How does the affinity of mixed inhibitors that favor the enzyme-substrate complex affect the Km value of an enzyme?
Answers
The affinity of mixed inhibitors that favor the enzyme-substrate complex can impact the Km value of an enzyme, with a higher affinity leading to an increased apparent Km value and a lower affinity potentially decreasing the apparent Km value.
Mixed inhibitors are molecules that can bind to both the enzyme and the enzyme-substrate complex. These inhibitors have different affinities for the enzyme and the enzyme-substrate complex. When these inhibitors bind to the enzyme, they decrease the enzyme's activity, but when they bind to the enzyme-substrate complex, they increase its stability. As a result, mixed inhibitors affect the enzyme's ability to convert substrates into products.
The affinity of mixed inhibitors that favor the enzyme-substrate complex affects the Km value of an enzyme. The Km value is a measure of how strongly an enzyme binds to its substrate. A low Km value indicates a high affinity for the substrate, while a high Km value indicates a low affinity for the substrate. When mixed inhibitors favor the enzyme-substrate complex, they increase the stability of the complex and decrease the enzyme's activity, resulting in an increase in Km value. This means that the enzyme requires a higher concentration of the substrate to reach the same level of activity.
In summary, the affinity of mixed inhibitors that favor the enzyme-substrate complex can affect the Km value of an enzyme by decreasing the enzyme's activity and increasing the stability of the enzyme-substrate complex. This results in a higher Km value, indicating a decreased affinity of the enzyme for its substrate.
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Related Questions
true or false Rutherford's nuclear atomic model explains why electrons fall into and collide with the nucleus
Answers
Answer:
false
Explanation:
False.
According to Rutherford's theory, an atom's nucleus is surrounded by electrons that are negatively charged. He also asserted that the electrons that surround the nucleus travel in a circular pattern at extremely high speeds. He gave these elliptical routes the name orbits.
Various nuclear atomic model types:Atomic Model by Dalton.
Atomic model by J.J. Thomson.
The atomic model of Rutherford.
Principle of Neil Bohr.
Various Atomic Models FAQs.
Examples of this group include the compound-nucleus model (qq. v.) and the liquid-drop model. Other nuclear models combine elements from the two groups, such as the collective model (q.v. ), which combines the liquid-drop mode and the shell model.
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Which characteristic is not a characteristic of plastic
A
B
C
Or
D? Image shown below of question
Answers
4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3
Which reactant is limiting if 0.32 mol Al and 0.26 mol O2 are available?
How many moles of Al2O3 are formed from the reaction of 6.38 x 10^-3 mol of O2 and 9.15 x 10^-3 mol of Al?
If 3.17 g of Al and 2.55 g of O2 are available, which reactant is limiting?
Answers
Substances are consumed according to the coefficients in front of them.
0.32 mol of Al is consumed, so that means we use 0.08 mol per coefficient of one in front of the substances. Thus, we use 0.3 × 0.08 = 0.24 mol of O₂ gase. We do not use all of the O₂ gase, but in contrast, we use all of the Al. Hence, Al is the limiting reactant here. I personally divide the number of moles by the coefficient of the reactant and whichever of them is smaller, it's the limiting reactant.
Limiting reactant may change depending on how many moles we take from both reactants. Here, we have to determine which one is the limiting one. For simplification, we can ignore 10⁻³s.
For O₂: 6.38 ÷ 3 ≅ 2.12
For Al: 9.15 ÷ 4 ≅ 2.28
O₂ is the limiting reactant.
Reaction calculations are done according to the limiting reactants' being consumed. If 9.15 × 10⁻³ mole of O₂ is consumed and, of course its coefficient is 3, the amount of Al₂O₃, whose coefficient is 2, will be (2 ÷ 3) × 9.15 × 10⁻³ = 6.1 × 10⁻³ mol
We are given the masses of the substances. We have to find, firstly, their number of moles. Molar mass of Al is 27 gr. while that of O₂ is 18.
3.17 ÷ 27 will give us the number of moles of Al, which equals ≅ 0.12
2.55 ÷ 18 will give us the number of moles of O₂, which equals ≅ 0.14
We will divide the number of moles by the coefficients for both substances and the smaller one will be the limiting reactant.
