Help.. To make larger quantities of recombinant DNA, scientists use
a. yeasts
b. viruses
c. mice
d. proteins
Answers
Related Questions
what is pressure and how do we get it
Answers
Answer:
pressure, in the physical sciences, the perpendicular force per unit area, or the stress at a point within a confined fluid. ... In SI units, pressure is measured in pascals; one pascal equals one newton per square metre. Atmospheric pressure is close to 100,000 pascals.
Calculating pressure
To calculate pressure, you need to know two things:
Pressure is calculated using this equation:
pressure = force ÷ area.
A) Describe how allosteric enzymes are regulated by activator and inhibitor regulatory molecules.
B) Explain how ATP and ADP act as allosteric regulators of enzymes that are responsible for ATP production, and how that is an example of feedback inhibition.
C) What is feedback inhibition? How is the ATP generating pathway discussed in part B an example of feedback inhibition?
Answers
Answer:
A) Activator molecules regulate Allosteric enzymes by binding to a regulatory site and stabilizes the area that has active sites that are functional. Inhibitor regulatory molecules stabilize the Allosteric enzymes by binding to the part of the enzyme that is inactive.
B) ATP is a renewable resource that can be regenerated by the addition of phosphate to ADP. With these two organic compounds relying on each other they act like allosteric regulators for enzymes that make the production of ATP. The molecules that bind cellular respiration enzymes act as signals, giving the enzyme information about the cell's energy state. AMP and ADP bind to the allosteric site as to facilitate the formation of the R state by inducing structural changes in the enzyme. An example of feedback inhibition is an anabolic pathway. Anabolic pathways are those that require energy to synthesize large molecules.
C) Feedback inhibition is a method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway. The reason an ATP-generating pathway formed by the ATP itself is because of feedback inhibition. Some cells use this five-step pathway to synthesize the amino acid isoleucine from threonine, another amino acid. As isoleucine accumulates, it slows down its own synthesis by allosterically inhibiting the enzyme for the first step of the pathway. Feedback inhibition thereby prevents the cell from making more isoleucine than is necessary, and thus wasting chemical resources.
Explanation: My teacher gave me a 100% on this short writing
Answer:
answering so the other person can get brainliest. pls dont report but idc if u downvote, i just think they deserve brainliest! heres my adaptation of their writing: (fixing minor mistakes)
A) Activator molecules regulate Allosteric enzymes by binding to a regulatory site and stabilizes the area that has functional active sites. Inhibitor regulatory molecules stabilize the Allosteric enzymes by binding to the part of the enzyme that is inactive.
B) ATP is a renewable resource that can be regenerated by the addition of phosphate to ADP. With these two organic compounds relying on each other they act like allosteric regulators for enzymes that make the production of ATP. The molecules that bind cellular respiration enzymes act as signals, giving the enzyme information about the cell's energy state. AMP and ADP bind to the allosteric site to facilitate the formation of the R state by inducing structural changes in the enzyme. An example of feedback inhibition is an anabolic pathway. Anabolic pathways are those that require energy to synthesize large molecules.
C) Feedback inhibition is a method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway. The reason an ATP-generating pathway is formed by the ATP itself is because of feedback inhibition. Some cells use this five-step pathway to synthesize the amino acid isoleucine from threonine, another amino acid. As isoleucine accumulates, it slows down its synthesis by allosterically inhibiting the enzyme for the first step of the pathway. Feedback inhibition thereby prevents the cell from making more isoleucine than is necessary and thus wasting chemical resources.
Explanation:
What makes amino acids different from each other? (4 points)
Amino group
Carboxyl group
Hydrogen atom
Side chain
Answers
Answer:
The answer is side chain/group.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
An astronaut is planning a trip to a newly-discovered planet according to the law of universal gravitation, the astronaut weight in the new planet will be greater than his weight on earth if:
Answers
The new planet has more mass than Earth but the same radius. The mass of the astronaut will be calculated by the use of Newton's gravitational equation. The weight of the astronaut depends completely on its mass and the gravitational acceleration of the planet.
Gravitational acceleration is directly proportional to the mass of the planet and indirectly proportional to the radius of the planet. Hence, when the gravitational acceleration increases the planet's mass will increase therefore the radius will decrease. The astronaut's mass will depend on these factors.
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Approximately how many standard drinks can the human body metabolize in one hour?.
Answers
Answer:
One drink
Explanation:
Alcohol's Path Through the Body
The liver metabolizes alcohol at a very constant rate, approximately one drink per hour.
