how many valence electrons does tungsten have

Rutherford's model of atom could not explain chemical properties as it did not make any mention as to how chemical changes take place.

These properties are defined as those properties which become evident during or after a chemical reaction after the identity of the substance is changed during chemical reaction.

These properties cannot be determined externally just by viewing the substance ,these change immensely after a substance undergoes a chemical change.These are used for identification of unknown substances and for building up chemical classifications.

The major chemical properties are flammability,toxicity,reactivity,acidity and heat of combustion.For a chemical property to be apparent , it is necessary that the structure of the substance is altered.

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The molecule expand to relieve steric strain before undergoing torsion to a non-planar structure in order to have several resonating structures.

It should be noted that a molecule simply mean the group of atoms that are bonded together that represents the smallest fundamental unit if the chemical compound.

It should be noted that structures containing fused benzene rings have extensive conjugation. Due to this, they can undergo resonance.

This is vital in decreasing the overall energy of the molecule and helps increase its stability. When there's a change in torsion angle to relieve the steric strain, the molecule won't be planar, hence, the energy will increase and the stability will reduce.

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Protons and neutrons are particles that are approximately the same size, while electrons are much smaller. As a result, the correct option is C, neutrons.

The mass of an atom is concentrated in its nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons. Electrons revolve around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons are much smaller than the nucleus of an atom, which is made up of protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are similar in mass, while electrons are considerably less massive. The correct answer is option C, which is neutrons, because protons and electrons are not similar in mass. In fact, electrons are about 1800 times less massive than protons and neutrons. Quarks are the smallest particles that make up the particles that form atoms. These particles come in six different flavours and are held together by other particles known as gluons. However, quarks' masses are not similar to one another.

Electrons, which are much less massive than protons and neutrons, and quarks, which do not have equivalent masses, are not particles of almost equal mass. Consequently, option C, neutrons, is the correct answer.

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The reaction equation is the chemical formula of reagents and product substances  

A reaction coefficient is a number in the chemical formula of a substance involved in the reaction equation. The reaction coefficient is useful for equalizing reagents and products  

Mol ratio :

Pbs : O₂ : PbO : SO₂ = 2 : 3 : 2 : 2

mol PbO

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{2}\times 2.4=2.4\)

mol SO₂

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{2}\times 2.4=2.4\)

mol PbO

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{3}\times 2.4=1.6\)

mol SO₂

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{3}\times 2.4=1.6\)

(c) 5.3 mol PbS

mol PbO

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{2}\times 5.3=5.3\)

mol SO₂

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{2}\times 5.3=5.3\)

mol PbO

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{3}\times 5.3=3.53\)

mol SO₂

\(\tt \dfrac{2}{3}\times 5.3=3.53\)

Answer:

Explanation:Compounds between Nonmetals and Nonmetals

Compounds that consist of a nonmetal bonded to a nonmetal are commonly known as Molecular Compounds, where the element with the positive oxidation state is written first. In many cases, nonmetals form more than one binary compound, so prefixes are used to distinguish them.

# of Atoms 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Prefixes Mono- Di- Tri- Tetra- Penta- Hexa- Hepta- Octa- Nona- Deca-

the compounds are covalent, not ionic

Answer:

it is b

Explanation: As the carbon dioxide is released, calcite is precipitated or redeposited on cave walls, ceilings and floors. As the redeposited minerals build up after countless water drops, a stalactite is formed.

Answer:

1.20 mole

Explanation:

1 Mole of Cu reacts to form  =  1 Mole of Hg

(1.20 mol × 1 mol) ÷ 1 mol

1.20 mol of Hg

Explanation:

LESS OZONE DEPLETION IN ARTIC

The wintertime temperatures in the Arctic stratosphere are not persistently low for as many weeks as over Antarctica

THREE CAUSES OF DEPLETION OF OZONE LAYER

The main reasons for the ozone hole are chlorofluorocarbons, carbon tetrachloride, methyl bromide and hydrochlorofluorocarbons.

The balanced chemical equation for the single replacement reaction of solid lithium and aqueous magnesium nitrate is:

2Li(s) + Mg(NO3)2(aq) → Mg(s) + 2LiNO3(aq)

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of Li react with 1 mole of Mg(NO3)2 to produce 1 mole of Mg and 2 moles of LiNO3.

