Originally, when constructing columns grecian architects used wood. What material was used later instead of wood?.

The collapse of the urbanized economies of early empires such as Mesopotamian, Mayan, and Roman can be attributed to a combination of factors.

One of the main reasons was environmental degradation due to unsustainable agricultural practices, which led to soil erosion and depletion of natural resources. Additionally, these empires often engaged in excessive military spending, which drained their resources and left them vulnerable to attack.
Another factor was the reliance on slave labor, which was not only morally questionable but also unsustainable in the long term. As the supply of slaves dwindled, these empires struggled to maintain their economic systems, leading to social unrest and political instability. Furthermore, corruption and mismanagement of resources by ruling elites exacerbated these problems and contributed to the collapse of the urbanized economies.
Lastly, external factors such as invasions, trade disruptions, and epidemics also played a role in the decline of these empires. Overall, the collapse of these early urbanized economies was a complex phenomenon that resulted from a combination of environmental, economic, social, and political factors.

Learn more about economic :

https://brainly.com/question/30131108

#SPJ11

American culture today is a product of its diverse population, immigration patterns, technological advancements, popular media, historical legacy, consumerism, and regional and local influences.

The fusion of different cultures and traditions has created a rich and vibrant cultural landscape. Immigrants bring their languages, customs, and cuisines, enriching American society.

Technological innovations, particularly the internet and social media, have transformed communication, entertainment, and information sharing. American popular culture, including music, film, television, and sports, has a global reach and influences trends and societal norms.

Read mroe on American culture here: https://brainly.com/question/22045120

#SPJ1

The Renaissance's intellectual foundation was its version of humanism, derived from the concept of Roman humanitas and the rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy, such as Protagoras' statement that "man is the measure of all things."

The intellectual foundation of the Renaissance was its version of humanism, derived from Roman humanitas and the rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy, such as Protagoras' statement that "man is the measure of all things."

Humanism was a source of inspiration and a significant theme during the Renaissance. Creativity and great changes in many areas such as political, social, economic, and cultural. Renaissance is an important part of European history.

To know more about Renaissance here

https://brainly.com/question/13577111

#SPJ4

Answer:

C. 1898

Explanation:

Edge2020

Answer:

C

Explanation:

EDG2021

Mrs. Mitty has no idea that Walter Mitty was once a valiant ship's commander. That is a dramatic irony's example.

The use of language that traditionally means the contrary to express one's meaning, usually for hilarious or forceful effect. is called as the dramatic irony.

This also included that the audience or readers experience more about a situation than the character, dramatic irony arises. Mrs. Mitty is completely unaware that Walter Mitty was once a brave ship's captain. That's a great example of dramatic irony.

Therefore, option A is correct.

To learn more about the dramatic irony, refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/18321974

#SPJ2

Richard Preston's primary purpose in writing The Hot Zone was to inform, educate and alert readers about the potential threats of deadly viruses and their devastating effects. What is The Hot Zone?

The Hot Zone is a bestselling book by Richard Preston that accounts for the origins and impacts of viral diseases such as Ebola. It offers a glimpse into the deadly viruses, their heads, and how they spread. The book is based on real-life events and scientific research and aims to educate and alert readers to the dangers of these infectious diseases. Richard Preston's primary goal in writing The Hot Zone was to inform and educate readers about the potential threats of deadly viruses and their devastating effects. He provided a detailed account of the origins and impacts of viral diseases, how they spread, and the lack of sufficient treatment options for these diseases. In addition, the author wanted to create awareness about the risks of infectious diseases and how they could become a significant public health crisis. Conclusively, Richard Preston's writing in The Hot Zone is intended to provide an understanding of the dangerous viruses that could threaten human lives and well-being.

Learn more about The Hot Zone here: https://brainly.com/question/3779286.

#SPJ11

In 1812, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun could best be described as members of the War Hawks faction of the United States Congress.

The War Hawks was a group of Democratic-Republican congressmen from the southern and western regions of the United States who supported the War of 1812 with Great Britain. They were led by Speaker of the House Henry Clay of Kentucky and South Carolina Congressman John C. Calhoun.The War Hawks favored expansionism and the annexation of Canada and Florida. They believed that the British were interfering with American trade and providing arms to Native Americans who were attacking settlers in the western territories. They also saw the war as an opportunity to prove American military strength and gain more territory.

