in what year did atcc begin screening their cell lines for common viral pathogens?
Answers
In 2010, the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) began screening all of their cell lines for common viral pathogens such as mycoplasma, which is a common bacterial contaminant that has been shown to alter the phenotype of cultured cells.
The presence of mycoplasma and other viruses such as HIV-1, hepatitis B and C viruses, and cytomegalovirus in cells can cause major complications in scientific experiments, rendering the results untrustworthy. ATCC, which is one of the world's most widely used biological resource centers for cell lines, has responded to this by implementing a rigorous screening process for their cell lines.
ATCC's quality control procedures aim to offer researchers with reliable, high-quality cell lines that are free of microbial and viral contamination, allowing them to conduct experiments that produce dependable and reproducible results.
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Related Questions
the process that destroys all microbial life including spores is called __
Answers
The process that destroys all microbial life including spores is called Sterilization.
What is Sterilization?
The foundational elements of hospital infection control procedures are sterilization and disinfection. Numerous hospitals carry out various surgical operations every day. Numerous invasive treatments are carried out in various healthcare facilities.
The risk of introducing infections into the patient's body is enhanced when a medical device or surgical instrument comes into touch with the sterile tissue or mucous membrane of the patient during the various processes.
Additionally, there is a potential that an infection will spread from one patient to another, from a patient to a member of the medical staff and vice versa, or from the environment to the patient through improperly sanitized or disinfected equipment.
Thus, The process that destroys all microbial life including spores is called Sterilization.
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What psychologist proposed that humans, along with members of other species, have a fighting instinct, which in earlier times ensured protection of food supplies and weeded out the weaker of the species?
Answers
The psychologist who proposed that humans have a fighting instinct is Konrad Lorenz, who believed it ensured protection of resources and survival of the fittest.
Konrad Lorenz, an Austrian zoologist and ethologist, suggested that humans and other species possess an innate fighting instinct. He argued that this instinct played a crucial role in our ancestors' survival by enabling them to protect their food supplies and territory.
Additionally, it served as a natural selection mechanism, ensuring only the strongest individuals would survive and reproduce. This instinct, according to Lorenz, has persisted into modern times and still influences human behavior. His theories were significant in the development of ethology, the study of animal behavior, and contributed to our understanding of aggression and its evolutionary roots.
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Order of steps to describe the replication of DNA in a cell
Answers
Answer:
basically, step 1 is the second row
step 2 is 3rd row
step 3 is 4th row
and step 4 is the 1st row
Explanation:
Put the events of ventilation in a mammalian lung in order, from first to last.
Answers
The correct order of ventilation is: Inhalation > Air Distribution > Gas Exchange > Exhalation
The events of ventilation in a mammalian lung in order, from first to last are:
Inhalation: The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and causing air to flow into the lungs.Air Distribution: Air travels through the bronchi and bronchioles to the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.Gas Exchange: Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries surrounding the alveoli, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli.Exhalation: The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and causing air to flow out of the lungs.To know more about ventilation
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A successful innovation that has a moderately long and potentially cyclical product life cycle is known as a(n) _____.
a. fashion
b. prototype
c. fad
d. exemplar
e. blip
Answers
A successful innovation that has a moderately long and potentially cyclical product life cycle is called as a(n) fashion. Option A is correct.
Fashion refers to a style, trend, or innovation that becomes popular and widely accepted for a certain period of time. In the context of products, fashion represents innovations that experience cycles of popularity and decline but have a relatively longer life cycle compared to fads or short-lived trends.
Fashionable products often follow a predictable pattern of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. They capture consumer attention and generate demand for a certain period before gradually losing popularity. However, fashion trends have the potential to resurge in popularity later on, resulting in cyclical patterns. Examples of fashion products can include clothing, accessories, home decor, or even certain types of technology.
Hence, A. is the correct option.
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Answer this properly and get brainlist. ^_^
Answers
Answer:
the answer is (c) hopes this helps plus ima being nice today so you can give brainliest to the first answer.
Explanation:
how does evolutionary classification differ from traditional classification? group of answer choices evolutionary classification groups organisms according to observable similarities and differences. evolutionary classification groups species into larger categories that reflect hypotheses about lines of descent. evolutionary classification is limited to explaining how eukaryotic organisms arose from prokaryotic organisms. evolutionary classification focuses on identifying evidence for explaining how life first arose on earth.
