Any process known as polymerization occurs when relatively small molecules, known as monomers, chemically combine to create a very big chainlike or network molecule, known as a polymer. The molecules that make up the monomer could all be the same or could stand in for two, three, or more different substances.
Large molecules known as macromolecules are composed of monomers, which can be either organic (such as lipids and proteins) or inorganic (such as rubber and diamond).
More atoms make up macromolecules than there are in regular molecules. For instance, a polyethylene molecule, a type of plastic, can have up to 2,500 methylene groups, each of which is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one carbon atom.
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hii i'm having trouble with this bc of my favorite animal!!! PLS HELP T-T
In order to survive, animals need to adapt to their environment over many generations. Think about your favorite animal, its physical features, and its environmental challenges. Without doing any outside research, in 3-5 sentences, try to: a) describe what features have likely had to adapt to its environment over time, and b) hypothesize what ways it might have to adapt to environmental changes in the future.
(my favorite animal is a cow, specifically fluffy cows!)
Answer:
Cows, like most mammals, have evolved to adapt to their environment over time. For example, their digestive system has adapted to efficiently digest grasses and other plants. The unique feature of fluffy cows is their long hair, which helps them regulate their body temperature in colder environments. In the future, if there are changes in their environment, such as increased heat due to climate change, fluffy cows may need to adapt by developing more effective cooling mechanisms or moving to cooler regions.
BRAINLIEST PLEASE!
what does breathing have to do with aerobic cellular respiration
Breathing is essential for aerobic cellular respiration as it provides the necessary oxygen and removes waste carbon dioxide.
Breathing and aerobic cellular respiration are closely interconnected processes that support the survival of living organisms. Breathing, also known as respiration, involves the exchange of gases between the lungs and the environment. It is the process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide. On the other hand, aerobic cellular respiration occurs within the mitochondria of cells and is responsible for converting glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP.
During breathing, oxygen is taken in through inhalation and transported to the cells via the bloodstream. Oxygen is a crucial component for aerobic cellular respiration as it serves as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, a key step in ATP production. Without oxygen, aerobic cellular respiration cannot proceed efficiently, leading to a decrease in ATP production and energy for cellular processes.
Conversely, aerobic cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide as a waste product. This carbon dioxide is transported back to the lungs through the bloodstream and exhaled during breathing. The removal of carbon dioxide is essential to maintain the proper pH balance in the body and prevent the buildup of toxic levels of carbon dioxide.
In summary, breathing provides the necessary oxygen for aerobic cellular respiration and removes waste carbon dioxide. These processes are interdependent and crucial for the production of energy in cells.
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Breathing plays a crucial role in aerobic cellular respiration.
During aerobic cellular respiration, oxygen is required as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. Breathing brings oxygen into the body and supplies it to the cells through the bloodstream. This oxygen is then used by the cells in the process of aerobic cellular respiration to generate energy in the form of ATP.
Without proper breathing, the supply of oxygen to the cells would be insufficient for aerobic cellular respiration to occur optimally. The exchange of gases, particularly the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide, is essential for maintaining a constant supply of oxygen for cellular respiration and removing waste carbon dioxide produced during the process. Therefore, breathing and aerobic cellular respiration are interconnected processes, ensuring the availability of oxygen for cellular energy production.
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How was heavy DNA distinguished from normal DNA by centrifugation in Meselson and Stahl experiment?
In the Meselson and Stahl experiment, heavy DNA was distinguished from normal DNA by centrifugation using a CsCl density gradient.
The Meselson and Stahl experiment involved labeling the heavy DNA with a heavy isotope of nitrogen, 15N, and the normal DNA with a lighter isotope, 14N. The DNA samples were then placed in a centrifuge tube with a CsCl solution, and subjected to centrifugation.
During centrifugation, the heavy DNA moved toward the bottom of the tube, while the normal DNA moved toward the top. This created a distinct band of heavy DNA at the bottom of the tube, and a distinct band of normal DNA at the top.
By comparing the positions of the two bands, the researchers were able to distinguish between the heavy and normal DNA and determine how DNA replication occurs in cells.
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PLEASE HELP!!! Iodine 131 has a half-life of about 8 days. How long will it take for the radiation of the isotope to go from 100 g to 12.5 g?
Answer:
After four half lives or 32 years, only 12.5 grams will be left.
Hope it helps :)
PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!!PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!!
Answer:
I think its b but I'm not sure
don't hate me if I'm wrong
Amino acid is a building block of (1 point)
O starch.