For Al, ≈0.12 ÷ 4 ≅ 0.03
For O₂, ≈0.14 ÷ 3 ≅ 0.05
The smaller one is that of Al, so Al is the limiting reactant.
If there is anything that you have a difficulty understanding or you think anything is wrong, please let me know, everyone makes mistakes and I am sorry for my bad English ^^
The correct answer are as follows
Al is the limiting reactant4.25 moles of AlO2 is limiting reactant What is Limiting reactant?Those reactants that get completely utilized in a reaction first and thus limit the amount of product that will be produced are known as limiting reactants.How to calculate the limiting reactants?Limiting reactant can be calculated by the following ways.
Calculate the number of moles of each reactant present.Compare this ratio to the mole ratio of the reactants in the balanced chemical equation.How to Solve these question?The stoichiometry of the reaction is such that 4 moles of Al are required for every 3 moles of diatomic oxygen.If the ratio of Al to diatomic oxygen is greater than 4/3 then the oxygen is the limiting reagent. If the ratio of Al to diatomic oxygen is less than 4/3, then Al is the limiting reagent.
1. The number of mole of Al given is 0.32
The number of mole of O2 given is 0.26
Now for Al,
(0.32mol Al) * (2mol Al2O3 /4mol Al) = 0.160mol Al2O3.
Now for O2
(0.26mol O2) * (2mol Al2O3 /3mol O2) = 0.173mol Al2O3
As we can see that there is not enough Al to consume O2
Hence Al is the Limiting reactant.
2. We need to find the number of moles of Al2O3
So here for O2
(6.38*10-3mol O2) * (2mol Al2O3 /3mol O2)
= 4.25*10-3mol Al2O3.
For Al
(9.15*10-3mol Al) * (2mol Al2O3 /4mol Al)
= 4.58*10-3mol Al2O3.
3. 3.17g of Al is given
2.55g of O2 is given
For Al
(3.17g Al) *(1mol Al /26.98g Al) * (2mol Al2O3 /4mol Al) = 0.0587mol Al2O3.
For O2
(2.55g O2) * (1mol O2 /32.0g O2) * (2mol Al2O3 / 3mol O2) = 0.0531mol Al2O3.
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Which of the following has the most bromine atoms?
Group of answer choices
15.6 g of sodium bromide
0.0900 mol of Br2(l)
900. mg of calcium bromide
25.0 g of hypobromous acid
Answers
The remnants of an ancient fire in a cave in Peru showed a decay rate of 8.0 counts per minute per gram of carbon. Assuming that the decay rate in freshly cut wood is 12.7 counts per minute per gram of carbon, calculate the age of the remnants. The half life of 614C is 5730 years.
Answers
The age of the remnants is calculated as 3807 years.
What is the half life?The half life is the time taken for only half of the number of the radioactive atoms to remain.
Half life of carbon - 14 = 5730 years.
Initial count rate = 8.0 counts per minute per gram
Count rate at time t = 12.7 counts per minute per gram of carbon
Since;
0.693/t1/2 =2.303/t log (N/No)
0.693/5730 = 2.303/t log (12.7/8)
1.21 * 10^-4 = 2.303/t * 0.2
t = 2.303 * 0.2/1.21 * 10^-4
t = 0.4606/1.21 * 10^-4
t = 3807 years
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What happens to water when it is heated from 0 °C to 4 °C? (5 points)
It freezes.
It expands.
Its density increases.
Its composition changes.
Answers
Answer: The volume decreases
Explanation:
Because 4C is a cold temperature and atoms inside the water start to move slowly and begins to cange into a solid formation.
The density of the water increases and it is maximum at 4 degrees Celsius.
What is Freezing Point ?The temperature at which the liquid and solid states of the substance are in equilibrium at atmospheric pressure .
freezing point of water is 0° Celsius or 32° Fahrenheit.
Though liquids expand on heating water does not expand between 0°C to 4°C instead it contracts as water has maximum density at 4°C.
Thus the option C is the right answer , The density of the water increases as water is heated from 0 degree Celsius to 4 degree Celsius
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A gas mixture contains h2 gas at 0.33 atm and he at 0.50 atm. what is the mole fraction of
h2 in the mixture?
