Predict the geometry of NO2^- using the VSEPR method.

Answer:

Substance that are used in the reaction

Explanation:

I hope this will help you

Answer:

Substances that are used in the reaction. Hope my answer helps you!

Answer:

- few nutrients

- low temperatures

-very little sunlight

Explanation:

Answer:

I think it's: located near coasts.

Answer;

1.Arrow A represents the process of photosynthesis.

2.This shows the process of light energy converting into chemical energy

3.Photosynthesis absorbs carbon dioxide and converts it into energy as biomass, so that its able to be used for something else later on.

Explanation:

Part I

At location G, the process of combustion is taking place where hydrocarbon or organic carbon from the fossil fuel is burnt in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water as the products.

CxHy = CO₂ + H₂O

Part II

At point G there is no transformation of energy since during the process of combustion energy will still be stored in form of chemical energy in the bonds of carbon Iv oxide and the water produced during the reaction.

Part III

The process shows recycling of carbon in the carbon cycle. This is because carbon from living organisms is cycled to non living organisms. When plants and animals die and are buried deep in the ground, they are then slowly converted to fossil fuels which contain organic hydrocarbon compounds including petrol, kerosene and other compounds. Then the fossils are used in the industries and undergoes combustion releasing carbon iv oxide which is then released to the atmosphere and used by the plants and animals. The process starts once again.

it the same:]

Photosynthesis is a process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and use energy from the Sun to convert it into glucose.

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At 25°c, a 15.000 g sample of an unknown liquid was determined to have the volume of 19.01 mL. The density of the liquid is 0.789 g/mL.

The mass of the sample of the unknown liquid = 15 g

The volume of the sample of the unknown liquid = 19.01

The expression for the density is expressed as follows :

The density = mass / volume

The density of the substance is the measurement of the mass per unit the volume.

The density = mass / volume

where,

Mass = 15 g

Volume = 19.01 mL

The density = 15 / 19.01

The density = 0.789 g/ mL

This question is incomplete , the complete question is :

At 25°c, a 15.000 g sample of an unknown liquid was determined to have a volume of 19.01 mL. calculate the density of the liquid.

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On completing and balancing the half-reaction of chromium (iii) forming from dichromate the number of electrons are either produced or consumed  are option (b): Three electrons are produced.

To determine the number of electrons produced or consumed in the half-reaction of chromium(III) forming from dichromate, let's first write the balanced half-reaction. The dichromate ion (Cr2O7^2-) is reduced to chromium(III) ion (Cr^3+) in this reaction. We can represent the reduction half-reaction as follows:

Cr2O7^2- ⟶ Cr^3+

To balance the half-reaction, we need to equalize the number of chromium atoms and oxygen atoms on both sides. Since there are two chromium atoms on the left side and only one on the right side, we add a coefficient of 2 in front of the chromium ion:

2Cr2O7^2- ⟶ 2Cr^3+

Now, let's examine the changes in oxidation state for chromium in this reaction. In dichromate (Cr2O7^2-), chromium has an oxidation state of +6, while in chromium(III) (Cr^3+), it has an oxidation state of +3. Therefore, the oxidation state of chromium decreases by 3 in this reduction half-reaction.

Reduction involves a gain of electrons. Since the oxidation state of chromium decreases by 3, it means that three electrons are gained by each chromium ion. Therefore, the correct answer is option (b): Three electrons are produced.

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Answer:

c. Six electrons are consumed

Explanation:

The first step is to ensure that the chromium atoms are balanced by adjusting the coefficients if needed. Do so by giving the Cr3+ ion a coefficient of 2.

Cr2O2−7 ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq)

Next, balance the oxygen atoms by adding H2O molecules. The half-reaction has seven O atoms on the left and none on the right, so add 7H2O (l) to the right side.

Cr2O2−7 ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O (l)

Next, balance the hydrogen atoms by adding H+ ions. The half-reaction has 14 H atoms on the right side and none on the left, so add 14H+(aq) to the left side.

