green eyes (y) are recessive to yellow eyes (y) in cats. in a population of cats in eugene,64% of the individuals have green eyes. in a population of cats in portland, 9% of the individuals have green eyes. assuming that hardy-weinberg equilibrium holds for the two populations independently, what are the proportions of eye color genotypes in eachpopulation? show your work.2.1. what are the genotype proportions in the eugene population? (4 pts)2.2. what are the genotype proportions in the portland population? (4 pts)2.3. if these populations are under hardy weinberg equilibrium, we can assume the allelesfor eye color are not under selection. given enough time, what is the probability offixation of the green allele due to genetic drift in each population? (2 pts)
Answers
2.1. Genotype proportions in Eugene population:
YY 4%, Yy 32%, yy 64%;
2.2. Genotype proportions in Portland population:
YY 49%, Yy 42%, yy 9%;
2.3. Probability of fixation of green allele in Eugene population is 0.5% and in Portland population is 1%.
How to analyze Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in populations?2.1. To determine the genotype proportions in the Eugene population, we can use the Hardy-Weinberg equation:
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
where p is the frequency of the yellow allele and q is the frequency of the green allele.
We know that q² = 0.64, since 64% of the individuals have green eyes. Therefore, q = sqrt(0.64) = 0.8.
Since p + q = 1, we can calculate that p = 0.2.
Using these values, we can calculate the genotype proportions:
YY: p² = 0.2² = 0.04
Yy: 2pq = 2(0.2)(0.8) = 0.32
yy: q² = 0.8² = 0.64
Therefore, the genotype proportions in the Eugene population are:
YY: 0.04 or 4%
Yy: 0.32 or 32%
yy: 0.64 or 64%
2.2. To determine the genotype proportions in the Portland population, we can use the same Hardy-Weinberg equation:
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
where p is the frequency of the yellow allele and q is the frequency of the green allele.
We know that q² = 0.09, since 9% of the individuals have green eyes.
Therefore, q = sqrt(0.09) = 0.3.
Since p + q = 1, we can calculate that p = 0.7.
Using these values, we can calculate the genotype proportions:
YY: p² = 0.7² = 0.49
Yy: 2pq = 2(0.7)(0.3) = 0.42
yy: q² = 0.3² = 0.09
Therefore, the genotype proportions in the Portland population are:
YY: 0.49 or 49%
Yy: 0.42 or 42%
yy: 0.09 or 9%
2.3. The probability of fixation of the green allele due to genetic drift in each population can be calculated using the formula:
p_fix = 1/2N
where N is the effective population size.
Since we don't have information about the effective population size, we can assume a conservative value of N = 100.
For the Eugene population, the frequency of the green allele is q = 0.8, so the probability of fixation of the green allele is:
p_fix = 1/2(100)q = 0.005
Therefore, the probability of fixation of the green allele due to genetic drift in the Eugene population is 0.5%.
For the Portland population, the frequency of the green allele is q = 0.3, so the probability of fixation of the green allele is:
p_fix = 1/2(100)q = 0.01
Therefore, the probability of fixation of the green allele due to genetic drift in the Portland population is 1%.
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Related Questions
Which of the following types of stars started out on the main sequence with the largest initial mass?
a, b, c, or d?
Answers
Answer:
answer: C
Explanation:
hope it helps thanks❤
Which of the following would indicate a base pairing mutation in DNA?
a. C paired with a T
b. C paired with an A
c. G paired with a T
d. All of the above are improper base pairs
Answers
The correct answer is option (d) "All of the above are improper base pairs." This would indicate a base pairing mutation in DNA.
In DNA, base pairing follows a specific rule: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). These base pairs form the building blocks of the DNA double helix. Any deviation from this rule indicates a mutation in the DNA sequence.
Option (a) "C paired with a T" is incorrect because C and T are a normal base pair. Option (b) "C paired with an A" is incorrect as well because C and A do not form a proper base pair. Option (c) "G paired with a T" is also incorrect since G and T are a normal base pair.
In conclusion, all the given options indicate improper base pairs, which suggest a base pairing mutation in the DNA sequence. Such mutations can have significant effects on the structure, function, and expression of genes, potentially leading to various genetic disorders or alterations in an organism's traits.
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Which of the following is a typical product of nuclear fission? a. oxygen b. carbon dioxide c. radiation d. water please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answers
The answer will be :
C. radiation
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Trust thr process Edge 2022
Identify other land resources found on earth. Describe one use for each resource.
1.__
2.__
3.__
4.__
5.__
Answers
Used in making ornaments.
Soda ash- used in making glass and soaps.
Marble- used in making floors and stair treads
Flour-spar- make toothpaste
Limestone- used In building and construction industries.
What does the identity of an element depend on the number of?
A. neutrons in the atom
B. electrons in the atom
C. protons in the atom
D. protons and neutrons in the nucleus
this was literally due 1 hour and 29 minutes ago someone pls help
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The Periodic Table organizes the elements according to their properties. One atom of each element is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The number of electrons determines how an element reacts. The number of protons gives the element its identity.
