is the hydroxide ion a strong enough base to deproponate the termibal alkyne to any significant degree

Answers

Answer 1

The hydroxide ion (OH-) is a strong base and can deprotonate many weak acids, but terminal alkynes are an exception to this rule.

Terminal alkynes are relatively acidic because the C-H bond in the terminal position is more acidic than in other positions.

However, the pKa of the C-H bond in a terminal alkyne is still around 25, which is much lower than the pKa of water (15.7), but too high to be deprotonated by a strong base like OH- at neutral pH.

Therefore, a stronger base, such as a \(NaNH_{2}\) or a LDA, is required to deprotonate the terminal alkyne. In summary, OH- is not a strong enough base to deprotonate the terminal alkyne to any significant degree.

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Related Questions

where genre originated​

Answers

What is this mean ?

CAN SOMEONE SOLVE THIS PLEASE

CAN SOMEONE SOLVE THIS PLEASE

Answers

Answer:

I have written the answer below:

Explanation:

a. row 1- Mass of O2: 48g

b. row 2- Mass of O2: 192g

c. row 2- mass of Al2O3: 240g

d. row 3- Mass of Al: 270g

e. row 3- Mass of Al2O3: 510g

f. row 4- Mass of Al: 162g

g. row 4- Mass of O2: 144g

the part of a synapse to which the contents of synaptic vesicles bind is called the

Answers

The part of a synapse to which the contents of synaptic vesicles bind is called the "postsynaptic receptor".

The neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to specific receptor proteins on the postsynaptic neuron, located on the postsynaptic membrane of the synapse. The binding of the neurotransmitters to the receptor proteins triggers a response in the postsynaptic neuron, which can lead to the generation of an action potential and the transmission of the signal to the next neuron in the neural circuit.

The postsynaptic receptors are specific to different neurotransmitters, and the binding of a neurotransmitter to its corresponding receptor can have either an excitatory or inhibitory effect on the postsynaptic neuron, depending on the receptor type and the characteristics of the neurotransmitter. The postsynaptic receptors are an important component of neural communication, and their function is critical for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

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what is the concentration, in m/v percent, of a solution prepared from 50. g nacl and 2.5 l of water?

Answers

The concentration, in m/v percent, of a solution prepared from 50. g nacl and 2.5 l of water is 2 %.

The mass/volume percent is the ratio of a solution's total volume to the mass of the solute that makes up that solution. Since this type of concentration has been expressed as a percentage, the given proportion should be multiplied by 100.

The calculation if concentration is shown as:

It can be calculate as follows:

% NaCl = Mass of NaCl / Total mass × 100 %

% NaCl = 50 gram / 2500 × 100 %

%  NaCl = 2 %.

As a result, the solution made from 50 g of nacl and 2.5 l of water will have a 2% concentration.

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A clean, dry, and open empty flask is being heated in a water bath. Under which conditions before or after heating does the flask contain more gas molecules?

Answers

Before heating, the flask contains fewer gas molecules than after heating. When the flask is heated in the water bath, the temperature of the flask increases, causing the gas molecules inside to expand and take up more space.

The increased temperature also causes the gas molecules to move faster and collide more frequently, leading to an increase in pressure and the number of gas molecules in the flask.

As the temperature continues to rise, the air inside the flask becomes hotter and its pressure continues to increase.

At a certain point, the air inside the flask may reach a temperature that is high enough for some of the gas molecules to dissociate into individual atoms. This increases the number of particles in the flask, which leads to an even greater increase in pressure.

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How does the photon affect the color of the light produced?

Answers

The photons will have different wavelengths and frequencies, this makes photons of different energies produce different colors of light. As electrons move from a higher energy level to a lower energy level photons will be given off. And this is the process of emission.

What do you know about how krypton (Kr) behaves in real life just by looking at where it is on the periodic table? List at least 3 physical or chemical properties.

Answers

Answer:

.

Explanation:

a rare gas of Group 18 (noble gases) of the periodic table, which forms relatively few chemical compounds. About three times heavier than air, krypton is colourless, odourless, tasteless, and monatomic. Although traces are present in meteorites and minerals, krypton is more plentiful in Earth’s atmosphere, which contains 1.14 parts per million by volume of krypton.