Answers
To find the mole fraction of H2 in the gas mixture, we need to divide the partial pressure of H2 by the total pressure of the mixture. The total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of H2 and He.
which is 0.33 atm + 0.50 atm = 0.83 atm. Therefore, the mole fraction of H2 is 0.33 atm / 0.83 atm = 0.398 or 39.8%.About H2Hydrogen, or H2 as it is sometimes called, is a chemical element on the periodic table that has the symbol H and atomic number 1. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, non-metallic, single-valent, and highly diatomic gas. flammable.
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How the law of conservation of energy is proved to be accurate in the energy changes that happen when an object falls from a table to the floor
Answers
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed from one form to another, according to the rule of conservation of energy.
A fundamental tenet of physics is the law of conservation of energy, which holds that energy can only be changed from one form to another and cannot be created or destroyed. Hence, the overall energy level in a closed system is constant across time. Many tests and observations, such as the energy changes that take place when an object falls from a table to the ground, have demonstrated the accuracy of the rule. The object loses potential energy owing to the change in height while gaining kinetic energy from its motion as it falls. The rule of conservation of energy is demonstrated by the fact that the total amount of energy is the same before and after the fall.
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a tensile strip of polystyrene that is 10 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 2 cm in thickness is stretched to a length of 10.5 cm. assuming that the sample is isotropic and deforms uniformly, calculate the resulting width and percent volume change after deformation.
Answers
The resulting width of the strip is approximately 4.875 cm, and the percent volume change after deformation is approximately 1.71875%.
We can use Poisson's ratio to calculate the change in width, and the formula for percent volume change to calculate the change in volume:
Poisson's ratio (ν) relates the lateral strain (εl) to the axial strain (εa) in a material:
ν = -εl / εa
For an isotropic material, ν is constant and equal to one-third of the ratio of the transverse (lateral) and axial elastic moduli:
ν = E_l / 2G
where E_l is the transverse (lateral) elastic modulus and G is the shear modulus.
For polystyrene, the lateral elastic modulus is approximately equal to the axial elastic modulus, so we can use:
ν ≈ 0.5
Given that the length of the strip changes from 10 cm to 10.5 cm, the axial strain is:
εa = (ΔL / L) = (10.5 cm - 10 cm) / 10 cm = 0.05
Using Poisson's ratio, we can calculate the lateral strain:
εl = -ν εa = -0.5 x 0.05 = -0.025
The resulting width of the strip is:
W' = W (1 + εl) = 5 cm (1 - 0.025) = 4.875 cm
The percent volume change is given by:
% volume change = (ΔV / V) x 100%
where ΔV is the change in volume and V is the original volume.The original volume of the strip is:
V = L x W x H = 10 cm x 5 cm x 2 cm = 100 cm^3
The final volume of the strip is:
V' = L' x W' x H' = 10.5 cm x 4.875 cm x 2 cm = 101.71875 cm^3
Therefore, the change in volume is:
ΔV = V' - V = 1.71875 cm^3
And the percent volume change is:
% volume change = (ΔV / V) x 100% = (1.71875 cm^3 / 100 cm^3) x 100% = 1.71875%.
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100 points! Give serious answers only.
A student made the Lewis dot diagram of a compound as shown.
What is the error in the Lewis dot diagram?
• The number of dots around Cl should be six because it is receiving two electrons from Mg.
• The number of dots around Mg should be one because there is only one Cl around Mg atom.
• Another Cl should be shown around Mg that will transfer its unpaired electron to Mg.
• Another Cl should be shown around Mg that will receive the second electron on Mg.
Answers
The answer would be:
Another Cl should be shown around Mg that will receive the second electron on Mg.
This is because of the Octect Rule. One atom can only have 8 electrons maximum. If we add both of them to the Cl, it will have 9 electrons. Therefore, we need to add another Cl so that it can get the other electron. This way both of the Cl's will have a full capacity on valence electrons.
Which describes the dissolving process? (Choose all that Apply)
A) All molecules are in constant motion, so they run into each-other.
B) Molecules bond with the solvent forming a chemical reaction.
C) Collisions of molecules is what makes a substance dissolve
D) Molecules of the solvent bombard molecules of the solute.
Answers
Answer:
A and D
Explanation:
I took the test, and choose both B and C and got it wrong
Jane set up an experiment with 7 types of dog food and 15 dogs. Each day she fed a different brand of dog food to the 15 dogs. Her
results are recorded in the bar graph above.
