laboratory question on determination of the empiric formula of an unknown salt

When the gas is reduced to a volume of 18.5 ml, the pressure is approximately 320 torr.

Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature.

According to Boyle's Law:

P₁ * V₁ = P₂ * V₂

Where:

P₁ is the initial pressure (215 torr),

V₁ is the initial volume (51.0 ml),

P₂ is the final pressure (unknown),

V₂ is the final volume (18.5 ml).

Let's plug in the given values and solve for P₂:

P₁ * V₁ = P₂ * V₂

215 torr * 51.0 ml = P₂ * 18.5 ml

Now, we can solve for P₂:

P₂ = (215 torr * 51.0 ml) / 18.5 ml

P₂ = 5915 torr / 18.5 ml

P₂ ≈ 320 torr

Therefore, when the gas is reduced to a volume of 18.5 ml, the pressure is approximately 320 torr.

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Using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2), the new pressure of the gas after the volume is reduced can be calculated as: P2 = (215 torr ×51.0 ml) / 18.5 ml.

The question is asking for us to determine the pressure of a gas when its volume is decreased, using the principle of Boyle's Law. Boyle's Law states that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship when the temperature is held constant. In formulaic terms, this is expressed as P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume.

In this case, our initial pressure P1 is 215 torr and our initial volume V1 is 51.0 ml. The volume is then reduced to 18.5 ml, which is our new volume V2. We're solving for the new pressure P2. Plugging into Boyle's law, we have: (215 torr ×51.0 ml) = P2 × 18.5 ml. Divide each side by 18.5 ml and solve for P2:

P2 = (215 torr× 51.0 ml) / 18.5 ml

Through the calculation, we will get the value of P2, which represents the new pressure of the gas after the volume is reduced.

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its d because it has to be diagnoly to the right

Answer:

I think C

happy birthday to your brother though

447.81830943999995. that's the mass

We learned in class that digitalis is from the foxglove plant and that it causes strong hallucinations. Digitalis is commonly used to treat heart conditions but can also be dangerous when taken in large amounts.

On the other hand, peyote is a cactus that contains the hallucinogenic compound mescaline. It has been traditionally used in Native American religious ceremonies. Turmeric is a spice commonly used in Indian cuisine that has anti-inflammatory properties. Taxol, derived from the Pacific yew tree, is used in chemotherapy to treat cancer. Saffron is a spice derived from the crocus flower and has been studied for its potential anti-depressant effects. CBD, derived from the hemp plant, is a non-psychoactive compound that has been studied for its potential therapeutic uses.
It seems you are discussing the properties of different plants. Digitalis, derived from the foxglove plant, is known for its medicinal properties in treating heart conditions. On the other hand, peyote, a type of cactus, contains psychoactive compounds that cause strong hallucinations. Taxol is a chemotherapy drug extracted from the yew tree, while turmeric and saffron are popular spices with numerous health benefits. Lastly, CBD is a non-psychoactive compound found in cannabis, often used for its therapeutic effects.

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Answer:

The densest ocean water is formed in two primary locations near the poles, where the water is very cold and highly saline as a result of ice formation. The densest deep water mass is formed in the Weddell Sea of Antarctica, and becomes the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW).

Explanation:

The densest ocean water is formed in two primary locations near the poles, where the water is very cold and highly saline as a result of ice formation. The densest deep water mass is formed in the Weddell Sea of Antarctica, and becomes the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW).

Density is an intensive property as it does not depend on the quantity of the substances Whereas mass and volume are extensive property. Therefore, north Atlantic Ocean is the region of Atlantic Oceans where dense waters will likely sink.

Density tells about the compactness of the substances, how much dense is the substances in other words. Object that is more denser than water they just sink in the water.

Mathematically,

Density = Mass of the metal ball ÷volume marked on the graduated cylinder

North Atlantic Ocean is the region of Atlantic Oceans where dense waters will likely sink. Here, water is very cold and salty which makes the water denser.

Therefore, north Atlantic Ocean is the region of Atlantic Oceans where dense waters will likely sink.

