Answer:
ecosystem
Explanation:
An ecosystem includes all of the living things (plants, animals and organisms) in a given area, interacting with each other, and also with their non-living environments (weather, earth, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere). The living and nonliving components of the ecosystem are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Ecosystems are of any size, but usually they are in particular places.
In an ecosystem, plants depend on the soil for nutrients. These nutrients are cycled in nature by the various biogeochemical cycles within the ecosystem. The ecosystem is a self sustaining unit in terms of materials and energy flow.
Answer:
D. ecosystem
Explanation:
An ecosystem is a large community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a particular area. The living and physical components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.
In an ecosystem there is symbiotic relationship which entails each living organism contributes to the well being of the other and the entire population.
which description best fits the definition of activated complex? select the correct answer below: an activated complex is a catalyst present in a different phase from the reactants. an activated complex is a catalyst present in the same phase as the reactants. an activated complex is a molecule or ion produced in one step of a reaction mechanism and consumed in another. an activated complex is an unstable combination of reactant species representing the highest energy state of a reaction system.
The description that fits best is: "an activated complex is an unstable combination of reactant species representing the highest energy state of a reaction system."
A brief-lived species called an activated complex, commonly referred to as a transition state, develops during a chemical process. It is a highly energetic intermediate state where the reactant molecules are momentarily linked in a manner distinct from that of the starting materials or the products.
The activated complex immediately disintegrates into the products or returns to the reactants due to its instability. The energy barrier that must be crossed in order for the reaction to take place is represented by the activation energy, which is needed to produce the activated complex.
The activated compound is not a catalyst and is not separated from the reactants by a distinct phase. It is merely a transient, highly energetic intermediate state that develops during a chemical process. It cannot be directly viewed, but its presence can be deduced from theoretical calculations or experimental findings.
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why is cinnamon gum so hot.
Answer:
It has a chemical called cinnamaldehyde in it and cinnamaldehyde is a skin irritant
Explanation:
How many formula units are equal to 1.8 moles of magnesium iodide?
Report your answer to three decimal places and in scientific notation. Ex. 6.02x10^23
Hurry please.
1.8 moles of magnesium iodide is equivalent to \(1.08516 * 10^{24}\) formula units. This answer can also be written in scientific notation as 1.08516e+24 formula units.
To determine the number of formula units in 1.8 moles of magnesium iodide, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is \(6.022 * 10^{23}\) formula units per mole.
First, we need to find the molar mass of magnesium iodide, which is 278.113 g/mol.
Given that 1.8 moles of magnesium iodide is present that needs to be converted into formula units..
Next, we can use the following calculation:
1.8 moles x \(6.022 * 10^{23}\) formula units/mole = \(1.08516 * 10^{24}\) formula units
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Under certain conditions the rate of this reaction is zero order in ammonia with a rate constant of 0.0043 M-s 2NH, (g) →N, (g) + 3H₂(g) Suppose a 250. ml. flask is charged under these conditions with 150. mmol of ammonia. How much is left 30. s later? You may assume no other reaction is important. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and round it to 2 significant digits.
After 30 seconds, approximately 149.87 mmol of ammonia is left in the flask.
How to calculate amount?To determine the amount of ammonia left after 30 seconds, use the zero-order rate equation:
[Ammonia] = [Ammonia]₀ - k × t
Where:
[Ammonia] = concentration of ammonia at time t
[Ammonia]₀ = initial concentration of ammonia
k = rate constant
t = time
Given:
Initial concentration of ammonia, [Ammonia]₀ = 150 mmol
Rate constant, k = 0.0043 M/s
Time, t = 30 s
Substituting the values into the equation:
[Ammonia] = 150 mmol - (0.0043 M/s) * 30 s
[Ammonia] = 150 mmol - 0.129 mmol
[Ammonia] = 149.87 mmol
Therefore, after 30 seconds, approximately 149.87 mmol of ammonia is left in the flask.
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in the laboratory, a student adds 44.2 ml of water to 20.6 ml of a 0.652 m hydroiodic acid solution. what is the concentration of the diluted solution? assume the volumes are additive.
The concentration of diluted solution is 0.2 M.