Answers
Evolutionary classification differs from traditional classification in that it groups species into larger categories that reflect hypotheses about lines of descent. The main idea behind evolutionary classification is that all species are related through descent from a common ancestor.
Evolutionary classification differs from traditional classification in that it groups species into larger categories that reflect hypotheses about lines of descent.
Evolutionary classification is a scientific classification system in which species are classified based on their evolutionary relationships with each other. This implies that species that have common evolutionary origins are grouped together while species that do not are grouped separately. In the traditional classification system, organisms are classified based on observable characteristics.
Traditional classification is based on observable characteristics of organisms such as physical and structural similarities. This system of classification is called the morphological classification system. In traditional classification, species are grouped together based on shared physical features, such as their appearance, anatomy, and physiology.
The differences between evolutionary and traditional classifications are: The classification of organisms is based on observable similarities and differences in traditional classification, whereas it is based on evolutionary relationships in evolutionary classification. Evolutionary classification groups species into larger categories that reflect hypotheses about lines of descent, while traditional classification groups species into smaller categories based on their morphological characteristics. Evolutionary classification is limited to explaining how species came into existence and evolved over time, while traditional classification is used to identify and organize organisms based on their observable features.
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how are plants adapted to survive in the desert?
Answers
Some desert plants store water in their leaves stems or roots. Others have thick, waxy skin that prevents water loss. Some desert plants have small leaves that help reduce evaporation. Others have deep taproots that help them reach the underground water sources.
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what evidence does not explain how mid-ocean ridges are formed
Answers
Mid-ocean ridges are found on the bottom of most oceans.
Mid-ocean ridges occur along diverging plate boundaries where new ocean floors form as the Earth's tectonic plates spread. When the plates separate, lava rises to the seafloor, and huge volcanic eruptions of basalt occur. Propagation at mid-ocean ridges is thought to involve two processes: ridge push and slab pull.
Ridge push refers to the gravitational sliding of an oceanic plate that is lifted above the hotter asthenosphere, creating a body force that causes the plate to slide downward. The material that erupts at the propagation center along the mid-ocean ridge is primarily basalt the most common rock on Earth. A raised region with a central valley on the seafloor at the boundary between two diverging tectonic plates where new crust is forming from rising magma.
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People see bullfighting as many different things. which of these does carmen not mention? a sport an art form a game a form of cruelty to animals
Answers
These does carmen not mention a sport an art form a game a form of cruelty to animals.
Given name Carmen has two distinct antecedents. Its primary roots are Spanish and Italian, and it is a shortened form of the Hebrew word for a mountain range in northern Israel, Karmel, which is used for Carmel and Carmelo.The Latin word carmen, which means "ode" or "poem" and is also the source of the English term "charm," is where the second derivation comes from. The word Carmenta, which derives from this root, is Latin in origin, as is the portion of archaic Latin known as "Carmen Saliare." The name is unisex in English, although it is typically given to women in Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, French, and Romanian; it is frequently given to men in Italian.To learn more about Carmen.
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a. what is the structure and function of the ribosome? b. how does the structure of the ribosome aid in the function? c. what are the three types of rna involved in the structure or function of the ribosome?
Answers
The ribosome is a complex cellular structure composed of proteins and RNA, which functions in protein synthesis. Its structure aids in its function by providing distinct sites for mRNA binding, tRNA attachment, and peptide bond formation. The three types of RNA involved in ribosome structure and function are ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA).
The ribosome consists of two subunits, the large and small subunits, which work together to carry out translation. The small subunit reads the mRNA sequence, while the large subunit catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.
The structure of the ribosome aids in its function by providing specific binding sites for tRNA molecules and mRNA sequences, as well as active sites for catalyzing peptide bond formation. The ribosome also undergoes conformational changes during translation to ensure accuracy and efficiency in protein synthesis.
There are three types of RNA involved in the structure or function of the ribosome: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, while tRNA brings specific amino acids to the ribosome. rRNA makes up the bulk of the ribosome and provides the catalytic activity for peptide bond formation.
In summary, the ribosome is a complex molecular machine composed of RNA and protein that serves as the site of protein synthesis in cells. Its structure aids in its function by providing specific binding sites for RNA and active sites for catalyzing peptide bond formation. The three types of RNA involved in the structure or function of the ribosome are mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.
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What happens in an esterification reaction to make a lipid?
Answers
Here is ur answer ....
