Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons release________onto_____________postganglionic receptors and postganglionic neurons release_______________onto ____________receptors on the target cell.
Answers
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) onto nicotinic receptors located on the postganglionic neurons. Postganglionic neurons, in turn, release acetylcholine onto muscarinic receptors on the target cell.
In more detail, here are the steps involved:
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons originate from the brainstem and the sacral region of the spinal cord. These neurons have their cell bodies in the central nervous system and extend their axons to synapse with postganglionic neurons located in ganglia near the target organs.At the synapse between the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons, acetylcholine is released from the preganglionic neuron's terminal and binds to nicotinic receptors on the postganglionic neuron. This binding triggers an excitatory response in the postganglionic neuron.The postganglionic neurons, in turn, extend their axons from the ganglia to innervate target cells such as smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, or glands.Upon reaching the target cell, the postganglionic neuron releases acetylcholine into the synapse and binds to muscarinic receptors on the target cell. This binding activates the muscarinic receptors, leading to various physiological effects depending on the specific target tissue.It's important to note that while the parasympathetic division primarily uses acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter for both preganglionic and postganglionic neurons, the sympathetic division, another branch of the autonomic nervous system, uses norepinephrine as the primary neurotransmitter for postganglionic neurons. This difference in neurotransmitter release contributes to the distinct effects and responses of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions on target organs.
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Related Questions
California, a city that is far inland, such as Sacramento, is typically warmer than a city near the coast, such as San Francisco agree or disagree why
Answers
The influence of the ocean is what make Sacramento much warmer in contrast to California.
Why is Sacramento warmer?Inland cities, such as Sacramento, are typically warmer than cities near the coast, such as California , because they are farther away from the cooling influence of the ocean. The ocean has a moderating effect on temperature, which means it can help to keep temperatures cooler in coastal areas.
In contrast, inland cities can experience more extreme temperatures because they are not protected by the ocean's cooling influence. Additionally, the temperature in inland cities is often affected by the "heat island" effect, which is when urban areas experience higher temperatures due to the concentration of human-made structures and surfaces that absorb and retain heat.
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CPT1 regulates the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells through the AMPK-p53-p21 pathway in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Answers
Our research demonstrates a brand-new method by which Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1) controls PASMC proliferation in PAH, suggesting that targeting CPT1 regulation as a possible therapeutic target in PAH.
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1):
The development of pulmonary arterial hypertension is mostly attributed to abnormal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation (PAH). According to certain research and our earlier study, PAH had a disturbed fatty acid metabolism. The molecular relationship between cell proliferation and fatty acid catabolism is still unclear. Here, we discovered a crucial function and signal pathway for carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) 1, the important rate-limiting enzyme of mitochondrial fatty acid -oxidation, in controlling PASMC proliferation in PAH. We discovered that in monocrotaline-induced PAH, CPT1 was strongly expressed in the lungs and pulmonary arteries of rats, together with decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and downregulation of the AMPK-p53-p21 pathway. CPT1 expression was elevated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB in a dose- and time-dependent manner.The PDGF-BB-induced PASMC proliferation and ATP generation were partially countered by the CPT1 inhibitor etomoxir (ETO). The phosphorylation of AMPK, p53, and p21 in PASMCs was subsequently suppressed by the overexpression of CPT1 in PASMCs, which also increased proliferation and ATP generation. In addition, ETO activated AMPK, which led to an increase in p53 and p21 expression as well as the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase in response to PDGF-BB stimulation in PASMCs. Our research demonstrates a brand-new method by which CPT1 controls PASMC proliferation in PAH, suggesting that targeting CPT1 regulation as a possible therapeutic target in PAH.Learn more about CPT1 here brainly.com/question/14944069
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Describe the application of biotechnology in the production of biological washing powders
Answers
Biotechnology enables the production of highly effective and sustainable washing powders that are capable of removing tough stains while reducing the impact on the environment.
What is the role of biotechnology?Biotechnology plays an important role in the production of biological washing powders. Biological washing powders are detergents that contain enzymes, which are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.
Enzymes break down tough stains, such as blood, grass, and protein-based stains, into smaller, more soluble molecules that can be easily washed away.
Biotechnology is used to produce these enzymes, which are added to the washing powder formulation.