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Explanation:
The identity of an element depend on the number of protons in the atom.
How did the Indian Removal Act impact the Choctaw people socially?
O It forced them back onto land they had left.
O It cut their spiritual ties to the land,
O It reunited families and communities.
O It ended conflicts between tribes.
Answers
Explanation:
B it cut their spiritual ties to the land
state the processes of nitrogen,carbon and water cycle
Answers
Answer:
The three main cycles of an ecosystem are the water cycle, the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle. These three cycles working in balance are responsible for carrying away waste materials and replenishing the ecosystem with the nutrients necessary to sustain life.
Explanation:
None needed.
just for fun. In this activity, you'll use a simulation to learn about chemical reactions between atoms and molecules . Get started by following these steps : 1. Go to the simulation Balancing Chemical Equations 2. Click the simulation and select the introduction . Balance the three equations using the balance scale and graph tools . 3. When you've finished all three equations, go to the game and select level 2. Complete all five challenges. Now use what you learned from the simulation to answer the following questions. Self-Evaluation How did you do? Rate your work on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 as the highest score. Then write a brief evaluation of your work below. Note what you learned and what challenged you.
Answers
We can see here that carrying out the simulation made me to understand how to actually balance scale and graph tools.
Rating my work, I can rate it as 3 out of 5.
What is simulation?Simulation is a technique used to model and replicate the behavior of a real-world system or process over time. It involves creating a computer-based or mathematical representation of the system and running experiments or scenarios to observe how the system behaves under different conditions.
Evaluating my work, I discovered that it wasn't easy to understand the simulation process. But as I kept practicing, it became easy.
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The amino acid changes noted in Parts A-C are the result of changes in DNA sequence.
For each of these amino acid changes, evaluate whether a single base change in the given codons could account for the change in the amino acid.
PART A - For which codon(s) could a single base change account for this amino acid change?
Lysine to Asparagine
Select all that apply.
A) AAA
B) AAG
C) UUU
D) NONE OF THESE
Answers
B) AAG could account for the amino acid change from Lysine to Asparagine, as a single base change from A to G in the second position of the codon would change AAA (lysine) to AAG (asparagine).
For the amino acid change from Lysine to Asparagine, a single base change in the given codons can account for this change.
Lysine is coded by the codons AAA and AAG, while Asparagine is coded by the codons AAU and AAC.
Comparing these codons:
A) AAA (Lysine) → AAU (Asparagine) - This change involves a single base change.
B) AAG (Lysine) → AAC (Asparagine) - This change also involves a single base change.
C) UUU is not related to Lysine or Asparagine, so it is not applicable.
Answer is : A) AAA, B) AAG
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a portion of a dna template strand has the base sequence 5'-CGAACGTGCGTGATGTATGCTAGA-3'
1)Identify the sequence of the mRNA transcribed from this fragmentary template strand sequence.
2)Determine the amino acid sequence encoded by this fragment.
3)Which is the third amino acid added to the polypeptide chain?
Answers
1) The sequence of the mRNA is 3'-GCTTGCACGCAC-TACATACGATCT-5'.
2) The amino acid sequence is Ala-Cys-Thr-Arg-Cys-Ile-Ser.
3) The third amino acid added to the polypeptide chain is Th
1) The mRNA sequence transcribed from the given DNA template strand sequence would have the complementary base sequence, which is 3'-GCTTGCACGCAC-TACATACGATCT-5'.
2) To determine the amino acid sequence encoded by this fragment, we need to use the genetic code. The genetic code is a set of rules that relates each three-base codon in mRNA to a specific amino acid. Using the codon chart, we can translate the mRNA sequence into the corresponding amino acid sequence:
mRNA: 5'-GCU UGC ACG CGA UGU AUA CGA UCU-3'
Codons: GCU UGC ACG CGA UGU AUA CGA UCU
Amino Acids: Ala Cys Thr Arg Cys Ile Ser
Therefore, the amino acid sequence encoded by this fragment is Ala-Cys-Thr-Arg-Cys-Ile-Ser.
3) To determine the third amino acid added to the polypeptide chain, we need to count the codons starting from the first codon (5'-GCU-3') and identify the corresponding amino acid. The third codon is 5'-ACG-3', which codes for the amino acid Thr. Therefore, the third amino acid added to the polypeptide chain is Th
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Charles Hillman, an associate professor at the University of Illinois, is conducting research into why children are better at problem-solving after exercise. He places 20 kids, approximately 10 years of age, on a treadmill for 20 minutes. Another group of 10-year-old kids sits in a chair for 20 minutes. Dr. Hillman then measures the brain wave activity of both groups. The group who exercised showed a 5% increase in the P3 waves, which occur during decision- making. What would need to be done in order to make this experimental outcome accepted in the scientific community? Group of answer choices More time would need to be allowed for the experiment. Other scientists would need to confirm the results by performing the same experiment. The same test would have to be done using a different type of exercise. Girls and boys would need to be tested separately and then together.
Answers
Answer:
Other scientists would need to confirm the results by performing the same experiment.
