Marvin is playing a solitaire game with marbles. There are n bowls (for some positive integer n), and initially each bowl contains one marble. Each turn, Marvin may eitherremove a marble from a bowl, orchoose a bowl A with at least one marble and a different bowl B with at least as many marbles as bowl A, and move one marble from bowl A to bowl B.The game ends when there are no marbles left, but Marvin wants to make it last as long as possible.Prove that the game must end after at most n(n+1)/2 turns.Prove that for every positive integer k, there is an n such that Marvin can make the n-bowl game last for at least kn turns.Marisa comes along and asks to join the game. Marvin and Marisa revise the rules: they will alternate taking turns, starting with Marisa. When the game ends, whoever took the last turn is the winner.Prove that among any three consecutive values of n, there is at least one value for which Marvin has a winning strategy.

Answers

Answer 1

Among any three consecutive values of n, there is at least one value for which Marvin has a winning strategy.

For the first part of the problem, we can prove that the game must end after at most n(n+1)/2 turns by induction. Base case: When there is only one bowl, Marvin can remove the single marble in one turn, so the game ends after one turn.

Inductive step: Suppose the game ends after at most k(k+1)/2 turns when there are k bowls. We will show that the game ends after at most (k+1)(k+2)/2 turns when there are k+1 bowls. If Marvin removes a marble from a bowl, then the number of bowls decreases by one and the game must end after at most k(k+1)/2 turns by the inductive hypothesis.

If Marvin moves a marble from bowl A to bowl B, where bowl A has at least one marble and bowl B has at least as many marbles as bowl A, then the number of marbles in bowl A decreases by one and the number of marbles in bowl B increases by one. Since bowl B has at least as many marbles as bowl A, the number of bowls remains unchanged. Thus, the game must still end after at most k(k+1)/2 turns.

In either case, the game ends after at most k(k+1)/2 turns, so the game must end after at most (k+1)(k+2)/2 turns when there are k+1 bowls, as desired.

For the second part of the problem, we can prove that for every positive integer k, there is an n such that Marvin can make the n-bowl game last for at least kn turns by constructing a strategy.

Suppose Marvin wants to make the n-bowl game last for at least kn turns. He can do this by making sure that there are always at least k marbles in each bowl. To do this, Marvin can start by placing k marbles in the first bowl, k-1 marbles in the second bowl, and so on, down to 1 marble in the nth bowl.

On each turn, Marvin can choose a bowl with at least k marbles and move one marble to a bowl with fewer than k marbles. For example, if there are k+1 marbles in the first bowl and k marbles in the second bowl, Marvin can move one marble from the first bowl to the second bowl. This keeps the number of marbles in each bowl at least k. Since Marvin can take at least one turn per bowl, the game will last for at least kn turns.

For the third part of the problem, we can prove that among any three consecutive values of n, there is at least one value for which Marvin has a winning strategy.

Let n be a positive integer. We will show that either Marvin has a winning strategy for the n-bowl game or Marisa has a winning strategy for the (n+1)-bowl game.

If Marvin has a winning strategy for the n-bowl game, then he can win the n-bowl game by following his winning strategy.

If Marvin does not have a winning strategy for the n-bowl game, then Marisa has a winning strategy for the n-bowl game. In this case, Marvin can adopt Marisa's winning strategy for the n-bowl game as his own winning strategy for the (n+1)-bowl game.

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Related Questions

Suppose a survey of 979 business owners found that more than ought . which part of the survey represents the descriptive branch of statistics? make an inference based on the results of the survey.

Answers

Women make up 64% of the sample and are typically the household's main investment.

There is a correlation between American women and being the main provider in their home.

What is Descriptive Statistics?

Descriptive statistics, also known as brief informative coefficients, are used to summarize a specific data collection, which may be a sample of a population or a representation of the entire population. Descriptive statistics include measures of variability and central tendency (spread). Measures of central tendency include the mean, median, and mode, whereas measures of variability include the standard deviation, variance, minimum and maximum variables, kurtosis, and skewness.

For instance, the sum of the following data set is 20: (2, 3, 4, 5, 6). A 4 (20/5) is the mean. A data set's mode is the number that appears most frequently, while its median is the value that is in the middle of the range of values. It is the value that separates a data set's higher values from lower values. There are many less common ways to use descriptive statistics, but they are nevertheless essential.

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The correct question is - Suppose a survey of 580 women in the United States found that more than 64​% are the primary investor in their household. Which part of the survey represents the descriptive branch of​ statistics? Make an inference based on the results of the survey.