Answer:
1 standard drink an
Explanation:
URGENT, HELP!!
I’m not sure
Answers
Answer:
ur hair is ugly get it shaved off
22. What are the two types of motion for human movement?Linear and lateralLinear and angularPropulsive and decelerativeStabilization and mobilization23. What is the physical force affecting the body's ability to create force, accelerate, and decelerate?MassInertiaPowerFriction24. What anatomical plane of movement divides the body into right and left segments?Lateral planeFrontal planeSagittal planeTransverse plane
Answers
The anatomical plane of movement that divides the body into right and left segments is the sagittal plane. A sagittal plane is a vertical plane that runs from front to back and divides the body into left and right portions.
Because many common activities, including walking and running, take place in the sagittal plane, it is a significant anatomical plane of movement. Moreover, a lot of typical ailments like strains and sprains also happen in this plane.
Healthcare practitioners including physical therapists, athletic trainers, and orthopedic surgeons must understand the sagittal plane in order to properly diagnose and treat injuries that take place in this plane. Understanding the sagittal plane is crucial for athletes and those who engage in physical activity since it can improve their understanding of how their bodies move and help them avoid injuries.
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The complete question is-
What anatomical plane of movement divides the body into right and left segments?
Why do plant cells need chloroplasts?
Answers
Answer:
Chloroplasts are vital organelles in order for plants to survive.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts capture and convert light energy into chemical energy for the plant to consume through the process of photosynthesis.
mmediately after the repolarization phase of an action potential, the neuronal membrane is temporarily unable to respond to the stimulation of a second action potential. the brief pause is called the refractory period. what must happen to
Answers
The ball domain is released from the channel pore and the channel turns back to closed state after the repolarization phase of an action potential.
The ball domain here describes the ions flowing in and out of the cells in response to the action potentials. A portion of the neuron becomes positively charged when Na+ channels open at the beginning of an action potential, allowing a flood of Na+ ions from outside the cell to enter. This is called depolarization. K+ ions from inside the cell flood out when K+ channels open, making that region of the neuron membrane more negatively charged. This is termed as repolarization. These mechanisms are what alter the cell membrane's voltage.
The brief pause between the opening of these two channels to initiate a second action potential is termed as refractory period. It describes the time it takes for an excitable membrane to reach a resting state after responding to a second stimulus in terms of action potentials.
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Complete question is:
Immediately after the repolarization phase of an action potential, the neuronal membrane is temporarily unable to respond to the stimulation of a second action potential. the brief pause is called the refractory period. what must happen to the voltage-gated sodium channel for the refractory period to end?
Keisha is an agriscientist writing a protocol for disposal of hazardous waste. What material is she LEAST likely to include in her protocol?
A. Fertilizer
B. Medicines
C. Coolant
D. Aerosols
Answers
Keisha is an agriscientist writing a protocol for disposal of hazardous waste, the material is she leats likely to include in her protocol is A. Fertilizer
When handling hazardous waste, one must follow a specific set of procedures to ensure that no one is injured or harmed in any way. Additionally, because the consequences of inadequate hazardous waste disposal can be severe, such procedures must be taken seriously.Keisha, an agriscientist, is in charge of writing a protocol for the disposal of hazardous waste.
Her role necessitates that she thoroughly research the issue and develop a protocol that takes into account all of the potential dangers involved in hazardous waste disposal. Therefore Keisha will not include fertilizers in her protocol because they are not hazardous. Fertilizers are not toxic, corrosive, or flammable, and they are also not reactive. Thus, fertilizers will not be a part of the protocol. So the correct answer is A. Fertilizer
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discuss why soil vary across the landscape?
Answers
Answer:
It may vary because of the climate of that region or also the physical conditions, also the type of plants found there
One main reason is human influence
Explanation:
is this true or false, Surface waves result from a combination of up-and-down plus side-to-side motion.
Answers
Answer:
yaaa you knew that air is everywhere it moves
In a population, surrounded with dark gray rocks, there lived 2 types of beetles, a gray beetle and a white beetle. In the starting population, there were 5 gray beetles and 5 white beetles, until it was populated with birds surrounding areas above the dark gray rocks. Due to this incident, all white beetles were eaten by the birds and all gray beetles survived. Next generation NATURAL SELECTION Dark rock environment are grootte grandeetten by birds more often than dark ones X=eatern by Only survivors reproduce... Fred of a = 0.7 Free of a = 0.4 Freg of A = 06 Using information from the passage, what mechanism of evolution is described and what genotype frequency of AA, Aa, and aa for the next generation is accurate?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
habitat
Habitat Grasslands Common Nighthawks nest in both rural and urban habitats including coastal sand dunes and beaches, logged forest, recently burned forest, woodland clearings, prairies, plains, sagebrush, grasslands, open forests, and rock outcrops. They also nest on flat gravel rooftops, though less often as gravel roofs are being replaced by smooth, rubberized roofs that provide an unsuitable surface. During migration, Common Nighthawks stop in farmlands, river valleys, marshes, coastal dunes, and open woodlands. Their South American wintering habitat is not well known.
