In 1883, theodor w. Engelmann conducted a classic experiment in which he illuminated a filament of photosynthetic algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of the algae to different wavelengths of light. He then added aerobic, nonphotosynthetic bacteria, and noted that the largest groups of bacteria were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. Using what you know about photosynthesis and cellular respiration, which of the following would best explain the reason for the bacteria congregating in the regions with red and blue light?.
Answers
Bacteria congregating in the regions with red and blue light in Theodor W. Engelmann's experiment can be best explained by the fact that the algae were producing more oxygen in these regions. Low oxygen levels decreased leaf respiration losses and the percentage of soluble carbohydrates that were converted to polysaccharides throughout the entire plant
In 1883, Theodor W. Engelmann performed an experiment in which he illuminated a filament of photosynthetic algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of the algae to different wavelengths of light. After that, he added aerobic, nonphotosynthetic bacteria, and observed that the largest groups of bacteria were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
During photosynthesis, plants and other organisms with chloroplasts use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugar, releasing oxygen in the process. As a result, the areas that were illuminated with red and blue light produced more oxygen due to higher rates of photosynthesis. Since the bacteria used oxygen in cellular respiration to produce energy, they migrated to the areas with higher oxygen concentrations, such as the regions illuminated with red and blue light. This accounts for why bacteria congregated in regions with red and blue light in Theodor W. Engelmann's experiment.
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Related Questions
2. "The chick weighs 20 grams." The previous statement can be classified as an:
1. observation
2.Problem
3. Inference
Answers
A fruit fly egg has 5 chromosomes, how many are in a skin cells?
Body cell=____________________________= ____________________________=2N
Sex cell =______________________________=_____________&______________________=
___________________________=N
Answers
Answer:
Skin cell has 10 chromosomes.
Sperm cell has 5 chromosomes.
egg cells has 5 chromosomes.
Explanation:
If the fruit fly egg has 5 chromosomes, then the skin has 10 chromosomes because skin has diploid i. e. double number of chromosome. There is always haploid or half number of chromosome present in the sex cells such as sperm and egg cells of any organism. When the sperm and egg cells fuse together they formed the organism which is a diploid i. e. double number of chromosome.
Why would a turkey evolve to
not fly?
Answers
Over time, farmers have bred turkeys to have larger and larger breasts. A turkey breast gets stronger as it gets larger, but the animal's power-to-mass ratio diminishes, so it can't flap quickly enough to support sustained flight.
Select ALL the correct answers.
Which statements are true regarding an energy pyramid?
The number of producers is greater than the number of primary consumers.
The amount of energy at the primary consumer level is greater than the amount of energy at the
secondary consumer level.
The number of primary consumers is less than the number of secondary consumers.
The amount of energy at the producer level is less than the amount of energy at the primary
consumer level.
Answers
Explanation:
The number of primary consumers is less than the number of secondary consumers.
When are temperature differences between urban and rural land greatest? Why?
Answers
Answer:
The temperature contrast from rural to urban areas is typically greatest during clear evenings with light winds. Rural areas cool off much faster at night than cities, as urban areas retain a lot of the heat stored in roads, buildings and other structures.
Explanation:
PLS PLS HELP
An area surrounded by tall mountains contains a very large, isolated population of green and white peacocks. During the mating season, the male peacocks demonstrate flashy feather displays to attract females, who usually choose green peacocks over white ones. A biology student tabulates the following information.
Genotype
Plumage Color % of Population Allele Controlled Phenotype
FF or Ff
Dark green
84%
F (dominant)
Dark green plumage
ff
White
16%
f (recessive)
White plumage
Using this information, the student plans to use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to predict the allele frequencies in future peacock generations. Why would her research advisor have a problem with this? (2 points)
Group of answer choices
The student needs the percent of the population with the Ff genotype in order to find the F frequency.
Her research advisor would first want her to find the males' mating success rate for the calculations.
The peacocks are sexually selective when choosing mates, so future allele frequencies may drift.