Cr2O2−7 + 14H+ (aq) ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O (l)

At this point, the charge can be balanced by adding electrons (e−). To do so, find the total charge on each side of the reaction. The left side has a total charge of (−2) + 14 × (+1) = 12+. The right side has a total charge of 2 × (+3) = 6+. Adding 6e− to the left side brings the charge down to 6+ to match the right side.

Cr2O2−7 + 14H+ (aq) +6e− ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O (l)

This gives us the answer to the question, which is that six electrons are consumed, since they are on the left side of the equation. Note that it does not make a difference whether the reaction is assumed to be in an acidic or a basic solution. The extra step taken for a basic solution is to add the same number of OH− ions to both sides of the reaction, which does not affect the number of electrons needed to balance the charges.

The rate constant (k) of the first-order reaction is 0.0172 min^ -1, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide decomposed after 30 minutes is 29.7 ml.

a. To calculate the rate constant (k) of the first-order reaction, we can use the following formula:
    ln (Ct/Co) = -kt
    Where:
  - Ct is the concentration at time t
  - Co is the initial concentration
  - k is the rate constant
  - t is the time
    We can rearrange the formula to isolate k:
    k = - (ln (Ct/Co)) / t
    Substituting the given values, we get:
    k = - (ln (10.6/72.6)) / 50
    k = 0.0172 min^-1 (rounded to four significant figures)
    Therefore, the rate constant (k) of the first-order reaction is 0.0172 min^-1.

b. To calculate the amount of hydrogen peroxide decomposed after 30 minutes, we can use the first-order integrated     rate law:
ln (Co/Ct) = kt
Where:
- Co is the initial concentration
- Ct is the concentration at time t
- k is the rate constant
- t is the time
 We can rearrange the formula to isolate Ct:
 Ct = Co * e^(-kt)
 Substituting the given values, we get:

 Ct = 72.6 * e^(-0.0172*30)
 Ct = 42.9 ml (rounded to three significant figures)
 Therefore, the amount of hydrogen peroxide decomposed after 30 minutes is:
 72.6 ml - 42.9 ml = 29.7 ml (rounded to three significant figures)

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Answer:

Explanation:

1 standard deviation range will look like: [average - SD, average + SD]

Here the miximum value will be: average - SD = 2.6 - 0.80 = 1.80 ml

and the maximum value will be: average + SD = 2.6 + 0.80 = 3.40ml

a) vapor, b) saturated liquid, c) saturated liquid, d) compressed liquid, e) compressed liquid, f) compressed liquid, g) compressed liquid, h) compressed liquid.

The phase of substances in different states using Thermodynamic Properties Tables (in Appendix B) is given below:

a) The phase of water at 60∘C and 60kPa is vapor.

b) The phase of water at 100∘C and 60kPa is saturated liquid.

c) The phase of water at 100∘C and 500kPa is saturated liquid.

d) The phase of water at 25∘C and 120kPa is compressed liquid.

e) The phase of ammonia at -25∘C and 120kPa is compressed liquid.

f) The phase of ammonia at 25∘C and 120kPa is compressed liquid.

g) The phase of R-134a at -25∘C and 120kPa is compressed liquid.

h) The phase of R-134a at 25∘C and 120kPa is compressed liquid.

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Answer: Two, Wobble, Eclipsing.

Explanation:

A binary star system is made of two stars, one of which is brighter than the other. Astronomers are able to detect the dimmer star because its gravity causes the bright star to wobble. Astronomers can also spot the dimmer star by observing a phenomenon called an eclipsing binary.

Answer:

Two, Wobble, Eclipsing.

Explanation:

Answer:

Solid- Definite shape

Solid and Liquid- Definite volume, Not easy to compress, if at all

Gas- No Definite Volume

Liquid and Gas- No Definite shape

The characteristics for each phase of matter in the table where it belongs are as follows:

The states of matter may be defined as the three distinct physical forms which matter can take in most environments. They are as follows:

Each of the states of matter significantly possesses specific chemical and physical properties. For example, solids generally have a definite volume, are relatively rigid, and atoms or molecules are attached to each other very compactly.

Liquids possess a definite volume and have the ability to alter their shape through flowing. The atoms are loosely bonded to one another.