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Answer:

Polypropylene, also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer propylene. Polypropylene belongs to the group of polyolefins and is partially crystalline and non-polar.

Explanation:

Answer:

The answers are B and D.

Explanation:

This is because neutralisation process that contain sodium, potassium and ammonium will produce salt and water.

Answer:

benefits: can help reduce waste in land fills, and promotes reusability (turned into different products)

drawbacks: can be much more expensive to salvage than to just throw it in a landfill, and most of the time products cannot be recycled effectively due to its material.

The concentration of KCIO3 at 74 °C is also 2.72 M. Substituting the value of [KClO3] in the expression of Ksp; Ksp = [K⁺][ClO₃⁻]= (2.72 M)²= 7.41 M². Thus, the Ksp of KC103 at 74 °C is 7.41 M².

The given data for the solution of KCIO3 is; Molar mass of KCIO3 = 122.5 g/mol. Mass of KCIO3 = 4.00 g. Volume of water = 12 mL = 0.012 L. Temp of solution at start (T1) = 85 °C. Temp at which solid appears (T2) = 74 °C. We have to find the Ksp of KCIO3 at 74 °C. Ksp expression of KCIO3 is; Ksp = [K⁺][ClO₃⁻]At T1; Initial moles of KCIO3;mol = mass / molar mass= 4.00 g / 122.5 g/mol= 0.0326 mol.

Total volume of solution; V = 0.012 L, Initial concentration of KCIO3; [KClO3] = mol / V= 0.0326 mol / 0.012 L= 2.72 M. At T2, we have a saturated solution. Therefore, the concentration of KCIO3 remains constant even after cooling. We can assume that the solid appears due to the precipitation of KCIO3. Thus, we can say that the solubility of KCIO3 at 74 °C is equal to its concentration;[KClO3] = solubility of KCIO3. The volume of the solution remains constant. Thus, the molar solubility of KCIO3 is given by; mol solubility = mass of KCIO3 / molar mass of KCIO3= 0.0326 mol / 0.012 L= 2.72 M.

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Answer:

emprical weight=ch2o

=12*12*1*1*16 =30

Molecular mass=n*emprical weight

60=n*30

N=60/30=2

Molecular formula=n*emprical formula=2*30

=60

C2h4o2

Hope this helps :)

Hello, Miko here to help!

Answer: Often times it is possible due to previous data. Trends appear and you can make deductions from such trends. Reactions may not happen at all. There may be deviations from the trends as well. The deviations may be for unknown reasons or there may be unproven theories that are included in textbooks. Inorganic chemistry reactions are not as clear-cut as organic chemistry reactions. You don't have to memorize all the reactions. Know the trends, conduct the experiment, and if your prediction fails, try to think hard about the conditions in which the experiment took place. Sometimes the explanation may lay in the container that you used for the reaction, or it may be stoichiometry.

As in all sciences, you need experiments.

Explanation: I hope this helps have a great day!

The magnitude of the electron's average velocity in meters per second varies depending on the situation, but can be calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time it takes to travel that distance.

The magnitude of the electron's average velocity in meters per second depends on various factors, such as the material it is moving through and the strength of the electric field. However, in general, the average velocity of electrons in a conductor is typically around 1 mm/s to 1 cm/s.
It is important to note that the average velocity of electrons is different from their drift velocity, which is the velocity they have in a particular direction due to the electric field. The average velocity takes into account the random motion of electrons in all directions.
To calculate the magnitude of the electron's average velocity, we need to know the distance it travels and the time it takes to travel that distance. For example, if an electron travels a distance of 1 meter in 1 second, its magnitude of average velocity would be 1 meter per second.

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If Aldebaran were to explode tonight, it implies that we would see the explosion in 65 years.

In astronomy, a light-year is a system of measurement that shows the unit of length equivalent to the distance that light travels in one year in a vacuum or approximately 5.88 trillion miles. The distance traveled by light in one year is measured in light-years.