Many lipids are esters, which result from the chemical reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol. ... Triglycerides, esters formed from one molecule of glycerol (an alcohol) and three fatty acid molecules (carboxylic acids), make up most of the lipids stored in our bodies or found in our diet.
Tomatoes are genetically modified to have a longer shelf life, slowing the ripening and softening of the tomato. Which best describes a
concer people have with eating genetically modified tomatoes?
Genetically modified tomatoes do not taste as good as regular tomatoes,
B. Genetically modined tomatoes are more expensive than regular tomatoes
DC The DNA used to modify the tomatoes could change the DNA of the person eating the tomato.
Answers
Answer:
C. (last one)
Explanation:
There is a lot of heavy superstition surrounding the ingestion of genetically modified foods and some people believe that consuming foods modified by different DNA can effect their own. However, this is scientifically impossible as a person's DNA is not something that can be modified by anything as you are born with it and your DNA makes up your entire body. Almost every cell in your body contains at least some DNA, meaning that to modify it, every single cell in your body would have to change
A line graph has a vertical axis labeled "Average plant
height (cm)" and a horizontal axis labeled "Fertilizer
(g/plant)." What information is conveyed by a point
plotted with the coordinates (1, 25)? Keep in mind
coordinates are written as (x-coordinate, y-coordinate).
Average plant height (cm)
50-
40
30-
20-
10
.
4 6 8 10
Fertilizer (g/plant)
A. The average height of plants given 1 g of fertilizer was
25 cm.
B. The average height of plants given 25 g of fertilizer was
1 cm.
c. The range of average plant height was from 1 cm to 25
cm.
D. The range of fertilizer was from 1 g per plant to 25 g per
plant.
Answers
The information conveyed by a point plotted with the coordinates (1, 25) on the line graph is:
A. The average height of plants given 1 g of fertilizer was 25 cm.
In the given line graph, the vertical axis represents the average plant height in centimeters, and the horizontal axis represents the amount of fertilizer in grams per plant.
The coordinates (1, 25) indicate that when 1 gram of fertilizer was applied to each plant, the average height of the plants was 25 centimeters.
The x-coordinate represents the amount of fertilizer, and in this case, it is 1 gram. The y-coordinate represents the average plant height, and in this case, it is 25 centimeters.
Therefore, option A accurately describes the information conveyed by the plotted point (1, 25) on the line graph. It states that the average height of plants given 1 gram of fertilizer was 25 centimeters.
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If you were to look at a mass of cells under the microscope in which part of the cell cycle would you expect to find most of the cells?
a. interphase
b. anaphase
c. prophase
d. telophase
Answers
Answer:
A?
I think I'm wrong! please tell me what one it is if I'm wrong.
Answer:
A. Interphase
Explanation:
Because interphase is the phase of the cell cycle wherein most cells spend most of their lives.
if planet y orbits the sun bur does not rotate on its axis at all how long would a daybbe on planet y
Answers
If Planet Y does not rotate on its axis at all, then one day-night cycle on the planet would take as long as one full orbit around the Sun.
This is because the definition of a day is the time it takes for one complete rotation on its axis, and if Planet Y does not rotate on its axis, it does not have a day.
Assuming that Planet Y's orbit around the Sun is circular and has a period of one Earth year (365.25 Earth days), then one day on Planet Y would also be 365.25 Earth days long. Therefore, a year on Planet Y would also be 365.25 Earth days long, and the planet would have one day and one night each year.
What is an orbit?
An orbit is the path that an object takes as it moves around another object due to the influence of gravity. In astronomy, the most common example of an orbit is the path that a planet takes as it revolves around a star. Orbits are governed by the laws of motion, particularly Kepler's laws of planetary motion, which describe how the gravitational force between two objects affects their motion.
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Complete question is: If Planet Y does not rotate on its axis at all, then one day-night cycle on the planet would take as long as one full orbit around the Sun.
Emma drinks water from a glass using a straw . Which one of these best describes how the fluid moves from the drinking glass to Emma’s mouth
Answers
Answer:
I dont know there are no options
Explanation:
Nutrient A is the end product of a biosynthetic pathway. Nutrient A binds to a repressor protein, which, when bound to nutrient A, represses the expression of the genes involved in this biosynthetic pathway. Without the repressor these genes are transcribed. The Nutrient A pathway is an example of a: A. Positively controlled system B. Negatively controlled and repressible system C. Inducible system D. Negatively controlled system only E. Repressible system only
Answers
The Nutrient A biosynthetic pathway is an example of a negatively controlled and repressible system. In this system, nutrient A acts as a corepressor by binding to a repressor protein, which then binds to the operator region of the genes involved in the pathway, preventing transcription. So the correct answer is option B.
