pH values with hydrogen monohydride concentrations is 8.95.
How to calculate the pH values?The concept of pH calculations based on given concentrations. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the concentration of hydrogen ions ([H⁺]) in a solution. The formula is:
pH = -log[H⁺]
To calculate the pH values for the given concentrations, you can use the formula mentioned above. Here are the calculations for each concentration:
A: [OH-] = 6.03 x \(10^(^-^6^)\)M
To calculate the [H+] concentration, we can use the Kw expression:
Kw = [H⁺][OH⁻]Kw = 1.0 x \(10^(^-^1^4^)\) (at 25°C)[H⁺] = Kw / [OH⁻][H⁺] = (1.0 x \(10^(^-^1^4^)\)) / (6.03 x \(10^(^-^6^)\))[H⁺] ≈ 1.66 x \(10^(^-^9^)\) MUsing the pH formula:
pH = -log[H⁺]pH ≈ -log(1.66 x\(10^(^-^9^)\))pH ≈ 8.78B: [H₂O] = 9.77 x \(10^(^-^1^0^)\) MThe concentration of water does not directly contribute to the [H⁺] or [OH-] concentrations because water undergoes autoprotolysis:
H₂O ⇌ H⁺ + OH⁻
Since [H₂O] is very large compared to the other concentrations, we can assume that [H₂O] remains essentially constant and does not affect the pH. Therefore, we can ignore it for pH calculations.
C: [H₃O⁺] = 6.17 x \(10^(^-^6^)\)M
[H⁺] concentration is the same as [H₃O⁺], so:
pH = -log[H⁺]pH ≈ -log(6.17 x \(10^(^-^6^)\))pH ≈ 5.21D: [OH⁻] = 8.91 x\(10^(^-^6^)\)M[H⁺] = Kw / [OH⁻][H⁺] = (1.0 x \(10^(^-^1^4^)\)) / (8.91 x \(10^(^-^6^)\))[H⁺] ≈ 1.12 x \(10^(^-^9^)\) MpH = -log[H⁺]pH ≈ -log(1.12 x \(10^(^-^9^)\))pH ≈ 8.95These calculations assume standard conditions (25°C) and the absence of any additional acids or bases in the solutions.
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by titration, it is found that 15.25 ml of 0.5866 m naoh (aq) is needed to neutralize 25.00 ml of h2so4 (aq). calculate the concentration of the h2so4 solution in m. in your answer, include 4 decimals. do not include units.
The concentration of the \(H_2SO_4\) solution is 0.1789 (rounded to 4 decimals).
To calculate the concentration of the \(H_2SO_4\) solution, we will use the concept of moles and the balanced chemical equation:
\(H_2SO_4\) (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → \(Na_2SO_4\) (aq) + \(2H_2O\) (l)
First, find the moles of NaOH:
moles of NaOH = volume (L) × molarity
moles of NaOH = 0.01525 L × 0.5866 M = 0.0089459 moles
Since the stoichiometry in the balanced equation is 1:2 (\(H_2SO_4\):NaOH), divide the moles of NaOH by 2 to find the moles of \(H_2SO_4\):
moles of \(H_2SO_4\) = 0.0089459 moles / 2 = 0.00447295 moles
Now, calculate the molarity of \(H_2SO_4\):
molarity = moles of \(H_2SO_4\) / volume of \(H_2SO_4\) (L)
molarity = 0.00447295 moles / 0.025 L = 0.1789 M
The concentration of the \(H_2SO_4\) solution is 0.1789 (rounded to 4 decimals).
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which of these liquids is the least acidic?
Answer:
The answer is lemonade.
Weaker acids are those which tend to have a higher pH from 4 to at least 6 stronger acids have low pH from 2 and below that's from 2 to 0.
Hope this helps
Hope
If you have 23mg of water, at what temperature will it Boil?
Answer:
i believe it is in the 200
Explanation:
PLEASE CAN SOMEONE HELP I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!! IF YOU DO ALL 10 QUESTIONS I UPLOAD I WILL GIVE AWAY A LOT OF POINTS!!!
ALL YOU HAVE TO DO is say if it is ionic, binary, covalent, or an acid.