Twelve friends shovel snow from
8 identical driveways. If they
share the work evenly, what
part of a driveway does each
friend shovel?

Answers

Answer:

Each friend shovels 1/12 of 8 driveways, or 8/12 driveways = 2/3 of a driveway.

the length of a rectangle is four times as long as it's width. the perimeter of the rectangle is 50cm. find it's length​

Answers

Step-by-step explanation:

let the width be x and length be 4x , as it is 4 times more than width

given,

perimeter = 50 cm

we know,

perimeter = 2l + 2b/w

so,

2l + 2b = 50

after inserting the values we got,

2(4x) + 2(x) = 50

8x + 2x = 50

10x = 50

x = 50/10 = 5

x = 5

therefore, length = 4x = 4×5 = 20 cm

hope this answer helps you dear....take care and may u have a great day ahead!

If a triangle has lengths of 3ft and 54ft, what are all the possible lengths for the third side?
51ft
53ft
55ft
57ft
58ft

Answers

Answer:

53, 55

Step-by-step explanation:

by the triangular inequality theorem, in a triangle.. sum of two sides is always greater than the third side.

3+54=57  ... exclude 57 and 58

3+51=54   ... exclude 51

How can you compare and order rational and irrational number

Answers

Answer:

In the given numbers, one of them is rational while other one is irrational. To make the comparison, first make the given irrational number into rational number and then carry out the comparison. So, square both the given numbers.

answer

To compare rational and irrational numbers, you must first find rational approximations of the irrational numbers. You can approximate irrational numbers using perfect squares or by rounding.

how can i solve 8+3(2x-7)=11x

Answers

Answer:

x = -13/5

Step-by-step explanation:

8+3(2x-7) = 11x

8 + 6x - 21 = 11x
     8 - 21   = 11x - 6x
     -13        = 5x
      -13/5    = x

What is the area of this parallelogram?

What is the area of this parallelogram?

Answers

Answer:

88 m²

Step-by-step explanation:

Add the two bottom lengths to get

11 m

Multiply it with the height which is 8 m

11 m·8 m

88 m²

solve for x and set up proportion

solve for x and set up proportion

Answers

The value of x from the given right triangle is 10 units.

Consider triangle ABC and triangle BDC.

Here, ∠ABC=∠BDC=90°

∠BCD=∠BCA (Reflexive angle)

By AA similarity ΔABC is similar to ΔBDC

We know that, when two triangles are similar their corresponding sides will be in ratio.

Now, x/20 = 5/x

x²=100

x=√100

x=10 units

Therefore, the value of x from the given right triangle is 10 units.

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solve for x and set up proportion

The measure of angle 1 is 62 degrees. Find the measure of angle 2.

Answers

Answer:

124

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

if it equals 180 degrees total then 118 but if it equals 90 degrees total then 28

Step-by-step explanation:

7. The coach has $250 to spend on volleyball equipment.
She buys 4 volleyball nets for $28 each. Volleyballs cost $7 each.
How many volleyballs can she buy? Explain how you solve.
Use one or more equations and bar diagrams in your explanation
Tell what your variables represent. 4.AR.1.1.4.AR ??

Answers

The amount of volleyballs that the coach can buy is given as follows:

19 volleyballs.

How to obtain the amount of volleyballs that she can buy?

The total spending can be modeled by a linear function in slope-intercept format, as follows:

y = mx + b.

The coefficients of the linear function are given as follows:

m is the slope, representing the cost per ball.b is the intercept, representing the extra costs, along with the ball.

She buys 4 volleyball nets for $28 each, hence the intercept is given as follows:

b = 4 x 28 = 112.

Volleyballs cost $7 each, hence the slope is given as follows:

m = 7.

Then the cost function is defined as follows:

C(x) = 7x + 112.

The coach has $250 to spend on volleyball equipment, hence:

C(x) = 250.

Thus the amount of volleyballs that can be purchased is obtained as follows:

7x + 112 = 250

7x = 138

x = 138/7

x = 19.7.

The amount is rounded down, as there would not be enough money remaining for the 20th ball.

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A caterer charges $110 to cater a party for 10 people and $220 for 20 people. Assume the cost, y, is a linear function of the number of x people. Write an equation in slope-intercept form for this function. What does the slope represent? How much would a party for 60 people cost?

Answers

Answer:

a) y = 11x

b) y = $660

Step-by-step explanation:

a) For 10 people is $110, so simply divide.