The concentration and volume are related by the formula - \( M_{1}\) \( V_{1}\) = \( M_{2}\) \( V_{2}\), where \( M_{1}\) and \( M_{2}\) are initial and final concentration. \( V_{1}\) and \( V_{2}\) are initial and final volumes.
Keep the values in relation to find the concentration of final diluted solution.
0.652 × 20.6 = \( M_{2}\) × (44.2 + 20.6)
Performing addition on Right Hand Side
0.652 × 20.6 = \( M_{2}\) × 64.8
Performing multiplication and division
\( M_{2}\) = 13.43÷64.8
\( M_{2}\) = 0.2 M
Thus, the diluted solution is 0.2 M.
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☆please help due in 1 hour!☆
How is the isotope of hydrogen different from the non isotopic form of hydrogen?
what does Le châteliers principle state?
what are the reactants of lactic acid fermentation
Answer:
energy story for lactic acid fermentation
Explanation:
the reactants are pyruvate NADH and proton
-1.42, 3, 32.5%, √4, 2³, −0.375, 3/8 as a decimal least to greatest
Answer:
-1.42, -0.375, 32.5% (.325), 3/8 (.375), √4 (2.0), 3 (3.0), 2³ (8.0)
3.
The dimensions of a cuboid are in the ratio of 1:2:3 and its total surface area is
88m square. Find
the dimensions.
Answer:
The length of the cuboid =x=2m, breadth =2x=4m, height =3x=6m
Explanation:
Let the length of the cuboid =x, breadth =2x, height =3x
Total surface area of a cuboid =2(l×b+b×h+l×h)
Given, total surface area of the cuboid =88m^2
2( x*2x + 2x*3x + x*3x )=88m
22x^2 =88
x=2
Hence, the length of the cuboid =x=2m, breadth =2x=4m, height =3x=6m
How much energy is released (in kJ) in the fusion reaction of 2H
to yield 1 mol of 3He?
The atomic mass of 2H
is 2.0141 amu, and the atomic mass of 3He
is 3.0160 amu.
221H→32He+10n
The energy released in the fusion reaction of 2H to yield 1 mol of 3He is 1.4963 x 10⁻⁹ kJ/mol.
The energy that is released in the fusion reaction of 2H to yield 1 mol of 3He can be calculated using the difference between the masses of the reactants and products.
The mass difference can be converted to energy using Einstein's famous equation E=mc². Here is the step-by-step solution:
Step 1: Calculate the mass difference between the reactants and products.2H = 2.0141 amu3He = 3.0160 amu2H - 32He = 3.0160 amu - 2.0141 amu = 1.0019 amu
Step 2: Convert amu to grams.1 amu = 1.66 x 10⁻²⁴ g1.0019 amu x (1.66 x 10⁻²⁴ g/amu) = 1.663074 x 10⁻²⁴ g
Step 3: Calculate the mass of 1 mole of 3He.3He = 3.0160 g/mol
Step 4: Calculate the energy using
E=mc².E = (1.663074 x 10⁻²⁴ g) x (2.998 x 10⁸ m/s)²E
= 1.4963 x 10⁻⁶ J/mol1 kJ
= 1000 J1.4963 x 10⁻⁶ J/mol x (1 kJ/1000 J)
= 1.4963 x 10⁻⁹ kJ/mol
Therefore, the energy released in the fusion reaction of 2H to yield 1 mol of 3He is 1.4963 x 10⁻⁹ kJ/mol.
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Answer the following questions related to sulfur and one of its compounds. (a) Consider the two chemical species S and S2 (i) Write the electron configuration of each species. (ii) Explain why the sulfide ion has a larger radius than the sulfur atom (iii) A paramagnetic atom is attracted to a magnetic field because it has unpaired electrons. A diamagnetic atom is not attracted to a magnetic field, because it has no unpaired electrons. Indicate which species is diamagnetic and which is paramagnetic (iv) The S-2 is isoelectronic with the argon atom. Would it be easier to remove an electron from the sulfide ion or the argon atom? Why? (v) Would H2S or H2O have stronger London (dispersion) forces? (vi) Compare the strength of the dipole-dipole interactions in H2S and H20.