Since the peacock population is isolated, its alleles would shift away from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Answers
Answer:
The peacocks are sexually selective when choosing mates, so future allele frequencies may drift.
Explanation:
would youn expect a plant to grow well in only pure green light? explain??
Answers
A plant would not grow well in only pure green light due to the lack of necessary wavelengths for optimal photosynthesis.
Plants primarily rely on photosynthesis to grow and produce energy. During photosynthesis, plants absorb light through pigments, such as chlorophyll, which is most efficient in capturing blue and red light. Green light, on the other hand, is often reflected by plants, which is why they appear green.
In pure green light, the plant would not receive the optimal wavelengths of light needed for photosynthesis. As a result, the plant would likely not grow well or efficiently since it wouldn't be able to produce enough energy for growth and development.
Therefore, it is unlikely that a plant would grow well in only pure green light. A full spectrum of light, including red and blue wavelengths, is needed for healthy plant growth.
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Souls are created by a three step process involving
Answers
Answer:
In the beginning, God created...
Explanation:
only Jesus Christ (who is God, robed in flesh) is able to create souls. Only humans have souls...that is why we are precious to Him...we are created in His image...sorry, I’m not meaning to seem like I’m preaching at you...because I’m not trying to...but I’m just telling you the truth.
Which type of mutation is this:
Original Strand: TTC AGC TAG
Mutated Strand: TTC AGC CAG
Answers
Answer:
substitution
Explanation:
It switched with T-C, nothing had gotten added on or deleted.
Some lizards have different size legs. Lizards with longer legs are able to better access food. Overtime
Lizards with short legs became less common.
What is the inherited variation?
please hurry
Answers
Answer:
Genetic variation is the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations. There are multiple sources of genetic variation, including mutation and genetic recombination.
Explanation:
The size of the lizards' legs is the inherited variation in this situation. It is likely that hereditary variables, which can be transferred from parents to children, are responsible for the variance in leg size.
What is an inherited variation?Genetic changes that are transferred from parents to children are referred to as inherited variation. Every person has a distinct set of genes that influence a variety of qualities, including physical attributes, behaviour, and disease risk. These genes, which a person inherits from both parents, are prone to chance mutations that happen throughout DNA replication and recombination.
In the aforementioned illustration, this genetic variation in leg length resulted in differential availability of food, with longer-legged lizards having better access to food sources. Because they had a harder time getting to food and might have been less fit, lizards with shorter limbs gradually decreased in population.
Therefore, the size of the lizards' legs is the inherited variation in this situation. It is likely that hereditary variables, which can be transferred from parents to children, are responsible for the variance in leg size.
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If this is the only possible means of cooling, how many kilograms of water per hour must be evaporated from an elephant's skin to keep it at a constant temperature?.
Answers
5000 kg of water per hour must be evaporated from an elephant's skin to keep it at a constant temperature.
Elephants only have pores between their toes as opposed to the glands and pores that most mammals use to sweat. They are able to lose far more moisture through evaporation and cool off more quickly by making all of their skin permeable. The elephant must evaporate 5000 kg of water per hour in order to stay cool.
Elephants must find a means to stay cool since they do not perspire. Elephants cool their bodies by using mud and water. By retaining the water and muck, their skin helps them control their body temperature. In addition to shielding them from the sun and insects, mud also serves as sunscreen.
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Concerning 'genetic plasticity'? ( Which is NOT TRUE or NOT relevant to this term?) This means a plant can interbreed with other varieties of the species Teosinte has a great deal of genetic plasticity, and this helped in the domestication of corn This is good for potential lines of domestication of that plant, because there will be many choices for cultural selection This means that a plant population has a lot of morphological variability (they can look different) from the same genetic seed stock
Answers
Because of this, there will be a lot of options for cultural selection, which is beneficial for potential lines of domestication of the plants is true. Option B is correct.
Human genetic variation may have an impact on the expression of these plasticity-related events and, consequently, their impact on reducing stroke disability because many of the neural signals that drive plasticity involve activating particular genes.