O carbohydrates.
O protein.
O glucose
Answer:
Protein
Explanation:
Carbohydrates building block = monosaccharide
lipids building block = glycerol/ fatty acids
glucose is a type of carb and a starch is a carb too
summarize the process of bacterial transformation with the terms Restriction enzymes (endonucleases) E. coli EcoR1 DNA Ligase Sticky Ends Transformation Plasmid Recombinant DNA
Answer:
Bacterial transformation is a process in which foreign DNA is introduced into bacterial cells. It involves several key steps:
1. Restriction enzymes (endonucleases): These enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific recognition sites. In bacterial transformation, restriction enzymes are often used to cut both the foreign DNA and the bacterial DNA.
2. E. coli EcoR1: EcoR1 is a specific type of restriction enzyme derived from E. coli bacteria. It recognizes a specific DNA sequence and cuts the DNA at that site.
3. Sticky Ends: When the DNA is cut by EcoR1, it produces "sticky ends" with single-stranded overhangs. These sticky ends can base pair with complementary sequences.
4. DNA Ligase: DNA ligase is an enzyme that joins the sticky ends of DNA fragments by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds. In bacterial transformation, DNA ligase is used to seal the gaps between the foreign DNA and the bacterial DNA.
5. Transformation: The bacterial cells are made competent, or capable of taking up foreign DNA. The foreign DNA, often in the form of a circular DNA molecule called a plasmid, is added to the competent cells. Through various methods such as heat shock or electroporation, the foreign DNA enters the bacterial cells.
6. Plasmid: A plasmid is a small, circular DNA molecule that exists independently of the bacterial chromosome. It can replicate autonomously within the bacterial cell and often carries additional genes or genetic elements.
7. Recombinant DNA: After the foreign DNA is successfully taken up by the bacterial cells, it can integrate into the bacterial genome or exist as an extrachromosomal element. The resulting DNA molecule, which combines DNA from different sources (foreign and bacterial), is called recombinant DNA.
Overall, bacterial transformation involves the use of restriction enzymes to cut DNA, DNA ligase to join the DNA fragments, and the uptake of foreign DNA into bacterial cells. This process allows for the creation of recombinant DNA molecules that can be used for various purposes, such as genetic engineering or studying gene function.
Can the atmosphere change in its composition? Explain.
Hello! Allow me to help!
Your question: Can the atmosphere change in its composition?
My answer: Our atmosphere is made up of many different gases. The most common gases are nitrogen, oxygen and argon. But, the exact amount of each gas is always changing.
Why is my answer correct? Good question! Allow me to explain: Tropical deforestation not only has a large impact on the carbon cycle and climate, but also affects the chemistry of the atmosphere. Together with the carbon cycle and weather patterns land use can affect the concentrations of greenhouse gases like methane and ozone.
Over a vast amount of time, millions of years, the earth gradually cooled. When the temperature dropped enough, water vapor condensed and went from a gas to liquid form. This created clouds. From these clouds, the oceans formed and the oceans absorbed a lot of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Changes in atmospheric composition and the rest of the climate system would include temperature, rainfall, and humidity, which would affect the economic importance, geographical distribution, and management of diseases effecting crop production.
Hope this helps! UwU
-Maxwell
answer: yes the atmosphere is changing
explaination: Scientific measurements have documented shifts in chemical composition throughout the lower atmosphere, as well as substantial alterations in chemical composition in the upper atmosphere.
APPUCATHON cheie and a table is Fes 2 and Fes 10 respectively. What should be the dedy producton of each of two products? (19 pts)
The dedy production of APPUCATHON cheie is Fes 2, while the dedy production of a table is Fes 10.
The dedy production of each product is determined by the abbreviations "Fes 2" and "Fes 10." These abbreviations likely represent specific units of measurement or production quantities.
Without further context or information, it is challenging to provide a detailed explanation of what these abbreviations precisely mean or represent. It is possible that "Fes" refers to a specific measurement unit or a production target set for each product.
However, based on the given information, it can be inferred that the dedy production of APPUCATHON cheie should be Fes 2, while the dedy production of a table should be Fes 10. This suggests that the required production output for APPUCATHON cheie is significantly lower compared to that of a table.
The discrepancy in dedy production quantities might be attributed to various factors such as market demand, production complexity, or resource availability.
Overall, the provided answer gives a concise response to the question by specifying the dedy production values for each product without delving into the underlying reasons or context behind these quantities.