This negative control system is also repressible, meaning that the repressor protein is not always bound to the operator region. When nutrient A is not present, the repressor protein is inactive and the genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway are transcribed. In contrast, an inducible system involves the activation of gene expression by the presence of an inducer molecule. A positively controlled system involves the activation of gene expression by a regulatory protein, rather than the repression of gene expression.
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Of the array of varied creatures within the kingdom Animalia, some fly, some crawl, some leap, and some swim. This exercise asks you to place a number Materials Needed If possible: m into taxonomic groups and decide which groups are related most with a lab partnerfs) on this exercise. of the closely to which other groups. Work Start with a small sample to work with first, consisting of: fish, horse, frog dolphin, butterfly, pigeon, dog, bat, and snake.
Of the eight remaining animals, figure out which ones are mammals. Which of the following characteristics help you decide? Explain. mammary glands opposable thumbs homeothermy fur limbs vertebral column
Answers
To determine which animals from the given list are mammals, we can consider the presence of mammary glands, homeothermy (maintaining a constant body temperature), fur, limbs, and a vertebral column.
Mammals are a group of animals within the kingdom Animalia that possess certain characteristics distinguishing them from other groups. The presence of mammary glands is a defining feature of mammals. These glands produce milk, which is used to nourish their young.
Homeothermy, or the ability to maintain a relatively constant body temperature, is another characteristic commonly associated with mammals. Unlike animals such as reptiles, which are ectothermic and rely on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature, mammals are endothermic and generate their own body heat.
Fur is a characteristic commonly observed in mammals. It serves various purposes, including insulation, protection, and camouflage.
The presence of limbs is a general characteristic of mammals. Most mammals have four limbs, although some have modified limbs or have lost them over evolutionary time.
A vertebral column, or backbone, is found in mammals and provides support and protection for the spinal cord.
Considering these characteristics, animals such as the horse, dog, bat, and dolphin from the given list are mammals. They possess mammary glands, exhibit homeothermy, have fur or hair, possess limbs, and have a vertebral column. On the other hand, animals like fish, frog, butterfly, pigeon, and snake do not possess all these characteristics and are not classified as mammals.
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what two element where found in the sun
Answers
Answer:
Hydrogen and Helium
Explanation:
The sun is composed of layers made up almost entirely of hydrogen and helium. These gases carry out different functions in each layer, and the sun's layers are measured by their percentage of the sun's total radius.
Answer:
Hydrogen and Helium!!
Explanation:
lol
please I need help to answer these questions
Answers
Answer:
B. Directional Selection
Explanation:
By doing some research I found out what most of this means so let's do my favorite process, the process of elimination
A. Disruptive
Disruptive selection produces two or more species with two different traits nothing in the question says two different scorpions where formed one with big pinchers and another with big stingers no it just talks about them slowly forming big pinchers
C. Stabilizing
Stabilizing selection is when two species are produced with more similar traits nothing vastly different, I would consider them forming really big pinchers to be an extreme
Core Lab Coaching Activity: Anatomy of the Heart ow blood moves into and out of the heart
Answers
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. Blood enters the heart through two large veins, the superior and inferior vena cava, which bring in deoxygenated blood from the body.
How does the heart work?The blood then flows into the right atrium, which contracts and pumps the blood into the right ventricle. The right ventricle then pumps the blood into the lungs, where it receives oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide.
The oxygen-rich blood then returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins and enters the left atrium. The left atrium contracts and pumps the blood into the left ventricle. The left ventricle then pumps the blood out of the heart and into the aorta, which distributes the oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body through a network of smaller arteries.
This process is repeated continuously, ensuring that the body receives a constant supply of oxygen-rich blood.
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The following is a map of four genes on a chromosome.
A---5--W--3--E------12------G
Between which two genes would you expect the highest frequency of recombination?
Answers
Given that the map distance between W and G is equivalent to 15 centimorgans, we may infer from the list of chromosomes and the aforementioned question that we should anticipate 15% recombination between W and G gene. It's option (B).