In conclusion, in 1812, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun could best be described as members of the War Hawks faction of the United States Congress, which was in favor of the War of 1812 with Great Britain and favored expansionism and annexation of Canada and Florida.

Learn more about Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun here: https://brainly.com/question/28823553

#SPJ11

Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun are two political leaders who served in the United States government in the early 19th century. Clay and Calhoun were prominent members of the Whig and Democratic parties, respectively.

They are best known for their contributions to the early development of the American political system and their roles in shaping the nation's policies on issues such as slavery, states' rights, and territorial expansion. Henry Clay was a senator from Kentucky who played a significant role in shaping American politics during his time in office. He was a leading advocate for the Whig party and served as Speaker of the House of Representatives for several years. Clay was known for his support of the American System, a plan that called for high tariffs on imported goods, a national bank to manage the nation's finances, and investments in transportation infrastructure, such as roads and canals. This system was designed to promote economic growth and unity across the nation.

John C. Calhoun, on the other hand, was a senator from South Carolina who was deeply committed to the cause of states' rights. He was a leading voice in the Democratic party and was known for his defense of slavery and his opposition to the federal government's interference in state affairs. Calhoun argued that the states had the right to nullify or ignore federal laws that they deemed unconstitutional. He believed that the federal government should have limited powers and that the states should be free to govern themselves as they saw fit. In conclusion, in 1812, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun could best be described as influential political leaders who had distinct views on the role of the federal government in American life. Clay was a proponent of a strong central government and economic growth, while Calhoun believed in states' rights and limited federal authority. Both men played a significant role in shaping American politics during their time in office and left lasting legacies that continue to influence the nation today.

To know more about prominent visit :-

https://brainly.com/question/16489495

#SPJ11

The country that was split in half between the north and the south in 1954 and reunified in 1975 is Vietnam.

The division of Vietnam into two regions occurred after the First Indochina War, which ended with the Geneva Accords of 1954. According to this agreement, Vietnam was temporarily divided into two parts at the 17th parallel, with the North under communist rule and the South under a pro-Western government. However, the division led to a civil war between the two regions, and the conflict escalated in the 1960s with the intervention of the United States. The Vietnam War ended with the fall of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, in 1975, and the reunification of the country under communist rule. The reunification of Vietnam marked the end of the war and the beginning of a new chapter in the country's history.

To know more about Vietnam visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30697384

#SPJ11

Answer:

Here are the top 7 facts about the Russian Revolution that I believe a person should know:

There were actually two Russian Revolutions in 1917. The February Revolution overthrew Tsar Nicholas II and installed a Provisional Government. This was itself overthrown by the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution1.

The dates of the Revolutions are slightly confusing. Although these revolutions occurred in March and November, they are referred to as the February and October Revolutions respectively because Russia was still using the old-style Julian Calendar1.

Severe Russian losses in World War One contributed heavily to growing dissent in 1917. Russian military blundering had led to combatant losses in the millions, while hundreds of thousands of civilians had died or been displaced due to the effects of the war. Meanwhile, economic hardship was mounting at home1.

The February Revolution was centered at Petrograd2.

February Revolution of 1917 ended the Tsarist autocracy in Russia2.

The October Revolution of 1917 was spearheaded by the Bolshevik Party who considered themselves the leaders of the revolutionary working class of Russia1.

The principal figures in the October Revolution were Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky1.

These facts provide a broad overview of the events that led to and occurred during the Russian Revolution and highlight its significance in shaping modern history.

The Spanish, British, and French forces fought wars in North America prior to the American Revolution over territorial disputes, including claims to land and resources.

The British and French colonies in North America were set against one other during the Seven Years' War, with various Native American tribes supporting either side. These conflicts were known as the French and Indian Wars, which began in 1689 and continued until 1763. The wars were fought primarily between the British and French, but the Spanish also became involved at certain points. The conflicts were motivated by economic and political interests, as well as the desire to control strategic locations and trade routes.

Between 1765 and 1791, British America underwent a philosophical and political change known as the American change.

To know more about American Revolution, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/12430957

#SPJ11

Answer:Most Americans viewed the war as a distant European conflict for land and influence. They did not think the war directly threatened their interests, so they wanted no part in it.