What might be the question Jane is asking in her experiment?
A)
What dog food cost the most?
B)
Which dog food do dogs like the best?
Which dog food has the most real meat?
D)
How many dogs only like to eat in the morning?
Answers
Answer:
I believe it's either D or A I did it in my math
2 of 4 examples as to why humans are the most dangerous creatures in the ocean
Answers
Answer
We kill animals and we are creul :)
Explanation:
Your welcome
Which statements are true of the reaction below? 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) ---> 2NaCl(s)

A.
Na(s) is a reactant.

B.
NaCl is a product.

C.
NaCl is a liquid.

D.
Cl2 is a solid.
Answers
Answer:
A and B are both true
Explanation:
Na is REACTING with Cl2 to PRODUCE NaCl
Q4 This question relates the combustion reactions of acetylene, hydrogen and ethane. (a) Express the stoichiometric ecpigtions for the combustion reactions of acetylene, hydrogen and ethane with their respective standard heats of combustion obtained from physical property table. (b) Verify the standard heat of combustion of acetylene in Q4(a) by using heat of formation method. (c) The equation below shows the acerylene hydrogenation reaction: C2H2(g)+2H2(g)→C2H6(g) (i) Compute the standard heat of acetylcne hydrogenation reaction using tabulated heats of formation and heats of combustion. (ii) Verify the answer in Q4(e)(1) by using Hess's Law.
Answers
Stoichiometric equations for the combustion reactions ΔHf° (C2H2) = (2 x (-393.5)) + (-285.8) - (-1299.5) = +226.7 kJ mol-1(c) Acetylene hydrogenation reaction
Acetylene combustion reaction:C2H2 (g) + (5/2) O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ΔHc° = -1299.5 kJ mol-1 Hydrogen combustion reaction:2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (l) ΔHc° = - 483.7 kJ mol-1Ethane combustion reaction:C2H6 (g) + (7/2) O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + 3 H2O (l) ΔHc° = - 1560 kJ mol-1(b) Heat of formation method for verifying the standard heat of combustion of acetylene: The standard heat of combustion of acetylene from the heat of formation method is:ΔHc° (C2H2) = 2 ΔHf° (CO2) + ΔHf° (H2O) - 2 ΔHf° (C2H2) = -1299.5 kJ mol-1ΔHf° (CO2) = -393.5 kJ mol-1ΔHf° (H2O) = -285.8 kJ mol-1.
For verifying the answer in Q4(e)(1) using Hess's Law, we need to convert acetylene hydrogenation reaction into a combination of other reactions:Reaction 1:C2H2 (g) + (2.5) O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ΔH1 = -1299.5 kJ mol-1Reaction 2:2 CO2 (g) + 2.5 H2 (g) → C2H6 (g) + 5 O2 (g) ΔH2 = +1560 kJ mol-1After multiplying and adding the above equations, we get the required reaction as:C2H2 (g) + 2 H2 (g) → C2H6 (g) ΔH = -396.1 kJ mol-1.
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Question 11
Which formula represents a hydrocarbon?
C₂H6
C₂H5OH
C₂H5Cl
C₂H6O
Answers
Answer:
C₂H6
Explanation:
Among the given options, the formula A) C₂H6 represents a hydrocarbon (specifically, ethane). Option A
A hydrocarbon is a compound that consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is important to identify the formula that represents a hydrocarbon among the given options:
A) C₂H6: This formula represents ethane, which is a hydrocarbon. Ethane consists of two carbon atoms bonded together with single bonds and six hydrogen atoms.
B) C₂H5OH: This formula represents ethanol, which is not a hydrocarbon. Ethanol contains a hydroxyl group (-OH), indicating the presence of oxygen in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is an alcohol, not a hydrocarbon.
C) C₂H5Cl: This formula represents ethyl chloride, which is not a hydrocarbon. Ethyl chloride contains a chlorine atom (Cl) in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is a haloalkane, not a hydrocarbon.
D) C₂H6O: This formula represents ethanol, which, as mentioned before, is not a hydrocarbon. Ethanol contains an oxygen atom (O) in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is an alcohol, not a hydrocarbon.
