Metallic Bonds Worksheet


1. Which statement best compares the melting points of magnesium and sodium?

A. Magnesium has a higher melting point because it contributes one

additional electron per atom than sodium in the electron sea.

B. Magnesium has a higher melting point because it contributes two

additional electrons per atom than sodium in the electron sea.

C. Sodium has a higher melting point because it contributes one fewer

electron per atom than magnesium in the electron sea.

D. Sodium has a higher melting point because it contributes two fewer

electrons per atom than magnesium in the electron sea.


2. If you wanted to make a crucible for melting sodium (Na), which metal would be

most suitable for that purpose?

A. calcium (Ca)

B. rubidium (Rb)

C. lithium (Li)

D. potassium (K)


crucible

3. Scientists at a metallurgic factory are testing different metals to study the

strength of the electrical forces between their atoms. They determined the force

needed to bend a sheet of each metal and found that Metal A requires 50 N of

force, Metal B requires 30 N, Metal C requires 70 N, and Metal D requires 100 N.

Which metal will have the lowest melting point?

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D


Read the passage and use the diagram to answer the next two questions.

The image shows a diagram for a suspension bridge such as the Golden Gate.

There are metal elements in the suspenders, towers, cables, and especially the

surface. The engineers who design bridges need to consider the properties of

metals, such as ductility and malleability.


4. If a big force acts on the metal towers of the suspension bridge, the tower will not

break into pieces like glass, but will bend instead. Which property of metals

explains this phenomenon?

A. brittleness

B. conductivity

C. ductility

D. malleability


5. Metal suspenders are required for the new bridge, and you will need a metal with

high ductility that can be drawn into long wires with ease. You test the elongation

of three different metals against the force, and the results are shown in the graph:


What is the correct order of the metals according to their suitability to be used for

suspenders? The least suitable metal will be first, and the most suitable will be

last.

A. A, B, C

B. B, A, C

C. C, B, A

D. A, C, B

i need aall the answers

Answer:

The Lewis dot structure is not correct

Explanation:

Each atom ought to be surrounded by eight electrons or two electrons according to the octet rule. We now need to closely examine the structure to see if it fits into this description.

All the atoms in the molecule have the correct valence except the hydrogen which is directly attached to the oxygen.

The positive charge ought to mean that more than two bonds were formed between hydrogen and oxygen which is clearly not the case here.

Thus, the hydrogen atom attached directly to oxygen does not display the correct valence.

Answer:

Eutrophication is the enrichment of a body of water with excessive nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), which causes algal growth and subsequent decline of dissolved oxygen after decomposition.

Water has a lower density in its solid state than in its liquid state because of the formation of air pockets in the solid phase as a result of hydrogen bonding. The abnormal expansion of water upon freezing is what is known as, and it is crucial for aquatic life.

The ability of water molecules to attract other water molecules is referred to as cohesion.

A robust and flexible lattice of water molecules is created when several water molecules form hydrogen bonds with one another. High surface tension results from this. Water striders may move across the water's surface thanks to surface tension.

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Answer:The density of the solid state is less than the density of the liquid state

Explanation:

Answer:

The molar volume of a gas expresses the volume occupied by 1 mole of that respective gas under certain temperature and pressure conditions.

scientists use molar volume to measure gas because it it tells us about volume occupied by gas.

Molar volume

The power required for the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide, in the long run, comes from sunlight.

Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound made from molecules that have one carbon atom covalently double-bonded to 2 oxygen atoms. it's miles found in the gas nation at room temperature. inside the air, carbon dioxide is transparent to see as mild but absorbs infrared radiation, performing as a greenhouse gasoline.

Exposure to CO2 can produce a variety of fitness outcomes. those may also encompass complications, dizziness, restlessness, a tingling or pins or needles feeling, issue with respiration, sweating, tiredness, accelerated coronary heart price, extended blood pressure, coma, asphyxia, and convulsions.Carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant, in hearth extinguishers, for inflating lifestyles rafts and life jackets, in blasting coal, foaming rubber and plastics, promoting the boom of plants in greenhouses, immobilizing animals earlier than slaughter, and in carbonated beverages.

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The final temperature of the water is 33.02°C.

Here's the solution:

Initial temperature of water (T1) = 30°C

Mass of water (m) = 2300g

Specific heat capacity of water (c) = 4.184 J/g°C

Heat released by the reaction (q) = 9.66 * 10^3 J

Final temperature of water (T2) = (T1 + q/mc)

= (30°C + 9.66 * 10^3 J / 2300g * 4.184 J/g°C)

= 33.02°C

The heat released by the reaction is absorbed by the water, causing the temperature of the water to increase.

