how many ice ages do scientist estimate have occurred during the last billion years

Answers

Answer 1

Scientists estimate that there have been approximately five major ice ages in the last billion years.

These ice ages are characterized by long periods of reduced temperatures and extensive glaciation on Earth. The five major ice ages include the Huronian, Cryogenian, Andean-Saharan, Karoo, and the current Quaternary ice age.

The Quaternary ice age began around 2.58 million years ago and continues to the present day. During ice ages, Earth experiences glacials and interglacials. Glacials are colder periods with increased ice coverage, while interglacials are warmer periods with less ice coverage. Currently, we are in an interglacial period called the Holocene epoch.

Understanding ice ages and their impacts on Earth's climate, geology, and ecosystems is crucial for scientists to comprehend the long-term climate variations and predict future climate changes. The study of ice ages also provides insights into the ways Earth's climate and biosphere have adapted and evolved over time.

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Answer 2

Scientists estimate that there have been approximately five major ice ages in the last billion years.

These ice ages are characterized by long periods of reduced temperatures and extensive glaciation on Earth. The five major ice ages include the Huronian, Cryogenian, Andean-Saharan, Karoo, and the current Quaternary ice age.The Quaternary ice age began around 2.58 million years ago and continues to the present day. During ice ages, Earth experiences glacials and interglacials. Glacials are colder periods with increased ice coverage, while interglacials are warmer periods with less ice coverage. Currently, we are in an interglacial period called the Holocene epoch.Understanding ice ages and their impacts on Earth's climate, geology, and ecosystems is crucial for scientists to comprehend the long-term climate variations and predict future climate changes. The study of ice ages also provides insights into the ways Earth's climate and biosphere have adapted and evolved over time.

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Related Questions

What are the characteristics that correctly describe great britain in the eighteenth century?

Answers

The characteristics that correctly describe Great Britain in the eighteenth century are Devotion to Protestantism, a Strong sense of national identity, common law, and Single political-cultural-economic capital.

In the 18th century, Great Britain saw many ups and downs. Along with some prominent characteristics such as Protestantism and political-cultural-economic capital, there were some other prominent aspects such as weak colonial government and lack of political will.

However, despite this, commerce, economy, and science made great advancements in the 18th century. American and French revolutions also made great impacts on the world's history during the eighteenth-century period.

During this period, the British government also maintained unrestricted power of the parliament along with political stability.

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What part of the Western food industry was among
the
first to start large-scale production?

Answers

In 350 B.C.E., Ancient Rome began the world's first large-scale manufacture of food. The Roman Empire's daily bread ration required such massive production since it was distributed to all residents. Close to 120 thousand Annona residents received daily loaves of bread at no cost. This is further explained below.

What is  Western food industry?

Generally, French cooking is the foundation upon which Western food is built. The traditional French culinary methods were updated by Auguste Escoffier.

In conclusion, In 10,000 B.C.E., the Fertile Crescent Company introduced agriculture to the Middle East. Wheat, barley, chickpeas, lentils, and cereal crops were among the many farmed crops produced by the enterprise.

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Historical Question: What was slavery like in South Carolina before 1865? Source 1: Interview with former slave in 1936. The interviewer is a black man collecting oral histories for the Federal Writers' Project. Source 2: Interview with former slave in 1936. The interviewer is a white

Answers

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

As the second source is incomplete and cannot be understood the way it was posted, we are going to focus on answering source number 1.

What was slavery like in South Carolina before 1865? Source 1: Interview with a former slave in 1936 -a black man collecting oral histories for the Federal Writers' Project.

According to this African American gentleman, slavery in South Carolina in 1865 was a tough condition for black people. South Carolina landlords had large plantations where black slaves had to work very hard for long hours. Since the early hours of the day until night, with very short periods of the recess to have meals. White owners were only interested in the production of crops to increase their wealth.

The African American gentleman said that before 1864, there were free African Americans in the countryside of South Carolina known as the "free blacks. However, their living conditions were difficult and the opportunities to grow couldn't be compared with the opportunities a white individual had in those times.

The Indian appropriations act of 1885 indigenous people

Answers

Answer:

The Indian Appropriations Act of 1885 was a law passed by the United States Congress that allowed Indian tribes and individual Indians to receive funds for various purposes. The act was passed after several attempts by the Oklahoman Boomers to enter Indian Territory. The Major Crimes Act was also passed in 1885 as the final section of the Indian Appropriations Act, which placed certain crimes under federal jurisdiction if they were committed by a Native American in Native territory. The act was the focal point of the Supreme Court case McGirt v. Oklahoma, which found that nearly half of the state of Oklahoma had not been disestablished as a Native.