Among the given options, the formula A) C₂H6 represents a hydrocarbon (specifically, ethane). It consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, making it a suitable representation of a hydrocarbon.
In summary, the formula C₂H6 (option A) represents a hydrocarbon, while the other options contain additional elements (oxygen or chlorine) that make them non-hydrocarbon compounds. Option A
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are the following processes exothermic or endothermic? a. when solid kbr is dissolved in water, the solution gets colder. b. natural gas (ch4) is burned in a furnace. c. when concentrated h2so4 is added to water, the solution gets very hot. d. water is boiled in a teakettle.
Answers
a. The process of dissolving solid KBr in water is endothermic as it causes the solution to get colder.
b. The combustion of natural gas (CH4) in a furnace is exothermic, releasing heat.
c. Adding concentrated H2SO4 to water is exothermic, resulting in a very hot solution.
d. Boiling water in a teakettle is endothermic as it requires the input of heat.
a. When solid KBr is dissolved in water, the process is endothermic because energy is absorbed from the surroundings, resulting in a decrease in temperature. The breaking of ionic bonds between K+ and Br- ions requires an input of energy.
b. The burning of natural gas (CH4) in a furnace is an exothermic process. Combustion reactions release energy in the form of heat and light. In this case, natural gas reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing heat energy.
c. Adding concentrated H2SO4 to water is an exothermic process. The dissolution of highly concentrated sulfuric acid in water is highly exothermic, meaning it releases a significant amount of heat energy.
d. Boiling water in a teakettle is an endothermic process. Heat energy from an external source, such as a stove or electric heating element, is supplied to the water to raise its temperature to the boiling point and convert it from a liquid to a gas phase.
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The table lists the half-life for four different isotopes of sulfur. Equal amounts of each sample are stored in sealed jars. Which jar will contain the least amount of the isotope of sulfur after 10 seconds?
Isotope Half-life
sulfur-30 1.18 seconds
sulfur-35 87.5 days
sulfur-37 5.05 minutes
sulfur-41 1.99 seconds
A.
sulfur-30
B.
sulfur-35
C.
sulfur-37
D.
sulfur-41
Answers
Jar containing sulfur-30 will have least amount of sulfur.
How does radioactivity varies with time?Radioactivity of a substance decreases with increase in time indicating that they are inversely proportional.Among the different isotopes of sulfur mentioned ,sulfur-35 is most radioactive as it has half-life period of 87.5 days.
On the other hand, sulfur-30 is least radioactive as it has half-life period of 1.18 seconds, thus within 10 seconds the jar containing sulfur-30 will be almost empty.
Therefore,the jar containing sulfur-30 will have least amount of sulfur after 10 seconds as it's half-life is least.
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PLEASE HELP: A compound is used as a food additive. The compound has a molar mass of 176.124 grams/mole. A 692.5-gram sample undergoes decomposition, producing 283.4 grams of carbon, 31.7 grams of hydrogen, and 377.4 grams of oxygen. What is the molecular formula of the compound?
Answers
The molecular formula of the compound is (C1H1.33O1). To simplify this we can use the lowest whole number ratio. The molecular formula will be (C1H4O1), which means that the compound is composed of 1 Carbon, 4 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen atoms.
How to determine the molecular formula?To determine the molecular formula of the compound, we need to determine the number of moles of each element present in the sample, and then use that information to calculate the ratio of atoms in the compound.
First, we'll convert the masses of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen to moles using the molar mass of each element:
Carbon: 283.4 g / 12.01 g/mol = 23.51 mol
Hydrogen: 31.7 g / 1.01 g/mol = 31.4 mol
Oxygen: 377.4 g / 16.00 g/mol = 23.59 mol
Next, we'll use the molar ratios to determine the ratio of atoms in the compound:
Carbon: 23.51 mol / 23.51 mol = 1
Hydrogen: 31.4 mol / 23.51 mol = 1.33
Oxygen: 23.59 mol / 23.51 mol = 1
So the molecular formula of the compound is (C1H1.33O1). To simplify this we can use the lowest whole number ratio. The molecular formula will be (C1H4O1), which means that the compound is composed of 1 Carbon, 4 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen atoms.
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a particular reactant decomposes with a half‑life of 113 s when its initial concentration is 0.354 m. the same reactant decomposes with a half‑life of 235 s when its initial concentration is 0.170 m.