First, we need to determine the number of moles of Mg(NO3)2 in 75.0 grams:

m = mass / molar mass

m = 75.0 g / 148.31 g/mol

m = 0.5053 mol Mg(NO3)2

Since 2 moles of Li react with 1 mole of Mg(NO3)2, we need half as many moles of Li:

n(Li) = 0.5 x n(Mg(NO3)2)

n(Li) = 0.5 x 0.5053 mol

n(Li) = 0.2527 mol

Finally, we can calculate the mass of Li needed using its molar mass:

m(Li) = n(Li) x M(Li)

m(Li) = 0.2527 mol x 6.94 g/mol

m(Li) = 1.75 g

Therefore, 1.75 grams of lithium will combine with 75.0 grams of magnesium nitrate in this reaction.

336.69 g ≈337 g

337 g is the theoretical yield.

2 Cs + Cl2 ---> 2 CsCl

Two moles gives two moles

Convert moles into mass:

molar mass of cs = 132.91 g/mol

molar mass of cl = 35.453 g/mol

molar mass of 2CsCl

= 2 * 168.36

= 336.72

Now,

2 Cs + Cl2           --->     2 CsCl

cl2 =70.906                  2 * 168.36

70.906                         336.72

If 70.906g of chlorine produces 336.72 g of 2CsCl,

70.9 g of chlorine produces how much 2CsCl?

70.906 g of Cl ≅ 336.72 g of 2CsCl

70.9 g of Cl ≅ X of 2CsCl

∴X = 70.9 × 336.72 / 70.906

X = 336.69 g

The theoretical yield of 2CsCl = 336.69 g

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Answer: PLease see answer in explanation column

Explanation:

FIRST STEP

We  find the grams ( mass ) of solute required to prepare the solution by using  the formula

grams ( mass ) of solute, g(CaCl2)= Molar mass x Molarity of the solution x Volume of the solution

Therefore Preparing 750 mL of 1.5 M calcium chloride solution, we have that Molar mass of Calcium chloride =110.98 g/mol

g(CaCl2) =110.98 g/mol X 1.5mol/L X 0.75L

g(CaCl2) =124.8525g CaCl2

SECOND STEP

Now Dissolve 124.8525g CaCl2 in about 350ml of distilled water then add more water until the final volume be comes 750ml

O2 can only be ionized by light with a maximum wavelength of 99.39 nm.

The ionization energy measures an element's ability to participate in chemical processes that call for the creation of ions or the donation of electrons.

ionization energy of O2 = 1205 kJ

energy = hv

= h × wavelength/speed of light

wavelength = 1205000× 3 ×10⁸ /6.626 ×10³⁴

wavelength = 99.39 nm.

He is symbolized by the highest ionization energy. The outermost shell has a high ionization energy, is stable, and does not frequently become unstable due to electron loss. Ionization can be induced by waves with energies greater than 134 nm. 225nm light lacks the energy to ionize gold because it is greater than 134nm.

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The orbitals that are usually the next highest in energy after the 6s orbitals are the 4f and 5d orbitals. This is a long answer, but it provides a thorough explanation.

The electronic configuration of elements is determined by the Aufbau principle, which states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy. In the case of transition metals, the 6s orbital is usually filled before the 4f and 5d orbitals. However, as we move across the transition series.

the energy levels of the orbitals change. The 4f and 5d orbitals become increasingly closer in energy to the 6s orbital, and at a certain point, they become higher in energy. Therefore, after the 6s orbital is filled, the next highest energy orbitals are typically the 4f and 5d orbitals. the orbitals that are usually the next highest in energy after the 6s orbitals are the 4f orbitals.

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Answer:

Acidic

Explanation:

pH from 0-6.9 are acidic substances

pH of 7 are neutral

pH above 7 to 14 are badic substances

Answer: Acidic

Explanation:

PH of 1-6 is considered acidic.

PH of 7 is neutral.

PH of 8-14 is considered basic (alkaline)

Answer:

coiled threads of DNA

Explanation:

Chromosomes are long stretches of DNA packed together by proteins.

The ingot's cube edge dimensions after the transformation are approximately 1.0315 meters (or 1.03 m) to the nearest millimeter.

To find the ingot's cube edge dimensions after the crystal structure transformation, we need to consider the atomic packing fraction of both crystal structures. Given that the f.c.c. atomic packing fraction is 0.74 and the b.c.c. atomic packing fraction is 0.68, we can calculate the change in volume.