However, if the star Aldebaran is the eye of the bull to the constellation Taurus(the bull) and it is about 65 light-years away,  it implies that we would see the explosion in 65 years.

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Answer:

B. 2 electrons are removed from the atom

Explanation:

The charge of an ion of calcium (Ca) is +2, which means that the calcium atom has lost 2 electrons.

Therefore, the correct answer is B. 2 electrons are removed from the atom.

Answer:

a) Na2S

b) AlF3

c) O2

d) C6H12O6

Explanation:

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The volume of the 0.320 M Mg(NO₃)₂ solution containing 45.0 g of Mg(NO₃)₂ is 1.40 L.

Calculate the molar mass of Mg(NO₃)₂:

Mg = 24.31 g/mol, N = 2 x 14.01 g/mol, O = 6 x 16.00 g/mol. Total = 148.31 g/mol.

Convert 45.0 g of Mg(NO₃)₂ to moles:

45.0 g / 148.31 g/mol = 0.303 moles.

Use the formula M = moles / volume (in L) to solve for volume:

0.320 M = 0.303 moles / volume

Rearranging the equation gives

volume = 0.303 moles / 0.320 M = 0.947 L.

Convert the volume from step 3 to liters:

0.947 L = 1.40 L (rounded to two significant figures).

Therefore, the volume of the 0.320 M Mg(NO₃)₂ solution containing 45.0 g of Mg(NO₃)₂ is 1.40 L.

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Evaporation is the process by which a liquid converts into a gas or vapor at a temperature below its boiling point. Latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat required to convert a solid into a liquid without any change in temperature.  Steam causes more severe burning as compared to boiling water at 100°C due to the large amount of latent heat of vaporization.

On the other hand, boiling is the process by which a liquid turns into a gas or vapor at a temperature equal to or above its boiling point. In other words, when the liquid is heated to a temperature equal to or greater than its boiling point, it turns into a gas or vapor. The effect of humidity on the rate of evaporation is that if the air around the liquid is already humid, then the rate of evaporation will be slower because the air is already saturated with water molecules.
Latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat required to convert a solid into a liquid without any change in temperature. In other words, it is the amount of heat required to break the intermolecular forces between the molecules of a solid to convert it into a liquid.
Steam causes more severe burning as compared to boiling water at 100°C because steam contains a large amount of latent heat of vaporization. When steam comes in contact with the skin, it releases a large amount of latent heat of vaporization, which causes more severe burns as compared to boiling water at 100°C.

Evaporation is the process of turning a liquid into a gas or vapor at a temperature below its boiling point. Boiling, on the other hand, is the process of turning a liquid into a gas or vapor at a temperature equal to or above its boiling point. Humidity affects the rate of evaporation. Latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat required to convert a solid into a liquid. Steam causes more severe burning as compared to boiling water at 100°C due to the large amount of latent heat of vaporization.

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liquid..................

Answer:

Polymerization

Explanation:

Polymerization is the process by which molecules of small organic compounds combine repeatedly, in a regular manner, to form a complex organic compound. These small organic repeated units are called monomers, while the complex product formed are referred to as polymer.

In this reaction,

nC₂H₄ + -(C₂H₄-)n is the combination of smaller units of C₂H₄(ethene) to form larger units of (C₂H₄)n (polyethene).

Polyethene is formed due to addition polymerization which is the process where ethene break their double bonds to form links, so that the empirical formula of both are the same. This occurs in a chain reaction and the process is known as polymerization.

The empirical formula is \(C_8H_{15}N_2O_4\) when an unknown organic compound was analyzed.