Answers
The reaction is approximately first-order. If the ratio deviates significantly from 1, it indicates a different reaction order.Finally, knowing the reaction order, we can understand the relationship between concentration and half-life for this particular reactant.
The decomposition of the particular reactant follows first-order kinetics, as indicated by its half-life changing with different initial concentrations. By comparing the half-lives at different concentrations, we can determine the reaction order and the corresponding rate constant.Let's use the half-life equation for a first-order reaction:t(1/2) = (0.693 / k)For the initial concentration of 0.354 M and a half-life of 113 s, we can calculate the rate constant (k1):113 s = (0.693 / k1) --> k1 = 0.693 / 113 s⁻¹Similarly, for the initial concentration of 0.170 M and a half-life of 235 s, we can calculate the rate constant (k2):235 s = (0.693 / k2) --> k2 = 0.693 / 235 s⁻¹Now, we can compare the two rate constants to determine the reaction order. If the rate constant ratio (k2/k1) is close to 1, the reaction is approximately first-order. If the ratio deviates significantly from 1, it indicates a different reaction order.Finally, knowing the reaction order, we can understand the relationship between concentration and half-life for this particular reactant.
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In the experiment by yoshida and kinosita, fluorescently labeled actin was attached to atp synthase. No atp was added to one preparation, which showed no change over the course of the experiment. Atp was added to a second preparation and the movement of the actin was recorded. Explain what can be concluded from this experiment.
Answers
With this experiment, we can conclude that when ATP synthase binds to ATP and the ATP synthase rotates.
What role does ATP synthase play?Definition of ATP Synthase Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is produced by the enzyme ATP synthase during the process of cellular respiration. The primary source of energy used by cells is ATP.
What is the name of the enzyme responsible for ATP synthesis?a catalytic enzyme that uses inorganic phosphate and ADP to create ATP The big protein enzyme known as ATP synthase, which produces energy for the cell, is the location to which angiostatin binds.
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What is the mole fraction of glucose, C_6H_12O_6 in a 1.547 m aqueous glucose solution? Atomic weights: H 1.00794 C 12.011 O 15.9994 a)2.711×10^−2
b)4.121×10^−2
c)5.320×10^−2
d)6.103×10^−2
e)7.854×10^−2
Answers
The correct option is b)4.121×10⁻² is the mole fraction of glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆ in a 1.547 m aqueous glucose solution
Mole fraction is the ratio of the number of moles of a particular substance to the total number of moles in the solution.
Given a 1.547 m aqueous glucose solution, we can determine the mole fraction of glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆.
To begin, let us calculate the mass of glucose in the solution.
Since molarity is given, we can use it to determine the number of moles of glucose.
Molarity = moles of solute/volume of solution (in L) ⇒ moles of solute = molarity × volume of solution (in L)
Molar mass of glucose, C6H12O6 = (6 × 12.01 + 12 × 1.01 + 6 × 16.00) g/mol = 180.18 g/mol, Number of moles of glucose = 1.547 mol/L × 1 L = 1.547 mol, Mass of glucose = 1.547 mol × 180.18 g/mol = 278.87 g.
Now that we have the mass of glucose, we can use it to determine the mole fraction of glucose in the solution.
Mass of solvent (water) = 1000 g – 278.87 g = 721.13 g,
Number of moles of water = 721.13 g ÷ 18.015 g/mol = 40.00 mol.
Total number of moles in solution = 1.547 mol + 40.00 mol = 41.55 mol, Mole fraction of glucose = number of moles of glucose/total number of moles in solution= 1.547 mol/41.55 mol= 3.722 × 10⁻² ≈ 0.0372.
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Booster rockets for the space shuttle use the following reaction: 3Al(s) + 3NH4ClO4(s) → Al2O3(s) + AlCl3(s) + 3NO(g) + 6H2O(g) Calculate the mass of NH4ClO4 that should be added to this fuel mixture to react completely with every kilogram of Al.
