is active transport required to move molecules from high to low concentration or low to high concentration? why?
Answers
Moving chemicals from a low-concentration area to a high-concentration area is known as active transport. This process is "active," which implies it consumes energy (usually in the form of ATP).
What does high concentration mean in chemistry?Chemical solutions that contain a significant quantity of solute at high concentrations are referred to as concentrated. A solution is considered to be saturated if it has been concentrated towards the point that no more solute can dissolve in the solvent.
Greater concentration equates to more particles, right?Concentration: As the concentration rises, more particles will be present in a given volume. The likelihood of successful collisions increases as the number of particles increases. Greater response speeds imply increased collisional success.
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Related Questions
What is the density of a plastic ball that has a volume of 6cm) and a mass of 12g?
50 cm3
Answers
Answer:
2 g/cm³
Explanation:
(ANSWER THE FULL THING PLS OR I WILL REPORT, if you do answer it all, I will mark brainliest)
In a model experiment baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is combined with white vinegar (5% acetic acid) under the following circumstances:
Sodium bicarbonate + acetic acid → carbon dioxide + water + sodium acetate
NaHCO3 (s) + CH3COOH (l) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l) + NaCH3COO (aq)
1. What are the “reactants” in this reaction?
2. What “forms” are the reactants each in?
3. What are the “products” in this reaction?
4. What “forms” are each product in this reaction found in?
5. Is this equation balanced? Why or why not?
6. If I told you this reaction is “endothermic” and you touched the bottom of the catch tray after the reaction runs would it feel hot or cold? Why?
7. If I increase the amounts of both reactants would you expect the reaction to speed up or slow down? Why?
8. If I increase the amount of one reactant only, what would you expect to happen? Why?
9. How do I know that carbon dioxide is being produced? What is my “direct observation”?
10. If I went to the store and purchased apple cider vinegar which has a known concentration of 10% acetic acid and used it in place of white vinegar, what variable am I altering and what result would you expect?
11. If I tried this experiment with baking soda that had been open and in my refrigerator for two months and was still “cold” when I started the experiment, what results might we expect? Why?
12. If I was setting up my experiment and I carefully allow both the baking soda and vinegar to reach room temperature before I started my experiment - what part of an experimental design would I be affecting? Select one.
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Constant
d. Control
13. If I warmed my vinegar to a temperature of 85℉ from room temperature of 72℉, what result would you expect and why? Select one.
a. The reaction would proceed faster as you could see from more rapid foaming because there are more particle collisions between warmer reactants.
b. The reaction would proceed faster as you could see from more rapid foaming because there are fewer particle collisions between warmer reactants.
c. The reaction would proceed more slowly because there are more particle collisions between warmer reactants.
d. The reaction would not proceed because the activation energy wouldn’t be reached.
14. If I used laboratory grade acetic acid (100% concentration) describe how the following variables would change:
a. Concentration of reactants (independent variable) -
b. Formation of products (dependent variable) -
c. Rate of reaction (slope of the line) -
15. If this sample “unlabelled graph” were used from this experiment - how could we label each portion of the graph? What type of relationship do we see?
Answers
Answer:
The reactants in this reaction are sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and acetic acid (CH3COOH).
Sodium bicarbonate is in solid form (s) while acetic acid is in liquid form (l).
The products in this reaction are carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and sodium acetate (NaCH3COO).
Carbon dioxide is in gas form (g), water is in liquid form (l), and sodium acetate is in aqueous form (aq).
This equation is balanced because the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
If the reaction is endothermic and heat is absorbed, the bottom of the catch tray would feel cold because the heat is being absorbed from the surroundings.
If the amounts of both reactants are increased, the reaction would speed up because there are more reactant particles available to collide and react.
If the amount of one reactant is increased, the reaction rate would increase only up to a certain point, after which the rate would remain constant because the other reactant becomes limiting.
Carbon dioxide is being produced because bubbles of gas (CO2) are observed during the reaction.
By using apple cider vinegar with a known concentration of 10% acetic acid, the concentration of the acetic acid in the reaction is altered. This would result in a faster reaction because a higher concentration of reactants leads to more frequent collisions and a higher reaction rate.
If baking soda that has been open and in the refrigerator for two months is used, the reaction may not occur as efficiently as fresh baking soda because it may have absorbed moisture and become less reactive. This could result in a weaker reaction with less carbon dioxide produced.