1. Calculate the initial volume of the ingot:

  Initial volume = (1 m)³ = 1 m³

2. Calculate the final volume of the ingot (after the transformation):

  Final volume = Initial volume × (f.c.c. atomic packing fraction / b.c.c. atomic packing fraction)

              = 1 m³ × (0.74 / 0.68)

              = 1.0882 m³

3. Since the ingot remains a cube, we need to find the cube edge length corresponding to the final volume.

  Cube edge length = Final volume⁽¹/³⁾

                   = (1.0882 m³)⁽¹/³⁾

                   = 1.0315 m

Therefore, the ingot's cube edge dimensions after the transformation are approximately 1.0315 meters (or 1.03 m) to the nearest millimeter.

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The molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure is 22.4 L.

Molar volume is defined as the volume of 1 mole of gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP). The molar volume of a gas is represented by the symbol Vm.

It has a value of 22.4 L mol-1 at STP.

Hence, the molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure is 22.4 L. STP is defined as a temperature of 273 K (0°C) and a pressure of 1 atm (atmosphere) or 101.3 kPa (kilopascals).

Molar volume is important in various fields of study, such as chemistry, physics, and engineering.

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The great ocean conveyor belt is a model that describes how ocean currents circulate thermal energy around the Earth.

Thermal energy is a type of energy that is associated with an object's or system's temperature. It is the energy that is transferred between two systems or objects as a result of a temperature difference. Thermal energy can be transferred through three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through a material without the material itself moving. Convection is the movement of fluids such as air or water that transfers thermal energy. The transfer of thermal energy via electromagnetic waves, such as light or infrared radiation, is known as radiation.

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Answer: ^_^

Explanation:

its because during day time the ball becomes heated up and the air inside it try to come out as the heat air always try to go up swelling up the ball,

so in the evening when the air cools down the ball too cools down and air inside it also cools down making the ball feel soft,

Therefore, a football feels hard on a hot day but feels softer in the evening​

Hope it helped u,

pls mark as the brainliest

^_^

Answer:

its because during day time the ball becomes heated up and the air inside it try to come out as the heat air always try to go up swelling up the ball,

so in the evening when the air cools down the ball too cools down and air inside it also cools down making the ball feel soft,

Therefore, a football feels hard on a hot day but feels softer in the evening​

Hope it helped u,

pls mark as the brainliest

Explanation:

Answer:

0.000056g

Explanation:

1 mg = 0.001 g

Or if it helps move your decimal sign over left 3 places.

When the keto group in 9-fluorenone absorbs light, it releases energy in the visible region because the light's wavelength changes, giving the impression of color. Due to a lack of π-π* bonding electrons, the alcohol group in 9-fluorenone does not absorb light in the visible spectrum and is hence colorless.

Drugs that treat malaria are created using it. With the addition of glacial acetic acid and sodium hypochlorite solution and an oxidation process, it can be made from fluorenol. It is solid at room temperature and has a vivid neon yellow color.

In a semi-rural neighborhood of Portland, Oregon, during a series of four rainstorms in March and April 1982, fluorenone was detected in rainwater at an average concentration of 15 ng/L. (1).

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To determine the number of moles of oxygen in methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), we need to consider the molecular formula and the molar ratios of the elements. The molecular formula of MTBE is CH3OC(CH3)3. From the formula, we can see that for each molecule of MTBE, there is one oxygen atom.

Given that there are 67 moles of hydrogen in the sample, we know that the mole ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 3:1 according to the formula. So, for every 3 moles of hydrogen, there must be 1 mole of oxygen. Therefore, the number of moles of oxygen in the sample is 67 moles / 3 = 22.33 moles. Rounding to 2 significant digits, the number of moles of oxygen in the sample of methyl tert-butyl ether is 22.33 moles.

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The cell potential for the given galvanic cell is +0.401 V.