The final temperature of the water is calculated by adding the heat released by the reaction to the initial temperature of the water and dividing by the mass of the water and the specific heat capacity of water.

Thus, the final temperature of the water is 33.02°C.

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Magnesium is more reactive.

The life cycle of a star the size of our sun starts with a nebula, a huge cloud of dust and gas. The gravity of the nebula compresses the cloud until the atoms fuse together, creating a star. This stage is known as pre-birth.

Next, the star enters a main sequence phase, where it shines brightly for millions of years, powered by nuclear fusion.

Eventually the star will slowly run out of hydrogen and the fusion process will become less and less efficient. The star will expand and become what is known as a red giant. This marks the end of the main sequence phase.

After this point, the star expels its outer layers, leaving behind a small, hot core called a white dwarf. It will continue to cool down until it becomes a black dwarf.

If the star is at least 5 times bigger than our sun, it will enter a different life cycle. After the red giant phase, the star will undergo a supernova explosion, which will spew dust and gas into the surrounding areas. These remainders will later form new stars, planets, and other cosmic bodies. What's left of the star will become a neutron star or a black hole.

EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is commonly used to determine the hardness of water due to its ability to form complexes with metal ions, particularly calcium and magnesium ions.

Water hardness refers to the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions present in water. These ions can cause scaling, reduce the effectiveness of soaps, and have other negative effects. EDTA acts as a chelating agent, meaning it can bind to metal ions and form stable complexes.

In the process of determining water hardness, a known amount of EDTA solution is added to a water sample. The EDTA molecules form complexes with the calcium and magnesium ions present in the water.

The endpoint of the titration is reached when all the metal ions are complexed by the EDTA, resulting in a color change or an indicator reaching a specific endpoint.

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Answer: 680ml

Explanation:  (450grams)*(0.665g/ml) = 677 ml

Answer: Does adding salt to water make the water boil faster that if salt is not added?

Explanation:

The scientific question for the boiling water experiment could be: "What is the effect of increasing temperature on the boiling point of water?"

This question aims to investigate how temperature influences the boiling point of water. By conducting the experiment and analyzing the results, scientists can gain a better understanding of the relationship between temperature and the physical state change of water from liquid to vapor.

The question focuses on a specific variable (temperature) and its impact on the boiling process, allowing for a targeted investigation and potential insights into the behavior of water under different conditions.

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Answer:

Cr2H6O7S so this the answer hope its useful

1. La tendencia general de la electronegatividad durante un período es que la electronegatividad aumenta durante un período

La opción correcta es a. Incremento

Razón

El número de electrones de valencia aumenta durante un período, por lo

que aumentar la tendencia del átomo a lograr la estructura de octeto

estable requiriendo atraer (cada vez menos a medida que avanzamos por

el período desde la izquierda a la derecha) compartieron electrones

cuando se forman enlaces, lo que  aumenta electronegatividad

2. El orden de electronegatividad creciente es Li → Ca → C → Se

Razón

La electronegatividad aumenta a lo largo del período y disminuye en el grupo.

Las ubicaciones de los elementos dados son;

Primero escribimos los elementos con los números de grupo más altos,

que son Se y C, después de lo cual tenemos Ca, luego Li, por lo tanto, en

orden creciente, obtenemos;

Li → Ca → C → Se

3. La opción correcta es d. N (nitrógeno)

Razón

El potencial de ionización representa la energía necesaria para eliminar un electrón de un átomo.

El potencial de ionización disminuye en un grupo y aumenta a lo largo de un período de izquierda a derecha.

Tenemos;

Por lo tanto, el elemento con mayor potencial de ionización es aquel que se encuentra en la posición más alta en el grupo 15 entre los elementos dados, que es el nitrógeno, N

4. La opción correcta para la definición de electronegatividad es la opción (a);

un. Es la tendencia relativa de un elemento a atraer electrones hacia sí mismo.

Razón

La electronegatividad es la capacidad relativa de un elemento dado para atraer electrones compartidos hacia sí mismo.

Por lo tanto, la opción correcta es a. es la tendencia relativa de un elemento a atraer electrones hacia sí mismo

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To determine the pKb1 of CO32-, we can use the relationship between pKa and pKb for conjugate acid-base pairs:

pKa + pKb = pKw

where pKw is the ionization constant of water, which is approximately 14. Therefore, we can rearrange the equation to solve for pKb:

The pKb value represents the negative logarithm of the equilibrium constant (Kb) for the reaction of a base with water. In this case, we are interested in the equilibrium reaction between CO32- and water, which can be represented as CO32- + H2O ⇌ HCO3- + OH-.

