how does the masticatory-functional hypothesis explain the observed craniofacial changes in conjunction with the shift to agriculture? a. the grit in agricultural foods resulted in higher rates of tooth wear, and the craniofacial bones had to compensate. b. agriculture caused populations to move more, and new populations with different-shaped heads moved into different areas. c. as individuals consumed softer foods, this reduced the size of the chewing muscles, which led to changes in the underlying bone. d. consumption of agricultural foods caused brain size to increase, which led to various craniofacial changes.
Answers
the masticatory-functional hypothesis explain the observed craniofacial changes in conjunction with the shift to agriculture
C. as individuals consumed softer foods, this reduced the size of the chewing muscles, which led to changes in the underlying bone.
According to the masticatory-functional theory, the reduced strain on the chewing muscles caused a change in the shape of the skull. Two phenomena were brought on by the widespread practice of agriculture: a deterioration in the standard of nutrition and an upsurge in infectious diseases.The term "craniofacial" in medicine refers to the facial and skull bones. Birth malformations affecting the face or head are known as craniofacial abnormalities. Some congenital abnormalities, such cleft lip and palate, are among the most prevalent. Some are quite uncommon.
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What is the correct sequence of renal tubule segments through which filtrate would flow? Multiple Choice Distal tubule, ascending timb of nephron loop, descending limb of nephron loop, proximal tubule Collecting duct proximal tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending timb of nephron loop, distal tubule Proximal tubule, ascending limb of nephron loop, descending Imb of nephron loop, distal tubule Proximal tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending timb of nephron loop, distal tubule
Answers
The correct sequence of renal tubule segments through which filtrate would flow is B. proximal tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending limb of nephron loop, distal tubule.
The kidney consists of three primary sections: renal cortex, renal medulla, and renal pelvis, the renal tubule is a portion of the nephron that carries a filtrate away from the glomerulus. Each nephron in the kidney has a renal tubule, which is divided into four different regions. The four regions are the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct. The proximal tubule is the segment of the renal tubule that immediately follows Bowman’s capsule and is responsible for most of the reabsorption of nutrients and ions from the glomerular filtrate.
The descending limb of the loop of Henle is the second segment of the renal tubule, which is responsible for reabsorbing water. The third segment of the renal tubule is the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, which is responsible for reabsorbing ions, particularly Na⁺ and Cl⁻. The final segment of the renal tubule is the distal tubule, which is responsible for reabsorbing additional ions and regulating the pH of the urine. So therefore the correct answer is B. proximal tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending limb of nephron loop, distal tubule.
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The filtrate in the renal tubule flows in the sequence: Proximal tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending limb of nephron loop, and distal tubule, finally reaching the collecting duct where it gets converted into urine. These segments allow the reabsorption of water and useful substances, along with the expulsion of waste substances.
Explanation:The correct sequence of renal tubule segments in which filtrate would flow in the human body is: Proximal tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending limb of nephron loop, distal tubule, and then the collecting duct. Kidney filtration starts at the Bowman's capsule which then passes it to the proximal tubule, the descending and ascending limbs of the nephron loop (Loop of Henle), followed by the distal tubule, and finally the collecting duct where it is converted into urine. The filtrate moves through these consecutive segments in order, a process which allows the body to reabsorb water and various useful substances while expelling waste substances as urine.
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5) Ethan is colorblind. His wife, Edna, is homozygous for the normal color vision allele. If they have
eight children, how many of them would you expect to be colorblind?
Answers
Two of Ethan and Edna's eight children would be carriers of the colorblindness gene (1 in 4 chance), and about six of them would have the normal form of the gene and not be affected by the condition.
What is colorblindness?Colorblindness is an inherited condition that is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the normal function of the photopigments in the retina of the eye. These photopigments, called cone cells, are responsible for detecting different wavelengths of light, which allows us to see a wide range of colors.
