In a given population of Drosophila, curly wings (c) is recessive to the wild-type condition of straight wings (c+). You isolate a population of 45 curly winged flies, 70 flies that are heterozygous for straight wings and 55 that are homozygous for straight wings. What is the total number alleles in the gene pool? 2 170 340 250

Answer:

energy

Explanation:

Although no additional ATP is generated by fermentation of pyruvate to ethanol, yeast produce ethanol under anaerobic conditions because the fermentation process allows for the regeneration of NAD+ molecules, which are required for the continuation of glycolysis.

In the absence of oxygen, the electron transport chain, which is responsible for the reoxidation of NADH to NAD+ during oxidative phosphorylation, cannot function. As a result, NAD+ is rapidly depleted during glycolysis, which requires NAD+ as a coenzyme.

Fermentation allows for the regeneration of NAD+ by converting pyruvate to lactate or ethanol, which involves the transfer of electrons from NADH to pyruvate. In yeast, pyruvate is converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide by the enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase and the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. The oxidation of NADH to NAD+ during this process allows for the continued production of ATP through glycolysis, which is essential for the survival of yeast cells under anaerobic conditions.

What is glycolysis?

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism.

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Answer:

C. The clocks use mutations that are difficult to identify and track.

Explanation:

Energy cell harvesting is impotant. Cells need energy so they can move from one place to another and ATP helps that. ATP is consiered "energy currency" of the cell and it's useful for storing egery and helping molecules/cells move around.

Protein to move against concentration gradient requires energy. Protons go trhough a protein channel called ATP synthase which helps them move out of the mitrochonrial matrix.

The phosphorylation of another molecule can assist a protein to transport molecules against their concentration gradient by energizing them.

PHOSPHORYLATION:

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The evidence used by the speaker in the video that helps support the position that birds at the top of the food chain have been harmed the most by DDT is by stating claims about birds and their environment and using evidence to support the claims.

William Engdahl, an analyst and researcher, in his speech "The DDT Story - How US
Agency for International Development Used Third World Citizens as Guinea Pigs for
Human-Testing of a Known Carcinogen," shows how the pesticide DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane) had a catastrophic impact on birds, wildlife, and humans.

Engdahl uses evidence to support his statements, demonstrating how DDT became a global concern and how it triggered public action to counter the impacts. Based on the question, the speaker supports the position that birds at the top of the food chain have been harmed the most by DDT by stating claims about birds and their environment and using evidence to support the claims.

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As a river ages, the gradient levels typically decrease, while the sediment load may either increase or decrease depending on various factors.

The gradient of a river refers to the slope or steepness of its channel. Over time, as a river flows and erodes its surroundings, it tends to reach a state of equilibrium, where the slope becomes less steep. This is known as a decrease in gradient levels.

The sediment load of a river refers to the amount of sediment (such as sand, silt, and rocks) carried by the flowing water. It can vary based on factors such as the geology of the area, the climate, and the amount of erosion occurring in the river's watershed.

In some cases, as a river ages and continues to erode its surroundings, the sediment load may increase as more sediment is picked up and transported downstream. However, in other cases, the sediment load may decrease if the river reaches a point of balance where erosion and sedimentation are relatively equal.

Therefore, the change in sediment load as a river ages can vary depending on local conditions and the specific characteristics of the river.

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Three examples that may have been present in any part of your ecocolumn ate aquatic plants, snails, and, earthworms.

In ecocolumn, which is a closed ecosystem model, there can be various examples of organisms present in different parts of the column. Here are three examples that may have been present in different parts of ecocolumn:

Aquatic Plants: The water section of ecocolumn can contain aquatic plants such as Elodea, Anacharis, or Duckweed. These plants play a crucial role in the ecosystem by providing oxygen, absorbing nutrients, and serving as a food source for other organisms.

Snails: Snails can be found in the soil or gravel section of an ecocolumn. They help in the decomposition process by consuming decaying matter, thereby recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. Additionally, snails contribute to the overall biodiversity of the ecocolumn.

Earthworms: Earthworms are commonly found in the soil section of an ecocolumn. They play a vital role in enhancing soil fertility through their burrowing activities, which improve aeration and nutrient circulation. The presence of earthworms indicates a healthy soil ecosystem within the ecocolumn.

These are just a few examples, and the specific organisms present in an ecocolumn can vary depending on the design, environmental conditions, and initial setup of the ecosystem.

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Animals depend on their surroundings and other living things to meet their needs in the places they live, through a combination of factors like habitat, food sources, and symbiotic relationships.

The habitat provides shelter, protection, and appropriate environmental conditions for animals to thrive. For example, a fish requires a suitable aquatic environment to obtain oxygen and maintain its body temperature.