Gas has no definite volume or shape. This state of matter is easily compressed as well.

Therefore, the characteristics for each phase of matter in the table where it belongs are well described.

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The weight of each stopper can vary based on the material, size, and manufacturing process used, so it is not possible to determine the number of rubber stoppers needed without more information.

Weight is a measure of the force of gravity on an object and is typically measured in units of Newtons (N), pounds (lb), or kilograms (kg).

Average weight, on the other hand, refers to the sum of the weights of a group of objects divided by the number of objects in the group. It provides an estimate of the typical or central value of the weights in the group. The units of average weight are the same as the units used to measure weight.

The number of rubber stoppers needed to contain the same number of stoppers as there are corks in 1.0 kg of corks would depend on the average weight of each type of stopper.

The weight of each stopper can vary based on the material, size, and manufacturing process used, so it is not possible to determine the number of rubber stoppers needed without more information.

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Hence, methionine is the common starting amino acid for all polypeptides, however further processing processes may remove some of the original methionine.

While a start codon is necessary for translation to commence, the codon AUG can also come later in an mRNA's coding sequence, where it only designates the amino acid methionine.

646464 distinct codons make up the genetic code, as was already explained. But what are the 444444 additional codons accomplishing if there are only 202020 amino acids? Some are stop codons, as we saw, but the majority are not. Yet, it turns out that the genetic code is degenerate, meaning that some amino acids are defined by more than one codon. Proline, for instance, is encoded by four distinct codons (CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG). Whenever an mRNA has one of these codons.

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Answer:

Molecules change speed based on temperature and state of matter. The warmer they are, the faster they move and vice versa. Solids are at a lower temperature than gases and liquids, which means the molecules are moving slower, and hold together better, also explaining why solids aren't malleable.

The particles gather kinetic energy and accelerate as the temperature rises.

Kinetic energy is defined as an object is the energy it has since it is in motion. It is explained as the amount of effort required to move a mass-based body from rest to the indicated velocity. The body keeps its kinetic energy, which it acquired during acceleration, unless its speed changes.

The actual average speed of the particles is influenced by both their mass and temperature; at a given temperature, larger particles travel more slowly than lighter ones. Temperature and the physical state of the materials affect the speed of molecules. They move more quickly in warmer temperatures and vice versa. Since solids have lower temperatures than gases and liquids, their molecules move more slowly and adhere to one another more tightly, which also explains why solids aren't bendable.

Thus, the particles gather kinetic energy and accelerate as the temperature rises.

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Answer: covalent bond

Explanation: The carbon-hydrogen bond is a bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms that can be found in many organic compounds.

The d-orbital starts in the third energy level (n = 3) of an atom.

Each energy level can contain one or more sublevels, including s, p, d, and f sublevels. The first energy level (n = 1) has one s orbital and can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. The second energy level (n = 2) has one s orbital and three p orbitals, allowing for a maximum of 8 electrons. The third energy level (n = 3) has one s orbital, three p orbitals, and five d orbitals, accommodating a maximum of 18 electrons.

The d-orbitals are found in the third energy level, corresponding to the third period of the periodic table. Therefore, the period number for the energy level where the d-orbital starts is 3.

The filling order of orbitals follows the pattern: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, and so on. The d-orbitals start filling after the p-orbitals in the third energy level. The electron configuration for the third energy level is written as 3s^2 3p^6 3d^1-10, depending on the element.

For example, the electron configuration of iron (Fe) is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^6 4s^2. This configuration indicates that the d-orbitals of iron are half-filled with 5 electrons.

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The heat of Reaction or Enthalpy is defined as the changes in the heat during a chemical reaction. The change in heat is calculated as the sum of all the heat change in products minus the sum of all the changes in the reactants.

The chemical reaction between nitrogen and oxygen is given as:

\(\rm 2 N O_2 \rightarrow N_2 + 2 O_2\\\\ \rm \Delta\; H_{f} &= 33.84 kJ/mol\)

Now, we know:

Thus, the enthalpy change for the reaction will be 84.6 energy released.