Ethan is colorblind, which means that he has a mutated form of the gene responsible for the normal function of the cone cells. This mutated form of the gene is recessive, which means that a person needs to inherit two copies of the mutant gene (one from each parent) to be affected by the condition. If a person only inherits one copy of the mutant gene, they will be a carrier of the condition but will not be affected by it.
Edna is homozygous for the normal color vision allele, which means that she has two copies of the normal form of the gene and is not a carrier of the colorblindness gene. If Ethan and Edna have eight children, each child has a 1 in 4 (25%) chance of inheriting the colorblindness gene from Ethan. Since Ethan has only one copy of the mutant gene, each child has a 3 in 4 (75%) chance of inheriting the normal form of the gene from Edna.
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How were ozone levels monitored in 1920?
Answers
Answer:
I don't know
Explanation:
Sorry.. I really don't know
..
.
Help you later
Ozone levels in 1920 were primarily monitored using chemical methods, such as the use of chemical indicators and colorimetric analysis.
Potassium iodide-starch paper was used to detect ozone. When exposed to ozone, these indicators changed colour, letting researchers visually monitor ozone concentration.
Colorimetric analysis was also used. Chemical reagents reacting with ozone changed colour. Ozone concentration connected with colour change intensity. Chemical approaches measured ozone qualitatively or semi-quantitatively. They were easy to use but less precise than modern monitoring approaches.
In the following decades, spectrophotometry and ozone analyzers improved the systematic monitoring and quantitative measurement of ozone levels. These improvements made atmospheric ozone monitoring more precise.
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Which type of reproduction involves two parents and results in offspring
Answers
Describe in general terms Mendel's first set of experiment
Answers
Answer:In his first experiment, Mendel cross-pollinated two true-breeding plants of contrasting traits, such as purple and white flowered plants. The true-breeding parent plants are referred to as the P generation (parental generation)
Explanation:
4. When the difference in the electronegativity of 2 elements is small,
the electrons in the resulting bond will be:
Transferred
Shared
Answers
Answer:
When the diffrence is small like between Oxygen and Carbon the electrons will be shared. When it is large like in Na and Cl the Cl will steal one electron.
Explanation:
"survival of the fittest," or the reproductive advantage in individuals who inherit traits that help it adapt to a changing environment was something darwin called
Answers
Darwin's concept of natural selection encompasses the idea of "survival of the fittest," where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population over time.
Charles Darwin referred to the concept of "survival of the fittest" as a key principle in his theory of evolution. This concept, also known as natural selection, describes the reproductive advantage that individuals with favorable traits have over those without these traits in adapting to their environment. However, it is important to note that the actual phrase "survival of the fittest" was coined by Herbert Spencer, not Darwin himself.
Darwin's term for this concept was "natural selection," which he described as the process by which certain heritable traits become more common in a population over successive generations. According to Darwin, individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes to their offspring. These traits can include physical characteristics, behavioral patterns, or physiological adaptations that enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its specific environment.
Darwin emphasized that natural selection acts on the variation present within a population, allowing those individuals with beneficial traits to have a higher chance of surviving and producing offspring. Over time, this leads to the gradual accumulation of favorable traits in a population, resulting in adaptation to the environment.
It is important to understand that "survival of the fittest" does not imply that only the strongest or most powerful individuals survive. Instead, it refers to the reproductive success of individuals who possess traits that increase their fitness in relation to their environment. Fitness is defined by an organism's ability to survive, reproduce, and pass on its genetic information to future generations.
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Why is cellular respiration essential for homeostasis?
To create energy that the cell can use
To make air in the body
To remove oxygen from tissues
To make new types of cells
Answers
Explanation:
To create energy that the cell can use
Answer:
to create energy that the cell can usee!!!!!
Explanation:
Mendel utilized the garden pea, Pisum sativum, for his studies based on features that include all but ________. Group of answer choices can generate a large number of progeny has a wide, continuous spectrum of phenotypes
Answers
Mendel utilized the garden pea, Pisum sativum, for his studies based on several features. One of the features is that it can generate a large number of progeny, which allows for statistical analysis.