To find the empirical formula, we need to determine the ratio of atoms in the compound.
First, let's calculate the moles of nitrogen gas collected:
0.238 g x (1 mol \(N_2\) / 28 g ) = 0.0085 mol
Next, we need to find the moles of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the sample.
Molar mass of \(C_8H_{15}NO_4\) = (12 x 8) + (1 x 15) + (14 x 1) + (16 x 4) = 225 g/mol
Moles of sample = 1.23 g / 225 g/mol = 0.00547 mol
Moles of carbon = 8 x 0.00547 = 0.0438 mol
Moles of hydrogen = 15 x 0.00547 = 0.0821 mol
Moles of oxygen = 4 x 0.00547 = 0.0219 mol
Now, we need to find the ratio of atoms by dividing the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles:
Carbon: 0.0438 mol / 0.00547 mol = 8
Hydrogen: 0.0821 mol / 0.00547 mol = 15
Nitrogen: 0.0085 mol / 0.00547 mol = 1.55 (round to 2)
Oxygen: 0.0219 mol / 0.00547 mol = 4

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Answer:

The answer is

Explanation:

The percentage error of the density can be found by using the formula

\(Percentage \: \: error(\%) = \frac{error}{actual \: \: number} \times 100 \\ \)

From the question

actual density = 1.59 g/cm³

error = 1.68 - 1.59 = 0.09

The percentage error is

\(P(\%) = \frac{0.09}{1.59} \times 100\% \\ = 5.66037735...\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

The final temperature of the gas sample will be approximately 123.76 °C. To find the final temperature of the gas sample, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the initial and final states of a gas sample under constant pressure.

The combined gas law is given by:

(P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2

Where:

P1 = Initial pressure

V1 = Initial volume

T1 = Initial temperature

P2 = Final pressure

V2 = Final volume

T2 = Final temperature

Let's plug in the given values:

P1 = 0.514 atm

V1 = 518 ml

T1 = 236 °C + 273.15 (converting to Kelvin) = 509.15 K

P2 = 0.514 atm

V2 = 388 ml

Now, we solve for T2:

(0.514 * 518) / 509.15 = (0.514 * 388) / T2

Simplifying the equation:

(0.514 * 518 * T2) = (0.514 * 388 * 509.15)

Dividing both sides by (0.514 * 518):

T2 = (0.514 * 388 * 509.15) / (0.514 * 518)

T2 ≈ 396.91 K

Converting the temperature back to Celsius:

T2 ≈ 396.91 - 273.15 ≈ 123.76 °C

Therefore, the final temperature of the gas sample will be approximately 123.76 °C.

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Answer:

\(\boxed {\boxed {\sf 0.541 \ mol \ Na_2CO_3}}\)

Explanation:

We are asked to find how many moles of sodium carbonate are in 57.3 grams of the substance.

Carbonate is CO₃ and has an oxidation number of -2. Sodium is Na and has an oxidation number of +1. There must be 2 moles of sodium so the charge of the sodium balances the charge of the carbonate. The formula is Na₂CO₃.

We will convert grams to moles using the molar mass or the mass of 1 mole of a substance. They are found on the Periodic Table as the atomic masses, but the units are grams per mole instead of atomic mass units. Look up the molar masses of the individual elements.

Remember the formula contains subscripts. There are multiple moles of some elements in 1 mole of the compound. We multiply the element's molar mass by the subscript after it, then add everything together.

We will convert using dimensional analysis. Set up a ratio using the molar mass.

\(\frac {105.9875386 \ g \ Na_2CO_3}{1 \ mol \ Na_2CO_3}\)

We are converting 57.3 grams to moles, so we multiply by this value.

\(57.3 \ g \ Na_2CO_3} *\frac {105.9875386 \ g \ Na_2CO_3}{1 \ mol \ Na_2CO_3}\)

Flip the ratio so the units of grams of sodium carbonate cancel.

\(57.3 \ g \ Na_2CO_3} *\frac {1 \ mol \ Na_2CO_3}{105.9875386 \ g \ Na_2CO_3}\)

\(57.3 } *\frac {1 \ mol \ Na_2CO_3}{105.9875386 }\)

\(\frac {57.3 }{105.9875386 } \ mol \ Na_2CO_3\)

\(0.5406295944 \ mol \ Na_2CO_3\)

The original measurement of moles has 3 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we found that is the thousandth place. The 6 in the ten-thousandth place to the right tells us to round the 0 up to a 1.

