How many gene pairs are in the human genome?

Answers

Answer 1

The genome is organized into 22 paired chromosomes, termed autosomes, plus the 23rd pair of sex chromosomes (XX) in the female and (XY) in the male.

The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome.

Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA sequences and various types of DNA that does not encode proteins. The latter is a diverse category that includes DNA coding for non-translated RNA, such as that for ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, ribozymes, small nuclear RNAs, and several types of regulatory RNAs.

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Related Questions

ang pogon na yari sa luwad ano ang ibig sabihin ng pugon​

Answers

Answer:

use English language please

Answer:

switch country to philippines so filipinos can help you..

cuz this is USA server brainly..

our body produces energy under conditions during the first few seconds of intense exercise

Answers

During the first few seconds of intense exercise, our body produces energy through the breakdown of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules stored in the muscles.

Our body produces energy during the first few seconds of intense exercise through a process called anaerobic metabolism, which relies on stored ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and creatine phosphate. This allows for rapid energy production, enabling our muscles to perform high-intensity activities. ATP is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction, and when it is broken down, it releases energy that is used to fuel muscle movement.

However, the supply of ATP is limited, and it is quickly depleted during intense exercise. To continue producing energy, the body switches to other energy systems, such as anaerobic glycolysis and aerobic metabolism, which can produce energy for longer periods of time but at a slower rate.

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The main source of information used by astronomers to learn about objects in space is A. electromagnetic waves B. Comets C. Meteorites D.Constellation

Answers

Answer:

electromagnetic waves

Explanation:

The main source of information used by astronomers to learn about objects in space is electromagnetic waves.

Who are astronomers?

"An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies – in either observational or theoretical astronomy."

What is space?

"Space is the zone above and around our planet where there is no air to breathe or to scatter light."

What are electromagnetic waves?

"Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field."

Telescopes makes use of lenses to collect waves from electromagnetic spectrum, including visible light, that allows astronomers to look at the celestial objects like stars, galaxies, and black holes. With the help of electromagnetic waves given off by objects astronomers will able to understand the universe in a better way.

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The number of different species and the number of individual organisms describes...

A. An ecosystem

B. The biome

C. The biodiversity

Answers

The number of different species and the number of individual organisms describes the biodiversity

What needs to happen first for fertilization to take place? The ovary releases an egg into the uterus. Sperm travels to the Fallopian tube. The protective covering of the egg hardens.

Answers

Answer:

To become pregnant, the following steps must occur: Sperm transport — The sperm must be deposited and transported to the site of fertilization. Egg transport — Ovulation must occur and the egg must be "picked up" by the tube. Fertilization and embryo development — Union between the sperm and egg must result.

Explanation:

How can evidence from an experiment be explained in relationship to the hypothesis?
• as a prediction
• as a question
• as an inference
• as a conclusion

Answers

Answer:

As a conclusion

Explanation:

A hypothesis is a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables. It is a specific, testable prediction about what you expect to happen in a study.  A hypothesis is a prediction based on the theory being tested. The evidence can support the Hypothesis or invalidate the Hypothesis.

Answer:

A conclusion

Explanation:

It sums up everything that you did

When individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than those with less favorable traits, ______ occurs.

Answers

When individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than those with less favorable traits, natural selection occurs.

Natural selection is a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology proposed by Charles Darwin. It is the process by which certain heritable traits become more or less common in a population over successive generations. Natural selection occurs when individuals with advantageous traits have a greater chance of surviving and reproducing, passing on those traits to their offspring.

The key components of natural selection are as follows:

1. Variation: Individuals within a population exhibit variation in their traits. These variations can be due to genetic differences, environmental factors, or a combination of both.

2. Selective Pressure: Environmental factors, such as predation, competition for resources, or changes in habitat, create selective pressures that affect the survival and reproductive success of individuals with different traits.

3. Differential Survival and Reproduction: Individuals with traits that are better suited to their environment have a higher probability of surviving and reproducing. They pass on their advantageous traits to their offspring, increasing the frequency of those traits in subsequent generations.

4. Heritability: The traits that confer a survival or reproductive advantage must have a genetic basis and be heritable, meaning they can be passed from parents to offspring.

Over time, through the accumulation of small changes and the elimination of less favorable traits, natural selection can lead to the adaptation of populations to their specific environments. This process is a driving force behind the diversity and complexity of life on Earth.