Because it works at the individual level, plasticity is often praised as a quick-response mechanism that will help organisms adapt and survive in a world that is changing quickly.
Brain plasticity can be broken down into eight fundamental principles. Evidence that various environmental factors, including sensory stimuli, psychoactive drugs, gonadal hormones, parent-child relationships, peer relationships, early stress, intestinal flora, and diet, influence brain development and function.
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Complete question as follows:
Concerning 'genetic plasticity'? ( Which is NOT TRUE or NOT relevant to this term?)
A. This means a plant can interbreed with other varieties of the species Teosinte has a great deal of genetic plasticity, and this helped in the domestication of corn
B. This is good for potential lines of domestication of that plant, because there will be many choices for cultural selection
C. This means that a plant population has a lot of morphological variability (they can look different) from the same genetic seed stock
What is gold an example of?
Answers
Answer:
Money, Power, and Death
Explanation:
Answer:
nonrenewable resource
Based on your observations, which molecules can diffuse across the dialysis tubing? Circle all that apply: a. ∣K∣ b. Starch c. Glucose
Answers
Based on the options provided, glucose (c) and K+ (a) can diffuse across the dialysis tubing, while starch (b) cannot.
Glucose is a small molecule that can pass through the pores of the dialysis tubing, allowing it to diffuse across the membrane.
K+ is a small ion that is also able to diffuse through the membrane. On the other hand, starch is a large molecule that is unable to pass through the pores of the dialysis tubing and therefore cannot diffuse across the membrane.
The ability of molecules to diffuse across a membrane depends on factors such as size, charge, and the permeability of the membrane.
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explain why acetals do not react with nucleophiles.
Answers
Acetals do not react with nucleophiles because they lack a carbonyl group, which is a characteristic feature of aldehydes and ketones that make them susceptible to nucleophilic attack.
Acetals are formed when an aldehyde or ketone reacts with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. The resulting acetal molecule has two ether linkages (R-O-R') instead of a carbonyl group (C=O). These ether linkages are relatively stable and do not undergo nucleophilic addition or substitution reactions.
In addition, the oxygen atom in an acetal is electron-deficient due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the two alkyl groups attached to it. This makes the oxygen less nucleophilic and less likely to undergo nucleophilic attack. Therefore, acetals are generally inert towards nucleophiles and can be used as protective groups for carbonyl compounds in organic synthesis, as they can be easily removed under mild acidic conditions.
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A recipe for a cake calls for both liquid and dry ingredients. If you are following the recipe, how will the order in which you add the ingredients affect the mass of the batter?(1 point) It will have no effect because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that matter cannot be created nor destroyed. It will have no effect because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that matter cannot be created nor destroyed. If you add the liquid ingredients first, the final result will have less mass than if you added the dry ingredients first. This is because the dry ingredients will dissolve in the liquid ingredients. If you add the liquid ingredients first, the final result will have less mass than if you added the dry ingredients first. This is because the dry ingredients will dissolve in the liquid ingredients. If you add the dry ingredients first, the final result will have less mass than if you added the liquid ingredients first. This is because the dry ingredients will be dissolved by the liquid ingredients. If you add the dry ingredients first, the final result will have less mass than if you added the liquid ingredients first. This is because the dry ingredients will be dissolved by the liquid ingredients. It will have no effect because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that the mass of the batter will be greater than the masses of the ingredients. It will have no effect because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that the mass of the batter will be greater than the masses of the ingredients.
Answers
It will have no effect because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that matter cannot be created nor destroyed.
Effect occurs on massThe order in which we add the ingredients do not affect the mass of the batter because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that matter cannot be created nor destroyed.
The mass of the batter remains the same due to the incorporation of same quantity of ingredients so we can conclude that option A is the right answer for this question.
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Answer:It will have no effect because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that matter cannot be created nor destroyed.
Effect occurs on mass
The order in which we add the ingredients do not affect the mass of the batter because the order in which ingredients are mixed will not change the fact that matter cannot be created nor destroyed.