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Briefly explain the evolution of oxygen on earth.
Answer:
The answer is tiny organisms known as cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae. These microbes conduct photosynthesis: using sunshine, water and carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates and, yes, oxygen. ... "What it looks like is that oxygen was first produced somewhere around 2.7 billion to 2.8 billon years ago.
Explanation:
Accidental errors (mistakes) in the DNA are known as
A. mutations
B. nucleotides
C. random
Answer:
A. mutations
Explanation:
Mutations. ... When there is a mistake in the copying of the genetic message that is permanent, a mutation has occurred. UV light can cause mutations, as the DNA molecules are good absorbers of UV
Answer:
A. mutations
Explanation:
The accidental errors (mistakes) in the DNA are known as mutations.
Fill in the blank
the earth is composed primarily of _______
Answer:
Iron and Nickel
Explanation:
Hope that helps
The parental male mutant trait is______? the parental female mutant trait is________?.
What is a Mutant trait?
This is defined as specific characteristics an organism exhibits as a result of new genetic characters.
The two traits are recessive with the sepia eyes being the parental male mutant trait and the vestigial wings as parental female mutant trait in this scenario.
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Can anyone help with these 3 questions thank you xx
Answer:
I know the answer to your 3.1 question. Between minutes 15 and 60, the blood glucose level goes up for about 20 minutes and then drops over the next about 30 minutes to it’s lowest point. iI do not know the answers to the other ones, but I really hope this helps! :)
Explanation:
Classify the following traits as specific to either cells or viruses, or shared by both.Unique to cells:Shared by cells:and viruses Unique to viruses:Answer Bank:can actively respond to environmental stimulicontain genetic material protected by a protein coatcan autonomously carry out biological processescontain genetic material capable of undergoing evolution by natural selectioncontain organelles that are bound by membranes
Specific characteristics of cells such as they can react quickly to environmental cues, are capable of performing biological activities independently, and entail organelles that are membrane-bound.
Viruses only have certain characteristics: Enclose genetic material in a protein coat. The similarities between viruses and cells: contain genetic material that can undergo natural selection-based evolution
Virion, the full virus particle, is made up of genetic material encased in a protein coat made of capsomeres and is an infectious intracellular parasite. The protoplasm, cell organelles, metabolic enzymes, and all other molecular machinery are absent from viruses. Therefore, it cannot carry out biological functions, which can evolve through natural selection. The structural and operational core of every creature is the cell.
These organelles, which are surrounded by cell membranes and include organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, chloroplasts, and vesicles, assist the cell in carrying out biological operations. Additionally, the cells carry genetic material that can evolve through natural selection and actively react to environmental cues.
Thus, we might conclude that specific property of cells, such as their ability to respond swiftly to environmental stimuli, their ability to carry out biological processes on their own, and the presence of organelles that are membrane-bound.
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[30 points.]
• Please don’t make the answer confusing and instead put the answer and simply a because why it is that instead of making a entire essay.
-
Which example best describes the order of energy flow in an ecosystem?
[A] - sun → bird → worm
[B] - eagle → rabbit → grass
[C] - grass → mouse → grasshopper
[D] - sun → alga → small fish
-
• Good luck! Best non-confusing answer gets brainiest.
(01.01 MC) Which of the following best explains why what we know about cells is called a theory and not a law? (5 points) We do not have enough evidence yet to call cell theory a law. We have not reviewed cell behavior enough yet to call it a law. Cell theory is still changing but may eventually become a law. Cell theory explains cell behavior where a law would describe it.
Answer: Cell theory explains cell behavior where a law would describe it
Explanation: Theories are used to explain phenomena, while laws just describe what will always happen. Such as the law of thermodynamics that describes what is going on inside a room when heat leaves it.
During cellular respiration, which of the following is equal to the total number of oxygen atoms in glucose and oxygen Gas?
Answer:
What are the following?
Used to make proteins and nucleic acids - DNA and RNA -
which control cell function and are inherited by offspring.
Explanation:
RNA is used to make proteins and nucleic acids
DNA controls cell function and are inherited by offsprings
True of false: The wings on an airplane are flat.
1. False
2. True
Answer:
False
Explanation:
An airplane wing is round on top.
Help please?!!!???????
Answer:
That is so easy
Explanation:
type on google animal cell look at images and you get yourself the answers.