Explanation:

Division of labor brings specialization in organisation as it divide the work into various people which ultimately improve the efficiency of work and hence more optimisation of human labor.  A manufacturing company's assembly line is a good illustration of how specialization results in economies of scale.

1.  Division of labor

By dividing a complex production activity into many, or many, smaller ones, division of labor combines specialization and subtask division.

The importance of the division of labor in economics stems from the fact that it allows a given number of people to create significantly more output than they could if they were all working independently. It's interesting to note that this is true even for skilled craftspeople who work alone.

These, in Adam Smith's opinion, include improved dexterity that results from learning, improvements in tool design and use as a result of more precisely defined stages, and reductions in wasted motion while switching between tasks.

2. Specialization

Economies of scale are a result of specialization. Workers are able to concentrate on a few or even one task because labor is distributed among them.

They become more proficient at a task the more they concentrate on it, which reduces the time and cost necessary to produce a good.

To know more about division of labor and specialization -

https://brainly.com/question/11928786?referrer=searchResults

Answer: Primary role of the United States Bureau of Counterterrorism:

To advance counterterrorism efforts in other countries.

Explanation: The primary role of the United States Bureau of Counterterrorism is to advance the country's efforts to combat terrorism worldwide. This includes working with foreign governments and international organizations to develop and implement strategies to prevent, disrupt, and respond to terrorist activities. The Bureau also coordinates with various U.S. government agencies and departments to ensure a comprehensive and integrated approach to counterterrorism efforts. In addition, it conducts research and analysis to better understand the nature of terrorist threats and to identify potential vulnerabilities in the U.S. and abroad. Ultimately, the Bureau's goal is to protect U.S. citizens, interests, and assets from the threat of terrorism.

Answer:

During the reign of Philip II, Spain reached the height of its influence and power, and remained firmly Roman Catholic. Philip saw himself as a champion of Catholicism, both against the Muslim Ottoman Empire and the Protestants.

As the Spanish Empire was not a single monarchy with one legal system but a federation of separate realms, Philip often found his authority overruled by local assemblies, and his word less effective than that of local lords.

When Philip’s health began failing, he worked from his quarters in the Palace-Monastery-Pantheon of El Escorial, which he built with Juan Batista de Toledo and which was another expression of Philip’s commitments to protect Catholics against the raising influence of Protestantism across Europe.

Philip’s foreign policies were determined by a combination of Catholic fervor and dynastic objectives. He considered himself the chief defender of Catholic Europe, both against the Ottoman Turks and against the forces of the Protestant Reformation.

Wars with Dutch Provinces, England, France, and the Ottoman Empire all had the undermining religious aspects of protecting Catholicism in increasingly Protestant Europe or protecting Christianity against Islam.

Because Philip II was the most powerful European monarch in an era of war and religious conflict, evaluating both his reign and the man himself has become a controversial historical subject.

Explanation:

Answer:

Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, has assailed a two-state solution for Israel and the Palestinians, saying the Palestinian bid for statehood at the United Nations is doomed to fail.

Any plan to divide a Palestinian state would be unacceptable, Khamenei said on Saturday, adding that such a state could exist temporarily as part of “liberated territory”.

“Our claim is freedom of Palestine, not part of Palestine. Any plan that partitions Palestine is totally rejected,” Khamenei told the gathering. “Palestine spans from the river [Jordan] to the [Mediterranean] sea, nothing less.”

He added that the Palestinians should not limit themselves to seeking a country within the occupied West Bank, east Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip which would implicitly recognize Israel because “all land belongs to Palestinians.”

Answer:

Eurasian geography has a set of large rivers in the middle of large plains, and the rivers make the plains fertile by distributing fertilizing sediment when they overflow their shores.

These rivers are: the Tigris, the Euphrates, the Indus, and the Yellow River, and where precisely these rives, along with the Nile in Africa, where the first human civilizations emerged.

Another reason is that Eurasia has many areas with easy access to the sea, because of the many inlets, peninsulas, gulfs, inner seas, and canals that dot the continent.