Analyze the map below and answer the question that follows.


Image courtesy of NASA and the CIA World Factbook

The map above shows the countries of the Middle East. Which number on the map shows the location of Iraq?
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D.
4

Answers

Answer:

its C on edegenuity

Explanation:

Answer:

the answer is b

Explanation:

cross voting means voting for only candidates outside the party to which one belongs.truefalse

Answers

Answer: False

Explanation: cross voting refers to a behavior in which voters cast ballots for a party with which they are not traditionally affiliated.

why did things like writing spread easily between europe and asia? why did this not happen in the americas?

Answers

Answer: can i get your ig

Explanation:

According the quote, what impact did Thomas Paine have on the United States?
a. Urge colonists to accept the Albany Plan of Union
b. Provide a reason for ratification of the Constitution of the United States
c. Convince American colonists to declare their independence
d. Persuade France to aid the United States in the Revolutionary War

Answers

Answer: C. Convince American colonists to declare their independence.

Explanation:

Through his activism and political activities, Thomas Paine supported the feeling of patriotism among American colonists. It can be said with certainty that he was a revolutionary, considering that he started a vision of an independent state with his ideas. His works entitled "Common Sense" and "The American Crisis" greatly awakened American patriots to the idea of independence. Paine wrote under the auspices of the Enlightenment movement, inspired by ideas of freedom and independence.

the victorian shift in attitudes toward africa described by ferguson in source 1 was most strongly connected to which nineteenth-century development?

Answers

The Victorian shift in attitudes towards Africa, as described by Ferguson in Source 1, was most strongly connected to the rise of European imperialism and colonialism in the nineteenth century.

During this period, European powers were expanding their empires and seeking to exert control over territories around the world, including in Africa. This led to a shift in attitudes towards Africa, as Europeans began to view the continent as a source of raw materials, markets, and potential colonies.

As Ferguson notes, this shift in attitudes was also influenced by cultural factors, such as the rise of social Darwinism and the belief in European racial superiority. These attitudes were reinforced by European explorers and missionaries, who often portrayed Africa as a savage and backward continent in need of European intervention and guidance.

Overall, the Victorian shift in attitudes towards Africa was closely tied to the broader historical context of European imperialism and colonialism in the nineteenth century, as well as cultural factors such as social Darwinism and racial superiority.

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What do you think were the two most important short term consequences from 1450 – 1600 and the two most important long term consequences of the Columbian Exchange after 1600?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

In 1492, Columbus landed in the Americas, starting a period of exploration and ... to a large group of people within a population in a short period of time.

mediterranean influences of olive oil, green olives and capers are found in the region of:

Answers

Mediterranean influences of olive oil, green olives, and capers is the Mediterranean Basin, which includes countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, and Morocco.

The Mediterranean Basin is a geographical region characterized by a Mediterranean climate and is known for its rich culinary traditions. Olive oil, green olives, and capers are prominent ingredients in the Mediterranean cuisine, and their influences can be found in various dishes originating from countries within the region. Greece, Italy, Spain, and Morocco are particularly renowned for their production and use of these ingredients. Olive oil, extracted from olives, is a staple in Mediterranean cooking, used for sautéing, dressing salads, and marinating meats.

Green olives are often enjoyed as a snack or incorporated into dishes, adding a tangy and briny flavor. Capers, small flower buds preserved in vinegar or salt, are used to enhance the taste of sauces, salads, and fish dishes. These Mediterranean influences contribute to the distinctive flavors and culinary identity of the region.

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The improvements in mechanized farm tools led to

The improvements in mechanized farm tools led to

Answers

Answer: an increase in the demand for slavery in the south

Explanation: i got it right in my test

What are some of Martin Van Buren's strengths? HELPPPP!!!! This is due at 10

Answers

Answer:

Van Buren, who regarded himself as a disciple of Thomas Jefferson, was a member of the Jeffersonian faction of the Republican Party. He supported the doctrine of states' rights, opposed a strong federal government, and disapproved of federally sponsored internal improvements.

Explanation:

explain 2 similarities between public health in medieval britain and public health in the 19th century

Answers

Two things that were common with public health in Britain in the 19th Century as well as in the Medieval times are:

The level of hygiene was relatively very poor; as a resultThis lead to a lot of ill health putting life expectancy at below 50 years and 16.5% infant mortality.

What is public health?

The science of protecting and promoting people's and communities' health is known as public health. This is accomplished through the promotion of healthy lifestyles, research into illness and injury prevention, and detection, prevention, and response to infectious diseases.