How is a hypothesis tested ?


PLEASE PLEASE ANSWER ILL MARK AS BRAINLIESTT!!!!

Answers

Answer:

hypothesis testing is usually used to assess the plausibility of a hypothesis by using sample data

Explanation:

a hypothesis is tested through the use of a scientific experiment. if the findings support the hypothesis then it was supported and the data points towards this conclusion; if the findings don’t support the hypothesis the data does not point towards the conclusion.

hope this helps :) (please mark brainliest!)

Question 4 of 10
Which two gases are trace gases in the atmosphere?
O A. Nitrogen
I B. Neon
O C. Oxygen
D. Methane

Answers

Answer:

Neon and Methane

Explanation:

Nitrogen and Oxygen made up way over half of the atmosphere so it's without a doubt, not those two. Precisely, Nitrogen makes up 78% of the atmosphere while oxygen makes up 21%

Answer: neon and methane

an equal number of moles of nacl and cacl2 are dissolved in equal volumes of water. which solution has the lower a. freezing point? b. vapor pressure? c. boiling point?

Answers

When an equal number of moles of NaCl and CaCl2 are dissolved in equal volumes of water, the solution with CaCl2 will have a lower freezing point, lower vapor pressure, and a higher boiling point. This is because CaCl2 dissociates into three ions (1 Ca²⁺ and 2 Cl⁻) while NaCl dissociates into only two ions (1 Na⁺ and 1 Cl⁻). The presence of more ions in the CaCl2 solution leads to greater colligative property effects, including lowered freezing point and vapor pressure, and increased boiling point.

a. The solution with NaCl will have a lower freezing point. This is because NaCl is a non-electrolyte, which means it does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. On the other hand, CaCl2 is an electrolyte, which means it dissociates into three ions when dissolved in water (one Ca2+ ion and two Cl- ions). This results in more particles in solution, which lowers the freezing point.
b. The solution with NaCl will have a higher vapor pressure. This is because NaCl is a non-volatile solute, meaning it does not evaporate easily. On the other hand, CaCl2 is a volatile solute, meaning it evaporates more easily. This results in a lower vapor pressure for the solution with CaCl2.
c. The solution with NaCl will have a higher boiling point. This is because NaCl is a non-electrolyte, which means it does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. On the other hand, CaCl2 is an electrolyte, which means it dissociates into three ions when dissolved in water (one Ca2+ ion and two Cl- ions). This results in more particles in solution, which raises the boiling point.

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The figure shows a tank with two immiscrble liquid is andar. The vacuum gauges hown indicates a reading of 17.17KPo Determire a) Absolut pressure at point [ b) Relative pressure atpoint F, with respect to the ain in the tank; that is, if said air were the environrent of the instrument of measurerest Patm =77.17[kpa​]g=81​ g=9.81[m(s2] Environmental temperatice: 20[∘C] δ=0.68δ=0.8​

Answers

a) The absolute pressure at point B cannot be determined based on the given information.

b) The relative pressure at point F, with respect to the air in the tank, is also indeterminable with the provided information.

a) The absolute pressure at point B cannot be determined because the information about the liquid levels or the densities of the liquids in the tank is not provided.

The absolute pressure depends on the height of the liquid column and the density of the liquid, which are missing from the given data. Without this information, it is not possible to calculate the absolute pressure at point B.

b) The relative pressure at point F, with respect to the air in the tank, is also indeterminable. To calculate the relative pressure, we need to know the absolute pressure at point F and subtract the atmospheric pressure.

However, the absolute pressure at point F is not given, so we cannot determine the relative pressure. Additionally, the value of atmospheric pressure (Patm) provided is not relevant to calculating the relative pressure at point F.

In order to determine the absolute pressure at point B or the relative pressure at point F, we would need additional information such as the liquid levels in the tank, the densities of the liquids, and possibly the atmospheric pressure at point F.

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You plan to use the water displacement method to
determine if a ring is pure silver. Each of these tools Is
required, EXCEPT
A balance
A stopwatch
A measuring cup filled with water
A density of elements chart

Answers

Answer: A stopwatch

Explanation:

You don’t needed

A student requires all of them except a balance. The correct option is A.