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What THREE traits do pcculations have that allow for natural selection?
3F

Answers

Answer:

a struggle for existence, variation and inheritance. These are said to be the necessary and sufficient conditions for natural selection to occur.

Explanation:

How does your body respond to a decrease in blood glucose

Answers

When blood sugar drops too low, the level of insulin declines and other cells in the pancreas release glucagon, which causes the liver to turn stored glycogen back into glucose and release it into the blood. This brings blood sugar levels back up to normal

______ 1. What law protects plant and animal species in danger of extinction? the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service c. the species recovery plan the Endangered Species Act d. the captive breeding plan

Answers

the answer is c

hope that this helps

Answer:

the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Explanation:

it assists with efforts to recover endangered species, conserve migratory birds, preserve wildlife habitat, safeguard fisheries, combat invasive species and promote international wildlife conservation.

Help i will give brainliest!!!!!

Help i will give brainliest!!!!!

Answers

Answer:

A bean plant

Explanation:

That's the chemical equation for photosynthesis.

65 points, please answer ASAP

65 points, please answer ASAP

Answers

cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria, the first stage in cellular respiration is glycolysis, it occurs in the cytoplasm and breaks down glucose

Double-stranded viral DNA is incorporated into a host cell as a _____. A. promoter B. provirus C. transposon D. lac E. homeoboxes

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Provirus B

A provirus made of double-stranded viral DNA gets incorporated into the genome of the host cell. The incorporation of viral DNA into the DNA of the host cell takes place during the lysogenic cycle of viral replication. Once integrated, the viral DNA is replicated during cell division alongside the DNA of the host cell and can then be translated and transcribed by the machinery of the host cell to make viral proteins. The provirus can hang about in the host cell's genome in a dormant state for a long time before being activated, which starts the lytic cycle and causes viral replication.

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hi could somebody help me

hi could somebody help me

Answers

Answer:

MOUTH:

Food becomes moistFood is cut into piecesFood is squeezed

STOMACH:

Proteins are broken downFood is mixed with acidCarbohydrates are broken down

I hope this helps :)

Explanation:

plz mark B R A I N L I E S T

Answer:

Mouth :

Food is cut into piecesCarbohydrates are broken downFood is squeezed

Stomach :

Proteins are broken downFood becomes moistFood is mixed with acid

hope it helps!

Dna barcoding is the identification of a species by the characteristic sequence of a standard short section of dna in its genome true or false?.

Answers

This is true I think

How much of your daily intake of cholesterol ok dose this shake provide

Answers

Answer:

300 milligrams

Explanation:

You have been given three plants: two produce solid black orchids, and one has grey petals. You cross each black-flowered plant to the grey plant with the following results F1 Parents black #1 X grey 87 solid black, 83 spotted black black #2 X grey all black You cross the solid black-flowered F1 plants from cross #2 with the following results in the F2: 132 black 35 spotted black 11 grey Devise the best genetic explanation for these results.
This cross is an example of (check all that apply):
a. recessive epistasis
b. incomplete dominance
c. codominance
d. recessive lethal allele
e. dominant epistasis
f. pleiotropy
g. multiple (>2) alleles of a gene
Depending on the number of genes you think are involved, use the symbols A or a, B or b, D or d, E or e, F or f for the first, second, third, etc genes.
Using these symbols (e.g. AAbbDdEEff) what is the genotype of the original grey plant?
Depending on the number of genes you think are involved, use the symbols A or a, Bor b, D or d, E or e, F or f for the first, second, third, etc genes.
Using these symbols (e.g. AAbbDdEEff), what is the genotype of the original black #1 strain?

Answers

The genotype of the original black #1 strain is AaBb, which is heterozygous for both genes.

To devise the best genetic explanation for these results, we need to use the Punnett square.Cross 1 (black #1 X grey) produces F1 with a phenotype ratio of 87 solid black and 83 spotted black. Since 87 + 83 = 170, we can conclude that this cross involves only one gene (also known as monohybrid cross).

We can now represent the cross 1 in the Punnett square:Aa x aa| A | a|----|---|a| Aa| aa|The F1 generation is Aa, which is heterozygous for the flower color gene.Cross 2 (black #2 X grey) produces F1 with a phenotype ratio of all black. This means that black #2 is homozygous for the flower color gene (since it only produces one type of offspring).The genotype of black #2 is aa.The F1 plants from cross 2 are also homozygous for the flower color gene because all offspring were black. Let's denote this as aa aa in the Punnett square.