The mass of the batter remains the same due to the incorporation of same quantity of ingredients so we can conclude that option A is the right answer for this question.
Explanation: 100% mark brainlist
If a fish possesses the ability to produce copious amounts of urine and the ability to move ions via active transport across the gills, what would be the expected habitat of the fish? Multiple Choice a. The fish would survive equally well in fresh and salt water. b. These traits are in opposition to each other and would not be possessed by one fish. c. Fresh water d. Salt water
Answers
The expected habitat of a fish that possesses the ability to produce copious amounts of urine and the ability to move ions via active transport across the gills would be c. Fresh water.
Freshwater fish must produce a significant amount of urine to maintain their internal salt levels as the salt concentration in their external environment is lower than in their internal environment.
This excess urine production helps them excrete excess water and retain the necessary salts for survival. An important adaptation for freshwater fish is the ability to transport ions actively across their gills. This ability allows them to take up salts actively from the water and maintain their internal salt levels.
If freshwater fish were unable to transport ions actively across their gills, they would be unable to regulate their internal salt levels effectively and would be at risk of dying.
In summary, the ability to produce large amounts of urine and actively transport ions across their gills are essential adaptations for freshwater fish to regulate their internal salt levels effectively and survive in their environment.
Therefore, the expected habitat of a fish with these traits would be fresh water.
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why is the δg of atp hydrolysis in the cell about twice as great as the δg of atp hydrolysis in a test tube under standard conditions?
Answers
The δg of ATP hydrolysis in the cell about twice as great as the δg of ATP hydrolysis in a test tube under standard conditions because in the cell the reaction is catalyzed by enzymes whereas in the test tube the reaction occurs on its own (spontaneously).
ATP hydrolysis is the reaction in which the breakdown of ATP occurs. This breakdown releases energy which is then used by the various processes of the body. This energy is due to the high energy phospho-anhydride bonds in the ATP.
Enzymes are the biological catalysts that fasten up the rate of reaction. This increase in the rate of reaction is fur to the reduction in the activation energy of the chemical reaction.
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If we call the amount of DNA per Genome "x", name a situation or situations in diploid organism in which the amount of DNA per cell is:
a. x
b. 2x
c. 4x
Answers
a: X amount of DNA per cell in haploid organisms (gametes) like sperms and eggs. b: 2X amount of DNA per cell in diploid organisms (diploid cells), during G1 or G2 phases of the cell cycle. c: 4X amount of DNA per cell in diploid organisms, during M phase or mitosis. It is also called 2C, which is the amount of DNA in two chromosomes sets (one maternal and one paternal) in a cell.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is an organic molecule that carries genetic information in most living organisms. DNA consists of two chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The amount of DNA in a cell varies based on the organism, the cell type, and its stage of development.
Given the above conditions, we can say that the amount of DNA per cell varies based on the type of cell and its stage of development. DNA replication is the process in which a cell makes an identical copy of DNA, which occurs before mitosis (cell division) in diploid cells. The amount of DNA per cell doubles during the S phase of the cell cycle.
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"If global warming sometimes seems like a distant or abstract threat, new research casts the phenomenon in stark, life-or-death terms. It predicts that in the absence of significant progress in efforts to curb emissions of temperature-raising greenhouse gases, extreme heat waves could claim thousands of lives in major U.S. cities. If the global average temperature rises 3 degrees Celsius (5.4 degrees Fahrenheit) above preindustrial levels — which some scientists say is likely if nations honor only their current commitments for curbing emissions — a major heat wave could kill almost 6,000 people in New York City. Similar events could kill more than 2,500 in Los Angeles and more than 2,300 in Miami. But the new research also indicates that if the U.S. and other nations take aggressive steps to limit warming, many of those deaths from extreme heat might be avoided. "There is, actually, still hope, and a very small window of opportunity" to keep global warming below international targets and prevent some heat-related deaths, said Eunice Lo, a climate scientist at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom." This article was published in 2019. Have things improved since then? This past summer, nearly 100 people died from heat-related issues in Vancouver B.C. and many others is Los Angeles and Florida. Comment on what action governments need to take to deal with this global emergency that impacts Canada as well.
