faced resistance and skepticism from the scientific community, which led her to withhold publishing her findings for nearly 20 years. At the time, the prevailing belief was that genes were fixed entities with stable positions in the genome. Dr. McClintock's discovery of mobile genetic elements challenged this view and was initially met with skepticism.

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Answer:

All is in order.......

stimulus is a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

homeostasis is the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

Irritability is that characteristic of living organisms in being aware of, and being able to respond to, a stimulus which tends to disturb the steady state or homeostasis which all organisms prefer for maintaining life.

Humans' internal body temperature is a great example of homeostasis. When someone is healthy, their body maintains a temperature close to 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius). Being warm-blooded creatures, humans can increase or decrease temperature internally to keep it at a desirable level.

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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and halons destroy the earth's protective ozone layer, which shields the earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV-B) rays generated from the sun.

Answer: A

The most likely organism causing this infection is Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters and growth on Mannitol Salt agar with yellow halos around the colonies are characteristic of S. aureus.

The doctor was able to diagnose this infection by performing a Gram stain and culture of the fluid from the swollen knee.

The Gram stain allows for visualization of the morphology and arrangement of the bacteria, while culture on Mannitol Salt agar allows for the identification of S. aureus based on its ability to ferment mannitol and produce yellow halos around the colonies.

However, the diagnosis of joint infections and the identification of causative organisms are typically covered in microbiology courses and related textbooks.

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Answer:

Inversion, because it's switched to the opposite order. d e f becomes f e d

Explanation:

Answer:

During a process called photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide, sunlight ,and water.

Plants make sugar and give off oxygen as a by-product of this process.

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The name given to the cells produced at the end of meiosis 1 in females is secondary oocytes.

Secondary oocytes, also known as secondary follicles, are a stage of egg cell development that occurs during the menstrual cycle in women. These cells are formed after the primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I, which produces two cells: a secondary oocyte and a polar body.

The secondary oocyte is larger than the polar body and contains most of the cytoplasm and organelles of the original cell. It is surrounded by a layer of cells called the corona radiata and a protective coating called the zona pellucida.

If the secondary oocyte is fertilized by a sperm cell, it undergoes meiosis II and forms a mature ovum (or egg cell) and another polar body. The mature ovum is then capable of being fertilized by a sperm cell and developing into an embryo. If the secondary oocyte is not fertilized, it will degenerate and be expelled from the body during menstruation.

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In eukaryotes, what is the term used for codons that do not code for proteins that are interspersed with those that do?

introns