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Food
Food Insects Common Nighthawks eat flying insects almost exclusively. The Common Nighthawk hunts on the wing at dawn and dusk, opening its tiny beak to reveal a cavernous mouth well suited for snapping up flying insects. It often takes advantage of clouds of insects attracted to streetlamps, stadium lights, and other bright lights. Nighthawks eat queen ants, wasps, beetles, caddisflies, moths, bugs, mayflies, flies, crickets, grasshoppers, and other insects. They may also eat a small amount of vegetation. Though they forage in low light, they seem to locate prey by sight, possibly with the help of a structure in their eyes that reflects light back to the retina to improve their night vision. They occasionally forage during the day in stormy weather, but seem to never forage at night. Common Nighthawks may forage near the ground or water, or more than 500 feet into the sky.
NESTING FACTS
Clutch Size: 2 eggs
Number of Broods: 1-2 broods
Egg Length: 1.2 in (3 cm)
Egg Width: 0.8 in (2.1 cm)
Incubation Period: 16-20 days
Nestling Period: 17-18 days
Egg Description: Creamy white to pale olive gray, heavily speckled with gray, brown, and black.
Condition at Hatching: Active and sparsely covered with down (dark gray above and creamy below), with eyes half or fully open.
Which generalization about Earth's layers can be made based on how the layers were formed?
O A.
O B.
O C.
O D.
Temperature and density increase with depth.
Temperature and density increase with layer thickness.
Temperature and layer thickness increase with depth.
Density and layer thickness increase with temperature.
Answers
The layers were formed Temperature and density increase with layer thickness.
The correct option is B.
What are Earth's layers made of?The Lithosphere is a region of stiff, brittle rock that is made up of the crust and the uppermost portion of the mantle. The Asthenosphere is a region of asphalt-like consistency that lies beneath the solid lithosphere. The Earth's tectonic plates are moved by the asthenosphere, a region of the mantle.
Who discovered the Earth's layers?Sir Isaac Newton (1700) and Inge Lehmann (1937) identified the three primary layers of the Earth: the crust, mantle, and core. Composition establishes layers. Temperature and pressure cause physical differences in each layer.
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From one trophic level to the next, only_(a) % of the energy is transferred. The other
(b)___% is used by the organisms getting consumed during its life processes.
A. (a) 25, (b) 75
B. (a) 10, (b) 90
C. (a) 75, (b) 25
D. (a) 90, (b) 10
Answers
Answer:
B. (a) 10, (b) 90
Explanation:
The ecosystem consists of a flow of energy that unidirectional and there is always a decrease in the amount of energy when it's transferred from one place to another. Such as in the food chain there is a transfer of 10% amount of energy which is used by the various organisms and 90% of energy is lost between the tropic levels in form of heat and respiration.Match each item with the correct sphere.
1. zebras
biosphere
2 rocks
hydrosphere
3 rivers
atmosphere
4. air
lithosphere
Answers
Answer:
1.biosphere
2.lithosphere
3.hydrosphere
4.atpmossphere
Explanation:
Which RNA sequence is complementary to the sequence: TCTA
A. AGAT
B. AGAU
C. TCTA
D. ATCT
Answers
Answer:
option B is the correct answer
Explanation:
AGAU
Answer:
B
Explanation:
RNA sequences don't have T as apart of there code.
this information will be used for the next four questions. wheat kernel color is an additive trait controlled by two genes, gene a and gene b. the a1 and b1 alleles add 1 unit of color to the kernels. the a2 and b2 alleles add 0 units of color to the kernels. what is the best description of the a2 and b2 alleles?
Answers
This is the case of complete dominance.
What is complete dominance?