What is the water displacement method?

Students calculate the volume of various rods that have the same mass using the water displacement method. Each rod's density is calculated, and the distinctive densities of each material are used to distinguish the five rods.

Then, to explain why various rods have varied densities, students think about the connection between the mass, size, and arrangement of atoms. The periodic table will be briefly introduced to the class.

The volume displacement method is often used to determine the volume of an object with an irregular shape. This technique involves submerging an object into a known amount of water; as a result, the water level will rise.

Therefore, A student requires all of them except a balance. The correct option is A.

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Which of these is NOT a science and engineering practice?

asking questions


opinion and factless ideas


analyzing and interpreting data


obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information

Answers

Opinion and  and factless ideas  are not science and engineering practice as these are based on observations.

What are observations?

Observations are defined as a set of statements or facts which are recorded while conducting an experiment.Observations are made through sensing changes in the variables of the experiment.

It is specifically defined as an act of knowing or recording the changes in the variables of the experiment.Recording observations holds importance as recording observations avoid the experiment to be repeated over and over again.

It is important to note down observations so that the testing of hypothesis is made easier.There are four types of observations .Observations need to be descriptive and must be written in complete sentences and should include all the numerical data of the experiment.

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a 50.0- ml volume of 0.15 m hbr is titrated with 0.25 m koh . calculate the ph after the addition of 15.0 ml of koh .

Answers

The pH of the solution after the addition of 15.0 ml of KOH is 1.28.

In the given problem, we have been provided with the volume of HBr (hydrogen bromide) solution and its concentration.

We have been also provided with the concentration and volume of KOH (potassium hydroxide) solution.

We need to calculate the pH of the solution after the addition of 15.0 ml of KOH.

Let’s begin the calculation process-

1. Write down the balanced chemical equation of HBr and KOH-

HBr + KOH → KBr + H2O

2. To Calculate the number of moles of HBr-

We know that, Number of moles = Concentration x VolumeNumber of moles of HBr = 0.15 x 50/1000= 0.0075 moles of HBr

3. To Calculate the number of moles of KOH-

Number of moles of KOH = Concentration x VolumeNumber of moles of KOH = 0.25 x 15/1000= 0.00375 moles of KOH

4. To Calculate the number of moles of HBr left after the reaction-

Number of moles of HBr left = Number of moles of HBr – Number of moles of KOHNumber of moles of HBr left = 0.0075 - 0.00375= 0.00375 moles of HBr

5. To Calculate the concentration of HBr-

Concentration of HBr = Number of moles / VolumeConcentration of HBr = 0.00375 / 50/1000= 0.075 M

6. To Calculate the concentration of OH-

Number of moles of KOH = Concentration x Volume

Number of moles of KOH = 0.25 x 15/1000= 0.00375 moles of KOH

Concentration of KOH = Number of moles / Volume

Concentration of KOH = 0.00375 / 65/1000= 0.0577 M

Concentration of OH- = Concentration of KOH= 0.0577 M

7. To Calculate the concentration of H+

Using the formula of pH = -log[H+], we can get

[H+] = 10-pHLet pH = x[H+] = 10-x

From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 1 mole of HBr will give 1 mole of H+ and 1 mole of KOH will give 1 mole of OH-.

As the moles of KOH is less than the moles of HBr, KOH is the limiting reagent.

Now, using the formula of neutralization reaction, we can write-Volume of HBr x Concentration of HBr = Volume of KOH x Concentration of KOH50/1000 x 0.075 = 15/1000 x 0.0577Volume of HBr = 0.06 L

Now, H+ ion concentration can be calculated as-H+ ion concentration = KOH concentration – HBr concentration= 0.0577 – (0.075 x 0.015 / 0.06)= 0.0519 M

8. To Calculate pH of the solution-

We know that, pH = -log[H+]= -log(0.0519)= 1.28

Hence, the pH of the solution after the addition of 15.0 ml of KOH is 1.28.