110/10 = $11 per person.

y = 11x

b) So using that, substitute 60 for x.

y = 11(60)

y = $660

Answer the question and help a brother out

Answer the question and help a brother out

Answers

Answer:

25

Step-by-step explanation:

first add the degrees: 50+30+25=105, then 180-105 is 75, 75=3s, s is 25

(im not sure completely im only in 7th grade)

Write an equation of the graph shown in terms of cosine:

Write an equation of the graph shown in terms of cosine:

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

A squiggly line can refer to a variety of different shapes or patterns. To create an equation using cosine that resembles a squiggly line, you can use a combination of sine and cosine functions with different frequencies and amplitudes. Here's an example equation that produces a squiggly pattern:

y = A * cos(B * x) + C * sin(D * x)

In this equation, A, B, C, and D are constants that you can adjust to modify the shape and characteristics of the squiggly line. By experimenting with different values for these constants, you can create various squiggly patterns. Keep in mind that the specific equation may vary depending on the exact shape and features you have in mind for the squiggly line.

if the probability of detective bolt is 0.1, find the mean and the standard deviation for the number of defective bolts in a total of 400 bolts.

Answers

The mean and standard deviation for the number of defective bolts in a total of 400 bolts is 40 and 6.32 (approx), respectively.

The mean and standard deviation for the number of defective bolts in a total of 400 bolts if the probability of defective bolt is 0.1 can be calculated using Poisson distribution.

Poisson distribution is used to predict the number of events that occur over a specified interval of time when the probability of an event occurring is known.

The formula for calculating the mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) is given as follows:
μ = λσ = √λ
Where λ = np, where n is the number of trials and p is the probability of success.

Here, the probability of a defective bolt is 0.1. So the probability of a non-defective bolt is 0.9. The total number of bolts is 400, so the expected number of defective bolts can be calculated as follows:
μ = λ = np = 400 x 0.1 = 40

The mean number of defective bolts is 40. The standard deviation can be calculated as follows:
σ = √λ = √40 = 6.32 (approx)

The standard deviation is 6.32 (approx).

Therefore, the mean and standard deviation is 40 and 6.32 (approx), respectively.

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Dialation by a factor of 5/6

Answers

Answer:

i dnt know what you are asking for but if it is area it will be the area times 5/6

Step-by-step explanation:

25/30 it is a factor from 5 or find common numbers that go together

Please answer the 2 question in photo [ Brainliest + points ]

Please answer the 2 question in photo [ Brainliest + points ]

Answers

Answer:

second is obtuse angle .

Step-by-step explanation:

5. 160°

6. 120°

[im not sure what they're asking for but if its degree then this is the answer]

There are 120 wooden roller coasters in operation.This value represents 15% of all the roller coasters.How many roller coasters are there?HELPPPPPP MEEEEEE also PLEASEE include an explanation

Answers

Answer:

800 roller coasters

Step-by-step explanation:

120/x = 15/100

120/x=15 x 8/100 x8

120/x = 120/800

x=800

There 52 balls in a box: 16 red, 16, blue, 16 yellow, and 4 that are either black or white. What is the least number of balls you must take out of the box (Without looking) to be sure that amount them there are 8 balls of the same color?

Answers

Answer:  26

==============================================================

Explanation:

Let's say your first selection was red. If you have really good luck, you'll pick 7 more red and the answer would be 8. However, we need to consider the opposite side of the spectrum. We need to consider the worst possible scenario and having the worst luck ever. In this scenario, we don't match colors until the very last possible moment. If you pick red first, then you cannot pick red again until you've picked blue, yellow and black/white.

There are a few ways to consider the worst case scenario. One way is to form a table as shown below. See the attached image. Each row represents the colors "red, blue, yellow, black/white" in that exact order. This could be one way to select the items. For this row, we haven't selected a repeat color. Red is selected first. Each row repeats itself, although the black/white gets exhausted after 4 rows.

By the 7th row, we have 7 red, 7 blue and 7 yellow. We don't need a full 8th row to reach our goal. We can stop once we reach the highlighted cell I marked in the table. That cell represents picking the 8th red. You could replace that highlighted cell with "blue" or "yellow" and still achieve the goal because you'd get 8 of that color. I'm just picking on red since it's the first one listed.

If you count out the items, you should count out 33 total. Ignore the stuff after the highlighted cell in row 8.

We have a 7 by 3 rectangle that has 7*3 = 21 items. Then the highlighted cell bumps the count up to 21+1 = 22. Finally, the four black/white items are counted as well to get to 22+4 = 26 as the final answer

We need to make 26 selections to guarantee that we selected 8 of the same color. Again, this is because we're considering a scenario in which we get the worst luck ever and don't make any color matches until the last possible moment.