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what are the types of receptors being used by the serval, the spider, the chameleon, and the male silkworm moth?
Answers
Answer:
yaeh
Explanation:
Silkworm moth, (Bombyx mori), lepidopteran whose caterpillar has been used in silk production (sericulture) for thousands of years. Although native to China, the silkworm has been introduced throughout the world and has undergone complete domestication, with the species no longer being found in
Which organism is B more closely related to, A or D?
ORGANISMC
ORGANISM D
ORGANISM B
ORGANISM A
NODE 3
NODE 2
NODE I
Answers
Which of the following is the
amount of time between the
fertilization process and the birth of an organism?
A. 9 months
B. 1 year
C. up to 2 years
D. it depends on the species
Answers
Answer:
D. it depends on the species
Explanation:
Everything is different
Which of these practices best qualifies as a pseudoscience?
using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized
using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized
comparing different brushing techniques to prevent tooth decay
comparing different brushing techniques to prevent tooth decay
developing ways to use star patterns to travel at night
developing ways to use star patterns to travel at night
using varying degrees of sunlight to limit how large different plants grow
Answers
The practice that best qualifies as a pseudoscience is using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized (option A).
What is pseudoscience?Pseudoscience is any body of knowledge that purports to be scientific or to be supported by science but which fails to comply with the scientific method.
Common examples of pseudoscience are as follows:
The belief that two people send cues to one another based on their body positioning.The belief that a person's personality can be seen through their handwritingAccording to this question, the act of using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized is an example of pseudoscience because it does not comform to the scientific method.
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What Is Resting Metabolic Rate?
Answers
Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) is the minimum amount of energy required by the body to perform basic physiological functions while at rest.
It is the energy required to maintain vital functions such as breathing, circulation, and cell growth and repair, and is measured in units of calories or joules. RMR accounts for the majority of the energy used by the body, typically 60-75% of total daily energy expenditure.
RMR is influenced by several factors including age, gender, body composition, and hormone levels. For example, men typically have a higher RMR than women due to a greater amount of muscle mass, which requires more energy to maintain. Additionally, RMR decreases with age, as metabolism naturally slows down with age.
Measuring RMR can be done using indirect calorimetry, which involves measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production to estimate energy expenditure. RMR can also be estimated using predictive equations that take into account factors such as height, weight, and age.
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WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST+50 POINTS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! EASY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! PLEASE PUT A REAL ANSWER OTHERWISE I WILL REPORT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
1. The central nervous system includes the ________ and -_________.
2. Signals from ________ and the body's ________ are received by the brain and the spinal cord.
3. Once signals are processed and ________ by the central nervous system, a response is sent back to the body.
4. A central nervous system is also responsible for programming ________ and
___________.
Word Bank: brain, instincts, interpreted, organs, reflexes, spinal cord, senses
Answers
Answer: The central nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord.
Signals from senses and the body's internal organs are received by the brain and the spinal cord.
Once signals are processed and interpreted by the central nervous system, a response is sent back to the body.
central nervous system is also responsible for programming instincts and reflexes.
Explanation:
Answer:
The central nervous system includes the Brain and Spinal cord.
Signals from neurons and the body's nervous system are received by the brain and the spinal cord.
Once signals are processed and Interpreted by the central nervous system, a response is sent back to the body.
A central nervous system is also responsible for programming instincts and reflexes.
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SCIENCE NOT BIOLOGY
Suppose a scientist discovers fossils of ancient horses in an area. The fossilized horses are much smaller than modern horses. They are found in the same layer as many fossilized tree trunks. Today, horses still live in the area, but it is now open grassland. How do you think the environment has changed over time, and how could this change have led modern horses to be larger than ancient horses?
DON'T JUST COPY SOMEBODY ELSE'S ANSWER PLEASE OR I WILL REPORT
Answers
The environment might have changed from a forested area to an open grassland. Horses changed to adapt to the environment.
How did the environment influence the change?The coexistence of fossilized horses and tree trunks in a particular layer gives an indication that the area was once heavily forested. Conversely, the current population of modern-day horses inhabiting the same zone implies its evolution into an open grassland.