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The tabulated data were collected for this reaction:
CH3Cl(g) + 3Cl2(g) → CCl4(g) + 3HCl(g)
[CH3Cl] (M) [Cl2] (M) Initial Rate (M/s)
0.050 0.050 0.014
0.100 0.050 0.029
0.100 0.100 0.041
0.200 0.200 0.115

Answers

The rate law is for this reaction is   r= k [CH₃Cl][Cl₂]⁻⁰⁵ M s⁻¹

where the rate constant is k = 1.25 and the overall order of the reaction is 1.5.

An equation that connects the rate of a chemical reaction to the concentrations of the reactants is known as the rate law.

The reaction's rate law is as follows:

r = k [CH₃Cl]ᵃ [Cl₂]ᵇ

where,

r is the initial rate.

k is the rate constant.

a is the reaction order for CH₃Cl.

b is the reaction order for Cl₂.

If we write the ratio r₂/r₁, we get:

r₂/r₁ = k [CH₃Cl]₂ᵃ [Cl₂]₂ᵇ / k [CH₃Cl]₁ᵃ [Cl₂]₁ᵇ

r₂/r₁ = {[CH₃Cl]₂/ [CH₃Cl]₁}ᵃ

(0.029 M/s)/(0.014 M/s) = {0.100M/0.050 M}ᵃ

a ≈ 1

If we write the ratio r₃/r₂, we get:

r₃/r₂ = k [CH₃Cl]₃ᵃ [Cl₂]₃ᵇ / k [CH₃Cl]₂ᵃ [Cl₂]₂ᵇ

r₃/r₂ = {[Cl₂]₃/[Cl₂]₂}ᵇ

(0.041 M/s)/(0.029 M/s) = {0.100 M/0.050 M}ᵇ

b ≈ 0.5

So far, the rate law is:

 r= k[CH₃Cl][Cl₂]⁰⁵

your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was

The tabulated data were collected for this reaction:

CH3Cl(g) + 3Cl2(g) → CCl4(g) + 3HCl(g)

[CH3Cl] (M) [Cl2] (M) Initial Rate (M/s)

0.050 0.050 0.014

0.100 0.050 0.029

0.100 0.100 0.041

0.200 0.200 0.115

(a) Write an expression for the reaction rate law and calculate the value of the rate constant, k.

(b) What is the overall order of the reaction?

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how many grams of solid oxalic acid dihydrate are required to be dissolved in water to prepare 250.0 ml of 0.05000 m acid solution

Answers

Answer:

How many grandmother oxalic acid are required to prepare this, we have to need for the mass

Explanation:

Water with temporary hardness may be rich in:_____.
a. phosphate
b. bicarbonate
c. sulfate
d. nitrate

Answers

Water with temporary hardness may be rich in bicarbonate.

Hard water is formed by the addition of magnesium and calcium carbonates when it passes through limestone and chalk deposits.

There are two types of hardness of water; Temporary hardness and Permanent Hardness.

Temporary hardness can be caused by the presence of calcium and magnesium bicarbonates. It can be removed by boiling the water or lime softening.

Permanent Hardness is caused  due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of chlorides and sulphides. It can be removed by boiling the water. washing soda can be used to remove the hardness.

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Also need help with this question .. ik I’m asking a lot, I’m very confused

Also need help with this question .. ik Im asking a lot, Im very confused

Answers

Answer:

see the pic for the answer

Also need help with this question .. ik Im asking a lot, Im very confused

The thermal energy of 0.700 mol of a substance is increased by Part A 0.900 J. What is the temperature change if the system is a monatomic gas? Express your answer with the appropriate units.Part B What is the temperature change if the system is a diatomic gas? Express your answer with the appropriate units. Part C What is the temperature change if the system is a solid? Express your answer with the appropriate units.

Answers

A)  A 0.700 mol of a substance has a temperature change of 2.29 K if it is a monatomic gas.

B) The temperature change for a diatomic gas is 10.3 K.

C) The temperature change of a solid is 150 K.

The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one unit mass of that substance by one degree Celsius.

Specific heat capacity is represented by c in equations.

The first step is to use the specific heat capacity equation in order to determine the temperature change for a monatomic gas.

