J. J. Thompson discovered the first subatomic particle, ________, by deflecting a


"cathode ray" beam with an electric field. Robert Millikan later determined that


particle's charge in his "oil drop" experiments.


A) the proton


B) the nucleus


C) the neutron


D) the electron

Among the given weak bases, aniline is the weakest electrolyte in an aqueous solution.What is an electrolyte?An electrolyte is a substance that conducts electricity in an aqueous solution or in a molten state.

In water, they break up into ions and conduct electricity. Electrolytes may be categorized into two types: strong and weak electrolytes. Strong electrolytes dissociate completely into ions in aqueous solution, whereas weak electrolytes only partially dissociate into ions and exist in equilibrium with undissociated molecules. In the given weak bases, aniline is the weakest electrolyte.

Here's how to solve the problem: Aniline has a Kp of 4.0 × 10-10, which is the smallest value of Kp among all the given weak bases. Therefore, aniline is the weakest electrolyte in an aqueous solution.

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One of the most popular names for this grape variety is "Mission grape".

Yes, a grape variety introduced in Chile by European Catholic missionaries is known by a variety of names. One of the most popular names for this grape variety is "Mission grape", which is believed to have originated from the Catholic missionaries who brought the grape to Chile. However, the grape variety is also known by other names such as Pais, Criolla Chica, Listan Prieto, and many others depending on the region and the local dialects. Despite the different names, this grape variety remains an important part of Chile's viticulture history and is still widely cultivated in the country today.

A grape variety introduced in Chile by European Catholic missionaries is known as the "País" grape, also referred to as "Mission" grape or "Criolla Chica." This grape variety was brought to Chile by Catholic missionaries in the 16th century to produce wine for religious ceremonies.

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The grape variety introduced in Chile by European Catholic missionaries is known by a variety of names, but it is most commonly referred to as the "Mission grape."

European Catholic refers to the Catholic Church in Europe, which has a long and complex history. The Catholic Church was the dominant religious institution in Europe during the medieval period, with its influence extending into political and cultural spheres. Throughout the centuries, the Church played a significant role in shaping the continent's religious, social, and political landscape.

The Church's teachings, doctrines, and traditions were transmitted through the continent's various societies and cultures, and many of Europe's greatest art, music, and architecture have been inspired by the Catholic faith. The Catholic Church has also been involved in significant political events in European history, such as the Crusades, the Reformation, and the Counter-Reformation. Today, the Catholic Church remains a significant presence in Europe, with over 200 million Catholics living on the continent. It continues to be an essential institution in shaping European culture and values.

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Answer:

The researcher should measure the difference in the amount of product at the end of the reaction.

Explanation:

Enzymes are defined as the protiens that are responsible for increasing the rate of reaction.

With the increase in temperature, the enzyme activity increases and so the rate of reaction increases. It means at lower temperature the rate of reaction decreases and the amount of product also decreases.

So, to determine the effectiveness of an enzyme at various temperatures, the difference in the amount of the product at the end of reaction should be measured.

Hence, the correct answer is "D".

Answer:

it's-B.....................

Heat is the amount of energy transferred between objects due to temperature differences. It results in a transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object. In this case, when Dave is boiling water on the stove, the pot gets warmer when placed against a hot burner, and steam rises from the pot.

The hot burner transfers heat to the pot through conduction, as the molecules in the burner collide with the molecules in the pot, transferring thermal energy. This leads to an increase in the temperature of the pot.

Simultaneously, the heat from the burner causes the water molecules in the pot to gain energy and increase in temperature. As the water reaches its boiling point, the added heat energy allows the water molecules to overcome intermolecular forces and transform into a gas phase, forming steam. The rising steam is a visible indication of the phase change from liquid to gas.

Therefore, Dave is observing the transfer of heat from the hot burner to the pot through conduction, resulting in an increase in the pot's temperature and the formation of steam as water undergoes a phase change.

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Answer:

B. melting of ice caps

Explanation:

Answer:

Correct answer-C 5.3g

Explanation:

Molarity = no. of moles of solute/ volume of of solution in litre

olarity = no. of moles of solute/ volume of of solution in litreno of moles of solute = 0.125×0.25=0.03125

olarity = no. of moles of solute/ volume of of solution in litreno of moles of solute = 0.125×0.25=0.03125one mole AgNO3 weighs 169.87 gm,

olarity = no. of moles of solute/ volume of of solution in litreno of moles of solute = 0.125×0.25=0.03125one mole AgNO3 weighs 169.87 gm,so the mass of 0.03125 moles of AgNO3 = 0.03125×169.87= 5.3084g

The grams of AgNO₃ are needed to prepare 0.125 M solution in 250 mL of water is 5.3 grams.