\(0.541 \ mol \ Na_2CO_3\)

There are approximately 0.541 moles of sodium carbonate in 57.3 grams.

The final gas volume, O, could be either larger or smaller than 2.96 L, depending on the final pressure and temperature. While heating the gas to a higher temperature, O could be larger than 2.96 L, but it could also be smaller.

The final gas volume, O, could be either larger or smaller than 2.96 L, depending on the final pressure and temperature. To understand why, we can look at the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT. In this equation, P represents pressure, V represents volume, n represents the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T represents temperature.

Let's analyze the situation given in the question. We have a sample of xenon gas at a temperature of 306 K and a pressure of 0.847 atm, occupying a volume of 2.96 L. Now, if the pressure of the gas is decreased, while at the same time it is heated to a higher temperature, the final gas volume, O, could be either larger or smaller than 2.96 L.

If we decrease the pressure while keeping the temperature constant, according to Boyle's law, the volume of the gas will increase. So, in this case, O would be larger than 2.96 L. However, if we simultaneously increase the temperature while decreasing the pressure, the situation becomes more complex. The combined effect of the pressure decrease and temperature increase could lead to different outcomes for the final volume.

For example, if the pressure decrease is significant and the temperature increase is relatively small, the volume may still increase, resulting in O being larger than 2.96 L. On the other hand, if the pressure decrease is small and the temperature increase is significant, the volume may actually decrease, resulting in O being smaller than 2.96 L.

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Valence bond theory predicts that xenon will use sp3d2 hybrid orbitals in IF4- (minus one charge).

In valence bond theory, atoms form chemical bonds by overlapping their atomic orbitals. Hybridization occurs when atomic orbitals mix together to form a new set of hybrid orbitals with different shapes and energies. These hybrid orbitals allow for the formation of stronger and more stable bonds.

Xenon is an element in the noble gas group, which typically does not form bonds. However, in IF4- (minus one charge), xenon does participate in bonding.

To determine the hybridization of xenon in IF4-, we need to consider the number of electron pairs and lone pairs around the xenon atom. In IF4-, there are four fluorine atoms bonded to the central xenon atom, resulting in four electron pairs. Additionally, there is one lone pair on the xenon atom.

The total number of electron pairs (bonded pairs + lone pairs) is therefore five.

To accommodate these electron pairs, xenon undergoes sp3d2 hybridization. This means that one 2s, three 2p, and two 5d orbitals of xenon mix to form five new hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals are arranged in an octahedral shape around the xenon atom, with the four fluorine atoms and one lone pair occupying the five hybrid orbitals.

This hybridization allows xenon to effectively bond with the fluorine atoms in IF4- and maintain a stable structure.

In summary, valence bond theory predicts that xenon will use sp3d2 hybrid orbitals in IF4- (minus one charge). These hybrid orbitals accommodate the five electron pairs around the xenon atom, allowing for the formation of stable bonds with the fluorine atoms.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

bacteria and virus do not have nucleas. so C

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If you write the formula, MgOH₂ for the compound magnesium hydroxide then it would be wrong because magnesium has +2 charge and hydroxide have -1 charge

Magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)₂ is a white powder produced in large quantities from seawater by the addition of milk of lime it is the primary raw material in the production of magnesium metal and has been used as a fire additive

Here given formula is MgOH₂

Where Mg²⁺ and OH⁻ so MgOH₂ has 2 hydroxide molecules and one magnesium

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The process through which a reactant loses electrons during a chemical reaction is known as oxidation. Reduction refers to the process through which a reactant acquires electrons during a reaction.

Such a thing typically happens if an acid reacts with a metal. Oxidation describes the process through which a reactant loses electrons during a chemical reaction.

Adding oxygen or any electronegative element, or taking away hydrogen or any electropositive one, is what is meant by the term "oxidation" in Classical and earlier concepts. Adding hydrogen or another electropositive element, or getting rid of oxygen or another electronegative one, is what reduction is all about, according to the classical or older idea.

An example of oxidation is C + O₂→ CO₂

An example of reduction is N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH3

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