Part A:

Monatomic gases have a specific heat capacity of 3/2 R,

where R is the ideal gas constant.

Since there are 0.700 mol of a substance, its molar mass is required.

Let's assume that the molar mass is 50 g/mol, so the total mass of the substance is

0.700 mol × 50 g/mol

= 35 g.c

= 3/2 R

= (3/2) × 8.31 J/mol·K

= 12.5 J/mol·K

Q = mcΔTΔT

= Q / (mc)ΔT

= 0.900 J / (0.035 kg × 12.5 J/mol·K)ΔT

= 2.29 K

Thus, a 0.700 mol of a substance has a temperature change of 2.29 K if it is a monatomic gas.

Part B:

Diatomic gases have a specific heat capacity of 5/2 R, where R is the ideal gas constant.

Using the specific heat capacity equation, we may calculate the temperature change.

ΔT = Q / (mc)Q

     = mcΔTQ

     = 0.035 kg × (5/2 × 8.31 J/mol·K) × 150 KQ

     = 116.5 J

ΔT = Q / (mc)ΔT

     = 116.5 J / (0.035 kg × 5/2 × 8.31 J/mol·K)

ΔT = 10.3 K

The temperature change for a diatomic gas is 10.3 K.

Part C:

The formula for the temperature change of a solid is:

ΔT = Q / (mc)Q = mc

ΔTQ = 0.035 kg × 0.1 J/g·K × 150 K

Q = 0.525 J

ΔT = Q / (mc)

ΔT = 0.525 J / (0.035 kg × 0.1 J/g·K)

ΔT = 150 K

The temperature change of a solid is 150 K.

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If a sample contained 3.01 x 1023 atoms of tellurium, how many grams would this be A) 127.6 g B) 255.2 g C) 63.8 g D) 382.8 g

Answers

i believe it’s D,,,,, i’m sorry if not :(

If a sample contained 3.01 x 10²³ atoms of tellurium, that would be 63.8grams.

HOW TO CALCULATE MASS:The mass of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles in the substance by its molar mass.

However, the number of moles contained in 3.01 x 10²³ atoms of tellurium need to be calculated by dividing the value by Avogadro's number as follows:

no. of moles = 3.01 x 10²³ ÷ 6.02 × 10²³

no. of moles = 0.5mole

Mass of tellurium = 127.6g/mol × 0.5

Mass of Tellurium = 63.8grams.

Therefore, if a sample contained 3.01 x 10²³ atoms of tellurium, that would be 63.8grams.

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how does a allergy develop?


PLEASE HELP!

Answers

Allergies arise when a foreign material such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander responds to your immune system or a food that in most people does not cause a reaction. Substances known as antibodies are formed by your immune system.
how does a allergy develop?PLEASE HELP!

Answer: im not fully sure but from what i rememeber Allergies develop when your immune system mistakenly identifies a thing such as pollen, mold or food as harmful then your body reacts to it

Explanation:

If two identical atoms are bonded together, what kind of molecule is formed?
A. A bent, nonpolar molecule
B. A linear, polar molecule
C. A linear, nonpolar molecule
D. A linear, ionic molecule

Answers

Answer:

C. A linear, nonpolar molecule

Explanation:

Molecules which are alike usually have the same degree of pull which results in them sharing electrons. This sharing of electrons is known as the molecules exhibiting Covalent bonding between them.

The equal pull also results in the cancelling out of electrons and favoring non polar bonds due to the absence of free electrons which would have been able to interact with H2O in a polar binding system.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

APEX

WHAT IS THE CHEMICAL FORMULA FOR inorganic benzene​

Answers

Answer: B3N3H6

Explanation:

I am pretty sure the formula for benzene is B3N3H6. If I am wrong, I am sorry, I learned this a long time ago.