1. NO2 - Covalent
2. NaBr - Ionic
3. SiO2 -
4. P2Br4
5. FeSO4
6. SF6
7. HNO3
8. Li2S
9. HCl
10. MgBr2
1. What is the name of the ion formed from the sulfur atom?
Sulfuride
Sulfurous
Sulfur
Sulfide
2. Which of the following elements does not form an ion with a charge of +1
A:Sodium
B:Fluoride
C;Potassium
D:Hydrogen
3. The chemical properties of an element are largely determined by____
A:The number of valence electrons they have
B:The number of total protons the element has
C:The number of total ions the element has
D:The number of total electrons the element has
5. How does magnesium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?
A. It gives up electrons
B. Magnesium does not obey the octet rule.
C. It gains electrons
D. It does not change its number of electrons
6. How many electrons does strontium have to give up to achieve a noble gas electron configuration?
0
1
2
3
Answer:
1 sulfide
2 Fluoride
3 A
5 A
6 2
How does the circulatory system work at the tissue level?
Answer:
Answer. Answer: The circulatory system is a network consisting of blood, blood vessels, and the heart. This network supplies tissues in the body with oxygen and other nutrients, transports hormones, and removes unnecessary waste products.
Explanation:
Answer:
ME AND YOU HAVE THE SAMEEEE USER BUT LOOK
The circulatory system is a network consisting of blood, blood vessels, and the heart. This network supplies tissues in the body with oxygen and other nutrients, transports hormones, and removes unnecessary waste products.
Explanation:
5. (10 Points) Chlorine gas is in a container that has a volume of 25.0 mL at
40°C. What volume will it occupy at 80°C?
PLS HELP
Answer:120.0mL
Explanation:
When we drink water, it is absorbed into our blood through the digestive tract. If the concentration of water in body cells is low, cells must get water from the blood. What process allows water to enter body cells from the blood?
Answer:
Osmosis
Explanation:
Water is very essential for the body. When we drink water, our blood cells absorbs water from the body. This happen by a process called as osmosis process. Osmosis is type of diffusion process.
Water along with oxygen and carbon dioxide are some of the simple molecules that moves into the blood cell. Osmosis is the process by which water molecules passes into the cell bodies through its semi permeable membrane.
true or false/Air masses are responsible for the weather in a region
Answer:
False
Explanation:
The air masses are not responsible for weather , it is cause by the Earth evolution
The following table lists the specific heat capacities of select substances:
Water (3110 {~g}) is heated until it just begins to boil. If the water absorbs 5.39 × 10^{5} {
The specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/(g K) and the given amount of water is more than 100 grams. We need to calculate the energy absorbed by the water to reach boiling point when 5.39 × 10^5 J of heat is supplied.
The amount of water used is not provided in the question, therefore, let's first calculate the energy required to raise the temperature of 100g of water from room temperature (25°C) to its boiling point (100°C) using the formula,Q = m × c × ΔTwhere,Q = energy absorbedm = mass of waterc = specific heat capacity of waterΔT = change in temperature of water= 100 - 25 = 75°C (since the water is heated until it just begins to boil)Thus,Q = \(100 g × 4.18 J/(g K) × 75°C= 31350 J= 31.35 kJ\) of energy is required to heat 100g of water from 25°C to 100°C.
Now, let's determine the mass of water using the amount of heat energy supplied:Q =\(m × c × ΔT, where Q = 5.39 × 10^5 Jm = Q / (c × ΔT)= 5.39 × 10^5 J / (4.18 J/(g K) × 75°C)= 204.55 g\)(approx.)Therefore, more than 100 g of water is required to absorb 5.39 × 10^5 J of heat to reach its boiling point.
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What is a carrying capacity? How do ecologists determine a carrying capacity point on a graph?
Answer:
Carrying capacity is the number of organisms that an ecosystem can sustainably support. To determine it on a graph you need to locate the point on the graph where the population line is horizontal.
Explanation:
Draw the Lewis structure for HCCH.
Draw the molecule by placing atoms on the canvas and connecting them with bonds. Include all hydrogen atoms and nonbonding electrons.
The Lewis structure of HCCH is a triple bond between the two carbon atoms and a single bond between each carbon atom and a hydrogen atom.
To draw the Lewis structure for HCCH (acetylene), follow the below steps:
Step 1: Find out the total number of valence electrons of all atoms.Valence electrons in H = 1 electron.Valence electrons in C = 4 electrons. Total valence electrons in HCCH molecule = (2 × 1) + (2 × 4) = 10 electrons.