There 52 balls in a box: 16 red, 16, blue, 16 yellow, and 4 that are either black or white. What is the

Saif is building a rectangular pen for his dog. the dimensions are 15 units long and 7 units wide. saif is building a second pen that is 75% the length of the original and 125% the width of the original. write an equation to determine the length of the second pen. what is the length of the second pen? . .

Answers

The length of the second pen is 11.25 units.

What is a Rectangle ?

A rectangle is a polygon with four sides , the opposite sides are parallel and equal .

it is given in the question that

Saif is building a rectangular pen for his dog. the dimensions are 15 units long and 7 units wide

length new = 75% length initial

Length new = (75/100) * 15

Length new = 0.75 * 15

Length new = 11.25 units

The length of the second pen is 11.25 units.

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if we compute a 95onfidence interval 12.65 ≤ μ ≤ 25.65 , then we can conclude that.

Answers

Based on the computed 95% confidence interval, we can conclude that we are 95% confident that the true population mean falls within the range of 12.65 to 25.65.

A confidence interval is a range of values that provides an estimate of the true population parameter. In this case, we are interested in estimating the population mean (μ). The 95% confidence interval, as mentioned, is given as 12.65 ≤ μ ≤ 25.65.

Interpreting this confidence interval, we can say that if we were to repeat the sampling process many times and construct 95% confidence intervals from each sample, approximately 95% of those intervals would contain the true population mean.

The confidence level chosen, 95%, represents the probability that the interval captures the true population mean. It is a measure of the confidence or certainty we have in the estimation. However, it does not guarantee that a specific interval from a particular sample contains the true population mean.

Therefore, based on the computed 95% confidence interval, we can conclude that we are 95% confident that the true population mean falls within the range of 12.65 to 25.65.

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8.
Find the number of real number solutions for the equation. x2 + 5x + 7 = 0

A. 2
B. cannot be determined
C. 0
D. 1

Answers

The answer is A because its guadratic formula

The solve by substitution calculator allows to find the solution to a system of two or three equations in both a point form and an equation form .of the answer.true or false

Answers

Given statement is True.

A system of equations can be represented in different forms, such as point form (showing the x and y values that make the equations true) or equation form (showing the equations in standard form, with variables on one side and constants on the other). A solve by substitution calculator can be used to find the solution to a system of two or three equations in both point form and equation form of the answer.

The process of solving a system of equations by substitution involves isolating a variable in one equation and then substituting it into the other equation(s) to find the values of the other variable(s). The calculator can display the solution in point form by showing the values of x and y (or x, y, and z for a system of three equations) that make the equations true. It can also display the solution in equation form by showing the equations with the variable(s) replaced by the values found in the solution.

In conclusion, solve by substitution calculator can find the solution to a system of two or three equations in both point form and equation form of the answer, it can be a helpful tool for solving systems of equations.

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Write an inequality of the form Ax + B ≤ C to represent the word problem using your answers for A, B, and C. Solve the inequality and show your work.
a=8
b=10
c=60

Answers

b the answer is b bc c and a are wrong and it wouldn’t be correct

Can someone please help me with fill in the blanks I really need your help :( :( :( :(

Can someone please help me with fill in the blanks I really need your help :( :( :( :(

Answers

Answers:

1. 2

2. 17

3. 16

4. 4

5. 2

6. 8

7. 18

8. 10

Answer:

1. 2

2. 17

3. 16

4. 4

5. 2

6. 8

7. 18

8. 10

Step-by-step explanation:

in a nonequivalent control group interrupted time series design, the independent variable is studied as:

Answers

In a nonequivalent control group interrupted time series design, the independent variable is studied as a factor that influences the dependent variable, while accounting for potential confounding factors. The design involves two groups: the treatment group, which receives the intervention or manipulation of the independent variable, and the nonequivalent control group, which does not receive the intervention.

The control group serves as a comparison for assessing the impact of the independent variable on the treatment group. By comparing the outcomes of both groups over a series of time points before and after the intervention, researchers can analyze the effect of the independent variable while minimizing the influence of extraneous factors.

This design is particularly useful when random assignment of participants to the treatment and control groups is not feasible, as it helps to control for potential threats to internal validity. By using an interrupted time series approach, the researcher can better understand the patterns of change in the dependent variable and establish a causal relationship between the independent variable and the observed outcomes.

In summary, in a nonequivalent control group interrupted time series design, the independent variable is studied as a factor that affects the dependent variable, while using a control group to account for potential confounding factors and enhance the validity of the findings.