Moles is a unit which is used to define any amount and it is calculated as:

n = W/M, where

W = required mass

M = molar mass

Given molarity of AgNO₃ = 0.125 M

Volume of water = 250mL = 0.25L

moles (n) from the molarity (M) will be calculated as:

n = M × V

n = (0.125)(0.25) = 0.0312 moles

Now we calculate the mass of AgNO₃ by using the above formula as:

W = (0.0312mol)(169.87g/mol)

W = 5.30 g

Hence option (c) is correct.

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N2 + 3 H2 = 2 NH3

Reaction type: synthesis

Answer:

it destroy the surrounding area

Answer:

Convention currents are found in the asthenosphere part present in the mantle of the Earth.

Explanation:

The Mantle is the middle layer of the earth surface extending up to 2900 kilometers.

Beneath the Mantle lies the core which contains molten rocks and materials called magma.

The materials are highly radioactive and immensely heated. These highly hot condition creates pressure on the middle layer (Mantle).

As a result, large convention currents are generated excessively

a. NH3 (Ammonia): In a 1.0L container of NH3 at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding would be exerted.

b) 1.0L container of CHCl3 at STP, dipole-dipole interactions (along with London dispersion forces) would be present.

a. NH3 (Ammonia):

In a 1.0L container of NH3 at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding would be exerted. Ammonia (NH3) molecules consist of one nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, forming a trigonal pyramidal shape.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of intermolecular force that occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom (in this case, nitrogen) and interacts with another electronegative atom (in this case, the nitrogen atom of a neighboring NH3 molecule).

b. CHCl3 (Chloroform):

In a 1.0L container of CHCl3 (chloroform) at STP, intermolecular forces such as dipole-dipole interactions would be exerted. Chloroform (CHCl3) molecules consist of one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one chlorine atom, forming a tetrahedral shape.

Dipole-dipole interactions arise due to the difference in electronegativity between chlorine and hydrogen atoms. The chlorine atom is more electronegative than hydrogen, resulting in a polar covalent bond.

While dipole-dipole interactions are present in CHCl3, it is worth noting that CHCl3 also exhibits London dispersion forces. These forces occur due to temporary fluctuations in electron distribution, creating temporary dipoles.

London dispersion forces are the weakest type of intermolecular force but still contribute to the overall intermolecular interactions in CHCl3.

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The formation of tropospheric ozone in photochemical smog involves a series of chemical reactions primarily driven by sunlight.

Here is a simplified representation of the reactions:
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) reacts with sunlight (UV radiation) to produce Nitric Oxide (NO) and an Oxygen atom (O).
NO2 + UV radiation → NO + O
Nitric Oxide (NO) reacts with Oxygen molecules (O2) to form Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) again.
NO + O2 → NO2
The Oxygen atom (O) produced in reaction 1 reacts with an Oxygen molecule (O2) to form Ozone (O3)
.O + O2 → O3Ozone (O3) can react with Nitric Oxide (NO) to form Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Oxygen (O2).
O3 + NO → NO2 + O2
These reactions are part of a complex set of photochemical reactions involving various pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and sunlight. The primary precursors for tropospheric ozone formation in photochemical smog are Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The reactions outlined above represent a simplified version of the process and do not capture the full complexity of atmospheric chemistry involved in the formation of tropospheric ozone.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Examples of Precipitation:

Rain

Drizzle

Ice Pellets

Hail

Snow

Ice Crystal

the mass defect of Li-7 is -0.035279 u and the nuclear binding energy per nucleon is 5.60553 × 10⁻¹² J/nuclide.

Given data:

Atomic mass of Li-7, A = 7.016003

The atomic mass of Li-7 is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in it. Therefore, the number of neutrons in Li-7 is:

Neutrons = Atomic mass - Protons= 7.016003 - 3= 4.016003The mass of 3 protons and 4.016003 neutrons in Li-7 is: Mass of protons + Mass of neutrons = (3 x 1.007276) + (4.016003 x 1.008665) = 3.021828 + 4.029454 = 7.051282 u

Therefore, the mass defect in Li-7 is:

Mass defect = Actual mass - Calculated mass

= Atomic mass - Mass of protons and neutrons

= 7.016003 - 7.051282

= -0.035279 u

Nuclear Binding Energy per nucleon (BE/A) can be calculated using the formula:

BE/A = [Δm.c² / A]

where Δm is the mass defect and c is the speed of light which is 2.998 × 10⁸ m/s.