Answers
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 4362.346 grams of NH₄ClO₄ should be added to the fuel mixture to react completely with every kilogram of Al.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
3 Al + 3 NH₄ClO₄ → Al₂O₃ + AlCl₃+ 3 NO + 6 H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
Al: 3 moles NH₄ClO₄: 3 molesAl₂O₃: 1 moleAlCl₃: 1 moleNO: 3 molesH₂O: 6 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
Al: 27 g/moleNH₄ClO₄: 117.45 g/moleAl₂O₃: 102 g/moleAlCl₃: 133.35 g/moleNO: 30 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
Al: 3 moles ×27 g/mole= 81 gramsNH₄ClO₄: 3 moles ×117.45 g/mole= 353.35 gramsAl₂O₃: 1 mole ×102 g/mole= 102 gramsAlCl₃: 1 mole ×133.35 g/mole= 133.35 gramsNO: 3 moles ×30 g/mole= 90 gramsH₂O: 6 moles ×18 g/mole= 108 gramsMass of NH₄ClO₄ requiredKnowing that 1 kilogram of Al equals to 1000 grams of Al, the following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 81 grams of Al react with 353.35 grams of NH₄ClO₄, 1000 grams of Al react with how much mass of NH₄ClO₄?
\(mass of NH_{4} ClO_{4} =\frac{1000 grams of Alx353.35 grams of NH_{4} ClO_{4} }{81 grams of Al}\)
mass of NH₄ClO₄= 4362.346 grams
Finally, 4362.346 grams of NH₄ClO₄ should be added to the fuel mixture to react completely with every kilogram of Al.
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5. An aluminium kg. Determine a. 3 kg m-³ b. 12 kg m-³ cube of side 2 m has mass 24 the density of aluminium. c. 24 kg m-³ -3 d. 48 kg m-³
Answers
density = mass / volume
a. Density of aluminium = 3 kg/m³
We are given that the mass of the cube of aluminium is 24 kg. So, we can calculate its volume using the formula:
volume = mass / density
volume = 24 / 3
volume = 8 m³
Since the cube has a side length of 2 meters, its volume is given by:
volume = side³
8 = 2³
Therefore, the density of the cube is the same as the density of aluminium, which is 3 kg/m³.
b. Density of aluminium = 12 kg/m³
We are given that the mass of the cube of aluminium is 24 kg, and its side length is 2 meters. So, we can calculate its volume as:
volume = side³
volume = 2³
volume = 8 m³
Now we can use the formula to calculate the density:
density = mass / volume
density = 24 / 8
density = 3 kg/m³
The density of the cube is the same as the density of aluminium, which is 3 kg/m³.
c. Density of aluminium = 24 kg/m³
Using the same approach as before, we can calculate the volume of the cube:
volume = mass / density
volume = 24 / 24
volume = 1 m³
Since the side length of the cube is not given, we cannot calculate it directly. However, if we assume that the cube is a regular cube, then its volume is given by:
volume = side³
Therefore, we can calculate the side length as:
side = cube root of (volume)
side = cube root of (1)
side = 1 meter
So, if the cube is a regular cube with a side length of 1 meter, then its density is 24 kg/m³.
d. Density of aluminium = 48 kg/m³
Using the same approach as earlier:
volume = side³
volume = 24 / 48
volume = 0.5 m³
If we assume that the cube is a regular cube, then its volume is given by:
volume = side³
Therefore, we can calculate the side length as:
side = cube root of (0.5)
side = 0.79 meters
So, if the cube is a regular cube with a side length of 0.79 meters, then its density is 48 kg/m³.
Hydrogen gas is collected over water at a total pressure of 95.0kPa. The volume of gas collected is 28.0mL at 25.0˚C. Determine the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas if the water vapor pressure is 3.17kPa.
GAS LAW:
Given:
Unknown:
Formula:
Solution:
Answers
The partial pressure of the hydrogen gas, if the water vapor pressure is 3.17kPa is 91.83 kPa.
What is Dalton's law of gas?Dalton's law of gas states that total pressure of the mixture of gas is equal to the sun of the partial pressure of the individual gas.
Given that,
Total pressure of hydrogen gas = 95 kPa
Partial pressure of water vapor = 3.17 kPa
Partial pressure of hydrogen gas will be calculated as:
Partial pressure = 95 - 3.17 = 91.83 kPa
Hence required partial pressure is 91.83 kPa.
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Acetylene (C2H2) reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. If 40.0 grams of acetylene is allowed to react with 40.0 grams of oxygen, how many grams of water can be produced if the percent yield of the reaction is 72%?