The correct answer is c. Constant. By allowing both the baking soda and vinegar to reach room temperature before the experiment, you are controlling a constant variable in the experimental design.
The correct answer is a. The reaction would proceed faster as you could see from more rapid foaming because there are more particle collisions between warmer reactants.
a. If laboratory grade acetic acid (100% concentration) is used, the concentration of reactants (independent variable) would increase because the concentration of acetic acid would be higher.
b. The formation of products (dependent variable) would also increase because there would be more reactants available to react, leading to a higher yield of products.
c. The rate of reaction (slope of the line) would increase because a higher concentration of reactants leads to a higher reaction rate.
extraction of raw materials
Answers
Answer:
Can you add more context to what exactly the question is?
Explanation:
A sample of ancient bone is analyzed using carbon-14 dating. If the bone contains 50% as much C-14 as a modern bone, what is its approximate age?
A. 50 years old
B. 5,000 years old
C. 50,000 years old
D. 100,000 years old
Answers
Answer:
The correct option is;
B. 5,000 years old
Explanation:
The percentage amount of carbon-14 in the sample = 50%
The half life of carbon 14 = 5700
The half-life of a substance is the time it takes for a given sample of the substance to decay such that only half of the original quantity of the substance remains
The half-life of carbon 14 is around 5.730 years, which means it takes 5,730 years for a given quantity of carbon 14 to decompose and have 50% of the original quantity remaining
Therefore, given that only 50% of carbon 14 is remaining in the bone, the duration for the decomposition is approximately the half life of carbon 14, and the best option is that the age of the bone is approximately 5,000 years.
TRUE or FALSE. Write I If the statement is TRUE, write F if the statement is
FALSE on the space provided before the number.
1. A mixture is always made up of a combination of elements
2. A mixture is not a chemical combining of substances
3. In a mixture, the substances lose their identities
4. The substances involved in a mixture cannot be separated by a simple physi
process
5. Salt and water can be separated through distillation
6. Water for drinking can only be obtained from seawater by distillation
7. The distillation of miscible liquids is only possible if the liquids have differ
boiling points.
8. Mixtures have fixed melting and boiling points.
9. Paper chromatography is a physical method for separating mixtures
10. Crude oil is broken down by heat, vaporized, and allowed to condense
various liquids such as gasoline. This process is called distillation
Answers
The first one is false because a mixture doesn’t always have to use an element
Elements are pure substances with the same types of atoms.
Mixtures are when a substance has 2 different types of particles
How does he transferred through conduction?
A. From the warm object to the cooler object
B. From the cool object to the warm object
C. From the warm object to the air.
D. From the air to the cool object
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
OPTION B IS THE RIGHT ANSWER
1.what causes a fire tornado to form ?
2. how are firefighters expected to deal with them ?
3. why are fire tornadoes rare ?
Answers
A nonpolar solvent has the highest solubility with a(n) _____ solute. A. polar B. nonpolar C. ionic D. electrically charged solute.
Answers
Answer:
nonpolar
Explanation:
A nonpolar solvent has the highest solubility with a nonpolar solute.
In aqueous solutions, which type of bond or force has similar bond strength as ionic bond interactions? A. Nonpolar covalent bond B. Hydrogen bonds C. Polar covalent bond
Answers
In aqueous solutions, hydrogen bonds have similar bond strength as ionic bond interactions. Thus option B is the answer.
In aqueous solutions, ionic interactions occur between positively and negatively charged ions, which are held together by electrostatic forces. These forces are relatively strong and are responsible for the high melting and boiling points of ionic compounds. Hydrogen bonds, on the other hand, are a type of dipole-dipole interaction between the partially positive hydrogen atom of one molecule and the partially negative atom of another.
The strength of hydrogen bonds is about 5-10% of the strength of covalent bonds, which is similar to the strength of ionic bonds in aqueous solutions. This makes hydrogen bonds the type of bond or force that has similar bond strength as ionic bond interactions in aqueous solutions. These type of bonds are found in many biomolecules like DNA and RNA, proteins and many other natural and synthetic compounds.
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How do I balance this?
Answers
C12H22O11 (s) + 12O2 (g) ⇒ 12CO2 (g) + 11H2O (g)
Which of the following statements is true?
a. An ion is negative if it has more protons than it
has electrons.
b. An ion is negative if it has more electrons than
it has protons.
c. An ion is neutral if it has an equal number of
electrons and protons.
d. An ion is positive if it has more electrons than it
has protons.
e. An ion is positive if it has more protons than it
has neutrons.