The cell potential for the given galvanic cell. Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Identify the half-reactions: In the given galvanic cell, the half-reactions are:
  - Anode (oxidation): H2(g) → 2H+(aq) + 2e-
  - Cathode (reduction): O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e- → 4OH-(aq)

2. Determine the standard reduction potentials (E°): You can find the standard reduction potentials for the half-reactions in a standard reduction potential table. For the given reactions, we have:
  - E°(H2/H+) = 0 V (as it is the reference value)
  - E°(O2/OH-) = +0.401 V

3. Calculate the cell potential (Ecell): To calculate the cell potential, use the equation Ecell = E°cathode - E°anode. In this case, it would be:

  Ecell = E°(O2/OH-) - E°(H2/H+) = +0.401 V - 0 V = +0.401 V

Therefore, the cell potential for the given galvanic cell is +0.401 V.

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: PM2.5 is defined as the mass concentration of particles in the air less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers in diameter.Question 15: False, carbon dioxide (CO2) is not considered a criteria air pollutant.

Question 16: The closest answer is 50%, but the exact percentage is not provided in the question.Question 17: The term "photochemical smog" is most synonymous with ozone (O3), which is a criteria air pollutant.Question 18: True, attainment of ambient air quality standards requires that measured concentrations at all monitoring stations within an air district are below ambient air standards.

Question 14 asks about the definition of PM2.5. PM2.5 refers to particulate matter with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers. It represents the mass concentration of particles suspended in the air, which are small enough to be inhaled into the respiratory system and can have adverse health effects.

Question 15 states whether carbon dioxide (CO2) is a criteria air pollutant. Criteria air pollutants are a set of pollutants regulated by environmental agencies due to their detrimental impact on air quality and human health. However, carbon dioxide is not considered a criteria air pollutant because it does not directly cause harm to human health or the environment in the same way as pollutants like ozone or particulate matter.

Question 16 asks about the percentage of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from mobile sources in Santa Clara County. While the exact percentage is not provided in the question, the closest answer option is 50%. However, it is important to note that the precise percentage may vary depending on specific local conditions and emissions sources.

Question 17 inquires about the criteria air pollutant most synonymous with the term "photochemical smog." Photochemical smog is primarily associated with high levels of ground-level ozone (O3). Ozone is formed when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight, creating a hazy and polluted atmospheric condition.

Question 18 addresses the concept of "attainment" of ambient air quality standards. To achieve attainment, measured concentrations of pollutants at all monitoring stations within an air district must be below the established ambient air quality standards. This ensures that the air quality in the given area meets the required standards for protecting human health and the environment.

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Answer:

I will assume that the moles are all mistyped and will change them to:

4.64, 25.9, and 2.73.

15.2 liters

Explanation:

Both situations can be described using the ideal gas law:  

PV=nRT,

where P, V, and T are the pressure, volume, and temperature (in degrees K).  n is the number of moles.  R is the gas constant.

First NO2 :      P1(25.9L) = (4.64moles)RT

Second NO2: P2V2 = (2.73moles)RT2

Divide one equation by the other:

(P1(25.9L)  =  (4.64)RT1)      

  P2V2 = (2.73)RT2          

The temperatures, pressures, and gas constants are unchanged, so we can cancel those to obtain:

(25.9L)/V2 = (4.64/2.73)

V2 = (25.9L)(2.73/4.64)

V2 = 15.2 Liters

The molecular formula of a molar mass of 127g/ mol is C9H18.

Let us assume 100g of an unknown compound.

Thus there is 37.83% × 100g/ 12.011 g\(mol^{-1}\) concerning carbon . i.e., 3.15. mol. C

In the same manner 6.35% × 100 / 1.00794 concerning hydrogen i.e., 6.29 mol. H

Thus the empirical formula, the simplest whole number ratio that defines constituent elements is a species as CH2.

Now the molecular formula is always a whole number multiple of the empirical formula:

Empirical formula × n = molecular formula

So

( 12.011 + 2× 1.00794) ×n = 127

14.02688 × n = 127

n = 9

So the molecular formula = 9 × CH2

                                          = C9H18

Therefore the molecular formula is C9H18.

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The nitrile with the formula C6H11N that contains two methyl branches on the same carbon of the main chain is called 2,2-dimethylpropionitrile.

It has the following structure: (CH3)2C(CH2)2CN.

In this molecule, the carbon chain contains three carbon atoms (propyl group), and there are two methyl (CH3) groups attached to the second carbon atom (from the left). The nitrile functional group (-C≡N) is attached to the third carbon atom of the chain.

Therefore, the correct name for this compound is 2,2-dimethylbutyronitrile, not 2,2-dimethylpropionitrile.

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