If extinction is a normal part of ecosystems, and mass extinctions have happened before, why should humans be concerned about the rising extinction rate? What do current extinctions tell us about our impact on modern environments?

The nitrosyl ligand in this complex is believed to be no rather than neutral, the oxidation state of iron in Na₂[Fe(CN)₅(NO)] is +3.

The oxidation state, often known as the oxidation number, in chemistry refers to the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all of its links to other atoms were entirely ionic. It describes how much an atom has oxidised (lost electrons) in a chemical molecule. The oxidation state might theoretically be positive, negative, or zero. Although nature does not contain fully ionic bonds, it does contain many strong ionic bonds, making the oxidation state a useful predictor of charge.

The "real" charge on an atom, as well as any other genuine atomic properties, are not represented by the oxidation state of that atom. This is especially true for high oxidation states, where the amount of ionisation energy needed to create a multiply positive ion is much more than the amount of energy available in chemical processes. A compound's atoms' oxidation states can also change based on the electronegativity scale that was used to calculate them. An atom's oxidation state in a compound is thus just a formalisation. Nevertheless, it is crucial to comprehend inorganic compound nomenclature conventions.

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The pH of the solution will be 10.47.

The pH of a solution is mathematically given as:

 pH = - log [\(H^+\)] of -log [\(H_3O^+\)]

Thus, in this case, with  [\(H_3O^+\)]  of 3.4 x 10-¹¹ M:

pH = -log 3.4 x \(10^-^1^1\) = 10.47

Thus, the pH of the solution will be 10.47.

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Answer:

\(\lambda=6.56x10^{-7}m\)

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, it possible to use the Rydberg equation in order to calculate the wavelength for this transition from n=3 to n=2 as shown below:

\(\frac{1}{\lambda} =R_H(\frac{1}{n_f^2}-\frac{1}{n_i^2} )\)

Thus, we plug in the corresponding energy levels and the Rydberg constant to obtain:

\(\frac{1}{\lambda} =10973731.6m^{-1}(\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2} )\\\\\frac{1}{\lambda} =1524129.4m^{-1}\\\\\lambda=\frac{1}{1524129.4m^{-1}} \\\\\lambda=6.56x10^{-7}m\)

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Answer:

a) clockwise

b) clockwise and

c) anticlockwise

Answer:

The cytoplasm

Explanation:

Cytoplasm is the gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell. It is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules. Some intracellular organelles, such the nucleus and mitochondria, are enclosed by membranes that separate them from the cytoplasm.

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Nick can explain to his daughter Layla that the sun left the sky and turned it dark because of a natural process called the day-night cycle.

The Earth rotates on its axis, and as it does so, different parts of the world face the sun, experiencing daylight. When the Earth continues to rotate and their location faces away from the sun, they experience night, and the sky turns dark. The best explanation for why the sky is now dark is that it is nighttime, and their part of the Earth is not facing the sun.

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The value of ΔGrxn for the given reaction is -156.74 kJ·mol-1 at 25 °C.

To calculate ΔGrxn for the given reaction, we can use the following equation:

ΔGrxn = ΣnΔfG(products) - ΣmΔfG(reactants)

where ΔfG is the standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation, n and m are the stoichiometric coefficients of the products and reactants respectively.

Let's start by writing the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

\(SO_2(g) + 2 H_2(g)\) → \(S(s) + 2 H_2O(g)\)

Now we can use the given values of ΔfG to calculate ΔGrxn:

ΔGrxn = [ΔfG(S) + 2ΔfG(\(H_2O\))] - [ΔfG(\(SO_2\)) + 2ΔfG(\(H_2\))]

ΔGrxn = [0 + 2(-228.57 kJ·mol-1)] - [-300.4 kJ·mol-1 + 2(0)]

ΔGrxn = -457.14 kJ·mol-1 + 300.4 kJ·mol-1

ΔGrxn = -156.74 kJ·mol-1

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Answer: nowhere from trees

Explanation:

The equivalent energy (Eb) of the mass defect of an atom of 18 8o is 1.12 x 10^-11 Joules.

The equivalent energy (Eb) of the mass defect of an atom can be calculated using Einstein's famous equation E=mc². To find the mass defect of an atom of 18 8o, we need to subtract the mass of its individual protons, neutrons, and electrons from the mass of the atom.

The mass of 18 8o can be found in the periodic table, which is 17.99916 atomic mass units (amu). The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom of 18 8o is 18 (since oxygen has 8 protons and 10 neutrons).

The mass of 18 individual protons and 10 individual neutrons can also be found in the periodic table, which is 18.01528 amu and 15.01801 amu, respectively. The mass of 8 electrons is negligible compared to the mass of the protons and neutrons.