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Answer:

C. 84.6 kJ of energy released

Explanation:

edg 22

The percentage of fluorine in the given compound is 49%.

The given compound;

CaF₂

The molecular mass of the given compound is calculated as follows;

CaF₂ = (40) + (19 x 2)

        =   40  +  38  

        =  78 g/mol

The mass of fluorine in the given compound = 38 g/mol

The percentage of fluorine in the given compound is calculated as follows;

\(= \frac{38}{78} \times 100\%\\\\= 48.7 \%\\\\\approx 49\%\)

Thus, the percentage of fluorine in the given compound is 49%.

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In picture one, there are four electrons, one valance electrons and two shells, in image two there are three electrons, one valance electrons and two shells whereas there are 13 electrons, three valance electrons and three shells.

Electrons:

An electron is a negatively charged particle which can be either bounded with to an atom. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure.

Valence Electrons:

Valence electrons are those electrons which are present in outermost shell or in valence shell or energy level of an atom. For example, oxygen has six valence electrons, two in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell.

Electron Shells Numbers:

Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: the first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight (2 + 6) electrons, the third shell can hold up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) and so on.

So we can conclude that In picture one, there are four electrons, one valance electrons and two shells, in image two there are three electrons, one valance electrons and two shells whereas there are 13 electrons, three valance electrons and three shells.

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By following these steps, you can create a D optimal design table for a diet (dark) chocolate formulation, which will help optimize the variables and response factors for your experiment.To create a D optimal design table for a diet (dark) chocolate formulation, follow these steps:

1. Identify the variables: Start by listing the variables that may affect the desired response factors. In this case, the variables could include cocoa percentage, sugar content, emulsifier type, and temperature during processing.

2. Determine the response factors: Identify the response factors that you want to measure and optimize. In this case, the response factors could be viscosity, polyphenol content, and fat content.

3. Use a statistical software or online tool: Utilize statistical software or online tools specifically designed for experimental design, such as Design-Expert or JMP. These tools can help generate a D optimal design table based on the identified variables and response factors.

4. Set up the design table: Enter the identified variables and their corresponding levels in the software/tool. For example, cocoa percentage can be set at levels of 60%, 70%, and 80%, while sugar content can be set at levels of 20%, 30%, and 40%.

5. Specify the number of experimental runs: Decide on the number of experimental runs you want to conduct. A D optimal design table will suggest the most efficient and informative number of runs based on the specified variables and desired level of accuracy.

6. Run the experiments: Follow the experimental plan provided by the D optimal design table and conduct the experiments accordingly. Make sure to record the values of the response factors for each run.

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Answer: the answer is 35.6

Explanation:

Look up the answer but take out you must show all your work and resources should pop up I’m on the same question now for chemistry so I’m putting 35.6L

Stoichiometric equations for the combustion reactions ΔHf° (C2H2) = (2 x (-393.5)) + (-285.8) - (-1299.5) = +226.7 kJ mol-1(c) Acetylene hydrogenation reaction

Acetylene combustion reaction:C2H2 (g) + (5/2) O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ΔHc° = -1299.5 kJ mol-1 Hydrogen combustion reaction:2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (l) ΔHc° = - 483.7 kJ mol-1Ethane combustion reaction:C2H6 (g) + (7/2) O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + 3 H2O (l) ΔHc° = - 1560 kJ mol-1(b) Heat of formation method for verifying the standard heat of combustion of acetylene: The standard heat of combustion of acetylene from the heat of formation method is:ΔHc° (C2H2) = 2 ΔHf° (CO2) + ΔHf° (H2O) - 2 ΔHf° (C2H2) = -1299.5 kJ mol-1ΔHf° (CO2) = -393.5 kJ mol-1ΔHf° (H2O) = -285.8 kJ mol-1.

For verifying the answer in Q4(e)(1) using Hess's Law, we need to convert acetylene hydrogenation reaction into a combination of other reactions:Reaction 1:C2H2 (g) + (2.5) O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ΔH1 = -1299.5 kJ mol-1Reaction 2:2 CO2 (g) + 2.5 H2 (g) → C2H6 (g) + 5 O2 (g) ΔH2 = +1560 kJ mol-1After multiplying and adding the above equations, we get the required reaction as:C2H2 (g) + 2 H2 (g) → C2H6 (g) ΔH = -396.1 kJ mol-1.