The electron configuration of sulfur (S) is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4. and S2: Sulfur forms a stable S2 molecule through the sharing of two electrons. In this case, the electron configuration of S2 can be represented as (σ2s)^2(σ2s*)^2(π2px)^2(π2py)^2(π2pz)^2, where the asterisk (*) denotes an anti-bonding orbital.
(ii) Explanation for the larger radius of sulfide ion:
The sulfide ion (S-2) has a larger radius than the sulfur atom. This is because when sulfur gains two electrons to form the sulfide ion, the additional electrons enter higher energy orbitals and experience increased electron-electron repulsion. This repulsion causes the electron cloud to expand, resulting in a larger ionic radius for the sulfide ion compared to the neutral sulfur atom.
(iii) Diamagnetic and paramagnetic species:
- S: Sulfur (S) has an electron configuration with two unpaired electrons in its 3p subshell, making it paramagnetic.
- S2: The S2 molecule has a complete pairing of electrons in all its orbitals, resulting in all electrons being paired. Therefore, S2 is diamagnetic.
(iv) Easier removal of an electron:
It would be easier to remove an electron from the sulfide ion (S-2) compared to the argon atom. This is because the sulfide ion has a larger radius and a higher electron cloud volume compared to the argon atom, allowing for greater electron-electron repulsion.
(v) Stronger London (dispersion) forces:
H2S would have stronger London (dispersion) forces compared to H2O. This is because sulfur (S) is larger and has more electrons than oxygen (O), leading to larger electron clouds and a greater surface area for temporary instantaneous dipoles to form. As a result, the London forces in H2S are stronger than those in H2O.
(vi) Strength of dipole-dipole interactions:
The strength of dipole-dipole interactions is higher in H2O compared to H2S. This is due to the greater electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen in water, resulting in stronger dipole moments. In H2S, the electronegativity difference between sulfur and hydrogen is smaller, leading to weaker dipole-dipole interactions.
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A reaction occur more quickly when powdered iron i ued intead of a ingle piece of iron of the ame ma becaue the powdered iron
Repone
act a a better catalyt than the ingle piece of iron
act a a better catalyt than the ingle piece of iron
ha a greater urface area than the ingle piece of iron
ha a greater urface area than the ingle piece of iron
aborb le energy than the ingle piece of iron
aborb le energy than the ingle piece of iron
i more metallic than the ingle piece of iron
Breaking bonds in the reagents, rearranging those atoms into new groups (the products), and creating new bonds in the products are all components of a chemical reaction.
What is a reaction in science?In a chemical reaction, one or more chemicals, usually known as reactants, change into one or more other compounds, frequently referred to as products. Chemical parts or chemical elements make up substances. A response is a behavior, propensity, or course of action that is different from what was first intended. Decisions are taken in the heat of the moment without much thought or consideration of the potential repercussions. Reaction: Making a declaration in response to another person's action or remark.
What are examples of reactions and what causes chemical reactions?Changes in color, temperature, gas production, or precipitant formation are common outcomes of chemical reactions. Combustion, digestion, and cooking are a few straightforward instances of daily reactions.
Atoms create and break chemical bonds during chemical reactions. Reactants are the molecules that initiate a chemical reaction,
Therefore, a collision between reactant particles must not only take place, but it must also have enough energy to break the all reactant bonds necessary for the formation of the products.Different reactions require different amounts of collision energy. The activation energy, also known as Ea, is the quantity of energy that reactant particles require in order to break the previous bonds and cause a reaction to take place.Looking at an energy diagram, like the one in the figure, is another method to consider this. If particles are to respond, they must be able to overcome the activation energy, or "bump." The reactant particles will rebound (bounce off of one other) if the energy of the collision is less than the activation energy, and no reaction will take place.To know more about Reaction visit:
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How many moles are in 4.3 x 1022 molecules of Na3PO4?
Answer:
0.071 moles of Na₃PO₄
Explanation:
Given data:
Number of moles of Na₃PO₄ = ?