When one allele, or "version," of a gene completely obscures another, complete dominance occurs. Being "dominant" over the trait which is not expressed refers to the trait that is expressed. The majority of organisms are diploid, which means that each gene is received twice, once from each parent. An organism may possess a gene that has undergone a harmful mutation and be able to function since it possesses a healthy copy of the gene due to the protective effect of having two copies of each gene. Due to the fact that most organisms, including you, have two copies of each gene, scientists use the terms "dominant" and "recessive" genes to describe which one manifests as a specific characteristic.
In this the a1 and b1 act as a dominant allele , which add to the color and a2 and b2 are recessive one , which are completely masked by the other one . So it adds 0 unit to color .
Hence , a2 and b2 acts as recessive allele .
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Find the link to the video here: "The No Impact Man"
The film, "The No Impact Man", follows Colin Beavan and his family during their
year-long experiment to have zero impact on the environment. After watching a brief
video detailing the Beavan family's efforts to reduce their carbon footprint, how do you
think you would live such a radical lifestyle as his?
In one paragraph below (at least five sentences), reflect on what parts of your
life you would have to change to be like the "No Impact Man drastically." How long do
you think you could sustain living that lifestyle? Would the people in your life support
your decision to live in such a way? Is it worth it for the environment or would a
compromise make more sustainable choices better than having ZERO IMPACT on the
environment for an entire year?
Answers
1) Living like Colin Beavan and his family is not impossible, however, it sure is difficult. Such a lifestyle can be made even easier with government programs put in place to help.
2) Living with minimal impact on the environment is not impossible. Many humans are already doing same. The financial sector in first work countries have already put measurs in place to encourage such kind of living among corporate individuals. It is hoped that when corporations catch the vision, it will trickle down to others. It's all about Environmental Protection.
What is the importance of Preserving the Environment?We conserve for three primary reasons:
To restore some of the harm caused by people while still preserving the environment for future generations. To preserve species variety for our own and wildlife's benefit. To create chances for environmental education and enjoyment.Learn more about Environmental Protection:
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What renal and hormonal factors will cause an increased release of aldosterone from adrenal cortex?
Answers
Answer:
Renin; angiotensin I and angiotensin II
Explanation:
Renin is a key hormone involved in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which is responsible for regulating blood pressure in response to changes in blood volume. Renin is secreted primarily by the kidneys to promote the production of the peptide hormone angiotensin in the blood vessels. Subsequently, angiotensin stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex, stimulating sodium retention by the kidneys. Renin acts on its substrate angiotensinogen to yield angiotensin I, which is then converted to angiotensin II by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Finally, angiotensin 2 promotes the release of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex, which acts on renal tubules, leading to the reabsorption of sodium and water and the excretion of potassium.
where would one expect to find the most telomerase?
Answers
Telomerase, an enzyme responsible for maintaining telomeres, is most abundant in cells with high regenerative capacity or frequent cell division.
This includes embryonic stem cells, which have the potential to develop into any cell type, and germ cells involved in sexual reproduction. Telomerase activity is also observed in certain types of cancer cells, enabling their unchecked growth and division.
In contrast, most somatic cells in the body have low levels of telomerase, resulting in gradual telomere shortening with each cell division and eventual cellular senescence.
The presence of telomerase in specific cell types reflects their need to counteract telomere attrition and maintain cell viability, highlighting the significance of telomerase in cellular function and lifespan regulation.
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which choice best describes the kind of information genes contain according to mendel's predictions? responses mutated mutated irregular irregular hereditary hereditary consistent
Answers
Genes best describe the kind of information genes contain according to Mendel's predictions.
What instrument is utilised in Mendelian genetics to forecast outcomes?
The percentages of phenotypes in a cross's progeny from known genotypes can be predicted using a Punnett square. Based on the other genotypes involved in the cross, a missing genotype can be identified using a Punnett square.
What is Mendel's heredity theory?
He concluded that genes are inherited from each parent as separate, paired units. Mendel observed how parental genes separated and if they showed up as dominant or recessive qualities in the children. He was aware of the mathematical patterns passed down from one generation to the following.
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Answer: pretty sure it's mutated
Explanation:
what is the role of water in light reactions of photosynthesis? multiple choice provides energy to run electron transport chain hydrolyzes napdh back to nadp water accepts electrons incorrect water donates electrons
Answers
Water plays a crucial role in the light reactions of photosynthesis. The role of water is to donate electrons to the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions.
When light energy is absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments, water molecules are split by the process of photolysis, and the electrons and protons from the water molecule are used to create ATP and NADPH, which are important energy carriers. The process of water splitting also releases oxygen gas into the atmosphere, which is an essential byproduct of photosynthesis. Therefore, the role of water is not only limited to providing electrons to the electron transport chain but also involves oxygen production and energy generation.