Answer:
1.golgi vesicles
2.golgi apparatus
3.mitochondria
4.centrioles
5.cell membrane
6.cytoplasm
7.nucleus
8.pinocytotic vesicle
9.lysosome
10.microtubules
11.vacuoles
12.smooth er
13.rough er
14.nucleolus
15.ribosomes
hope this helps :)
Explanation:
Giới thực vật gồm các sinh vật có đặc điểm
Answer:
Explanation:
Kingdom Plantae bao gồm tất cả các loài thực vật. Chúng là những sinh vật nhân thực, đa bào và tự dưỡng. Tế bào thực vật chứa một thành tế bào cứng. Thực vật có lục lạp và sắc tố diệp lục, cần cho quá trình quang hợp.
Can some explain DNA replication??
Answer:
DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.Science. Which student is correct
QUESTION 14
The haploid number of chromosomes of a palm tree is 30. The number of chromosomes in root, stem, and leaf cells would be
a. 10.
b 20.
c. 30.
d. 40.
e. 60.
Working with protein extracts from African frog eggs, scientists have been able to disassemble and reassemble metaphase chromosome. Which of the following proteins were sufficient for chromosome assembly in vitro? 1.DNA ligase 2.Histones 3.DNA topoisomerase II 4.Histone chaperones 5.Cohesin 6.Condensins
In vitro experiments with protein extracts from African frog eggs have demonstrated that the proteins sufficient for chromosome assembly include histones, histone chaperones, cohesin, and condensins. DNA ligase and DNA topoisomerase II are not directly involved in chromosome assembly.
Chromosomes are complex structures formed by the condensation and organization of DNA and associated proteins. In vitro experiments with protein extracts allow scientists to study the components necessary for chromosome assembly.
Histones are key proteins involved in the packaging of DNA into chromatin, the compacted form of DNA in chromosomes. They help stabilize the DNA structure and facilitate the folding and condensation of the DNA molecule.
Histone chaperones are proteins that assist in the proper deposition of histones onto DNA during chromosome assembly. They aid in the organization and positioning of histones, contributing to the formation of functional chromosomes.
Cohesin and condensins are protein complexes involved in regulating the higher-order structure of chromosomes. Cohesin helps hold sister chromatids together, ensuring their proper alignment and segregation during cell division. Condensins play a role in chromosome condensation and compaction, helping to shape the chromosomes into their characteristic structures.
DNA ligase is an enzyme involved in the joining of DNA fragments, while DNA topoisomerase II is involved in the management of DNA supercoiling. Although important for DNA maintenance and repair, these proteins are not directly involved in the assembly of chromosomes.
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Would you rather burn to death or freeze to death? Hmm...
A. approach-approach conflict
B. avoidance-avoidance conflict
C. approach-avoidance conflict
D. double approach-avoidance conflict
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Children tend to resemble their parents due to __________
Answer:genetics
Explanation:
Based on aquatic ecology
Question 4
What is the chlorophyll a to phosphorus ratio? Why is it important
in understanding eutrophication and discuss
its application to the Australian environment? (Max 4
The chlorophyll to phosphorus ratio is a measure used in aquatic ecology to assess the nutrient status and potential for eutrophication in water bodies.
This ratio is important in understanding eutrophication because phosphorus is a key nutrient that can fuel excessive growth of algae and aquatic plants. Understanding the chlorophyll to phosphorus ratio in the Australian environment is particularly important because of the diverse aquatic ecosystems in that nation and the difficulties caused by nutrient pollution.
Australia has various types of water bodies, including rivers, lakes, estuaries, and coastal areas, which are vulnerable to eutrophication. Understanding this ratio in the Australian context can help inform targeted interventions and conservation efforts to maintain ecological health and water quality.
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----- The complete question is:
What is the chlorophyll a to phosphorus ratio? Why is it important in understanding eutrophication and discuss its application to the Australian environment? -----
The lifetime of a method's local variable is
Select one:
a. the duration of the program
b. the duration of the class to which the method belongs
c. the duration of the method that called the local variable's method
d. only while the method is executing
The lifetime of a method's local variable is limited to the duration of the method's execution. Option d. only while the method is executing.
In programming, a method is a block of code that performs a specific task. Local variables are variables that are declared inside a method and are only accessible within that method.
The lifetime of a method's local variable is the period of time during which the variable exists and can be accessed within the method. The local variable is created when the method is called and allocated memory space in the program's stack memory. As soon as the method completes its execution, the stack memory is released, and the local variable is destroyed.
It is essential to understand the lifetime of a method's local variable as it helps in optimizing the memory usage and preventing memory leaks.
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