Number of molecules of Na₃PO₄ = 4.3×10²² molecules
Solution:
1 mole contain 6.022×10²³ molecules
4.3×10²² molecules × 1mol / 6.022×10²³ molecules
0.71×10⁻¹ mol
0.071 mol
The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.
Avogadro number:
It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.
What is the frequency of a photon of light that has an energy of 2.95 × 10−17 J?
This problem is providing the energy of a photon of light as 2.95 × 10⁻¹⁷ J and it is required to calculate its frequency, according to the electromagnetic spectrum theory. At the end, the answer turns out to be 4.52x10¹⁶ Hz according to the following:
Electromagnetic spectrum:In chemistry, we use the electromagnetic spectrum in order to know how the wavelength, frequency and energy of particles are related to each other. In this particular case, we have a photon and the frequency can be calculated with the following arrangement:
\(E=h\nu\\\\\nu=\frac{E}{h}\)
Whereas E is the energy, h the Planck's constant and ν the frequency. Thus, we plug in these first two to obtain:
\(\nu=\frac{2.95x10^{-17}J}{6.626x10^{-34}J*s}\\\\\nu=4.45x10^{16}s^{-1}=4.45x10^{16}Hz\)
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this is for my friend, were both confused the question is
how atoms from different elements are differed
the content of manganese (mn) in steel was determined spectrophotometrically and with the use of the standard addition method. an unknown sample of mn from a digested steel sample gave an absorbance of 0.185 when analyzed spectrophotometrically. when 5.00 ml of solution containing 95.5 ppm mn was added to 50.0 ml of the unknown steel solution (digested sample), the absorbance was 0.248. calculate the concentration, in parts-per-million (ppm), of mn in the digested steel sample solution.
Concentration of Mn in 50 ml of unknown steel solution (95.5*5)/50 = 9.55 ppm Given for 9.55 ppm of Mn gives absorbance 0.248. For absorbance 0.185, the concentration of Mn is Conc (ppm)=(9.55*0.185)/0.248=7.12ppm
The capacity to focus means having the ability to control your attention. It means having command of your attention. It is the capacity to keep one's attention on a single idea without getting sidetracked. The capacity to concentrate while ignoring unrelated thoughts is known as attentional focus. The amount of solute in a specific amount of solution is how concentrated a substance is. Molarity, or the number of moles of solute in one liter of solution, is the standard unit of concentration expression. It is the capacity to keep one's attention on a single thing or idea while blocking out all other irrelevant thoughts, ideas, feelings, and sensations.Concentration enables more effective resource management and problem-solving techniques. Concentration makes it less likely that you will overlook crucial information. You can memorize things more quickly if you maintain your focus.
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your turn:if the succinate dehydrogenase enzyme were mutated such that nad was able to function as the cofactor instead of fad, how would this change affect the spontaneous direction under standard conditions and the potential reversibility of the reaction under cellular conditions?choose one or more:a.the reaction would likely be irreversible under cellular conditions.b.succinate oxidation would be spontaneous under standard conditions.c.fumarate reduction would be spontaneous under standard conditions.d.the reaction would likely be reversible under cellular conditions.
The following modifications would take place if the succinate dehydrogenase enzyme were altered so that NAD+ could operate as the cofactor instead of FAD:
The use of NAD+ instead of FAD would result in a lower standard reduction potential (E°) for the reaction, making it less exergonic (less spontaneous) under standard conditions. a. The reaction would probably be reversible under cellular conditions. This implies that for the reaction to move forward, more energy would be needed.
However, using NAD+ as a cofactor can make more reducing equivalents available inside the cell, which might make the process more reversible in cellular settings.
Standard circumstances would not prevent succinate oxidation from occurring spontaneously because succinate oxidation to fumarate is an exergonic process and NAD+/NADH still have a lower standard reduction potential than succinate/fumarate (+0.03 V). Thus, under normal circumstances, succinate oxidation would still occur spontaneously.
The best appropriate response to the question is (d), which states that it is likely the reaction would be reversible in cellular settings.
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teapot filled with water is heated on the stove. What does the heat from the stove do to the molecule of water in the teapot?