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If p is true and q is false, the p q is ____ true

always
sometimes
never

Answers

Answer: always

Step-by-step explanation: I think not too sure

Answer:

Never.

Step-by-step explanation:

I've answered this question from my assignments before.

3: If  p is true, q is false,  

then p --> q  

is never true.

The result of the logical statement is false. So, it will never be true.

Suppose you enter a casino with D dollars. You decide to play a game where you flip a fair coin, and if it is heads you gain 1 dollar, and if its tails you lose 1 dollar. Suppose you also decide in advance that if you at any point have R dollars in total, then you are sufficiently rich and will leave the casino. You also will be forced to leave if you ever have zero dollars in total.

a. Show that it is impossible for the game to continue indefinitely, or in other words that the probability you never reach R or zero dollars is zero.

b. What is the probability that you leave rich? (Hint: for both parts, try using conditional probabilities, and note that if you start with D = R or D = 0 dollars, then the game is immediately over.)

Answers

The probability of never reaching the target amount R or zero dollars in the casino game is zero. To leave the casino rich, the probability depends on the initial amount D. It can be calculated using conditional probabilities and a recursive formula.

In the first part, to show that the game cannot continue indefinitely, we observe that the expected value of each coin flip is zero. Therefore, it is impossible to accumulate enough wealth (reach R dollars) or go bankrupt (reach zero dollars) in an infinite number of flips. This implies that the probability of never reaching R or zero dollars is zero.

In the second part, we consider the probability of leaving the casino rich. We define P(D) as the probability of leaving rich given D dollars. If the starting amount is equal to the target amount R or zero, the game is immediately over, resulting in a probability of 1. For other cases, we use a recursive formula that considers the probabilities of gaining or losing 1 dollar at each flip. By solving this recursive equation for each value of D starting from R, we can determine the probability of leaving the casino rich.

The probability of leaving the casino rich is influenced by the initial amount D and the dynamics of the game. The specific calculation for the probability would require applying the recursive formula and evaluating the conditional probabilities for each step until reaching the boundary case of D = 0.

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Question 20 An employee at a store is going to display 9 scented candles in a row on a shelf. He will put one of the candles, Ocean Breeze, in the first spot. He will put another of the candles, Apple Pie, in the second spot. In how many ways can he arrange the candles?

Answers

There are 40,320 ways to arrange the candles after considering the following patterns. We use combinations for this.

After placing the Ocean Breeze candle in the first spot, there are 8 remaining spots for the Apple Pie candle to go. After placing the Apple Pie candle in the second spot, there are 7 remaining spots for the other 7 candles.

Therefore, the total number of ways to arrange the 9 scented candles in a row is:

8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 40,320

So there are 40,320 ways to arrange the candles.

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how would you compute the minimum number of semesters it would take a student to take all of the courses?

Answers

The math equation for this example would be 12 courses divided by 4 courses = 3 semesters.

The formula for computing the minimum number of semesters it would take a student to take all of the courses is calculated by dividing the total number of courses by the number of courses that can be taken in a semester. For example, if a student needs to take 12 courses, and the maximum number of courses that can be taken in a semester is 4, then the minimum number of semesters it would take the student to take all of the courses is 3 semesters. The math equation for this example would be 12 courses divided by 4 courses = 3 semesters. In order to determine the exact number of semesters it would take a student to take all of the courses, the total number of courses must be divided by the number of courses that can be taken in a semester.

The formula for calculating the minimum number of semesters it would take a student to take all of the courses is Total Number of Courses divided by Number of Courses that can be taken in a semester. For example, if a student needs to take 12 courses, and the maximum number of courses that can be taken in a semester is 4, then the minimum number of semesters it would take the student to take all of the courses is 3 semesters. The math equation for this example would be 12 courses divided by 4 courses = 3 semesters.

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IF Triangle DEF JKL, find KL.

IF Triangle DEF JKL, find KL.

Answers

Answer:

b

Step-by-step explanation:

Since the triangles are similar then the ratios of corresponding sides are equal, that is

\(\frac{KL}{EF}\) = \(\frac{JK}{DE}\) , substitute values

\(\frac{6x+3}{x+11}\) = \(\frac{25}{10}\) ( cross- multiply )

10(6x + 3) = 25(x + 11) ← distribute parenthesis on both sides

60x + 30 = 25x + 275 ( subtract 25x from both sides )

35x + 30 = 275 ( subtract 30 from both sides )

35x = 245 ( divide both sides by 35 )

x = 7

Then

KL = 6x + 3 = 6(7) + 3 = 42 + 3 = 45 → b

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