Answers
Answer:
E- an ion is positive if it has more protons than it has neutrons
What is the mass percentage of C in C₂H₄O₂? Provide an answer to two decimal places.
Answers
Answer:
40.002
Explanation:
The percent composition of carbon in acetic acid is 40.002%
The mass percentage of the carbon in the compound C₂H₄O₂ is 40.00 %.
What is the mass percentage?The percentage of any element in a given compound is the number of parts by mass of that element present in 100 parts by mass of the given compound.
The mass percentage of an element can be calculated in two steps:
First, calculate the molecular mass of the compound by the addition of the atomic masses of the elements. Then, the percentage of the elements by dividing the total mass of the element present in the compound by the molar mass of the compound multiplied by 100.
Given, the molecular formula of the given compound is C₂H₄O₂. The atomic mass of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is 12.011 g, 1.0079 g, and 15.999g respectively.
The molecular mass of the compound = 2(12.011) + 4(1.0079) + 2(15.999)
= 60.052 g
The mass percentage of the carbon = (24.022/60.052) × 100 = 40.001%
Therefore, the mass percentage of the carbon is equal to 40.00%.
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With what compound will NH3 experience only dispersion intermolecular forces?
A. CH4
B. LiCl
C. CH3Br
D. HOF
E. CH3OH
Answers
LiCl (lithium chloride) is an ionic compound and would not be expected to interact strongly with NH3 through intermolecular forces, The correct answer is A. CH4.
NH3 (ammonia) can experience several intermolecular forces, including dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding. However, the strength of these forces depends on the nature of the other molecules present in the system.
Of the compounds given, only CH4 (methane) is nonpolar, meaning it only experiences dispersion forces with other nonpolar molecules. NH3 can also experience dipole-dipole forces with polar molecules, such as CH3Br (methyl bromide) and CH3OH (methanol), and hydrogen bonding with compounds that have a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom, such as HOF (hypofluorous acid) and water.
LiCl (lithium chloride) is an ionic compound and would not be expected to interact strongly with NH3 through intermolecular forces. Therefore, option B is not the correct answer.
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Explain the difference between a hazard and a risk.
Answers
Which elements are likely to close electrons?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
In general, metals will lose electrons to become a positive cation and nonmetals will gain electrons to become a negative anion. Hydrogen is an exception, as it will usually lose its electron. Metalloids and some metals can be can lose or gain electrons.
Sulfuric acid is produced by first burning sulfur to produce sulfur trioxide gas
2S(s) + 3O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
then dissolving the sulfur trioxide gas in water
SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(l)
Calculate the mass of sulfuric acid produced if 1.25 g of sulfur is reacted as indicated in the above equations.
Answers
The mass of sulfuric acid produced is 2.77 g.
To calculate the mass of sulfuric acid produced, we need to use stoichiometry. Here are the step-by-step calculations:
2S(s) + 3O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(l)
Calculate the molar mass of sulfur;
S = 32.06 g/mol
Convert the given mass of sulfur to moles;
1.25 g / 32.06 g/mol = 0.039 moles S
Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of sulfur trioxide produced;
0.039 moles S x (2 moles SO3 / 2 moles S) = 0.039 moles SO3
Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of sulfuric acid produced;
0.039 moles SO3 x (1 mole H2SO4 / 1 mole SO3) = 0.039 moles H2SO4
Calculate the mass of sulfuric acid produced;
0.039 moles H2SO4 x 98.08 g/mol = 2.77 g H2SO4
So the mass of sulfuric acid produced is 2.77 g.
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please help me solve this im lost
Answers
n H2 = m H2 / Mr H2
n H2 = 2 / 2
n H2 = 1 mol
n O2 = m O2 / Mr O2
n O2 = 4 / 32
n O2 = 0.125 mol
O2 is a limiting reactant
n H2O = (coef. H2O / coef. O2) • n O2
n H2O = (2 / 1) • 0.125
n H2O = 0.25 mol
m H2O = n H2O • Mr H2O
m H2O = 0.25 • 18
m H2O = 4.5 gr
So...Animals breathe in Oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide...What spheres would this be?
Answers
Answer:
Animals breathe by absorbing oxygen gas from the atmosphere and releasing carbon dioxide gas back into the atmosphere from their bodies during the process. This carbon dioxide is released by the animal's cells as a waste product during cellular respiration.