Substituting the values in the above formula:

BE/A = [(-0.035279) × (2.998 × 10⁸)² / 7]= 5.60553 × 10⁻¹² J/nuclide

Therefore, the mass defect of Li-7 is -0.035279 u and the nuclear binding energy per nucleon is 5.60553 × 10⁻¹² J/nuclide.

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Answer:

kevin is right according to what i see

Explanation:

When a metal is heated the kinetic energy in the particles increases and hence the force of attraction decreases amongst the particles - as electrons try to escape due to kinetic energy. This causes the metal to expand.

(a) By using the formula \(K = 0.5 * m * v2\) to determine an object's kinetic energy, we can determine the electron's speed in the hydrogen atom's lowest energy state. This results in an effective current of \(3.52 x 10-13 A\) for this orbiting electron.

An electron's rate of motion through space is referred to as its speed. It is used to determine how fast something is moving and is normally stated in metres per second (m/s). A multitude of variables, including an electron's energy, mass, and exposure to electric and magnetic fields, can have a significant impact on how fast an electron moves. Electrons can move at rates that range from less than a metre per second to almost the speed of light in the setting of atomic and molecular physics. When free electrons are present in a substance, such as a metal, they can occasionally flow through it at extremely fast speeds, which increases the material's electrical conductivity.

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The concentration  of the solution can be obtained as  0.89 M.

We have to note that when we talk about the concentration, we are trying to refer to the amount of the solute that we can be able to find in the sample or the solution. In the case that we have here were are told that we are to find the concentration of solution containing 0.0490 mol of copper (II) sulfate dissolved in 54.76 mL of solution.

Now, we have to look at the number of moles and then the volume of the solution and then use it to obtain the molar concentration of the solution that is being sought after in the problem.

Number of moles = 0.0490 mol

Volume of the solution =  54.76 mL  or 0.05476 L

Concentration of the solution = Number of moles/volume

= 0.0490 mol/0.05476 L

= 0.89 M

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Answer:

I'm sorry, you didn't post the pictures.

The two ways in which the physical state of matter can be changed are melting and freezing.

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The molarity of the solution is 2.18 M

Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution and is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Its unit is mol/L or M.

To calculate the molarity of a solution, we need to divide the number of moles of solute (in this case, NaCl) by the volume of the solution in liters.

First, we need to convert volume from milliliters (mL) to liters (L);

1950 mL = 1950/1000 L = 1.95 L

Now we can calculate the molarity;

Molarity = moles of solute/volume of solution in liters

Molarity = 4.25 mol / 1.95 L

Molarity = 2.18 M

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Answer:

Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells; when you travel through a period (and hence from group to group), you add electrons and protons, and your element becomes less metallic. The periodic repetition of identical qualities as the atomic number increases is reflected in this arrangement.

Explanation:

Balanced chemical equation is the equation in which the number of atoms of each type in the reaction is the same on both sides i.e., reactant side and product side. In a balanced chemical reaction mass of both the sides of the reaction are equal.

1. MgO + HBr → MgBr₂ + H₂O

Balanced chemical reaction:

MgO + 2HBr → MgBr₂ + H₂O

2. N₂ + O₂ → N₂O₂

Balanced chemical reaction:

N₂ + O₂ → N₂O₂

3. C₂H₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Balanced chemical reaction:

C₂H₄ + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 2H₂O

4. Fe + HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

Balanced chemical reaction:

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

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Answer:

Approximately \(0.6003\; \rm mol\) formula units.

Explanation:

Look up the relative atomic mass data for \(\rm K\), \(\rm Cl\), and \(\rm O\) on a modern periodic table:

The relative atomic mass of an element is numerically equal to the mass (in grams) of one mole of its atoms. For example, the relative atomic mass of \(\rm K\) is \(39.908\). Therefore, the mass of one mole of \(\rm K\!\) atoms should be \(39.908\; \rm g\).

Each \(\rm KClO_3\) "formula" unit includes one \(\rm K\) atom, one \(\rm Cl\) atom, and three \(\rm O\) atoms. Therefore, one mole of \(\rm KClO_3\!\) formula units would include:

From the relative atomic mass of these three elements:

Combining these three parts should give the mass of one mole of \(\rm KClO_3\) formula units:

\(\begin{aligned}& M(\mathrm{KClO_3}) \\ &= 39.908 + 35.45 + 3 \times 15.999 \\ &= 122.545\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}\end{aligned}\).

The formula mass of \(\rm KClO_3\) is \(M(\mathrm{KClO_3}) = 122.545\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}\), meaning that the mass of one mole of \(\rm KClO_3\!\) formula units would be \(122.545\; \rm g\!\).