25. [0/3 Points] DETAILS
At a certain temperature, K = 9.1 x 104 for the following reaction.
FeSCN2+ (aq) Fe³+ (aq) + SCN (aq)
Calculate the concentrations of Fe³+, SCN, and FeSCN²+ in a solution that is initially 2.0 M FeSCN²+
[FeSCN²+]
[Fe³+]
[SCN]
Submit Answer
M
XM
XM
PREVIOUS ANSWERS ZUMCHEM6 13.AE.068.
26. [1/1 Points] DETAILS PREVIOUS ANSWERS
KT4 16.035.
The equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction
N₂04(9) = 2 NO₂(9)
at 25°C is 5.88 x 10³. Suppose 15.6 g of N₂O4 is placed in a 5.00 L flask at 25°C. Calculate:

Answers

Equilibrium concentration of  FeSCN²⁺  =  2, Equilibrium concentration of  Fe³⁺  =  0.0422 M, and equilibrium concentration of  SCN⁻  =  0.0422M  

According to the given reaction:

FeSCN⁺²(aq) →  Fe³⁺(aq) +   SCN⁻(aq)

According to the Reaction is carried in 1 L Vessel.

 intial:    2M                     0                   0

change:     -x                      +x               +

equilibrium:   2 -x                   +x              + x

   Kc   = (X)2    /  ( 2 - X )

  9.1 x10-4    =   X2  / (2 - X )

To solve  for  X we get :

    X  = 0.042

Equilibrium concentration of  FeSCN²⁺  =  2.

Equilibrium concentration of  Fe³⁺ =  0.0422 M

Equilibrium concentration of  SCN⁻   =  0.0422M  

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If the reaction above has 118.3g of CS2 and 3.12 Mol of NaOH determine the limiting reactant in the reaction??3CS2+6NaOH— >2Na2CS3+Na2CO3+3H2O
Answer ASAP pls

Answers

\(CS_2\)  is the limiting reactant in the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

3 \(CS_2\) + 6 \(NaOH\) → 2 \(Na_2CS_3\) + \(Na_2CS_3\) + 3 \(H_2O\)

To determine the limiting reactant, we need to calculate the amount of product that each reactant can produce and compare it to the actual amount of product that is formed.

First, we need to convert the mass of \(CS_2\) to moles:

118.3 g \(CS_2\) × (1 mol \(CS_2\) /76.14 g \(CS_2\)) = 1.555 mol \(CS_2\)

Next, we need to calculate the amount of product that can be formed from 1.555 mol of \(CS_2\). According to the balanced equation, 3 mol of \(CS_2\) will produce 2 mol of \(Na_2CS_3\). Therefore, 1.555 mol of \(CS_2\) will produce:

(2/3) × 1.555 mol = 1.037 mol \(Na_2CS_3\)

Now, let's calculate the amount of product that can be formed from 3.12 mol of \(NaOH\). According to the balanced equation, 6 mol of \(NaOH\) will produce 2 mol of \(Na_2CS_3\). Therefore, 3.12 mol of \(NaOH\) will produce:

(2/6) × 3.12 mol = 1.04 mol \(Na_2CS_3\)

Comparing the amount of product that can be formed from each reactant, we see that 1.037 mol of \(Na_2CS_3\) can be produced from the 1.555 mol of \(CS_2\), while 1.04 mol of \(Na_2CS_3\) can be produced from the 3.12 mol of \(NaOH\). Therefore, the limiting reactant in the reaction is \(CS_2\).

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A gas in a cylinder with a movable piston occupies 1.38 liters. The piston is moved and the gas now occupies 4.77 liters and exerts a pressure of 803 kPa. Assuming temperature is constant, what was the initial pressure (in atm) of the gas in the cylinder?

Answers

The initial pressure of the gas in the cylinder is 31.6 atm.

Gas law problem

Using the combined gas law:

\(P_1V_1/T_1 = P_2V_2/T_2\)

where:

\(P_1\) and \(V_1\) are the initial pressure and volume of the gas\(T_1\) and \(T_2\) are the initial and final temperature\(P_2\) and \(V_2\) are the final pressure and volume of the gas

Rearranging:

\(P_1 = (P_2V_2/T_2) * (T_1/V_1)\)

We are given that \(V_1\) = 1.38 L,  \(V_2\) = 4.77 L, \(P_2\) = 803 kPa, and \(T_1\) =  \(T_2\)

\(P_1\) = (803 kPa x 4.77 L / T) x (T / 1.38) / 101.325

\(P_1\)  = 31.6 atm

Therefore, the initial pressure of the gas in the cylinder was approximately 31.6 atm.