Answers
The phenomenon of global warming has been casting a stark life or death shadow over many major U.S. cities. The increase in temperature due to the emission of greenhouse gases may cause an extreme heat wave that could claim thousands of lives in these cities.
Even if nations honor only their current commitments for curbing emissions, the global average temperature is expected to rise by 3 degrees Celsius, which some scientists say is likely.
A major heat wave in New York City could claim up to 6,000 lives, while similar events in Los Angeles and Miami could kill over 2,500 and 2,300 people, respectively, according to the new research.
However, if the U.S. and other nations take aggressive measures to limit warming, many heat-related fatalities could be prevented.
The article was published in 2019, but there is little evidence to suggest that the situation has improved significantly. Heat-related issues have claimed several lives in Vancouver, B.C. and many others in Los Angeles and Florida this past summer.
Governments should take several steps to deal with this global emergency that impacts Canada, including the following:
Take action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: Governments must commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions to reduce the impact of global warming. Carbon taxes, cap-and-trade systems, and other measures can be used to discourage the use of fossil fuels in favor of cleaner, more sustainable energy sources, such as solar and wind power.Adaptation measures: Governments must also take steps to prepare for the effects of global warming that are already occurring or are expected to occur in the future. This includes developing heatwave response plans, implementing urban heat island mitigation measures, and providing cooling centers for people at risk of heat-related illness or death.Public education: Governments should educate the public about the risks of heat-related illness and how to avoid it. Information about the best ways to stay cool, hydrated, and safe during a heat wave should be widely distributed, particularly to vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, children, and those with chronic health conditions.Learn more about global warming at
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I am confusion can someone help?
The recommendation is that 9 year-old children get 11 hours sleep a night.
A telomere from a child that gets 11 hours sleep a night is 8,000 nucleotides long.
How long would you expect a telomere to be in a child that gets 9 hours sleep a night?
Answers
Answer:
I believe it would be 6,000
What is the human female reproductive system is adapted for? A. Production of zygotes in ovaries B. External fertilization of gametes C. Production of milk for a developing embryo D. Transport of oxygen through a placenta to a fetus
Answers
What’s the one link between osmosis and chlorela?
Answers
Answer:
Chlorella vulgaris broth harvesting via standalone forward osmosis using seawater draw solution.
anabolism vs catabolism What is difference?
Answers
Anabolism and catabolism are two opposing metabolic processes in living organisms. Anabolism is the process of building complex molecules from simpler ones, while catabolism is the process of breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones.
In anabolism, the body uses energy to synthesize complex molecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides from simpler molecules like amino acids, nucleotides, and monosaccharides. This process requires energy and is usually used for growth, repair, and maintenance of the body.
In catabolism, the body breaks down complex molecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides into simpler ones like amino acids, nucleotides, and monosaccharides. This process releases energy which can be used for various physiological functions like muscle contraction, cellular respiration, and body temperature regulation.
In summary, anabolism and catabolism are two opposing processes that occur in living organisms. Anabolism builds complex molecules from simpler ones and requires energy, while catabolism breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones and releases energy.
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Which of the following processes is driven by the energy from Earth's interior?
A.) Photosynthesis
B.) Melting of rock
C.) Beach erosion
D. Decomposition
Answers
Answer: Decomposition
Explanation: It is
The interior heat energy of the Earth drives processes like melting, crystallization, and deformation that alter the atomic structure of rocks, hence option b is correct.
What is energy from Earth's interior?Rock material to the Earth's surface where it is exposed to surface processes like weathering and erosion.
Only a few factors account for the majority of the energy in the Earth's system: solar energy, gravity, radioactive decay, and the rotation of the Earth.
Many surface processes, including winds, currents, the hydrologic cycle, and the entire climate system, are powered by solar energy.
Therefore, Melting of rock, volcanism, metamorphism, and plate tectonics are examples of internal processes that are driven by energy from within the earth.