Public health officers often work for healthcare providers or government organizations, and some of their primary responsibilities include: Individuals, families, and communities should be educated about health concerns and preventative actions. Make recommendations and advise patients about the appropriate assistance services for their issue (s)

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11. What influence has Shakespeare had on
modern culture?

Answers

Answer: A lot.

Explanation: His writings significantly contributed to the standardization of English grammar, language, spelling, vocabulary and literature. Shakespeare included approximately 1700 unique words into the language many of them are still used in modern time.

Answer: Shakespeare is responsible for inventing, popularizing, repurposing, and preserving thousands of common words in the English language.

Explanation:

His playful usage of language included combining two words to make a new one, changing verbs into adjectives, changing nouns into verbs, and adding prefixes or suffixes to words. Shakespeare included approximately 1700 unique words into the language many of them are still used in modern time.

What made it possible for the Great Zimbabwe population to grow?

Answers

Answer:

produced cotton and pottery. Because of its strategic location near these resources and trade opportunities, Great Zimbabwe grew larger than any surrounding town and became the capital city of the Karanga (Shona) nation. Great Zimbabwe declined in power in the early 15th Century.

what does it mean for jesus to be lord?

Answers

The term "Lord" is used as a title for Jesus, indicating that he is the supreme ruler and authority over all of creation. When people call Jesus "Lord," they are recognizing him as the Son of God and the one who has the power to save them from sin and death.

In Christianity, the word "Lord" is a title given to Jesus, which emphasizes his divine nature and his role as the savior of humanity. When someone acknowledges Jesus as Lord, they are recognizing him as the ultimate authority and ruler over all things.Jesus' lordship is demonstrated in several ways in the New Testament, including:Jesus has the power to forgive sins (Mark 2:10)Jesus has authority over all creation (Colossians 1:16-17)

Jesus is the one who will judge the world (Acts 17:31)Jesus is the only way to eternal life (John 14:6)In essence, when Christians say that Jesus is their Lord, they are acknowledging that he is the one who has saved them from their sins and given them eternal life, and they are committing themselves to following his teachings and living according to his will.

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PLEASE HELP!!
How did the Magna Carta limit the king's power?

:The king could not make laws.

:The king had to follow the law.

:The king was below the barons.

:The king had to answer to the pope.

Answers

Answer:

The king could not make laws

Explanation:

For centuries Magna Carta has stood for the principle that no man is above the law, not even a king. ... When the king is in violation, the barons have the authority to seize the king's properties by military force—or “distrain” him—until he complies.

The king could not make laws

In the Constitutional Convention of 1865, the delegates were overwhelmingly ____________________________.

Answers

In the Constitutional Convention of 1865, the delegates were overwhelmingly white.

What is the Constitutional Convention?

A constitutional convention is a meeting of elected delegates who come together to draft or revise a constitution or similar document for a governing body. These are called constitutional conventions because their primary purpose is to develop or amend a constitution.

A constitutional convention may also be used to make significant structural changes to a constitution that cannot be made through the normal constitutional amendment process. It is worth noting that, in the United States, the constitutional convention is a legal body that meets to amend or create a state constitution.

A constitutional convention is a distinct form of assembly, unlike a constituent assembly, which could draw up a completely new constitution, as well as a legislative assembly, which could only make minor changes to an existing one.

Hence, In the Constitutional Convention of 1865, the delegates were overwhelmingly white.

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What do you think the biggest difference is between a pilgrimage to Lourdes and a
pilgrimage to Iona? Give reasons for your answer.

Answers

Lourdes is mainly Catholic but lona is is a mixture of many types of Christianity. People go to Lourdes for healing but to lona for peaceful reflection and worship.

Who are the modern “muckrakers”?

Answers

Answer:

These are the journalists still known today as muckrakers.

Explanation:

Since 1945. Some today use "investigative journalism" as a synonym for muckraking.

1. Briefly describe the facts of the Plessy v. Ferguson case in 1896. What did the Supreme Court decide and what were the implications of the doctrine the decision established

Answers

In the Plessy v. Ferguson case of 1896, Homer Plessy, a mixed-race man, was arrested for refusing to sit in a segregated railroad car designated for African Americans.  The Supreme Court decided in a 7-1 decision that the "separate but equal" doctrine was constitutional.

Plessy argued that this violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. However, the Supreme Court ultimately decided in a 7-1 decision that the "separate but equal" doctrine was constitutional.

This meant that segregation was allowed as long as the separate facilities provided for each race were deemed equal in quality.

The implications of this decision were far-reaching and helped to establish the legal framework for segregation for the next several decades, including the Jim Crow laws in the Southern United States.