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At what temperature will 0.554 moles of helium gas occupy 11.30 liters at 1.95 atmospheres?

Also, what are the 4 gas laws, and what relationships do the represent?

Answers

Answer:

This is what we're given:

P (pressure), which is 1.95 atm

V(volume), which is 11.30 L.

n(number of moles), which is 0.554 moles of helium gas.

We have to find T, or temperature. To do this, we'll need to use the Ideal Gas Law, which is:

\(PV = nRT\)

Rearranging this equation to get temperature on one side, we get:\\ \(T =\frac{PV}{nR}\\ \\

Pressure \: is \: in \: atm \: and \\ volume \: is \: in \: L . \: This \: tells \\ \: us \: that \: we'll \: need \: to \: \\ use \: the \: value \: of \: 0.08206 L atm/K \: mol \: for \: R \: the \: ideal \: gas \: constant.\\ \\ Plugging in all of the values, we can solve for temperature:

\(T =\frac{PV}{nR}\\ \\

T = (1.95 atm × 12.30 L) ÷

(0.654 mol × 0.0820575LatmK−1)

mol

\(T =\frac{PV}{nR} \\ \\

T =

\frac{ (1.95 atm × 12.30 L)}{(0.654 mol × 0.0820575LatmK−1)} \)

\(T = 447 K \)

4 gas laws, and relationships do they represent

Boyle’s Law (PV law)

a. Volume of a GIVEN MASS OF GAS (mass is fixed) is inversely proportional to the Absolute pressure of the gas at constant Temperature.

b. Absolute pressure means pressure that is measured relative to Vacuum. Vacuum = 0 pressure. Thus, absolute pressure is measured relative to absolute 0.

c. Another way : PV = Constant. Thus, if you measure the Pressure and Volume at 3 different times, then P1 V1 = P2 V2 = P3 V3. In order to keep the product as a constant, whenever Pressure increases, the Volume will decrease.

Charle’s Law (VT Law)

a. Volume of a GIVEN MASS OF GAS (mass is fixed) is directly proportional to the Absolute Temperature at constant pressure.

b. When you measure the Temperature of a body on a scale in which 0 corresponds to Absolute 0, then the measured temperature is Absolute Temperature. Put simply, this refers to the Kelvin scale.

c. Absolute 0 is the temperature at which objects are at their lowest possible energy (Since Temperature is a measurement of the Kinetic energy of the atoms).

Gay Lussac Law (PT Law)

a. Pressure of a GIVEN AMOUNT OF MASS (mass is fixed) at constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute Temperature (that is, Kelvin Temperature).

b. Another way : P / T = Constant. P1 / T1 = P2 / T2 = P3 / T3.

Avogadro’s law (Vn law)

a. All the above laws were talking about relationships at fixed mass. So we needed a law which would relate mass with other quantities. This is Avogadro’s law.

b. It is a very straight forward law, if the amount of gas in a Container increases (that is, if the amount of matter increases), then the Volume of the gas increases which is very straight forward.

c. Volume is directly proportional to n (number of moles) or V/n = Constant.

Considering the Ideal Gas Law, at 485.05 °K 0.554 moles of helium gas will occupy 11.30 liters at 1.95 atmospheres.

On the other side, the 4 gas laws are Gay Lussac's law, Boyle's law, Charles' Law and Avogadro's law.

Ideal Gas Law

Ideal gases are a simplification of real gases that is done to study them more easily. It is considered to be formed by point particles, do not interact with each other and move randomly. It is also considered that the molecules of an ideal gas, in themselves, do not occupy any volume.

The pressure, P, the temperature, T, and the volume, V, of an ideal gas, are related by a simple formula called the ideal gas law:

P×V = n×R×T

where:

P is the gas pressure.V is the volume that occupies.T is its temperature.R is the ideal gas constant.  The universal constant of ideal gases R has the same value for all gaseous substances. n is the number of moles of the gas.