A centimorgan (cM), which is a unit that describes a recombination frequency of 1%, is used to measure map distance. And based on this criterion, we can infer that the lowest frequency of recombination, or 3%, is expected to occur between W and E. Let's assume that P is the epistatic gene that controls the formation of the tail.
According to the question, the genotype of the female is ppTT and the genotype of the male is PPtt because the male lacks a tail and is recessive homozygous for the tail length gene. The female is long-tailed and the dominant epistatic allele P specifies that no tail is formed. The offspring that is produced after mating has the genotype PpTt and the phenotype "no tails." Currently, two springs with the identical PpTt genotype are being crossed. Therefore, punnette square can be used to calculate the consequent ratio.
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Correct Question:
The following is a map of four genes on a chromosome. A---5--W--3--E------12------G. Between which two genes would you expect the highest frequency of recombination?
a. A and G
b. W and G
c. W and E
d. A and W
e. E and G
Which amino acid residues were incorporated into compound 1 to promote the adhesion of cells on the scaffold surfaces?
Answers
Answer :Aspartic acid and Arginine acid.They are both important in amino acid biosynthesis. However,Arg is an essential Aa in human and rodents.while Asp is produced during transamination of oxaloacetate.It is important in Urea cylcle as Nitrogen donor.
Based on the description of the molecule 1, all the described 5 regions have distinct features.However affinity to the other cells is most prominent at the 5th regions of description.A cursory look at the structure showed two amino acids structure as simple amino acids Aspartic and Arginine.These two promotes adhesion of cells on scaffold surfaces.
Explanation:
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The amino acids play a crucial role in the development of cells and the division of the cell.
In the given compound 1, the amino acid residues that promote cell adhesion are aspartic acid and arginine.
It can be explained as:
Arginine or arg is essential in humans and rodents. Arginine plays a crucial role in cell division, the release of hormones, and helps in removing ammonia from the body.Aspartic acid or asp is produced during the transamination of oxaloacetate. It plays a crucial role in the urea cycle by donating nitrogen.In compound 1, affinity to the 5th region is prominent. compound 1 shoes the two amino acids, arginine and aspartic acid that promote the adhesion of the cells on scaffold surfaces.Thus, arginine and aspartic acid are involved in cell adhesion.
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Matter is made up of motionless particles.
True
False
Answers
Answer:
t
Explanation:
The statement 'matter is made up of motionless particles' is FALSE.
Matter can be defined as any substance that has a mass and occupies space by having volume. Particles in the matter are found in a continuous state of motion (i.e., they move continuously).The level of motion of the particles in matter depends on the temperature.In conclusion, the statement 'matter is made up of motionless particles' is FALSE.
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which statement best explains why protein folding is critical in the transmembrane protein ?
Answers
Answer:
Interactions of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids help to anchor the protein in the membrane.
Explanation:
it was on quizlet
A person who is assigned female at birth is most fertile during?
Answers
A person who is assigned female at birth (AFAB) is typically most fertile during their reproductive years, which usually occurs between the ages of 16 and 35.
During this time, AFABs will experience regular menstrual cycles and produce hormones like estrogen and progesterone that can help prepare their bodies for pregnancy.
This higher level of fertility can be used to increase the chances for conception, allowing people to expand families through natural means or assisted reproductive technology such as in-vitro fertilization.
However it's important to remember that there are other factors that affect fertility, such as age and health, so even when a person is in their most fertile window it does not guarantee a successful conception experience.
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Your brain uses the _____ to process and manage stress responses.
Answers
Answer:fruntalope
Explanation:
Manure is prepared by decomposing animal excreta and plant waste. Which of the
following statement is true about manures?
a) They enrich the soil with inorganic matter
b) Excessive use of manure can lead to water pollution
c) They increase the water holding capacity of the soil
d) Excessive use of manure can decrease the fertility of the soil
Answers
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(True or False) combining form for plane divided into right and left halves
Answers
Creating a combined shape for a plane with a right and left half. False. The body's midline is defined by the median plane, a sagittal plane that divides the body into its right and left halves.
The front and rear half of the complete body are separated by the frontal plane. The left and right sides of the complete body are separated by the middle plane. The waist is where the transverse plane separates the body (top and bottom halves of the body).
The body's left and right halves are separated by the mid-sagittal plane known as the median plane. The sagittal plane is created by dividing the body into left and right halves along a hypothetical line. The sagittal plane is where all forward and reverse motion that is parallel to this line takes place.
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