By utilizing the relationship pKa + pKb = pKw, we can rearrange the equation to solve for pKb. Given that pKa1 of H2CO3 is 6.35, we subtract this value from pKw (approximately 14) to obtain pKb1

pKb = pKw - pKa

pKb1 = 14 - 6.35 = 7.65

Since none of the given answer choices matches the calculated value, it seems there might be an error or omission in the available options. Please double-check the answer choices provided or refer to additional information to obtain the correct pKb1 value for CO32-.

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The first step is to calculate the number of coulombs of charge that pass through the circuit in 33.5 minutes at 8.70 A of current . mass of silver can be plated in the right answer is , m Ag = 3.07 g

To calculate the mass of silver plated, you can use Faraday's Law of Electrolysis. First, determine the charge passed through the circuit using the current and time given. Convert time to seconds: 33.5 minutes * 60 seconds/minute = 2010 seconds, Calculate charge (Q) using current (I) and time (t): Q = I * t = 8.70 A * 2010 s = 17487 Coulombs.

calculate the number of moles of electrons (n) using the charge and Faraday's constant F = 96485 C/mol, n = Q / F = 17487 C / 96485 C/mol ≈ 0.1812 mol of electrons .Since the reaction Ag⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Ag s indicates that 1 mole of electrons is required to plate 1 mole of silver, the number of moles of silver Ag is equal to the number of moles of electrons ,n Ag = 0.1812 mol Now, calculate the mass of silver using its molar mass M = 107.87 g/mol. Mass of Ag = n Ag * M Ag = 0.1812 mol * 107.87 g/mol ≈ 9.78 g.

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Answer: The molarity of the solution is 0.125 M

Explanation:

Molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of the solution.

\(Molarity=\frac{n}{V_s}\)

where,

n = moles of solute

\(V_s\) = volume of solution in L

moles of \(NaCl\) = \(\frac{\text {given mass}}{\text {Molar mass}}=\frac{14.6g}{58.5g/mol}=0.250mol\)

Now put all the given values in the formula of molality, we get

\(Molarity=\frac{0.250mol}{2.00L}=0.125M\)

Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 0.125 M

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation allows us to determine the relative concentrations of an acid and its conjugate base based on the pH of the solution and the pKa of the acid. At pH 6.4, the ratio is 0.1.

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is a mathematical relationship that relates the pH of a solution to the ratio of the concentration of an acid and its conjugate base. It is commonly used in chemistry and biochemistry to describe the acid-base equilibrium.

To determine the ratio of \([H-2PO_4-]\) to \([HPO_4^2-]\) at pH 6.4, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

\(pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])\)

In this case, \(H_2PO_4-\) is the acid (HA) and \(HPO_4^2-\) is its conjugate base (A-).

Given that the pKa of \(H_2PO_4-\) is 7.4, we can substitute the values into the equation:

\(6.4 = 7.4 + log([HPO_4^2-]/[H_2PO_4-])\)

Simplifying the equation:

\(-1 = log([HPO_4^2-]/[H_2PO_4-])\\[HPO_4^2-]/[H_2PO_4-] = 10^{(-1)} = 0.1\)

Therefore, at pH 6.4, the ratio is 0.1.

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Answer:

Spectroscopy — the study of the absorption and emission of light by atoms

Absorption spectrum — represents energy absorbed as dark bands

Atomic spectrum — represents energy emitted or absorbed

during electron jumps

Emission spectrum — represents energy emitted as colored lines

Explanation:

Spectroscopy is an analytical technique to study and analyze using spectrum. It has been the absorption and emission of other light by the atoms. The correct matches are A.1, B. 2, C.3, and D.4.

Spectroscopy is the technique used in chemistry where matter absorbs and emits radiations of a certain wavelength. The absorption spectrum is used to represent absorbed energy in the form of dark bands or lines. Thus, options A.1 and B.2 are correct.

The atomic spectrum is characterized by the black-colored bands that depict the energy absorbed and emitted by an excited atom during electron transitions. Whereas, the emission spectrum shows the colored lines that is the energy emitted when an electron transits from higher to lower energy levels. Thus, options C.3 and D.4 are correct.

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Answer:

U

Explanation:

UUUUUUUUUUUUUU

B is the answer ,ammonium accepts a proton and becomes ammonium ion

An element can have multiple isotopes. Isotopes correspond to variations of the same element with respect to the number of neutrons in its nucleus. the number they give us, 35 and 37 correspond to the mass number of chlorine. The percentage will be how abundant the element is.

To find the average atomic mass we must multiply the mass of the isotope by its respective percentage of abundance and add these two results.