Cross 3 involves crossing the F1 plants from cross 2 (aa aa) to obtain F2 offspring. The F2 phenotype ratio is 132 black: 35 spotted black: 11 grey. This is consistent with a dihybrid cross, which involves two genes (i.e. flower color and another trait).We can represent this cross using a dihybrid Punnett square.

Let's use the first Punnett square to represent the flower color gene and a second Punnett square to represent the second gene:Aa x Aa| A | a|----|---|A| AA| Aa|a| Aa| aa|BB x Bb| B | b|----|---|B| BB| Bb|b| Bb| bb|The F1 generation is AaBb, which is heterozygous for both genes. Let's now cross AaBb to obtain F2 offspring.AB Ab aB abAB AABb AaBb AABbAaBb Aabb Aabb aabbThe F2 phenotype ratio is 9 A_B_ : 3 A_bb : 3 aaB_ : 1 aabb, where _ represents any allele (A, a, B, b, D, d, E, e, F, or f). Since the observed ratio is 132:35:11, we can assume that the genotype of the original black #1 strain was AaBb, which is heterozygous for both genes.

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How is oxygen different from hemoglobin

Answers

Answer:

This is because the hemoglobin molecule changes its shape, or conformation, as oxygen binds. The fourth oxygen is then more difficult to bind. The binding of oxygen to hemoglobin can be plotted as a function of the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood (x-axis) versus the relative Hb-oxygen saturation (y-axis).Explanation:

copy and pasted

Answer:

one everything requires the other just red blood cells need

Explanation:

because dpression of answering peoples situations

a father carries the xga trait and passes it on to all of his daughters, but none of his sons. what type of inheritance does this represent?

Answers

All of a father's daughters acquire the xga trait from him, but none of his boys do. The inheritance pattern indicates X-linked dominance.

A dominant gene is carried by the X chromosome in a mechanism known as X-linked dominant inheritance, also known as X-linked domination. Compared to the recessive type linked to X, this pattern of inheritance is less noticeable.

The given statement would demonstrate the inheritance sequence's X-linked dominant form. The biggest positive reaction that can happen is hemolysis, which is rare but shows the existence of a powerful complement-fixing antibody. In transfusion medicine assays, the RBC agglutination is most frequently interpreted as a positive response indication.

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Explain why Euglenozoa cannot be classified as either plants or animals?

Answers

Euglenozoa are monophyletic group of flagellated protists as well as free-living, symbiotic, and parasitic species. According to genetic studies, Euglenozoa are meither plant nor animal despite the suffix zoa. They are somewhat the living dependent of a few of the primal unicellular organisms called eukaryotes. It is also a genus of unicellular flagellate protists where the word "unicellular" means that the organism consists of one cell only that's why they're not considered plant or animals.

Ana wants to make sure who between Mr. A and Mr. B is her biological father. Which Scientist should she seek?

Answers

Answer: a scientist who knows to check the dna

Explanation:

Because in your dna there are 46 nucleus in which 23 are mothers and another 23 are fathers so by checking mr a and mr b dna you can find out

Please help me i would really appreciate it.

Please
Compare and contrast mutualism and parasitism.

Answers

Answer:

Although these two may seem somewhat similar, in the broad view, they are two highly different terms.

Mutualism is the equally-beneficial state of the relationship between two organisms. This involves both of the organisms getting their needs sufficed and maintaining a healthy relationship.

Ex. Bee receiving nectar - Flower getting pollinated.

(Hint: Mutualism - Mutually/equally good for both.)

Parasitism is the solo-beneficial state of the relationship between two organisms. This involves only one of the organisms getting their needs sufficed, thus hurting the other organism in the process.

Ex. A flea gets food, shelter, and protection. - Dog feeling itchy, getting blood drawn from themself, and weakening their immune system to foreign substances.

(Hint: Parasitism - One organism acts like a "parasite" to another.)

Which of the following statements is true regarding active transport?
A. It does not use any of its own energy.
B. It uses some of its own energy.
C. It uses energy from other cells.
D. It uses the energy stored mainly in the nucleus.