Answer:
The kettle on the stove takes thermal energy from the stove and uses it to convert water into steam at constant temperature. The molecules of water vibrate with increasing speeds when the temperature of water increases. When the temperature of water reaches the boiling point, water starts to change its state to steam.
Explanation:
When no more solute can dissolve a solution is described as...
Answer:
Saturated solution
Explanation:
When is no more solute can be added then it is saturated solution
write the empirical formula of at least four binary ionic compounds that could be formed from the following ions:mg2 ,fe2 ,f-,s2-
The empirical formula of Magnesium Fluoride is; MgF₂, Iron(II) Sulfide is FeS, Magnesium Sulfide will be MgS, and Iron(II) Fluoride is FeF₂ for four binary ionic compounds that can be formed using the given ions.
To determine the empirical formula of binary ionic compounds, we need to combine the cation (positive ion) with the anion (negative ion) in the lowest whole number ratio that results in a neutral compound. Here are four examples using the given ions;
Magnesium Fluoride;
Cation; Mg²⁺
Anion; F⁻
To achieve a neutral compound, we need two fluoride ions to balance the charge of one magnesium ion.
Empirical Formula; MgF₂
Iron(II) Sulfide;
Cation; Fe²⁺
Anion; S²⁻
To balance the charges, we need one iron ion to combine with one sulfide ion.
Empirical Formula: FeS
Magnesium Sulfide;
Cation; Mg²⁺
Anion; S²⁻
To achieve a neutral compound, we need one magnesium ion to combine with one sulfide ion.
Empirical Formula: MgS
Iron(II) Fluoride;
Cation; Fe²⁺
Anion; F⁻
To balance the charges, we need two fluoride ions to combine with one iron ion.
Empirical Formula; FeF₂
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Match the relational phrases to the corresponding concepts. Zwitterion Isoelectric point Titration COO | HN-C-H 1 CH, .. рк. pH Henderson- Hasselbalch equation OH Serine Hydrogen atom Answer Bank exemplified by measurement of dependent variable of Describes relationship between revealed by net electric charge is zero inflection point
The pH at which the amino acid is neutral is called its isoelectric point. The neutral structure of the amino acid is called Zwitter ion.The pH of a buffer solution is determined using Henderson -Hasselbalch equation. The side chain in the amino acid serine is OH group.
What are amino acids?Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 amino acids found in human. In which essential amino acids are amino acids that have to be uptaken through diet. Non -essential amino acids are in built in our body.
The pH at which the amino acid is neutral is called its isoelectric point. The neutral structure of the amino acid is called Zwitter ion.The pH of a buffer solution is determined using Henderson -Hasselbalch equation.
Each amino acids have different side chains on them and based on it their characteristics changes.The side chain in the amino acid serine is OH group.
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How many moles of each element are present in Pb(NO3)2?
Answer:
Pb (Lead) = 1 atom
N (Nitrogen) = 2 atoms
O (Oxygen) = 6 atoms
Explanation:
Here, we want to get the number of moles of each element present in the given compound
Firstly, we list out the elements
Pb -Lead
N-Nitrogen
O-oxygen
We have 1 mole of lead clearly
For nitrogen, we multiply the subscript outside with the subscript inside. If the inner subscript is missing, we replace by 1
Thus, nitrogen has a total 2 * 1= 2 atoms
Oxygen follows same pattern as nitrogen and we have 2 * 3 = 6 atoms
The weather instruments: rain gauge can measure the amount of snow fall
True or false
Hydrogen is considered a___________________
Answer:
《HOPE IT WILL HELP YOU 》
Explanation:
Alternative fuel under the energy policy act of 1992.
On the luminosity chart, temperature increases as you read it to the right. True or False?
Answer:
Explanation:
True
A compound is 33.51% C, 3.75% H, 32.97% Cl and 29.77% O by mass, and it has a molar mass of 215 g/mol. What is the molecular formula of this compound
The molecular formula of the compound is C6H8Cl2O4. To determine the molecular formula of the compound, we need to find the empirical formula first. The empirical formula gives the simplest ratio of atoms in a compound.
Step 1: Convert the mass percentages to moles.