This adaptation could have possibly spurred the development of more massive specimens among contemporary horse populations as mass increased their survival chances in themidstofthis new environment. Large equids had a competitive edge over smaller ones for food sources separated by vast distances, or when running away from their natural predators across broad plains.
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A fish farmer has a large pool used to grow a species of fish. The farmer decides to add a second species of fish to the pool. Both fish species feed on the same type of food, but the fish farmer does not increase the amount of food added to the pool, maintaining the same carrying capacity in the pool.
Which graph shows how the population of the two fish species will change?
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Explanation: The capacity of fish to the ratio of population change increased and showed a variable degree of measurements.
Which level of organization is pictured?
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
Plz help ASAP on a timer
Answers
Answer: It is a cell
Explanation: Most cells have a honey cone shape.
The image represents the level of organization known as tissue. In the image, the cells are organized into a specific pattern and shape to form a tissue. It is important to note that different tissues can be organized into organs, and organs can be organized into organ systems, which make up the various body systems.
What is a Tissue?A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a particular function. Tissues can be found in many places in the body and they are specialized to carry out specific functions. For example, muscle tissue is composed of cells that contract and allow movement, while nerve tissue is made up of cells that transmit electrical signals.
The different levels of organization in the body are all interconnected and work together to maintain homeostasis and keep the body functioning properly.
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Functions of muscle tissue include:a. production of heat.b. protection and support.c. maintenance of posture.d. Both a and c.e. None of the above
Answers
The correct answer is d, both options a and c.
Heat production and maintaining the body's posture are two purposes of muscular tissue.
What is the major purpose of the muscles?The primary purpose of muscle tissue is movement. They are able to contract, which is what causes the movement of body components. They also aid in maintaining good posture and alignment of the body.
What are the main muscle groups?skeletal muscle -Skeletal movements are made possible by the muscles that are linked to bones.smooth Muscle -The walls of hollow internal organs like blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, the bladder, and the uterus are made of smooth muscle, which is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.cardiac musclelearn more about muscular tissue here
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A pedigree chart can help trace _________ in a family to determine whether people carry recessive alleles.
A.phenotype
B.genotype
C.genotype and phenotype
Answers
Athletes training at high altitudes adapt to air with lower oxygen levels than air at sea level. Which cells are most likely to increase in number as a result of this adaptation?
A. neurons
B. red blood cells
C. white blood cells
D. muscle cells
Answers
Answer:
B. Red blood cells are most likely to increase
What does your body do with the waste it does not need?
Answers
Answer:
Hello there, Goodmorning and God Bless...Here is your answer to your following question:
Water, some undigested pieces of food and general body waste are now going to the lower intestine. Bacteria, then join in to break up some of this and release some more nutrients including water and some vitamins that the body consumes.
Explanation:
I did not copy off of google y'know U3U
Can in also get brainlest too ;)
Explanation:
You remove waste as a gas (carbon dioxide), as a liquid (urine and sweat), and as a solid. Excretion is the process of removing wastes and excess water from the body. Recall that carbon dioxide travels through the blood and is transferred to the lungs where it is exhaled.
Phloem is made up of living cells. Phloem takes sugars in the _____ to the roots.
O leaves
O seeds
O flowers
O stem
Answers
Phloem takes sugars in the leaves to the roots.
What is Phloem ?In vascular plants the specialized tissue known as phloem is in charge of moving sugars and amino acids produced during photosynthesis from the leaves and other photosynthetic organs to other sections of the plant.
Therefore, Sugar in the leaves is transported to the roots by phloem. In plants, the phloem is a specialized tissue that transfers nutrients from the leaves where they are produced during photosynthesis, such as sugars, amino acids and other nutrients.
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Help Plz Explain how at least one other non-medical career could benefit from what you’ll learn in this course. For example, how might an artist benefit from understanding anatomy, or how might an architect building stairs, ramps, and so on benefit from knowledge of physiology?
Answers
Could someone help me with biology?
Question: Explain the following statement as if you had to explain it to your parents: "All systems and devices in the body help maintain homeostasis. "
Thank you in advance!
Answers
Answer:That’s a true statement, the devices in the body do help maintain homeostasis . Like your brain, they’re important factors in your body that makes the things in your body controlled for movement and adjustments .
Explanation:
Please Help! Cant find the answer anywhere..