Answers

Answer:

I think c

Explanation:

active transport uses energy from ATP which is not found in the nucleus. so we know it uses energy which is not it's own and ATP is not apart of the nucleus so that leaves c

Can we create effective vaccines or immunizations for lab made viruses? Or is it not possible because of the synthetic/man-made nature of the virus?

Answers

Yes, it is possible to develop effective vaccines for any type of viruses. Genetically engineered viruses exhibit similar characteristics to natural viruses.

What is a virus?

A virus is a genetically independent entity that needs a suitable host to reproduce its genetic material (either DNA or RNA).

A genetically engineered virus is a virus whose genetic material has been modified using genetic engineering techniques.

Vaccines can be developed for removing any type of viruses because they take advantage of the intrinsic properties of the immune system (i.e., antigen recognition), independently of its origin.

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what is pyrenoid?

good morning ​

Answers

Answer:

The pyrenoid, a dense structure inside or beside chloroplasts of certain algae, consists largely of ribulose biphosphate carboxylase, one of the enzymes necessary in photosynthesis for carbon fixation and thus sugar formation. Starch, a storage form of glucose, is often found around pyrenoids.

the yellow cast to the skin that indicates liver disease

Answers

The yellow cast to the skin that indicates liver disease is referred to as jaundice.

Jaundice is a condition characterized by a yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes that indicates an elevated level of bilirubin in the bloodstream. Bilirubin is a yellow-colored substance produced during the natural breakdown of red blood cells in the body.

When the liver is damaged, it is unable to process bilirubin effectively, leading to a buildup of bilirubin in the bloodstream, which causes jaundice. The yellowing of the skin is not the only symptom of liver disease.

Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, swelling, and tenderness, nausea, and vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, weight loss, and fever. The severity of the symptoms varies depending on the underlying cause of the liver disease and the stage of the condition.

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Which of the following is NOT true regarding cross-sectional studies? (2 points)
A. Good for generating hypotheses.
B. Not used for diseases that are rare or of short duration.
C. Permit the determination of population characteristics.
D. The temporal relationship between exposure and disease can be determined.

Answers

The temporal relationship between exposure and disease can be determined, option D is correct.

Cross-sectional studies are not suitable for determining the temporal relationship between exposure and disease. Cross-sectional studies provide a snapshot of data collected at a specific point in time, capturing information on both exposure and disease prevalence simultaneously. However, they do not follow individuals over time to establish a cause-and-effect relationship. Since cross-sectional studies collect data at a single time point, they cannot determine the sequence of events or whether exposure preceded the disease.

To establish temporal relationships, longitudinal studies are typically employed, where individuals are followed over time to assess exposures and track the development of diseases, allowing for better assessment of causality and temporal associations between exposure and outcome, option D is correct.

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If you placed a red blood cell in a hypotonic solution, you would predict that its volume would ____ while the solute concentration in its cytoplasm would ____. A. increase, increaseB. increase, decreaseC. decrease, increaseD. decrease, decreaseE. decrease, not change

Answers

Increase, decrease. The volume of the red blood cell would increase, while the solute concentration in its cytoplasm would decrease.

If you placed a red blood cell in a hypotonic solution, you would predict that its volume would increase while the solute concentration in its cytoplasm would decrease. In a hypotonic solution, the solute concentration is lower outside the red blood cell compared to the cytoplasm inside the cell. As a result, water molecules tend to move from an area of lower solute concentration (outside the cell) to an area of higher solute concentration (inside the cell) through osmosis. When a red blood cell is exposed to a hypotonic solution, water molecules will enter the cell, causing it to swell and increase in volume. The influx of water dilutes the solute concentration inside the cell, resulting in a decrease in the solute concentration in its cytoplasm.

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Carbon does not contribute much to the energy needs on Earth?
A.True
B.False​

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Carbon-Based Fuels Dominate Global Energy Use

Crude oil, coal, and natural gas supply about 85% of the energy used in the world.

False, the carbon is greenhouse gas to the energy needs on Earth

Need help solving my homeworkHow do cells determine what size to grow to before dividing?

Answers

Cells size can be determine at division through the timing of cell growth and the increase in cell growth. When there is an increase in cell growth, it will eventually lead to an increase in cell size. Cells should grow before dividing. The cell increase in size during interphase. If it does not grow, the cells does not have the ability to synthesize proteins for mitosis. Mitosis will not happen. If the cell did not grow, the cell ceases to progress and could die.

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