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you perform a two-factor cross of two true breeding plants, one with bumpy leaves and stinky flowers (bbff) and one with smooth leaves and unscented flowers (bbff). assume bumpy and stinky are dominant since those are capitalized.
Answers
In the given scenario, you perform a two-factor cross of two true breeding plants, one with bumpy leaves and stinky flowers (bbff) and one with smooth leaves and unscented flowers (bbff). The two-factor cross examines two different traits. One from each parent, that is, bumpy/smooth leaves and stinky/unscented flowers.
Here, bumpy and stinky are dominant because those are capitalized.
The phenotype of the F1 generation will be bumpy leaves and stinky flowers.
This generation will be heterozygous for both traits, that is, BbFf. To determine the phenotype of the F2 generation, the genes from each trait must be examined separately. First, the Bb heterozygotes for leaves are crossed with one another:
Bb × Bb.Bb Bb bB bbB bB bb
Since both B and b are dominant, the phenotypic ratio will be 3 bumpy leaves to 1 smooth leaves. For the second trait, the Ff heterozygotes for flowers are crossed with one another:
Ff × Ff.Ff Ff fF ff
Since both F and f are dominant, the phenotypic ratio will be 3 stinky flowers to 1 unscented flowers.
Therefore, the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation is 9 bumpy/stinky: 3 bumpy/unscented: 3 smooth/stinky: 1 smooth/unscented.
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Image Courtesy of 3D Science.com
Based on the image above, which of the following digestive system organs performs both mechanical and chemical digestion?
Answers
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Digestion begins in the mounth. Mechanical digestion is the actual chewing of the food, and the chemical digestion begins when the saliva secretes digestive enzymes.
In the pie chart below, which of the following represents the amount of Earth's surface covered by water?
A pie chart divided into four sections, labeled A, B, C, and D. Section A includes approximately 71 percent of the chart's area. Section B includes approximately 13 percent of the chart's area. Section C includes approximately 10 percent of the chart's area. Section D includes approximately 1.2 percent of the chart's area.
A only
B only
B and C
D only
Answers
Answer:
A only
Explanation:
Water covers most of the earth's surface and is why called as
"The Blue Planet"
Answer:
A
Explanation:
:)
segmentation in the ileum and relaxes the ____________ , allowing contents
Answers
Segmentation in the ileum and relaxes the ileocecal sphincter, allowing contents to pass from the ileum into the cecum of the large intestine.
Segmentation refers to the muscular contractions that occur in the small intestine, which serve to mix and break down food particles and help to facilitate nutrient absorption. The ileum is the final section of the small intestine, located between the jejunum and the cecum of the large intestine. The ileocecal sphincter is a circular muscle located at the junction of the ileum and the cecum, which regulates the flow of material from the small intestine into the large intestine.
During the process of segmentation in the ileum, the muscular contractions cause the contents of the small intestine to be mixed and churned, allowing for more efficient absorption of nutrients. When the ileum is empty, the ileocecal sphincter is contracted and closed, preventing the contents of the large intestine from flowing back into the small intestine. However, when the ileum becomes distended with material, the muscular contractions cause the ileocecal sphincter to relax and allow the contents to pass into the cecum.
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which of the following is true regarding the relationship between agriculture and climate?
Answers
Human civilization was able to do agriculture only when the temperature became optimum for the growth of crops. This was possible when the temperature of earth had decreased. Thus, the correct option is A.
Earth in its primitive days had a very high temperature because of which no life was able to sustain. However, with time, the temperature of the earth started decreasing gradually. As a result, life was able to thrive on earth.
Thus, when the temperature of earth fall to the level when vegetation became possible, that is when agriculture also flourished.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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Your question is incomplete. The full question probably might be:
Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between agriculture and climate?
A. Agriculture was facilitated by a decrease in global temperatures.
B. The drier conditions of the Holocene reduced the potential of crop-destroying floods.
C. Agriculture was able to be established despite highly variable temperatures.
D. The warmer, wetter Holocene was conducive to agriculture.