Overall, the importance of water in photosynthesis cannot be overstated. It is a crucial reactant in the light-dependent reactions and plays a vital role in energy production and oxygen generation. The photolysis of water and the subsequent electron transfer are essential for the process of photosynthesis to take place, and without water, the process of photosynthesis cannot occur.
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Describe conclusion about cancer cervix and the patients who have vaginal hysterectomy.
Answers
Vaginal hysterectomy for cervical cancer often have positive outcomes, as this surgical procedure aims to remove the uterus and cervix.
Vaginal hysterectomy is a less invasive approach compared to abdominal hysterectomy, resulting in shorter hospital stays, faster recovery, and fewer complications. The conclusion about cervical cancer patients who undergo vaginal hysterectomy is that this procedure can effectively treat early-stage cervical cancer, particularly when the cancer is confined to the cervix and has not spread to other nearby structures or distant sites.
It is important to note that the appropriateness of vaginal hysterectomy as a treatment option depends on various factors, including the stage of cervical cancer, tumor size, and individual patient characteristics. In some cases, additional treatments such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be recommended before or after surgery to maximize the chances of successful cancer management. Close monitoring and follow-up care are essential for patients who have undergone vaginal hysterectomy for cervical cancer to detect any potential recurrence or complications.
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Sound travels fastest in matter that has relatively ______ densities.
Answers
Answer:
low
Explanation:
Un hombre cruza distraído la calle cuando lo sorprende el bocinazo de un auto muy próximo a él. El hombre reacciona y sube a la vereda de un salto, algo agitado y tembloroso. Además de los cambios corporales citados, ¿Cuál/les otro/s pudieron haberle ocurrido ante esta situación? ¿Por qué el cuerpo responde de esa manera? ¿Cuál es la función de esos cambios?
Answers
Answer:
- Dilation of the pupils
- Increased heart rate (chronotropism) and the force of contraction of the heart (inotropism), as well as blood pressure.
- Bronchodilation to facilitate the entry of air
- Vasoconstriction in organs that are not needed, such as the abdominal viscera and the kidney
-Vasodilation of muscles, heart, liver and fat tissue
- Hepatic glycogenolysis and lipolysis of adipose tissue
- Increase in blood glucose
Physical stressors; for example cold, hypoglycemia, hemorrhage, hypoxia, necrosis, burn, acute pain are stimuli that alter the physiological state affecting homeostatic mechanisms, and initiate an adaptive response necessary for survival. For their part, psychological stressors are stimuli that threaten the current state of the individual or provoke a state of anticipation even though they do not pose an immediate threat to physiological conditions; need to be processed by the cerebral cortex before initiating the stress response and they depend largely on previous experiences.
Depending on the type of physical or psychological stress, neurons in the brain stem or those in the areas of the brain are activated. limbic system respectively, which through axonal projections affect neurons of the nucleus paraventricular cells of the hypothalamus that synthesize CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone). Neurons hypophysiotropic in response to a stimulus, releases CRH to the hypothalamic-pituitary portal circulation that reaches the adenohypophysis and controls the synthesis and release of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) that travels through the bloodstream exerting its feedback mechanism on the adrenal gland. Therefore, the glucocorticoids secreted by the adrenal gland will exert their actions on peripheral tissues as part of the adaptive response to stress.
But in addition, the hypothalamus will be in charge of decoding neuronal signals originating in other brain sites and hormonal signals coming from the periphery. Therefore, hypothalamic neurons not only secrete their product towards the hypothalamic-pituitary portal blood, but also have nerve projections towards other brain regions or to nuclei located in the spinal cord (such as the nucleus of the solitary tract) and controlling the functioning of the autonomic nervous system. Thus the coordinated response to stress includes adrenaline secretion from the adrenal medulla in response to stimulation of the autonomic system; this hormone it causes a state of excitement or alertness in the body allowing it to respond to the challenge.
So, the combined action of the hormones cortisol and adrenaline and the autonomic nervous system (system sympathetic-adrenal) allows a series of vegetative activities involving various apparatus (cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, muscular, etc.) and the activation of various metabolic pathways (of carbohydrates and lipids fundamentally) to provide the immediate energy demands required before the aggressor stimulus or stress.
Explanation:
During physical exertion or emotional stress, the Sympathetic Nervous System predominates over the Parasympathetic Nervous System. The sympathetic tone favors : intense physical activity for the production of energy in a rapid and prolonged way. The fear, the confusion, the anger also stimulate the SNS.