It would take many years and a civil rights movement before this doctrine was overturned by the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.

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Who traded with the colonies during the age of exploration specific people?

Answers

The Portuguese traded with the colonies during the age of exploration specific people.

Who was in charge of commerce during the Age of Exploration?

In Europe, the Portuguese had essentially secured a monopoly on the trade in spices, but their rule in Asia was brief. Asian traders continued their duty-free commerce while trying to minimize their interactions with Europeans.

During the period of exploration, the Portuguese traded with the colonies and with particular populations.

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According to the excerpt, how did the poison gas work to kill the soldiers?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

suffocation and deteria of the lungs and Imunde system

C. (quickly and effectively)

Explain how John Locke influenced the Constitution

Answers

Answer:he suggested the 3 branches of goverment, and a legislative contract and citizens

Brainliest?

Explanation:

Where have we heard the name David Ewing before

Answers

The name David Erwing would have been heard in relation to things such as journalism and literary writing.

Who is David Ewing ?

David Ewing Duncan is an American journalist, author, and commentator who has written extensively about science, health, and technology.

He is the author of several books, including "Experimental Man: What One Man's Body Reveals About His Future, Your Health, and Our Toxic World" and "When I'm 164: The New Science of Radical Life Extension, and What Happens If It Succeeds".

He has also written for numerous publications, including The New York Times, National Geographic, Wired, and Vanity Fair. In addition, he has worked as a commentator and correspondent for NPR, ABC Nightline, and other media outlets.

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This timeline shows 20th century genocide. Timeline of 20th century genocide. 1915, Armenian genocide. 1932, the beginning of genocide in Ukraine. 1933 to 1945, the Holocaust occurred. 1937, Parsley Massacre Dominican Republic. 1975 to 1979, Cambodian genocide. 1981, Start of the Mayan genocide in Guatemala. 1994, Rwandan genocide. 2003, Beginning of genocide in Darfur. What generalization can be made based on the information presented in the timeline

Answers

Answer:

No major genocides occurred during the 1950s and 1960s.

Explanation:

In the given timeline of the major genocides, the major events occurred during the first half of the 20th century. This was then followed by some years of rest which then again revealed the occurrence of such genocides from 1975 onwards, but mostly outside of Europe.

The longest duration of such genocides is the holocaust where millions of Jews were killed under the regime of Adolf Hitler. But this is not to say that the other genocides are less damaging or horrendous.

Based on the information presented in the timeline, we can make the generalization that no major genocide occurred during the 1950s and 1960s.

Answer:

A- No major genocides occurred during the 1950s and 1960s.

Explanation:

:) Have  a  great  day.

3. What city became the busiest port on the east coast?
A. Boston
B. Charleston
C. Baltimore
D. New York City

Answers

Answer:

New York City and New Jersey.

Explanation:

Furthermore, it is also the busiest port on the US East Coast and a key gateway to one of the most concentrated markets in North America.

The city grew rapidly, and by the 1750s Philadelphia was the largest city and busiest port in the original 13 American colonies.

the korean war:group of answer choicesended in a stalemate.was a decisive victory for north korea.was a decisive victory for the united states.

Answers

The Korean War ended in a stalemate. The correct option is A.

The Korean War was fought between North Korea, supported by China and the Soviet Union, and South Korea, supported by the United States and its allies. The war began in 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea, and it lasted until 1953 when an armistice was signed. The war resulted in a stalemate, with neither side achieving a decisive victory.

The war had significant impacts on both North and South Korea, as well as on the broader international community. The armistice agreement created a demilitarized zone between North and South Korea, and the two countries remain technically at war to this day. The war also had a significant impact on the United States, which became more involved in global affairs as a result of its intervention in Korea.

The correct option is A.

------------The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:

"The Korean war:
A. ended in a stalemate.

B. was a decisive victory for north Korea.

C. was a decisive victory for the united states."--------------------

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Militarism influenced many governments, leading to a(n)

Answers

Militarism influenced many governments, leading to an increased emphasis on military power and potential aggression.

Militarism influenced many governments, leading to a variety of consequences and impacts. One significant outcome was an increased focus on military power and the expansion of military forces. This often resulted in higher defense spending, the development of advanced weapons, and the militarization of societies. Militarism also shaped foreign policies, with nations seeking to assert their dominance and protect their interests through military means. This aggressive posture heightened tensions between countries and contributed to a climate of rivalry and potential conflicts. Furthermore, militarism influenced political systems, with military leaders gaining significant influence and in some cases taking control of governments. Overall, militarism had far-reaching effects on societies, economies, international relations, and the overall stability of nations.

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