Step 2: Choose the central atom and draw the bond line structure.The central atom in HCCH is C. Two H atoms are attached to one C atom, and another C atom is attached to it through a triple bond. HC≡CH
Step 3: Add electrons to outer atoms first.Complete octet of the H atoms by adding one electron to each. Two electrons have now been used. Still, there are 8 more electrons left. These electrons are used to complete the octet of the C atom. The C atom has only four valence electrons but it needs eight electrons to achieve octet configuration. Therefore, the C atom has four electrons short. These four electrons will come from the nonbonding electrons of the other C atom bonded to it.
Step 4: Add electrons to the central atom.The second C atom is also deficient in electrons. Therefore, it will have only two electrons in its valence shell. The other four electrons will be in the form of a triple bond with the first C atom. Since triple bond shares three electrons, two more electrons are needed to complete the octet of the second C atom. These electrons come from the nonbonding electrons of the first C atom bonded to it. Hence, the Lewis structure for HCCH (acetylene) is:Main Answer: H-C≡C-H
Therefore, the Lewis structure of HCCH is a triple bond between the two carbon atoms and a single bond between each carbon atom and a hydrogen atom.
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what are the factors affecting concentrations of solution
Answer:
Reactant concentration. Increasing the concentration of one or more reactants will often increase the rate of reaction. ...
Physical state of the reactants and surface area. ...
Temperature. ...
Presence of a catalyst.
What does the NaCl + Br₂ represent in the reaction?
NaBr + Cl₂ → NaCl + Br₂
A. Reactants
B. Products
C. Yields Br
D. States of Matter
draw 2-methylpropanal and its enol tautomer. place the correct symbol between them.
Here is the structure of 2-methylpropanal and its enol tautomer:
CH3 H
| |
H3C--C--CHO <--> H3C--C=C--OH
| |
H H
The symbol to place between them is an equilibrium arrow, ⇌, indicating that the conversion between the two structures is reversible and can occur under certain conditions.
Here is the structure of the enol tautomer of H3C-CH(CH3)-C(=O)-H:
Copy code
CH3
|
H3C--C--C(=O)--H
|
CH3
The enol tautomer is formed by the transfer of a proton from the alpha carbon (adjacent to the carbonyl carbon) to the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group, resulting in the formation of a double bond between the alpha carbon and the carbonyl carbon.
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Which type of reaction does this diagram represent?
A small ball heads toward a large circle labeled superscript 235 upper U. An arrow points to an irregular circle labeled superscript 236 upper U. Another arrow points to a starburst, partially overlaid by 2 blobs labeled superscript 92 upper K r and superscript 141 upper B a, and with 3 small balls heading away from the starburst.
nuclear fusion because nuclei combine to form a heavy nucleus
nuclear fission because an atom is splitting into two large fragments of comparable mass
nuclear fusion because a large amount of energy is being released
nuclear fission because the resulting products are not radioactive
The diagram represents a (c) nuclear fission reaction because an atom is splitting into two large fragments of comparable mass.
Nuclear fission is a type of nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller fragments. This process is often accompanied by the release of a significant amount of energy. In the diagram, a small ball heading toward a large circle labeled superscript 235 upper U indicates the incident neutron or particle that triggers the fission reaction.
The arrow pointing to an irregular circle labeled superscript 236 upper U represents the nucleus of uranium-236, which is the result of the fission of uranium-235. Uranium-235 is a fissile isotope that can undergo fission when bombarded by a neutron. The irregular circle indicates the nucleus undergoing fission.
The starburst, partially overlaid by two blobs labeled superscript 92 upper K r and superscript 141 upper B a, represents the fission products. During nuclear fission, the nucleus of uranium-236 splits into two large fragments, in this case, krypton-92 and barium-141. These fragments are often radioactive and contribute to the release of energy during the fission process.
The three small balls heading away from the starburst represent the release of additional neutrons during the fission reaction. These neutrons can go on to initiate further fission reactions in a chain reaction, contributing to the sustained release of energy.
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Need help ASAP!!!! what is the value (angle) for the C=C=O bond in Ketene i.e. CH2=C=O
Answer:
\(180^\circ\) by the VSEPR theory.