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We need the concentrations of hydrogen gas, water vapour, and oxygen gas to proceed further. If these concentrations are provided, we can substitute them into the equations and solve for δG° and Kp.

To calculate δG°, we need to use the equation δG° = -RT ln(Kp), where R is the gas constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin. To calculate Kp, we use the equation Kp = [H2]²/[H2O]²[O2]. By substituting the given values and solving the equations, we can find δG° and Kp.

To calculate δG° for the given equilibrium reaction at 25.00°C, we can use the equation δG° = -RT ln(Kp), where δG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K)), and T is the temperature in Kelvin. In this case, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15 (25.00°C + 273.15 = 298.15 K).

To calculate Kp for the equilibrium reaction 2H2O(g) ⇌ 2H2(g) + O2(g), we can use the equation Kp = [H2]²/[H2O]²[O2]. Here, [H2] represents the concentration of hydrogen gas, [H2O] represents the concentration of water vapour, and [O2] represents the concentration of oxygen gas.

Now, let's substitute the given values into the equations and solve:

δG° = -RT ln(Kp)
= -(8.314 J/(mol·K)) * 298.15 K * ln(Kp)

Kp = [H2]²/[H2O]²[O2]
= ([H2]²) / ([H2O]²[O2])

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Answer:

D) He did not multiply the chlorine and oxygen atoms by the coefficient 4.

Explanation:

The coefficient 4 at the beginning of the chemical formula indicates that there are four Ca(ClO3)2 molecules. Think of this as Ca(ClO3)2 × 4. This means that he had to multiply the number of atoms for each element by 4 as well, so he should've ended up with 4 total calcium atoms (which is correct), 8 total chlorine atoms, and and 24 total oxygen atoms. He did not get all these answers because he didn't multiply the chlorine and oxygen atoms by the coefficient 4.

Answer:

D) He did not multiply the chlorine and oxygen atoms by the coefficient 4.

Explanation:

Answer:

Percentage yield = 92.86%

Explanation:

We are given;

Actual yield = 3.9 grams

Theoretical yield = 4.2 grams

Formula for percent yield is;

% yield = (actual yield/theoretical yield) × 100%

Thus;

% yield = (3.9/4.2) × 100%

% yield = 92.86%

Chlorophyll molecules in chloroplasts normally only fluoresce a very small amount compared to chlorophyll that has been extracted into a solvent solution, true.

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Answer:

wind and soil? north?

Explanation:

The compound that is a secondary amine among the following is CH3CH2CH2NHCH3.

Amines are organic compounds that contain nitrogen. They are classified according to the number of alkyl or aryl groups that are bonded to nitrogen. Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are the three classifications. 1. (CH3)3CNHCH3 is a tertiary amine and not a secondary amine. 2. CH3CH(NH2)CH2CH3 is a primary amine, not a secondary amine. 3. CH3CH2CH2NHCH3 is a secondary amine and falls under the classification of a secondary amine. 4. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2 is a primary amine, not a secondary amine.Therefore, the compound that is a secondary amine among the following is CH3CH2CH2NHCH3.

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A germinating seed is one from which a plant has started to grow. A non-germinating seed is usually dry, and a new plant has not yet emerged. The germinating corn seed consumed more oxygen than the non-germinating corn seed. This statement is true.  Therefore, option A is correct.

A dry seed starts to absorb water through its seed coat when it comes into touch with damp soil or growing medium. The seed swells and the seed coat splits open as it absorbs more water. Small shoots and roots make up the embryo inside the seed. First to appear from the seed is the root.

The prerequisites for seed germination include oxygen, water, temperature, and, only for particular seeds, light. The sprouting of seeds is impacted when one or more of these are missing. Similar internal elements that impact this process include seed viability, dormancy, and embryonic maturity.

Thus, option A is correct.

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