So, the average atomic mass of Cl will be:

Answer: the average atomic mass of chlorine is 35.454 amu

The number of atoms of 3.0 moles of the particle is  1.807 x 10²⁴ atoms K.

Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.02 x 10^23 atoms per mole, is used to convert between the number of moles of a substance and the number of atoms (or molecules) in that substance.

Given that you have 3.0 moles of K (potassium), you can use Avogadro's number to calculate the number of atoms in 3.0 moles of K:

3.0 moles K x 6.02 x 10^23 atoms K/mole = 1.807 x 10²⁴ atoms K

So, the correct answer is 1.807 x 10²⁴ atoms K

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Answer:

Explanation:

its B 1mole

Answer:

-205.7kj

Explanation:

Now adding reaction 2 and twice of reaction 3 and reverse of reaction 1, we get the enthalpy of the reaction.

The expression for enthalpy for the following reaction will be,

where,

n = number of moles

Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get:

Therefore, the enthalpy of the following reaction is,  -205.7kj

The answer is that they were were not based on evidence and experiment and that made alchemy unscientific in its practices.

Alchemy is an old practice that might be thought of as a forerunner of chemistry.

The term alchemy is derived from the Arabic al-kimiyya, which is derived from Greek. Alchemy's fundamental notions focus around the transformation of one substance into another, often transforming a basic metal like lead or iron into a "noble" metal like silver or gold

The alchemist's main ambitions were to find the Stone of Knowledge, the medium of Eternal Youth and Health, and metal transmutation.

To conclude with we can say Alchemy is based on magic and occultism rather than true investigation and facts. Many of the items in it have been utilised as fundamentals for certain chemistry, although the vast majority of them are wrong and inaccurate.

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Answer:

the molecular motion increased. hope this helps

Explanation:

- Zombie

The conclusion that could they draw from this observation is that molecular motion increased. The correct option is D.

Motion is changing the position of an object when any force is applied to it. Motion means the object is moving. The motion of molecules means the molecules of an element are moving. This happens due to an increase in temperature.

Boiling is the term for the process of a liquid turning into a gas when heated to a constant temperature. The molecular motion is controlled by the kinetic energy of the molecules.

The kinetic energy of liquid molecules increases with heating. These molecules begin to move faster and farther apart. So the conclusion will be molecular motion.

Thus, the correct option is D. The molecular motion increased.

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Answer:

C. Ice cracking

Explanation:

The composition of the ice is still the same therefore, it is an example of a physical change.

Answer:

to protect astronauts from dieing from no air or presurre

Explanation:

From more reactive to least reactive carbonyl‑containing compounds :

3-methylpentanoyl chloride >benzoic anhydride   >   

butyl acetate> propionamide                                             

The carbonyl carbon should be more electron deficient to increase its reactivity for nucleophilic addition. The presence of R or Ar groups reduces this electron shortage. Less reactivity occurs when more of these groups are present.

The capacity of the electronegative leaving group to activate the carbonyl is connected to the relative reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives toward nucleophile replacements. The carbonyl loses electron density as a result of the additional electronegative leaving groups, which also increases the carbonyl's electrophilicity.

The reactivity order of carbonyl compounds from more reactive to least reactive  :

acyl halide, acid anhydride, aldehyde, ketone, ester, carboxylic acid, amide, carboxylate ion

Benzoyl chloride, acetaldehyde, butyl acetate, and acetic anhydride are more reactive than acid chlorides and anhydrides. Ketones and aldehydes have lower reactivity.

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The combustion of ethane is an exothermic reaction with a negative enthalpy change (-1560 kJ/mol C₂H6).

However, I can help you understand the energy changes associated with the combustion reaction of ethane.

In the given reaction:

C₂H6(g) + 3.5 O2(g) → 2 CO₂(g) + 3 H₂O(1)

The reactants on the left-hand side of the equation are ethane (C₂H6) and oxygen gas (O2), while the products on the right-hand side are carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O).

The combustion of ethane is an exothermic reaction, meaning it releases energy.

The negative value of AH (-1560 kJ/mol C₂H6) indicates that energy is released during the reaction.

This negative value represents the heat of combustion per mole of ethane.

An energy profile diagram typically shows the energy levels of the reactants and products, as well as the activation energy and the change in energy (enthalpy) for the reaction.

Without a visual representation, it is not possible to directly choose the correct energy profile.

However, in an exothermic reaction like combustion, the energy profile diagram would generally show the reactants at a higher energy level than the products.

The overall change in energy (enthalpy) would be negative, indicating a release of energy.

If you have a specific question or need further clarification about the energy changes in the combustion of ethane, feel free to ask.

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