Explanation:
This question is asking for the bond angle of the \(\rm C=C=O\) bond in \(\rm H_2C=C=O\). The VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory could help. Start by considering: how many electron domains are there on the carbon atom between these two bond?
Note that "electron domains" refer to covalent bonds and lone pairs collectively.
Each nonbonding pair (lone pair) of valence electrons counts as one electron domain.Each covalent bond (single bond, double bond, or triple bond) counts as exactly one electron domain.For example, in \(\rm H_2C=C=O\), the carbon atom at the center of that \(\rm C=C=O\) bond has two electron domains:
This carbon atom has two double bonds: one \(\rm C=C\) bond and one \(\rm C=O\) bond. Even though these are both double bonds, in VSEPR theory, each of them count only as one electron domain. Keep in mind that there are only four valence electrons in each carbon atom. It can be shown that all four valence electrons of this carbon atom are involved in bonding (two in each of the two double bonds.) Hence, there would be no nonbonding pair around this atom.In VSEPR theory, electron domains around an atom repel each other. As a result, they would spread out (in three dimensions) as far away from each other as possible. When there are only two electron domains around an atom, the two electron domains would form a straight line- with one domain on each side of the central atom. (To visualize, consider the three atoms in this \(\rm C=C=O\) bond as three spheres on a stick. The central \(\rm C\) atom would be between the other \(\rm C\) atom and the \(\rm O\) atom.)
This linear geometry corresponds to a bond angle of \(180^\circ\).
A double replacement reaction can be best described as a reaction in which
1.a substitution takes place.
2.two atoms of a compound are lost.
3.Oions are exchanged between two compounds.
4.electrons are exchanged between two atoms.
A double replacement reaction, also known as a double displacement reaction or a metathesis reaction, is a type of chemical reaction in which ions are exchanged between two compounds option(3).
In this reaction, the positive and negative ions of two compounds switch places, resulting in the formation of two new compounds.
The general form of a double replacement reaction is AB + CD → AD + CB, where A, B, C, and D represent elements or groups of elements. During the reaction, the cations of the compounds (positively charged ions) trade places, as do the anions (negatively charged ions). This exchange of ions leads to the formation of two new compounds, with the cation of one compound combining with the anion of the other compound.
Unlike single replacement reactions where a single element replaces another in a compound, double replacement reactions involve the exchange of ions. The reaction typically occurs in aqueous solutions or when compounds are dissolved in a solvent. However, double replacement reactions can also occur in other states, such as when two ionic compounds are in the solid state and react.
To summarize, a double replacement reaction involves the exchange of ions between two compounds, resulting in the formation of two new compounds. This reaction does not involve the loss of atoms or the exchange of electrons between individual atoms.
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Please help this will determine my grade so I beg help me out and my grade
Answer:
C: checking your email
Explanation:
I believe that C would be impossible, as you cannot use wireless networks without radio waves
A buffer solution is prepared by using 0.100 m of hac and
0.150 m of naac. what is the ph of this buffer solution? ka of
hac / ac = 1.74 x 10-5
ph =
To determine the pH of the buffer solution, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = p Ka + log ([A-] / [HA])
In this case, the acid is H Ac (acetic acid) and its conjugate base is Ac- (acetate ion). The given Ka value for H Ac/Ac- is 1.74 x 10^-5.
Given concentrations:
[H Ac] = 0.100 M
[Ac-] = 0.150 M
First, we need to calculate the ratio of [A-] / [HA]:
[A-] / [HA] = [Ac-] / [H Ac]
[A-] / [HA] = 0.150 M / 0.100 M
[A-] / [HA] = 1.5
Now we can substitute the values into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = p Ka + log ([A-] / [HA])
pH = -log10 (1.74 x 10^-5) + log (1.5)
Using the logarithmic properties, we can simplify the equation:
pH = -log10 (1.74 x 10^-5) + log (1.5)
pH = -(-4.76) + log (1.5)
pH = 4.76 + 0.176
Calculating the sum:
pH ≈ 4.94
Therefore, the pH of the buffer solution is approximately 4.94.
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Let c(x,y,z,t) denote the concentration of a pollutant (the amount per unit volume). (a) What is an expression for the total amount of pollutant in the region R ? (b) Suppose that the flow J of the pollutant is proportional to the gradient of the concentration. (Is this reasonable?) Express conservation of the pollutant. (c) Derive the partial differential equation governing the diffusion of the pollutant.