Another feature is that it has a wide, discontinuous spectrum of phenotypes, which allows for easy observation and categorization of traits. Therefore, the missing term in the statement is "discontinuous" instead of "continuous." In Mendel's experiments, he focused on discrete traits, such as flower color, seed shape, and pod shape, which are easily distinguishable and do not show intermediate phenotypes. This made it easier for Mendel to establish his laws of inheritance, which are still relevant in genetics today.
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which of the following is an inherited condition characterized by the production of abnormally thick mucus that can interfere with air flow within the lungs?
Answers
The inherited condition characterized by the production of abnormally thick mucus that can interfere with air flow within the lungs is called Cystic Fibrosis.
Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. It is caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for a protein called cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR).
This protein helps regulate the movement of salt and water in and out of cells. When the CFTR gene is mutated, it causes the production of thick, sticky mucus that can clog the airways and lead to infections, inflammation, and scarring in the lungs.
Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis include frequent lung infections, persistent coughing, difficulty breathing, and poor weight gain. There is no cure for Cystic Fibrosis, but treatments such as antibiotics, airway clearance techniques, and nutritional support can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life.
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What are the products of aerobic cellular respiration?.
Answers
Answer:
Water (H2O), Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and ATP
Explanation:
I just got it right in the quiz
The carbon cycle describes the process in which carbon atoms continually travel from the atmosphere to the Earth and then back into the atmosphere. Examine the model. What a
biotic components of the carbon cycle? Choose ALL that apply.
A. cows
B. trees
C. decomposers
D. soil
E. sunlight
Answers
Answer:
A, B, and C
Explanation:
These choices all play a role in the carbon cycle while being biotic, aka living organism.
A. Cows release carbon through cellar respiration and farts
B. Trees take in carbon through process of photosynthesis
C. decomposers break down dead material from plants and other organisms and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
again all of these are biotic since they are living organisms and all contribute to the carbon cycle.
Based on the trends you observed in the laboratory exercise, which objects would you expect to be attracted to a bar magnet? Check all that apply.
a metal hammer
a wooden ruler
a plastic car
the metal frame of your chair
the paper in your notebook
the screws and nails that hold your desk together
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - 1. a metal hammer
4. the metal frame of your chair
6. the screws and nails that hold your desk together.
Explanation:
Bar magnets are rectangular objects made up of ferromagnetic objects or substances and must carry the north and south pole ends. These objects show ferromagnetism and attract any ferromagnetic metal such as iron, steel or ferromagnetic composite.
In the case of the same ends, for instance, the north-north pole of two magnets repulse and opposite attract to one another. From the given options the correct answer is a metal hammer, the metal frame of chair and screws and nails that hold the desk.
Answer:
A.)
D.)
F.)
Explanation:
The person above me is correct, please say thanks to them
which statement describes p waves
Answers
Answer:
There’s no picture
Explanation:
Answer:
They Vibrate From Side To Side, Hope this helps!!
Explanation:
HELPPP!!!
1) which of the following do you think is most required for seed germination?
Answers
Answer:
all of the above
Explanation:
In peas, seeds may be round (R) or wrinkled (r). What proportion of the offspring in the
following crosses would be expected to be wrinkled? (Note: you should make Punnett
squares on a scrap piece of paper)
1. RR 2. Rr x Rr 3. Rr x rr
O 0%, 25%, 50%
O 25%, 50%, 75%
O %0, 50%, 75%
O 0%, 50%, 100%
Answers
Answer:
6
Explanation:
1. Evaluate your exposure to some or all of the indoor air pollutants in your home
2. What would you say is the most surprising?
3. Come up with a plan for reducing your exposure
4. Who do you feel is responsible for this pollution?
Answers
Constant exposure to vehicle pollutant and harmful gases is a result of using diesel and petrol which cause more pollution and effects health.