Assume we have 100 g of the compound:
- Mass of C: 33.51 g
- Mass of H: 3.75 g
- Mass of Cl: 32.97 g
- Mass of O: 29.77 g
Convert the masses to moles:
- Moles of C: 33.51 g / 12.01 g/mol = 2.79 mol
- Moles of H: 3.75 g / 1.01 g/mol = 3.71 mol
- Moles of Cl: 32.97 g / 35.45 g/mol = 0.93 mol
- Moles of O: 29.77 g / 16.00 g/mol = 1.86 mol
Step 2: Find the simplest ratio of moles.
Divide all the moles by the smallest number of moles (0.93 mol):
- Moles of C: 2.79 mol / 0.93 mol = 3
- Moles of H: 3.71 mol / 0.93 mol = 4
- Moles of Cl: 0.93 mol / 0.93 mol = 1
- Moles of O: 1.86 mol / 0.93 mol = 2
The empirical formula is C3H4ClO2.
Step 3: Determine the molecular formula.
To find the molecular formula, we need to compare the molar mass of the empirical formula (C3H4ClO2) with the given molar mass of 215 g/mol.
- Calculate the molar mass of the empirical formula:
(3 × 12.01 g/mol) + (4 × 1.01 g/mol) + 35.45 g/mol + (2 × 16.00 g/mol) = 98.12 g/mol
- Divide the molar mass of the compound (215 g/mol) by the molar mass of the empirical formula (98.12 g/mol):
215 g/mol / 98.12 g/mol = 2.19
Round the result to the nearest whole number:
The molecular formula is approximately C6H8Cl2O4.
Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound is C6H8Cl2O4.
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4. Circle the letters of elements that are required for a measurement to
make sense.
a. scientific notation
b. numbers
с. exponents
d. units
Answer:
(b) numbers and (d) units
Explanation:
To measure any quantity, numbers and units are required. It can be understood with an example.
We measure a length of a piece of wood as 5 cm. In this case 5 is a number and centimeters or cm is a unit in which we measure its length. It means for any measurement, number and units are important elements that are required to make sense.
Hence, the correct options are numbers and units.
Name the two minerals involved in the formation of wollastonite
a scientist wants to make a solution of tribasic sodium phosphate, na3po4 , for a laboratory experiment. how many grams of na3po4 will be needed to produce 450. ml of a solution that has a concentration of na ions of 1.30 m
Approximately 31.96 grams of Na3PO4 will be needed to produce 450 mL of a solution with a concentration of Na+ ions of 1.30 M.
To determine the amount of tribasic sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) needed to make a solution with a concentration of sodium ions (Na+) of 1.30 M, we can use the formula for molarity:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
We are given that the volume of the solution is 450 mL, which is equal to 0.450 liters. We need to find the number of moles of Na3PO4 required.
The formula for tribasic sodium phosphate is Na3PO4, which means it contains three sodium ions (Na+). This means that for every mole of Na3PO4, we have three moles of Na+ ions. Therefore, the number of moles of Na+ ions is three times the number of moles of Na3PO4.
Using the molarity formula, we can rearrange it to solve for moles of solute:
moles of solute = Molarity × volume of solution
Substituting the given values:
moles of Na+ = (1.30 M) × (0.450 L)
moles of Na+ = 0.585 moles
Since there are three moles of Na+ ions for every mole of Na3PO4, the number of moles of Na3PO4 needed is:
moles of Na3PO4 = 0.585 moles / 3
moles of Na3PO4 = 0.195 moles
To find the mass of Na3PO4 needed, we can use its molar mass. The molar mass of Na3PO4 is calculated by adding the atomic masses of its constituent elements: 3 sodium atoms (22.99 g/mol each) and 1 phosphate ion (97.99 g/mol).
Molar mass of Na3PO4 = (3 × 22.99 g/mol) + 97.99 g/mol
Molar mass of Na3PO4 = 163.96 g/mol
Finally, we can calculate the mass of Na3PO4 needed:
mass of Na3PO4 = moles of Na3PO4 × molar mass of Na3PO4
mass of Na3PO4 = 0.195 moles × 163.96 g/mol
mass of Na3PO4 = 31.96 grams
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