∂c/∂t represents the rate of change of concentration with respect to time, D is the diffusion coefficient, and ∇·(D∇c) represents the divergence of the diffusion flux.
(a) The total amount of pollutant in the region R can be found by integrating the concentration c(x,y,z,t) over the volume V of the region R. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Total amount of pollutant = ∫∫∫V c(x,y,z,t) dV
(b) It is reasonable to assume that the flow J of the pollutant is proportional to the gradient of the concentration, as this relationship is based on Fick's law of diffusion. According to Fick's law, the flow of a substance is proportional to the concentration gradient. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
J = -D ∇c
Where J is the flow of the pollutant, D is the diffusion coefficient, and ∇c is the gradient of the concentration.
(c) To derive the partial differential equation governing the diffusion of the pollutant, we can apply the continuity equation, which states that the rate of change of the concentration in a given volume is equal to the divergence of the flow. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
∂c/∂t = -∇·J
Using the relationship from part (b), we can substitute it into the continuity equation:
∂c/∂t = ∇·(D∇c)
This is the partial differential equation governing the diffusion of the pollutant, where ∂c/∂t represents the rate of change of concentration with respect to time, D is the diffusion coefficient, and ∇·(D∇c) represents the divergence of the diffusion flux.
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I have 1.8066 x 1024 atoms of Calcium, how many grams of calcium do I have?
Answer: 1849.9584
Explanation:
10. After removing 68.1 kilograms of old copper tubing from air conditioning units Mark takes his load to a recycling
yard. There he is paid $2.50 per pound. How much money did he make?
The amount made from removing 68.1 kilograms of old copper tubing is $375.34.
Amount made from removing 68.1 kilograms of old copper tubing
The amount made from removing 68.1 kilograms of old copper tubing is calculated as follows;
A = mass x cost per mass
mass = 68.1 kg = 150.1348 lb
Amount = $2.5/lb x 150.1348 lb
Amount = $375.34
Thus, the amount made from removing 68.1 kilograms of old copper tubing is $375.34.
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3 points
14) Calculate and round the density to the correct number of significant
digits. *
mass
Density =
volume
What is the density of an object with
a mass of 320 grams and a volume
of 47.5 ml?
6.0 g/ml
6.74 g/ml
6.7 g/ml
O 7 g/ml
Answer:
density=6.74g/ml
:320g÷47.5ml
d=6.74g/ml
thank you
I hope this is helpful
Jana is modeling mutations using the word "FRIEND."
Which version of the word "FRIEND' models a deletion mutation?
A FRIENDS
B. DRIEND
C. FIEND
D. DNEIRF
Answer:
It is c I am doing the test I hope this helps ; )
Explanation:
Answer:
c
Explanation:
A container has 0.182 mol of CO2 gas at STP. How many liters does the gas take up?
The gas occupies 4.03 liters at standard temperature and pressure(STP)
At STP (standard temperature and pressure), the temperature is 273.15 K and the pressure is 1 atm. The molar volume of an ideal gas at STP is 22.4 L/mol.
Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the volume of a gas:
PV = n RT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L· atm/mol· K), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
At STP, the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 273.15 K. Tial :
V = (n RT)/P
V = (0,182 mol x 0,08206 L atm/mol K x 273,15 K) / 1 atm
V = 4,03L
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Help with theses two different problems!
1.) 125mL of what is added to 45.3mL of 0.71m NaOH solution
2.) 550mL of water is added to 125mL of 3.01M KOH solution
1. the final concentration of NaOH after adding 125 mL of water to 45.3 mL of 0.71 M NaOH solution is approximately 0.189 M.
2. the final concentration of KOH after adding 550 mL of water to 125 mL of 3.01 M KOH solution is approximately 0.557 M.
1.) If 125 mL of water is added to 45.3 mL of a 0.71 M NaOH solution, the resulting solution will be a diluted NaOH solution. The addition of water will increase the total volume while reducing the concentration of NaOH. To determine the final concentration of NaOH, we need to consider the conservation of moles.
First, let's calculate the moles of NaOH in the initial solution:
moles of NaOH = volume (in L) × concentration (in M)
moles of NaOH = 0.0453 L × 0.71 M = 0.0321433 moles
After adding 125 mL (0.125 L) of water, the total volume of the solution becomes 0.0453 L + 0.125 L = 0.1703 L.