Answer:

1. Manifest Destiny, a phrase coined in 1845, is the idea that the United States is destined—by God, its advocates believed—to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the entire North American continent

2.A complex mix of political, social, and economic factors fueled American expansionist sentiment in the 1840s. Many Americans subscribed to the concept of "Manifest Destiny," the belief that Providence preordained the United States to occupy as much land on the continent as possible.

Explanation:

During the nineteenth century, railroads spawned the first massive corporations, made the first of the vast fortunes that would define the Gilded Age, unleashed labor demands that united thousands of farmers and immigrants, and linked many towns and cities.

Chandler argues that the success of the railroads was due to the emergence of large, centralized corporations with the ability to coordinate and manage the complexities of the rail system, while White argues that the railroads were successful due to the development of a supportive economic and political environment, including government subsidies and favorable court decisions.

To support Chandler's argument, one could point to the growth of the "trust" model of corporate organization in the late 19th century, which allowed large corporations to coordinate and regulate industries, as seen in the growth of Standard Oil and other trusts.

To support White's argument, one could point to the passage of the Granger Laws in the 1870s, which regulated and controlled the power of the railroads and other corporations, as evidence of the role of government and political institutions in shaping the success of the railroads.

Read more about railroads

brainly.com/question/13604314

#SPJ1

Portuguese mariners used a number of technologies to enter and gain control of indian ocean trade routes.They combined astrolabes and compasses, gunpowder and cannons, and caravels.

Innovations in navigational technology (such as the stern-post rudder, compass, astrolabe, lateen sail, and others) contributed significantly to the expansion of trade in the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean. The Portuguese used both diplomacy (as in the cases of Macau and Mumbai) and force (as in the case of Goa, for example) to establish trading posts throughout the Indian Ocean, which had a significant impact on Europe.

This encouraged other European nations to explore and establish colonies in order to obtain the same benefits that the Portuguese obtained by establishing such colonies (lower costs to move goods, lower prices, and trading exclusivity). They did this by taking control of a lot of ports and coastal cities, which were very important for controlling trade in the area

learn about portuguese:

https://brainly.com/question/7488491

#SPJ4

Answer:

The American Revolution was a war for independence from Britain with many battles and diplomatic meetings such as the Continental Congresses. it was caused by the relentless taxation of the British government and other disputes such as the Boston Massacre.

Answer: Max Weber

Explanation:

Answer: Abrham lincoln

Explanation: learned of it :D

Following his visit to Hormuz, Marco Polo continues his journey east, and the following places are shown on the map:

Cathay and Mongolia.

According to the facts on the map, it is clear that Marco Polo continued his journey to the east after visiting Hormuz, leading us to Cathay.

He travels to Cathay after that and continues eastward, arriving in Mongolia.

Because the crucial keyword "travels east" ensures that we understand that it is not his journey to Persia that is required, we need to exercise caution when selecting our choices.

The four geographic points are attached below so you can see where the cardinal points are.

therefore the correct answer is Cathay and Mongolia.

find more about Marco polo from the link below:-

https://brainly.com/question/1961580

#SPJ4

Answer:

The papal bull annulling Magna Carta

Explanation:

As a primary source or a secondary source

Generally, A primary source is a document or other piece of information that is produced by a witness or participant in an event, or that is created during the time period being studied.

Primary sources provide firsthand testimony or direct evidence about a particular event or time period. Examples of primary sources include letters, photographs, newspaper articles written at the time of an event, and government documents.

A secondary source is a document or other piece of information that is based on or refers to primary sources. Secondary sources provide an interpretation or analysis of primary sources. Examples of secondary sources include history books, encyclopedias, and reviews.

Read more about the primary source or a secondary source

https://brainly.com/question/336747

#SPJ1

CQ

Identify each source as either a primary source or a secondary source

Answer

He wanted to prevent the sale of indulgences. He married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope and so The people of Europe had little contact with the Catholic Church, which had no influence over their lives.

Explanation:

The reason why Oliver Brown sued was because His daughter was not allowed to go to the neighborhood school because she was black.

This was because of the segregation that existed in the country at the time. A little girl was prevented from going to school in the neighborhood because she was black.

The reason they sued was because segregation was depriving them of having equal education opportunities.

Read more on segregation here:

https://brainly.com/question/12498653

#SPJ1

Answer:

World Domination

Explanation:

Heil Hitler

jk dont b mad