Therefore, the mass defect of an atom of 18 8o can be calculated as:

mass defect = (18 x 1.00728 amu) + (10 x 1.00867 amu) - 17.99916 amu
mass defect = 0.1255 amu

Now, to calculate the equivalent energy (Eb) of the mass defect, we simply plug the mass defect value into Einstein's equation:

Eb = (0.1255 amu) x (1.66054 x 10^-27 kg/amu) x (299,792,458 m/s)^2
Eb = 1.12 x 10^-11 J

Therefore, the equivalent energy (Eb) of the mass defect of an atom of 18 8o is 1.12 x 10^-11 Joules.

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Florence is only able to find 0. 015 m aqueous ki/i2 on the reagent cart, so they perform a dilution by combining 10 ml of water and 10 ml of the available reagent. They now have 0. 0075 m aqueous ki/i2 which can be used at station there is no difference in the chemical composition of the solution because water was already present in the solution.

Florence is a type of flask used as an item of laboratory glassware and is named after the city Florence. here Florence flask is only able to find 0. 015 m aqueous Ki/i2 on the reagent cart they perform a dilution by combining 10 ml of water and 10 ml of the available reagent They now have 0. 0075 m aqueous Ki/i2 which can be used at station there is no difference  because water was already present in the solution water is only present on the reagent cart.

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To determine the concentration of ions in the cathode's solution of a galvanic cell, you need to use the Nernst equation:

E_cell = E°_cell - (RT/nF) * ln(Q)
where:
E_cell = non-standard cell potential
E°_cell = standard cell potential
R = gas constant (8.314 J/mol*K)
T = temperature in Kelvin (337 K)
n = number of electrons transferred in the reaction
F = Faraday's constant (96,485 C/mol)
Q = reaction quotient, which is the ratio of the concentration of products to reactants.
Unfortunately, you did not provide values for the non-standard cell potential (E_cell), standard cell potential (E°_cell), number of electrons transferred (n), or the concentration of ions at the anode. Please provide these values so I can help you calculate the concentration of ions in the cathode's solution.

Concentration is a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. It can be expressed in various units such as molarity, molality, mass/volume, and percent. Concentration plays a crucial role in chemical reactions and properties such as osmosis, colligative properties, and solubility.

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The boiling points of the compounds, ranked from lowest to highest, are CO2, LiF, and H2O.

A boiling point is a physical property that reflects the strength of intermolecular forces in a substance. It is influenced by factors such as molecular size, polarity, and the presence of hydrogen bonding. By analyzing the given compounds—CO2 (carbon dioxide), LiF (lithium fluoride), and H2O (water)—we can determine their relative boiling points.

CO2 is a nonpolar molecule composed of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. It exhibits London dispersion forces, which are weaker compared to other intermolecular forces. As a result, CO2 has the lowest boiling point among the three compounds.

LiF is an ionic compound consisting of lithium cations (Li+) and fluoride anions (F-). Ionic compounds have strong electrostatic attractions between ions, resulting in high boiling points. Therefore, LiF has a higher boiling point compared to CO2.

H2O is a polar molecule with two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. It exhibits hydrogen bonding due to the presence of polar O-H bonds. Hydrogen bonding is a strong intermolecular force, leading to higher boiling points. Consequently, H2O has the highest boiling point among the three compounds.

In summary, the boiling points of the compounds, ranked from lowest to highest, are CO2, LiF, and H2O.

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The chemical equation that depicts a balanced chemical reaction is the one in choice B.

In this choice, the same number of atoms of each elements is in both, reactants and products sides, which means that the law of conservation of mass is fulfilled.

The correct answer is choice B.

Answer:

78,300 cals.

Explanation:

540 cals of heat reqd to convert1 gm of water at 100 deg C so 540 x 145 = 78,300 cals.

Answer:

The answer is 78,300 calories.

540 calories of heat are required to transform one gram of water at 100 degrees Celsius, so 540 x 145 = 78,300 cal

Explanation:

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Answer:

Landslide

Explanation:

its most destructive because its various rocks falling and it goes blammow

Answer: the answer is C

Landslide

Explanation:

Answer:

2.62 atm

Explanation:

1 atm = 14.6959 psi

38.5 / 14.6959 = 2.62 atm

False, hydrogen bonds do play a role in protein structure, but they do not link individual amino acids together.

Hydrogen bonds are a type of chemical bond that occur when a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge is attracted to an electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, with a partial negative charge.

This attraction results in a weak bond between the two atoms, with the hydrogen atom acting as a bridge between the two electronegative atoms.