To find the final concentration, we divide the moles of NaOH by the total volume:
final concentration of NaOH = moles of NaOH / total volume
final concentration of NaOH = 0.0321433 moles / 0.1703 L ≈ 0.189 M
Therefore, the final concentration of NaOH after adding 125 mL of water to 45.3 mL of 0.71 M NaOH solution is approximately 0.189 M.
2.) If 550 mL of water is added to 125 mL of a 3.01 M KOH solution, the resulting solution will also be a diluted solution. Again, we will apply the conservation of moles to determine the final concentration of KOH.
First, calculate the moles of KOH in the initial solution:
moles of KOH = volume (in L) × concentration (in M)
moles of KOH = 0.125 L × 3.01 M = 0.37625 moles
After adding 550 mL (0.55 L) of water, the total volume of the solution becomes 0.125 L + 0.55 L = 0.675 L.
To find the final concentration, divide the moles of KOH by the total volume:
final concentration of KOH = moles of KOH / total volume
final concentration of KOH = 0.37625 moles / 0.675 L ≈ 0.557 M
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Can somebody plz help answer all these true and false questions CORRECT!!
WILL MARK BRAINLIEST :D
Answer:
1-T
2-F
3-T
4-T
Explanation:
big brain
Which of the following best describes an ethogram?
1) a graphical way to display the behaviour of an animal
2) a description of the behaviour performed by an animal at one point in time
3) an inventory of the behaviour of a particular species
4) the behaviour observed in response to an experimental intervention
Option 3 accurately represents the essence of an ethogram as an inventory of species-specific behaviors.
An ethogram can be best described as an inventory of the behavior of a particular species. It is a systematic catalog or list of behaviors exhibited by a specific animal species.
An ethogram provides a comprehensive overview of the behaviors displayed by the animals under study, documenting various activities, actions, and patterns of behavior.
While options 1 and 2 are related to visual representations or descriptions of behavior, they do not capture the comprehensive nature of an ethogram. Option 4 refers specifically to behaviors observed in response to an experimental intervention, which is more narrow in scope compared to an ethogram. Therefore, option 3 accurately represents the essence of an ethogram as an inventory of species-specific behaviors.
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Why is the energy supplied by the cooker greater than that calculated ?
Answer:
Explanation:
Q1.
(a) 46 200
accept 46 000
allow 1 mark for correct substitution
ie 0.5 × 4200 × 22 provided no subsequent step
2
(b) Energy is used to heat the kettle.
[3]
Q2.
(a) (approximate same size particles as each other and as liquid and gas) touching
do not accept particles that overlap
regular arrangement (filling the square)
(b) condensing
(c) solid
(d) physical
(e) particles have more kinetic energy
particles move faster
(f) mass of the liquid
specific latent heat of evaporation
(g) 2 × 4 200 × 801
672 000 (J)
an answer of 672 000 (J) scores 2 marks
[11]
Q3.
(a) x-axis labelled and suitable scale
Page 12 of 13
points plotted correctly
allow 5 correctly plotted for 2 marks, 3−4
correctly plotted for 1 mark
allow ± ½ square
2
line of best fit
(b)
allow ecf from line of best fit in part (a)
0.075 (°C/s)
an answer of 0.075 (°C/s) scores 2 marks
(c) Δθ = 11.5 (°C)
a calculation using an incorrect temperature
scores max 3 marks
ΔE = 1.50 × 900 × 11.5
ΔE = 15 525 (J)
ΔE = 15.525 (kJ)
an answer of 15.525 (kJ) or 15.53 (kJ) or 15.5
(kJ) scores 4 marks
an answer of 15 525 (kJ) scores 3 marks
[10]
Q4.
(a) 80 °C
ΔE = 0.5 × 3400 × 80
ΔE = 136 000 (J)
an answer of 136 000 (J) scores 3 marks
(b) energy is dissipated into the surroundings
allow any correct description of wasted energy
(c) put a lid on the pan
allow any sensible practical suggestion
eg add salt to the water
Page 13 of 13
(d) efficiency = 300/500
efficiency = 0.6
an answer of 0.6 or 60% scores 2 marks
allow efficiency = 60%
an answer of 0.6 with a unit scores 1 mark
an answer of 60 without a unit scores 1 mark