The flight or fight reaction is the activation of the SNS on the adrenal medulla produces the release of adrenaline and norepinephrine, which in turn produce the following effects:
- Dilation of the pupils
- Increased heart rate (chronotropism) and the force of contraction of the heart (inotropism), as well as blood pressure.
- Bronchodilation to facilitate the entry of air
- Vasoconstriction in organs that are not needed, such as the abdominal viscera and the kidney
-Vasodilation of muscles, heart, liver and fat tissue
- Hepatic glycogenolysis and lipolysis of adipose tissue
- Increase in blood glucose
This ensures a self-defense response when perceiving danger, activating a survival instinct
Which of these characteristics best represents a fatty acid molecule?
Answers
The structure of fatty acids is a long linear chain composed of many carbon atoms and a carboxylic group in one of the molecules extremes. Among the options, the molecule represented with an F is the correct one.
----------------------------------------
Fatty acids compose the lipids and glycolipids.
A fatty acid is a carboxylic acid of lipidic nature.
They are composed of a long linear hydro carbonated chain.
The chain size varies according to the number of carbon atoms composing the chain. There might be from 12 to 24 carbons.
Fatty acids are amphipathic molecules, showing a carboxylic group and a hydro carbonated chain.
COOH group is hydrophilic, while the chain is hydrophobic.
The longer is the chain, the more amphipathic and the less soluble it turns the molecule.
Fatty acids can be
Saturated molecules ⇒ they do not have double bonds, so the chain is flexible. Unsaturated ⇒ there are double or triple bonds, making the chain rigid.
The molecule represented by the letter F is the only one that feets these characteristics. This is a linear molecule, with a COOH group in one of the extremes and a linear chain composed of carbon atoms.
Option F is the correct answer.
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Which of the following explains biodiversity?
Answers
Answer:
The right option is; B) the total variety of organisms on Earth
Explanation:
The absolute assortment of living beings on Earth clarifies biodiversity
Biodiversity is the assortment and inconstancy all things considered (various plants, river creatures, and microorganisms) from all sources (marine, earthbound, and other sea-going biological systems) on earth or inside a specific area. Biodiversity includes hereditary assorted variety, species decent variety, and biological system decent variety which all capacities together to frame the unpredictability of life on earth.
In a human skin cell that is going through the cell cycle, when do the centrosomes separate?.
Answers
During mitosis, the in a human cell begin to separate during prophase 1 specifically; about an hour before the breakdown of the nuclear envelope
What is cell division?Cell division can simply be defined as a process which involves the division of a cell into two daughter cells.
There are two major types of cell division; namely:
MitosisMeiosisThe stages or phases involved in a human cell mitotic division are:
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breifly explain how a polar bear evolved from a brown bear, using the terms mutation, allopatric speciation and natural selection. Draw a phylogenic tree that includes the most recent common ansestor between brown bears and polar bears. At each node of the tree, label the divergent trait that appeared for the new branch
(Please include the drawing if possible, it would be appriciated)!
Answers
The polar bear evolved from a common ancestor it shared with the brown bear millions of years ago. As some individuals of this ancestor population migrated to the Arctic, they developed advantageous traits to survive in the harsh Arctic environment, such as thicker fur, insulation, and improved hunting abilities in a marine environment.
Evolution of the polar bear from the brown bearMutation: A genetic mutation occurred in a brown bear, leading to traits better suited for survival in a polar environment, such as thicker fur and adaptations for hunting in icy conditions.
Allopatric speciation: The brown bear population became geographically isolated, with some bears inhabiting colder regions like the Arctic. This separation prevented gene flow between the two populations and allowed them to evolve independently.
Natural selection: In the isolated polar bear population, individuals with advantageous traits for the Arctic environment, such as insulation and swimming abilities, were more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, these traits became more common in the polar bear population.
Common Ancestor: Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)
Divergent Traits:
Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus): Adaptations for Arctic life, including white fur, reduced fat storage, and webbed paws.Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos horribilis): Hump of muscle, larger size, and adaptations for terrestrial and semi-aquatic lifestyles.Syrian Brown Bear (Ursus arctos syriacus): Smaller size and adaptations to semi-desert environments.American Black Bear (Ursus americanus): Smaller size, climbing abilities, and variable fur colors.Kodiak Bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi): Large size and adaptations to the Kodiak Archipelago environment.Learn more on evolution here https://brainly.com/question/27748371
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