Temperature of helium

In this case, you know:

P= 1.95 atmV= 11.30 LT= ?R=0.082 \(\frac{atm L}{mol K}\)n= 0.554 moles

Replacing in the Ideal Gas Law:

1.95 atm×11.30 L = 0.554 moles× 0.082 \(\frac{atm L}{mol K}\)× T

Solving:

T= (1.95 atm×11.30 L) ÷ (0.554 moles× 0.082 \(\frac{atm L}{mol K}\))  

T= 485.05 K

Finally, at 485.05 °K 0.554 moles of helium gas will occupy 11.30 liters at 1.95 atmospheres.

Gay Lussac's law

Gay Lussac's law states that the pressure of the gas is directly proportional to its temperature: when there is a constant volume, as the temperature increases, the pressure of the gas increases. And when the temperature is decreased, gas pressure decreases.

Boyle's law

Boyle's law says that volume is inversely proportional to pressure: if pressure increases, volume decreases; while if the pressure decreases, the volume increases.

Charles' Law

Charles' Law that the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas: if the temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases; while if the temperature of the gas decreases, the volume decreases.

Avogadro's law

Avogadro's law states that the volume is directly proportional to the amount of gas: if the amount of gas increases, the volume will increase, while if the amount of gas decreases, the volume will decrease.

Summary

In summary, the 4 gas laws are Gay Lussac's law, Boyle's law, Charles' Law and Avogadro's law.

Learn more about the gas laws:

https://brainly.com/question/4147359

define chocolate and its characteristics.

Answers

Chocolate is a food product made from roasted and ground cacao pods, that is available as a liquid, solid or paste, on its own or as a flavouring agent in other foods. The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavour.

Chocolates are solid at ambient (20–25 °C) and melt at oral temperature (37 °C) during consumption giving a smooth suspension of particulate darkens in cocoa butter and milk fat (Beckett, 1999 and Whitefield, 2005).

After fermentation, the beans are cleaned, sorted, graded and then roasted. The bean shells become brittle and the colour of the beans darken. The process converts the flavour precursors within the bean into compounds such as aldehydes, esters, lactones, and pyrazine, which give chocolate its aroma and flavour.

This is like 40 points!! Pls help.

Every mid- December, stargazers are treated to a spectacular meteor shower known as the Geminids. Scientists consider Geminids as one of best and most reliable annual meteor showers The Geminids were first reported in the mid-1800s. It started with only 10 - 20 meteors per hour. Over the years, the Geminids have grown to become one of major showers of the year. During its peak, over 120 Geminid meteors can be seen per hour. They are bright and fast meteors and tend to be yellow in color.

How are meteors different from meteorites and meteoroids? Explain how meteor showers occur.

Answers

Answer:

When meteoroids enter Earth's atmosphere (or that of another planet, like Mars) at high speed and burn up, the fireballs or “shooting stars” are called meteors. When a meteoroid survives a trip through the atmosphere and hits the ground, it's called a meteorite.

Explanation:

Students are to imagine that they are leading a one-week expedition to the Moon’s South Pole. In the essay, students will need to describe to NASA what (and who) they would bring to help make their expedition a success.

Answers

Answer:

On Sept. 15, 2020, NASA, in partnership with Future Engineers, launched the Artemis Moon Pod Essay Contest. The contest, which is open to all (public, private, and home school) students in grades K-12, asks participants to imagine they are leading a one-week expedition to the Moon’s South Pole. In the essay, students will need to describe to NASA what (and who) they would bring to help make their expedition a success.

The Moon Pod Essay Contest is presented in support of NASA’s Artemis program. The student challenge is part of NASA’s efforts to engage the public in its missions to the Moon and Mars. NASA is returning to the Moon for scientific discovery, economic benefits, and inspiration for a new generation. Working with its partners throughout the Artemis program, the agency will fine-tune precision landing technologies and develop new mobility capabilities that allow robots and crew to travel greater distances and explore new regions of the Moon.

Explanation:

Answer:

I would bring some warm clothes to keep me warm through the night because South Pole is cold. I would also bring blankets and sticks to make a fire. I would bring my bestfriend to keep me company.

Explanation:

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