Explanation:
a sample of a hydrocarbon contains 2.59x1023 atoms of hydrogen and is 17.3% hydrogen by mass. if the molar mass of the hydrocarbon is between 55 and 65 g/mol. what is the molecular formula of the compound?
Answers
The molecular formula of a compound containing 2.59 × 10²³ atms of hydrogen and 17.3% hydrogen by mass is C₄H₁₀.
Let us assume that we have 100g of the original sample.
The number of moles of C and H can be calculated as:
Number of moles of H
= 17.3g × 1 mol H/ 1.008g
=17.2 mol
Number of moles of C
=(100-17.3)g × 1 mol C / 12.01 g C
=6.89 mol C
The smallest atomic ratio for H is
=17.2/6.89
=2.50
The smallest atomic ratio for carbon is
=6.89/6.89
=1
To round off the smallest atomic ratio, we need to multiply both of them by 2
Thus, smallest atomic ratio for carbon= 1×2=2
smallest atomic ratio for hydrogen= 2.5×2 =5
Thus, the empirical formula is C₂H₅
let, (C₂H₅)n be the molecular formula
molecular mass of the compound C₂H₅= 58 g
⇒ (C₂H₅)n =58
⇒(2×12+15)n =58
⇒n= 58/29
⇒n=2
Thus molecular formula of the compound (C₂H₅)₂ is
=C₄H₁₀
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Briefly describe what Planck did to correct the Raleigh and Jeans flaw, which allowed him to find the correct equation for the blackbody spectrum.
Answers
Planck resolved the flaw by proposing that energy could only be emitted in discrete quantities, called quanta.
Max Planck was a German physicist who was working on the problem of how the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body, that was surrounded by a cavity, changed with temperature.
He was trying to explain the shape of the blackbody spectrum. When he observed the radiation from a black body, he noticed that the formula put forward by Raleigh and Jeans was not giving accurate results for the distribution of radiation with wavelength at different temperatures.
He discovered that he could explain the radiation pattern if he modified Raleigh and Jeans's distribution law to produce a simple equation that correctly explained blackbody radiation. The Raleigh-Jeans equation, which describes the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a blackbody, was incorrect for small wavelengths.
Planck resolved the flaw by proposing that energy could only be emitted in discrete quantities, called quanta. Thus, he put forward the idea of quantized energy, which was a radical shift from classical physics.
Planck’s equation for blackbody radiation successfully described the observed distribution of energy with wavelength and temperature.
Hence, Planck resolved the flaw by proposing that energy could only be emitted in discrete quantities, called quanta.
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A separatory funnel contains ethyl acetate and an aqueous solution of some kind. What comprises the bottom layer?.
Answers
Gather the upper surface, dry it with Na2SO4, and then let the solvent drain.
Benzoic acid and anthracene are both solvable in basic aqueous solutions, as is anthracene.
Ethyl acetate has a lower density than basic aqueous solution does. Anthracene will therefore be found in the top layer.
The chemical molecule ethyl acetate has the formula C4H8O2, or CH3CO2CH2CH3.
In particular, paints, varnish, lacquers, cleaning solutions, and perfumes all use ethyl acetate as a solvent. It is used as a solvent to decaffeinate coffee beans, just as last week's MOTW, dichloromethane. Ethyl acetate is a frequent solvent used in laboratories for thin-layer and column chromatography.
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A 25. 00 mL aliquot of 0. 100 M NH_3 is titrated with 21. 00 mL of 0. 0900 M HCl. Calculate the pH. K_b = 1. 76 times 10^-5
Answers
The value of the pH of the given solution is 7.42.
the amount of NH₄+ formed is equal to the amount of HCl used in the titration because they are in a 1:1 molar ratio.
Therefore, the moles of NH₄+ formed = 0.00189 mol
The total volume of the solution = 25.00 mL + 21.00 mL = 46.00 mL
The concentration of NH₄+ in the solution = (0.00189 / 46.00) x 1000 = 0.0411 M
Now, the Kb value of NH₃ is given, which can be used to determine the concentration of OH-.Kb = (concentration of NH₄+ x concentration of OH-) / concentration of NNH₃
OH-] = (Kb x concentration of NH₃) / concentration of NH₄+
[OH-] = (1.76 x 10⁻⁵ x 0.00061) / 0.0411
[OH-] = 2.62 x 10⁻⁷
The pH of the solution can be determined as follows:
pOH = -log[OH-]
pOH = -log(2.62 x 10⁻⁷)
pOH = 6.58
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 6.58
pH = 7.42
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helpppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp
Answers
Answer:
the answer to your question is a
Name the type of energy that is a form of potential energy stored in chemical bonds.