Food sources are crucial for an animal's survival, as they need to consume other organisms or organic matter to obtain energy and nutrients. Herbivores like rabbits rely on plants, while carnivores like lions depend on prey species. Omnivores, such as bears, have a more diverse diet that includes both plants and animals.

Moreover, animals often engage in symbiotic relationships, where they mutually benefit from each other. For example, bees and flowers have a mutualistic relationship, where bees gather nectar for food while pollinating the flowers in the process. This interdependence allows both species to thrive.

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Answer:

Well.

Explanation:

The bladder, urethra, and ureters have many layers, and the layers are called urothelial cells, or transitional cells.

Biodiversity offsets are quantifiable conservation initiatives that are added to existing preventative and mitigation efforts to make up for inevitable damage.

In terms of species diversity, habitat quality, and ecosystem function, offsets should result in no net loss of biodiversity and, ideally, a net gain. The debate over biodiversity offsets is contentious since some governments are promoting offsets as a means of "accelerating development, or more simply as a means of undermining comprehensive land planning and allowing detrimental development on protected territory." There has been a lot of pushback to this. Purchasing fewer products and ensuring that the ones you do purchase have a minimal impact on biodiversity investing in initiatives to advance biodiversity looking for ways to cut of consumer products, such as food, clothing, and electrical equipment.

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Answer:when visiting the Channel Islands, you can't help but be amazed by creatures such as the island fox, night lizard, deer mouse, island scrub jay, and ashy storm-petrel, just to name a few of the endemic species.  The Channel Islands were also once home to the pygmy mammoth, a now extinct dwarf elephant that evolved in this insular environment.

Along with these endemic species are many of what biologists call invasive species, species that originated from elsewhere but have found a home in the Channel Islands. These include sweet fennel, olive trees, and Australian blue gum trees. For a time, elk and deer could also be found here as well.

Explanation:

Answer:

atmosphere-air surrounding earth

biosphere-all of earth living things

geosphere-earths interior, rocks, minerals, and landforms

cryosphere-glaciers, icecaps, and iceburgs

hydrosphere-oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, and ground water

Explanation:

scientific explanation; i use edg too.

The layers of the earth are divided into spheres based on their constituents. The lithosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, etc. are the spheres. The correct matches are 1. d, 2. b, 3. c, and 4. a.

Spheres are the subsystems that divide the places or the elements like air, water, land, and soil.

The correct matches are:

Therefore, the spheres divide the places and areas.

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The complete question is attached to the image below.

Answer:All biological reactions within human cells depend on enzymes. Their power as catalysts enables biological reactions to occur usually in milliseconds

Explanation:i hope this helps :)

Enzymes are proteins that aid in the acceleration of metabolic processes, also known as the chemical reactions that take place in our bodies without which an organism will perish.

Proteins are known as enzymes, and they play the role of biological catalysts by speeding up chemical reactions. The molecules on which enzymes may act are referred to as substrates, and the enzyme is responsible for converting the substrates into different molecules, which are referred to as products.

Enzymes are necessary for digestion, proper functioning of the liver, and many other bodily processes. Both an excess amount of a particular enzyme and a deficiency in that enzyme can be harmful to one's health. The enzymes that are found in our blood can also assist medical professionals in the diagnosis of illnesses and injuries.

Therefore, it can be said that  "without proper enzyme functioning, an organism will perish".

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Answer:

your awnser is c to remove carbon dioxide

An important Innovation that made it possible to pinpoint location at sea was latitude and longitude.

The geographic coordinate system is a spherical or ellipsoidal coordinate system used to measure and communicate positions on Earth as latitude and longitude. It is the simplest, oldest, and most widely used of the various spatial reference systems in use, and serves as the foundation for the majority of others.

Latitudes are horizontal lines that indicate how far north or south of the equator you are. Longitudes are vertical lines that run east or west of the Greenwich Meridian in England. Cartographers, geographers, and others can use latitude and longitude together to locate points or places on the globe.

Latitude lines are measured in degrees north or south of the equator, up to 90 degrees at the North and South poles.