What type of instrument can you use to tell the direction an object is moving?
Answers
A type of instrument that you can use in the detection of the direction an object is moving is known as Compass.
What are the features of the compass?The features of an orienteering compass are as follows:
It has different rulers in order to use with different map scales. It indicates the direction of the arrow at which an object is moving.It also signifies the balancing level of flatness of the earth.According to the context of the question, a compass is a type of instrument that is used in navigation or surveying. It is the fundamental device utilized for direction-finding on the surface of the Earth.
Therefore, a compass is a type of instrument that you can use in the detection of the direction an object is moving.
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While frying French fries, Wanda burned her hand. Burns are examples of a:
skin abnormality.
homeostatic balance.
skin infection.
homeostatic imbalance.
Answers
Answer:
Damage to the skin or deeper tissues caused by sun, hot liquids, fire, electricity, or chemicals.
The degree of severity of most burns is based on the size and depth of the burn. Electrical burns, however, are more difficult to diagnose because they're capable of causing significant injury beneath the skin without showing any signs of damage on the surface.
Explanation:
hope this helps, lovely!! Have a great day <3
Answer:
D
Explanation:
homeostatic imbalance
what do free ribosomes do
Answers
they carry out protein synthesis
Age is an example of a ____________ measure. Age is an example
of a ____________ measure. nominal biological discrete
continuous
Answers
Age is an example of a nominal and discrete measure. It classifies individuals into distinct categories based on the number of years they have lived, but it does not have any inherent numerical meaning or allow for intermediate values.
Age is an example of a nominal measure. A nominal measure is a type of measurement scale that classifies data into distinct categories or groups. In the case of age, individuals are categorized into specific age groups, such as 0-18, 19-30, 31-45, and so on. These categories do not have any inherent numerical or quantitative meaning. Instead, they serve as labels to differentiate different age ranges.
Unlike a biological measure, which refers to physical characteristics of living organisms, age is not directly related to an individual's biology. It is a social construct that is used to determine the number of years a person has lived since birth. Age can be measured using a variety of units, such as years, months, or days.
Age is also a discrete measure because it takes on specific, separate values. For example, someone can be 15 years old, 25 years old, or 40 years old. There is no intermediate value between these discrete age categories.
On the other hand, age is not a continuous measure. A continuous measure is one that can take on any value within a certain range. For example, height or weight can have any value within a specific range. In the case of age, there are distinct categories and no intermediate values. You are either in one age group or another.
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The movement of oxygen across the cell membrane is an example of what type of transport
Answers
Answer:
diffusion
Explanation:
yeah
Help please. Thank you
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:\
It show the answer tho
why need help
Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts?
a. Proximal.
b. Sagittal.
c. Frontal.
d. Transverse.
Answers
A skeleton is found with smooth brow ridges, sub pubic angle of 101
degrees, a small mastoid process, and narrow hip bones. Is the skeleton a
biological male or female? Justify your answer with an explanation on
how you came to your conclusion. *
Your answer
Answers
Answer:
This is a woman's skeleton.
Explanation:
Although the skeleton shown in the question above has narrow bones in the hips and women, in general, have wider bones in the hips than men, we can say that the skeleton mentioned above belongs to a biological woman. This is because we know that this skeleton has a 101 degree subpubic angle, however, the subpubic angle in male pelves varies from 70 to 75 degrees.
HELPPPPPP!!!!! ASAPPPP!!!!
.
Which characteristic is only found among mammals?
lungs
vertebrate
endotherm
milk
Answers
The only characteristic found among mammals is that the females produce milk.
Answer:
milk
Explanation:
mammals are the only group that produces true milk for their young
Why do birth control pills contain progesterone?
Help please!!
Answers
Answer:c u take birth control to not get pregant so if thers no sperm and eggs mixed no prego
Explanation:
As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH used by the Calvin cycle in 3 hours. You find 9,000 molecules of ATP used, but only 6,000 molecules of NADPH. Where did the extra ATP molecules come from
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - Cyclic flow.
Explanation:
Cyclic electrons flow pumps proton in the lumen of thylakoid towards the concentration with the help of ATP synthase. This movement produces additional ATP.
These additional ATPs are come from cyclic electron flow, during light reaction come from cyclic electron flow, during light reaction.