Answers
analyze the spectra, assigning all of the major peaks. what are the expected impurities in these reactions? do you see them in the spectra?
Answers
Spectra analysis is the process of interpreting the information contained in a spectrum, such as a mass, IR, NMR or Raman spectra. The peaks in a spectrum represent specific molecular species or functional groups, and the assignment of these peaks to specific compounds or functional groups is an important part of spectra analysis.
About SpectraThe emission spectra or emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to an atom or molecule making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state.
In chemical reactions, impurities are often produced as byproducts and can interfere with the desired outcome. Some common impurities include unreacted starting materials, side products, contaminants, and degradation products. Whether or not these impurities are visible in a spectrum depends on the sensitivity of the instrument and the specific spectra being analyzed.
If you provide me with more specific information about the spectra you're analyzing, I would be happy to provide more information.
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A sample of gas at 240K and 670 mmHg occupies a 1.28L volume. What volume (in Liters) will the gas occupy at 198K if the pressure is changed to 680 mmHg?
Answers
Answer:
1.04 L.
Explanation:
What is given?
Temperature 1 (T1) = 240 K.
Pressure 1 (P1) = 670 mmHg.
Volume 1 (V1) = 1.28 L.
Temperature 2 (T2) = 198 K.
Pressure 2 (P2) = 680 mmHg.
What do we need? Volume 2 (V2).
Step-by-step solution:
To solve this problem, we have to use the combined gas law. The combined gas law expresses the relationship between the pressure, volume, and absolute temperature of a fixed amount of gas. For a combined gas law problem, only the amount of gas is held constant. The formula of combined gas law is:
\(\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}.\)We need to find the volume 2 (V2), so let's solve for this unknown value and let's replace the given data that we have:
\(\begin{gathered} V_2=\frac{P_1V_1T_2}{T_1P_2}, \\ V_2=\frac{670\text{ mmHg}\cdot1.28\text{ L}\cdot198K}{240K\cdot680\text{ }mmHg}, \\ V_2=1.04\text{ L.} \end{gathered}\)The final volume for this case would be 1.04 L, the volume is being reduced.
Smaller nuclei are more likely to be stable because:
A. the electrostatic force gets reduced by the presence of neutrons.
B. the strong nuclear force gets counteracted by the presence of
neutrons.
C. the strong nuclear force doesn't fall off much in a small nucleus.
D. the electrostatic force depends on the number of charges, and the
strong force does not.
Answers
Answer:
B. the strong nuclear force gets counteracted by the presence of neutrons should be the answer.
LOOK IN THE COMMENTS IT IS A RIDDLE ;)))
Answers
Answer: What comment
Explanation:
Mac took an exceptional hard chemistry exam and is angry at his teacher. After the exam, Mac returns home and takes out his anger on his little brother. Mac's behavior illustrates a rationalization b displacement c reaction formation d regression e projection
Answers
Mac's behavior in the example provided illustrates projection.
What is Projection?Projection is defined as a mental process in which people attribute or
displace their feelings onto others. This is usually done unconsciously
under stressful conditions.
In this scenario, we were told that Mac was angry at his teacher and took
out his anger on his little brother which depicts Projection.
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You are compiling the temperature profile of a lake, which requires taking temperature readings at different depths. You collect the following data:
What depth range does the epilimnion occupy in this lake?
a. 0 to 3
b. 8 to 12
Answers
The depth range of the epilimnion in this lake is most likely a. 0 to 3 meters. Option A is correct.
To determine the depth range of the epilimnion, we need to identify the layer of the lake where the temperature change is most rapid, which indicates the transition between the warm surface layer and the colder deep layer.
Looking at the temperature readings, we can see that there is a significant temperature difference between the surface layer (0-3 meters) and the layer below (4-7 meters).
However, the temperature change between 4-7 meters and 8-12 meters is not as dramatic, indicating that the transition between the warm surface layer and the colder deep layer occurs somewhere between 3 and 8 meters.
Hence, A. 0 to 3 is the correct option.
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