Hydrogen bonds play an important role in many biological processes. For example, they help to stabilize the three-dimensional structure of proteins and nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. They also play a role in the properties of water, such as its high boiling point and surface tension.

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Oxygen of 0.28 liters will be required to react with 0.56 liters of sulfur dioxide.

To determine the number of liters of oxygen required to react with sulfur dioxide, we need to examine the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulfur dioxide (\(SO_2\)) and oxygen (\(O_2\)).

The balanced equation is:

2 \(SO_2\)+ O2 → 2 \(SO_3\)

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of sulfur dioxide react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 2 moles of sulfur trioxide.

We can use the concept of stoichiometry to calculate the volume of oxygen required. Since the ratio between the volumes of gases in a reaction is the same as the ratio between their coefficients in the balanced equation, we can set up a proportion to solve for the volume of oxygen.

The given volume of sulfur dioxide is 0.56 liters, and we need to find the volume of oxygen. Using the proportion:

(0.56 L \(SO_2\)) / (2 L \(SO_2\)) = (x L \(O_2\)) / (1 L \(O_2\)2)

Simplifying the proportion, we have:

0.56 L \(SO_2\)= 2x L \(O_2\)

Dividing both sides by 2:

0.56 L \(SO_2\)/ 2 = x L \(O_2\)

x = 0.28 L \(O_2\)

Therefore, 0.28 liters of oxygen will be required to react with 0.56 liters of sulfur dioxide.

It's important to note that this calculation assumes that the gases are at the same temperature and pressure and that the reaction goes to completion. Additionally, the volumes of gases are typically expressed in terms of molar volumes at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 22.4 liters/mol.

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Answer:

2

Explanation:

what do you need answers too ?

The values of  enthalpy change, entropy change and  temperature all determine the spontenity of a reaction.

A sponteanous reaction is one which has the change in free energy as negative. We know that ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. The spontenity of a reaction depends on;

i. enthalpy change

ii. entropy change

iii. temperature

Since the values in the qestion are not given, the question is incomplete and we can not obtain a numerical value in order to decide the sponteanity of the reaction.

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The half-life of the unknown radioactive sample is approximately 1.16 hours.

To determine the half-life of the unknown radioactive sample that decreases in activity by a factor of six in a three-hour period, we can follow these steps:

1. Recognize that the given information is about the decay factor, not the half-life. In this case, the decay factor is 6.
2. Determine the number of half-lives (n) it takes for the sample to decay by a factor of 6. The formula for decay factor is: (1/2)^n = decay factor.
3. Plug in the decay factor and solve for n: (1/2)^n = 6.
4. Use logarithms to solve for n: n = log(6) / log(1/2) ≈ 2.585.
5. Now that we have the number of half-lives, we can find the half-life (t) by dividing the total time (T) by the number of half-lives: t = T/n.
6. Plug in the total time (3 hours) and n (2.585) to find the half-life: t = 3/2.585 ≈ 1.16 hours.

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Answer:

ionic bond

Explanation:

Answer:

4

Explanation:

The pH scale is linear and is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

A pH value less than 7 indicates acidity, while a pH value greater than 7 indicates alkalinity. The pH scale is not based on the salinity of a solution, but rather the concentration of hydrogen ions.

It is used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance, such as water, by quantifying the concentration of hydrogen ions present.

The lower the pH value, the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions and the more acidic the solution. Conversely, the higher the pH value, the lower the concentration of hydrogen ions and the more alkaline the solution.

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Answer:

Conduction heat transfer is the transfer of heat through matter

Explanation: In another ward, conduction is the transfer of energy from the more energetic to less energetic particles of a substance due to interaction between the particles.

The half-life of the radioactive Indium-111 is 2.5 days

N × 2ⁿ = N₀

0.1 × 2ⁿ = 3.2

Divide both side by 0.1

2ⁿ = 3.2 / 0.1

2ⁿ = 32

2ⁿ = 2⁵

n = 5

t½ = t / n

t½ = 12.5 / 5

t½ = 2.5 days

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The half-life of the radioactive sample is approximately 2.5 days.

Data;

The half-life of a radioactive of a radioactive sample is the time it takes for the sample to decay to half it's original size.

Let us solve for the decay constant.

\(k=\frac{2.303}{t}*log\frac{x}{y}\\ K = \frac{2.303}{12.5}*log\frac{3.2}{0.1}\\ k = 0.2773 days^-^1\)

Using the decay constant, we can solve for the half-life of the In-111.

\(T_\frac{1}{2} = \frac{0.693}{k}\\ T\frac{1}{2} = \frac{0.693}{0.2773} = 2.499day\\ T\frac{1}{2} = 2.5\)

The half-life of the radioactive sample is approximately 2.5 days.

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