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Answer:

Plantets/Stars, Solar System, Galaxy, Universe

Explanation:

Answer:

Planet stars

solar system

Galaxy

Universe

Explanation:

D water is plit ( H2O=H+&O2

The absorption spectrum of a molecule is independent of the excitation intensity because it depends on the molecule's inherent properties and energy levels, rather than the amount of light energy provided.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. The absorption spectrum is a plot of the absorption of light by a molecule as a function of wavelength or frequency.
2. When a molecule absorbs light, it transitions from a lower energy state to a higher energy state. This is called an electronic transition.
3. Each molecule has specific energy levels and can only absorb light of certain wavelengths or frequencies that match the energy difference between these levels.
4. The absorption spectrum is determined by these energy level differences and the probabilities of the transitions.
5. Excitation intensity refers to the amount of light energy provided to the molecule. Increasing the excitation intensity can increase the probability of a transition, but it does not change the inherent energy levels of the molecule or the energy differences between them.
6. Therefore, the absorption spectrum remains the same, regardless of the excitation intensity. It solely depends on the molecular structure and energy levels of the molecule, not the amount of light energy provided.

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Answer:

b is the answer

Explanation:

ph 7.5-8.5

No, If one light source displays more spectral lines than another it doesn’t mean that it contains more elements.

A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules.

Even a single element (like Hydrogen) has different spectral lines and therefore only one element could have various spectral lines for the various energy levels of that element. These energy levels are well known to astronomers and so it is easy to understand what and how many elements there are in that spectrum of the source. Spectroscopy is a huge source of knowledge about the stars. It may have more elements, or it may simply have heavier elements, which have more electrons than lighter elements and therefore a more complicated electronic structure, which allows for a far greater number of absorption lines.

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Answer:

It becomes naturally warm

Explanation:

Answer:

The question is incomplete, the missing part i.e. the environmental change is:

(A) biomagnification

(B) acid rain

(C) eutrophication

The answers are:

1. Acid rain- Chemicals react with water and oxygen that enter water systems.

2. Eutrophication- Nutrients in excessive amounts enter water systems, causing algal bloom.

3. Biomagnification- A high concentration of toxic chemicals is present in the bodies of animals at the highest trophic levels

Explanation:

1. Acid rain is an environmental disorder in which rainfall becomes acidic due to pollution. The pollution is as a result of the release of gaseous chemicals e.g sulfur, nitrogen oxide, which are produced by industries, into the atmosphere. These chemicals then react with water in the atmosphere to form acidic solutions, which then falls back as rain. Hence, chemicals reacting with water and oxygen that enter water systems describes ACID RAIN.

2. Eutrophication is the pollution of water bodies with substances containing chemicals like nitrogen, phosphorus etc. The chemicals, which are in excess, serve as nutrients to algae, which uses them to grow excessively forming a bloom called ALGA BLOOM. Hence, nutrients in excessive amounts entering water systems, causing algal bloom describes EUTROPHICATION.

3. Biomagnification refers to the build up or accumulation of toxic chemical substances in the body systems of living organisms higher up in the food chain. Pollutants like pesticides, herbicides flow into water bodies and are absorbed by certain aquatic organisms. When these organisms are fed on by consumers, the harmful substances accumulates in their tissues until it reaches a maximum concentration. Hence, a high concentration of toxic chemicals present in the bodies of animals at the highest trophic levels describes BIOMAGNIFICATION.

Answer:

1. Acid rain- Chemicals react with water and oxygen that enter water systems.

2. Eutrophication- Nutrients in excessive amounts enter water systems, causing algal bloom.

3. Biomagnification- A high concentration of toxic chemicals is present in the bodies of anima

Explanation:

In side cuticle or epidermis of a leaf, you would expect to find tracheid's.

Tracheid's are considered as the nonliving structure found in the xylem of the more ancient plant types, they are also found in seedless vascular plants like ferns, club mosses and many gymnosperms such as  pine, and cypress trees.

Hence , primitive element of xylem or fluid containing tissues, that consists of single elongated cell that has the pointed ends and a secondary, cellulosic wall that is thickened with a chemical binding substance known as lignin that contain pits with numerous primary cell wall. So, Tracheary elements (TEs) are known as the xylem that are highly specialized for transporting water and solutes up the plant.

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Answer:

Through food chains, the carbon that is in plants moves to the animals that eat them. Animals that eat other animals get the carbon from their food too. Carbon moves from plants and animals to soils. When plants and animals die, their bodies, wood and leaves decays bringing the carbon into the ground.

Explanation:

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Answer:

Sandstone does not react with Hydrochloric acid. The acid soaks into the rock because the rock is porous, filled with tiny holes. It is made up of tiny grains of sand cemented together by intense pressure.

Answer:

Please see following

Explanation:

Step 1: glycolysis

cuts glucose in half to create pyruvate

makes 2 atp

step 2:

If oxygen is available, then process: cellular respiration

occurs in the: mitochondria

is oxygen is not available, then: process- fermentation

which does not use oxygen so: anaerobic

occurs in the: cytoplasm

occurs in yeast cells products: alcohol

occurs in muscle cells: lactic acid

hope this helps!