What is pollutant and how the exposure cause harm to health?Being the que again and highlighting the harms of pollution has become so used to now , the harmful gases from the chimneys of factory effects mainly aged people around cities.I feel the most harmful exposure , which sounds hard to say and that is the vehicle engine release.So many studies and orders put forward to ban the use of sulphur in petrol but still not followed on point.Use of CNG gas was ordered to be necessary and be charged a fine of vehicle found not be on.The Nitrous oxide and many harmful nitrogen and hydrogen compound sin the harmful gases directly effects the lungs and respiratory passage of humans.To know more about pollutants visit:
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which step comes first in shotgun sequencing? reconstructing the long sequence of nucleotides putting the sequences in the correct ordermatching regions of overlapbreaking the dna into small fragments sequencing the dna
Answers
The breakdown of DNA into small fragments is the initial step in shotgun sequencing. This fragmentation allows for parallel sequencing of multiple regions of the genome, and subsequent computational analysis is used to piece together the fragments and reconstruct the complete DNA sequence.
Shotgun sequencing is a method used to determine the sequence of DNA in a genome. In this approach, the DNA is first broken into small fragments. This fragmentation is typically achieved by using enzymes or physical methods.
Once the DNA is fragmented, each of these smaller pieces undergoes individual sequencing. Various sequencing techniques, such as Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing methods, can be employed to determine the nucleotide sequence of these fragments.
After sequencing, the resulting short sequences, or reads, are generated for each fragment. These reads represent overlapping regions of the original DNA sequence. The next step involves putting these sequences in the correct order by identifying matching regions of overlap among the reads.
By comparing the overlapping regions, computational algorithms are used to reconstruct the long sequence of nucleotides. This process involves aligning the reads and finding the consensus sequence that best fits the overlapping regions. Through iterative analysis and assembly algorithms, the original DNA sequence is reconstructed.
Therefore, the breakdown of DNA into small fragments is the initial step in shotgun sequencing. This fragmentation allows for parallel sequencing of multiple regions of the genome, and subsequent computational analysis is used to piece together the fragments and reconstruct the complete DNA sequence.
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What did people previously believe about the movements of Sun and Earth?
Answers
Answer:
They thought of the geocentric theory, or that the earth was the center of the universe
Explanation:
H Q₁: Define and illustrate the following ther inologies? I 1) The contact angle 1 1 2) pressure angle I 3) Coriolis force(effect) 4) scotch yoke mechanism 5) The Cam angle H 1 H
Answers
The contact angle is the angle formed between a liquid droplet and a solid surface at the point where they come into contact. It is a measure of the wettability of the surface by the liquid.
Pressure angle: The pressure angle is an important parameter used in gear design. It is the angle between the direction of the force exerted on a gear tooth by another gear and a line tangent to the pitch circle of the gear. Coriolis force (effect): The Coriolis force, also known as the Coriolis effect, is an apparent force that acts on a moving object in a rotating reference frame.It is caused by the rotation of the Earth and can be observed in various phenomena, such as the deflection of moving objects (e.g., projectiles or air currents) on the Earth's surface.Scotch yoke mechanism: The scotch yoke mechanism is a type of mechanical linkage used to convert rotary motion into linear motion. It consists of a sliding yoke or slider that is driven by a rotating crank.The pressure angle refers to the rotational position of a camshaft in an engine. A camshaft has lobes or cams that are used to control the opening and closing of valves in the engine.
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A genetic mutation causes a squirrel to be born with much darker fur than its parents.
How will this mutation most likely affect the squirrel population?
Because the trait was caused by a mutation, it will not be passed on to any offspring, resulting in the disappearance of the trait.
Because the trait was caused by a mutation, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels.
If the trait is unfavorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels.
If the trait is favorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels.
Answers
Answer: If the trait is favorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels.
The mutation most likely affects the squirrel population if the trait is favorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels. The correct option is D.
What is mutation?A mutation is a change or modification in the DNA or gene sequence of the organism. The modification is done due to mutagens. These mutagens delete or insert or replace the bases and cause differences.