The mass of this \(\rm KClO_3\!\!\) sample is \(m(\mathrm{KClO_3}) = 73.56\; \rm g\). The number of moles of formula \(\rm KClO_3\!\) units in this sample would be:

\(\begin{aligned}n(\mathrm{KClO_3}) &= \frac{m(\mathrm{KClO_3})}{M(\mathrm{KClO_3})} \\ &= \frac{73.56\; \rm g}{122.545\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}} \approx 0.6003\; \rm mol\end{aligned}\).

To know the exact number of mole of potassium (K) in 73.56 g of potassium chlorate (v), KClO₃ do the following:

Determination of the number of mole in 73.56 g of potassium chlorate (v), KClO₃

Mass of KClO₃ = 73.56 g

Molar mass of KClO₃ = 39 + 35.5 + (16×3)

= 39 + 35.5 + 48

= 122.5 g/mol

\(Mole =\frac{mass}{molar mass}\\\\Mol KClO_{3} = \frac{73.56}{122.5}\)

Determination of the number of mole of potassium, K in 0.6 mole (i.e 73.56 g) of KClO₃

Considering the molecular formula of potassium chlorate (v), KClO₃, we can see that:

1 mole of KClO₃ contains 1 mole of K.

Therefore, 0.6 mole of KClO₃ will also contain 0.6 mole of K.

Therefore, we can conclude that 73.56 g of KClO₃ contains 0.6 mole of potassium, K.

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If water enters the condenser at 15 degrees Celsius, the temperature at which it leaves the condenser depends on the specific system and its operating conditions.

Without additional information, it is not possible to determine the exact temperature at which the water will leave the condenser.

The condenser is a component in various systems, such as power plants or refrigeration systems, where it is used to remove heat from a fluid, typically through a cooling process. The temperature at which water leaves the condenser depends on factors such as the design and efficiency of the condenser, the flow rate of the water, the temperature of the cooling medium, and other operating parameters.

Therefore, without specific information about the system and its operating conditions, it is not possible to provide an accurate answer regarding the temperature at which the water will leave the condenser.

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Decomposition - 5

Combustion - 3

Synthesis - 4

Double replacement - 1

Single replacement - 2

Decomposition reaction is the breaking down of one reactant into multiple substances/fragments/parts due to external sources of energy.

Combustion is the burning of any material and we know that burning is a reaction with oxygen.

Synthesis is the formation of one compound from multiple reactants i.e. one product.

A double replacement or double displacement reaction takes place like this: AB + CD --> AC + BD

In single displacement reactions, one element is substituted for another element in the final compound, i.e. A + CD --> AC + D

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Answer:

aluminum

no aluminum is left over

Explanation:

the next answers for step 7 are 0.019, 0.0093, aluminum

Answer:

Aluminum because no aluminum is left over

Explanation:

The LD50 (Lethal Dose 50) is a measure used in toxicology to determine the lethal dose of a substance that would cause death in 50% of the test population.

However, it is important to note that conducting experiments to determine the LD50 of a substance on humans is unethical and illegal. The LD50 values are typically determined through animal testing, usually on rodents such as rats or mice.To calculate the amount of a substance that would harm a person of a certain weight, various factors need to be considered, including the toxicity of the substance and the individual's weight. In toxicology, a commonly used measure is the oral median lethal dose (LD50) expressed as milligrams per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg).To estimate the harmful dose for an individual of a certain weight, you would need to know the LD50 value of the substance and apply it to the weight of the person. The calculation involves multiplying the LD50 value by the person's weight in kilograms. However, it is crucial to emphasize that estimating harmful doses for humans based on animal LD50 values alone can be inaccurate and potentially dangerous.

It is essential to consult professionals in toxicology or poison control centers to obtain accurate information regarding the toxicity of a substance and its potential effects on human health.

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Answer:

I believe the answer is A: shaken

Explanation:

The solute will dissolve quicker if the solute is more shaken.

A solute is a substance that can be dissolved by a solvent to create a solution. A solute can come in many forms. It can be gas, liquid, or solid.

The solvent, or substance that dissolves the solute, breaks the solute apart and distributes the solute molecules equally. This creates a homogenous mixture, or solution that is equal throughout.

Solutes in solution are measured by their concentration. The concentration of a solute is the amount of solute divided by the total volume of solution.

A solvent can dilute various amounts of solute, depending on how strong of a solvent is used and how easily the solute molecules come apart. This property of solutes to dissolve in a solvent is known as solubility.

Therefore, The solute will dissolve quicker if the solute is more shaken.

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