Answers
The mass of water produced if the percent yield of the reaction is 72% is 16.2g.
Mass of acetylene = 40.0 grams
Mass of oxygen = 40.0 grams
Percent yield of the reaction = 72%
The balanced chemical equation is : 2 C2H2(g) + 5 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g)
From the balanced chemical equation, it is clear that 2 moles of acetylene reacts with 5 moles of oxygen to form 2 moles of water.
To find out limiting reagent
Moles of acetylene = Given mass of acetylene / molar mass of acetylene
= 40.0 g / 26 g/mol = 1.54 moles
Moles of oxygen = Given mass of oxygen / molar mass of oxygen
= 40.0 g / 32 g/mol = 1.25 moles
The limiting reactant is oxygen because its number of moles is less than acetylene. Oxygen will react with 1.25 moles of acetylene present and form CO2 and H2O.
According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio of C2H2 to H2O is 2:2, meaning that for every 2 moles of C2H2, 2 moles of H2O are produced.
Since the stoichiometry is 1:1, the moles of water produced will be the same as the moles of acetylene used.
The number of moles of H2O produced 1.25 moles.
The mass of H2O produced = Number of moles of H2O × Molar mass of H2O
Mass of H2O produced = 1.25 × 18 = 22.5 g
Given percent yield = 72%
The actual yield can be calculated as follows;
Percent yield = Actual yield / Theoretical yield × 100
72% = Actual yield / 22.5 g × 100
Actual yield = 22.5 g× 72 / 100 =16.2 g
Thus, the mass of water produced if the percent yield of the reaction is 72% is 16.2g.
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3. why are fire tornadoes rare ?
Answers
Twenty liters of NO gas react with excess oxygen. How many liters of NO2 gas are produced if the NO gas reacts completely?
Answers
Answer:
2O L
Explanation:
The balanced chemical equation is 2NO+O
2
→2NO
2
Thus, 2 moles of NO will produce 2 moles of NO
2
.
Also, the volume is directly proportional to the number of moles.
Therefore, 20 L of NO will produce 20×
2
2
=20 L of NO
2
A rigid, 2. 50 L bottle contains 0. 458 mol He. The pressure of the gas inside the bottle is 1. 83 atm. If 0. 713 mol Ar is added to the bottle and the pressure increases to 2. 05 atm, what is the change in temperature of the gas mixture? Use the correct number of significant digits. Formula: PV = nRT(R = 0. 0821 Les001-1. Jpgatm/moles001-2. JpgK) The initial temperature of the gas is K.
Answers
The change in temperature with the addition of Ar to He gas is 68.61 K. The negative change indicates the lowering of the temperature of gas.
What is an ideal gas equation?The pressure of an ideal gas is given by the ideal gas equation as:
PV=nRT
The initial temperature of He gas is given as:
Initial pressure, P=1.83 atmThe initial volume, V=2.50 LInitial moles of gas, n=0.458 molThe value of the gas constant, R=0.0821 J/mol.KSubstituting the values for initial temperature, \(T_i\):
\(T_i=\rm \dfrac{1.83\;atm\;\times\;2.50\;L}{0.458\;mol\;\times\;0.082\;J/mol.K} \\\textit T_\textit i=122\;K\)
The initial temperature of the gas is 122 K.
The addition of 0.713 mol Ar, results in the final values of:
Final pressure, P=2.05 atmFinal volume, V = 2.50 LFinal moles, n=1.171 molSubstituting the values for final temperature, \(T_f\):
\(T_f=\rm \dfrac{2.05\;atm\;\times\;2.50\;L}{1.171\;mol\;\times\;0.082\;J/mol.K} \\\textit T_\textit f=53.3\;K\)
The final temperature of the gas is 53.3 K.
The change in temperature (\(\Delta T\)) is given as:
\(\Delta T=T_f-T_i\\\Delta T=53.3-122\;\text K\\\Delta T=-68.61\;\text K\)
The change in temperature of the gas is 68.61 K. The negative sign indicates the lowering of temperature with the addition of Ar.
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Answer:
answer in picture
Explanation:
Identify the atom below.
a.) H
b.) He
c.) Bе
d.) С
Answers
Answer:
B. Helium
Explanation:
Correct me if I'm wrong