Here, due to mutation, the color of the squirrel changed to black, so if the gene of black color will be transferred to future generations, it can be dominant or recessive.
Thus, the correct option is D, If the trait is favorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels.
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How many pounds of N are in an 50 pound bag of fertilizer with a 16 - 4 - 8 analysis ?
Answers
Answer:
I pretty sure you can find it on go...og......gle
Explanation:
The DNA sequence reads ACGTTCATT before a mutation occurs. After the mutation, the DNA sequence reads ATCGTTCATT. Which type of mutation occurred?
Answers
Answer:
the Answer Is B or Insertion.
Explanation:
Answer:
B
Explanation:
What is the volume of a cube with a length of 3cm an a height of 4cm an a width of 10cm
Answers
Answer:
120 cm
Explanation:
volume is length x width x height so 3 x 4 is 12 and 12 x 10 is 120cm
Answer:
120 cm^3
Explanation:
V= width x length x height
3 x 4 x 10 = 120
and when you multiply centimeters,
cm x cm = cm^2
cm x cm x cm = cm^3
Hope this helps :)
Differentiate between a spider's web and a bird's nest.
Answers
Answer:
one is made of silk and one is made from branches and anything to keep it together and for padding
Explanation:
the spider makes the webs out of silk and it traps anything that goes through it. the birds make the nests from branches and litter.
The relationship is between the nest and the bird, or between the spider and the web functionally similar or analogous characters as nest provides a home to birds and for a spider, the same is true.
What are homologous and analogous characters?Similar character of an organism can be either homologous or analogous where Homologous structures have same embryonic origin while analogous organs are functionally similar.
Analogous structures share a common evolutionary origin, Analogous is having the same or corresponding roles but do not share a common evolutionary origin, the bones in the front flipper of a whale are homologous to the bones in the human arm.
Analogous structures are from wings in flying animals like bats, birds, and insects, to fins in animals. Plants and other organisms can also show analogous structures like sweet potatoes and potatoes, which have the same function of food storage.
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Students were involved in an experiment to investigate whether playing music while they
took a test affected their scores.
control
independent variable
dependent varibale
test scores students = playing music during a test
Answers
Answer:What excalty the question?
Explanation:
What was the southern part of Pangaea?
Tethys
Gondwana
Laurasia
Rodinia
Answers
Answer:
gondwana
Explanation:
i did the test (accelerate/buzz)
Which of the following statements is true?
Answers
Answer:
3rd one humans and Chimpanzees both evolved from a common ancestor
SOMONE PLS HELP ME !
Answers
Science definitions for producer. An autotrophic organism that serves as a source of food for other organisms in a food chain. Producers include green plants, which produce food through photosynthesis, and certain bacteria that are capable of converting inorganic substances into food through chemosynthesis.
the rate of impulse conduction along an axon is mostly affected by? the length of the axon the site of initial stimulation the rate of axonal transport the number of neuroglia associated with it the presence or absence of a myelin sheath
Answers
The rate of impulse conduction along an axon is mostly affected by the presence or absence of a myelin sheath.
What is impulse conduction?Impulse conduction refers to the movement of action potentials along an axon (a long, thin, cylindrical extension of a neuron). It is crucial to the nervous system's functioning because it facilitates communication between neurons, which is essential for sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive processes.
Axonal transport is a biological process that involves the movement of organelles, vesicles, and other cellular components from the cell body to the axon terminal (anterograde) and from the axon terminal to the cell body (retrograde).
The myelin sheath is a lipid-rich insulating layer that surrounds axons and facilitates impulse conduction. It is formed by glial cells, which wrap themselves around the axon in a spiral pattern. The rate of impulse conduction along an axon is mostly affected by the presence or absence of a myelin sheath.
The myelin sheath insulates the axon, allowing action potentials to travel quickly by jumping from one node of Ranvier (the gaps in the myelin sheath) to the next.
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