Explanation:
According to this question, an experiment was conducted by an associate professor, using 20kids, to discover why children are better at problem-solving after exercise. He arrived at a result that Children who exercised showed a 5% increase in the P3 waves, which occur during decision- making.
However, in order for this findings by Charles Hillman to be generally accepted and recognized in the scientific community, which is a connection of several scientists, the results need to be confirmed by performing the same tests or experiment.
Note that, an experiment becomes a scientific theory if it has undergone series of repeatable tests. One of the key features of scientific experiment is that it must be repeatable.
Q. 35 One treatment for high blood pressure is taking diuretics that prevent the kidney collecting ducts from reabsorbing water. How would diuretics reduce blood pressure? By increasing blood volume By decreasing blood volume By increasing heart rate By decreasing heart rate
Answers
The diuretics will increase the volume of urine. That means more water is taken from the blood and excreted. According to Boyle's law, the volume is proportional to the pressure(p1v1=p2v2). It means that if we decrease the volume of blood we also decrease the pressure.
That means second option
what is bigbang theory?
Answers
Answer:
The big bang theory is what is believed to have made the universe
Explanation:
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The big bang is how astronomers explain the way the universe began.
Can someone please help me answer this question?
Answers
Answer: Are fur color and eye color in mice inherited traits?
I think.
Explanation:
How does the biosphere affect humans?
Answers
Answer:
Provides Raw Material and Food.
Most humans get their food from the biosphere indirectly, from farmed vegetables, livestock, fruit and cereals. Some people get food directly from the biosphere e.g. picking fruit, fishing and hunting and trapping animals. Fish can also be farmed in tanks or pens.
Microfilaments can be involved in contractions that change the shape of a cell when they are.
Answers
Microfilaments can be involved in contractions that change the shape of a cell when they are associated with motor proteins such as myosin.
Microfilaments- As they are made up of two entangled strands of the globular protein know as actin, microfilaments are also known as actin filaments. They are the tiniest filament of the cytoskeleton and polymers of a protein actin. They are essential for muscle contraction, cell division, and cellular mobility.
Myosin- The molecular motor known as myosin transforms the chemical energy supplied by ATP into mechanical energy. The actin filaments are subsequently pulled along by this mechanical energy, contracting the muscle fibers and resulting in movement.
The given question is incomplete, find below the complete question,
Q. Microfilaments can be involved in contractions that change the shape of: -
a cell when they are
a. Working with microtubules to bend cilia and flagella
b. Associated with motor proteins such as myosin
c. Complexed with intermediate filaments to form desmosomes
d. Being assembled from actin monomers
e. Associated with actin-associated proteins that are adding actin monomers to the "plus end" of the filament
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how to get a fever in an hour or less
(other then the onion/garlic trick I tried it and it didn't work)
ASAP I'll mark branliest
Answers
Answer:
Expecting you are from India or any cold countries,just bath in ice cold water and and dry yourself as many time you can until you feel dizzy or feverish.Explanation:
I hope l helped you ❤❤
This is a progress learning question
Need answered asap
Answers
Result of pumping large amounts of water from an underground aquifer is that A, the aquifer becomes depleted more rapidly than rain or rivers can recharge it, forcing other sources of water to be tapped.
What is the use of an aquifer?An aquifer is a layer of permeable rock, soil, or sediment that contains and transmits groundwater, which is used as a source of drinking water, irrigation water, and for industrial purposes.
Aquifers provide a vital source of water for many people and ecosystems around the world. They can be replenished naturally through precipitation or artificially through injection of treated wastewater or other sources of water.
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Image transcribed:
A possible result of pumping large amounts of water from an underground aquifer is that
A the aquifer becomes depleted more rapidly than rain or rivers can recharge it, forcing other sources of water to be tapped.
B farms may produce fewer crops, as groundwater depletes.
C the recharge zone for groundwater shrinks and the aquifer becomes permanently dry.
D groundwater stops being collected
All of the following could likely be an antigen except:____.
a. a viral spike protein
b. a bacterial membrane protein
c. lps (lipopolysaccharide)
d. a molecule of cyclic amp (camp)
Answers
Option D: All of the following would likely be an antigen except a molecule of the cyclic amp (cAMP).
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is important for many biological processes involving intracellular transduction in various organisms. cAMP is synthesized by adenylate cyclase, an enzyme located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Various G proteins are responsible for the activation and inhibition of adenylate cyclase.
cAMP regulates glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism. It acts as an intracellular messenger to transfer the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline into the cells. It activates protein kinases and also regulates the function of ion channels by binding with them.
Since, viral spike proteins, bacterial membrane proteins, and lipopolysaccharides all act as antigens by triggering the immune system where cAMP is involved in the transmission of various signals. Therefore, it can be said that cAMP is not an antigen.
Thus, option D is the correct answer.
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Which organism can be both a primary and a secondary consumer according to this food web?
Owl
b
Wild Cat
Rabbit
d
Snake
Answers
Answer:
rabbit can i please get a brainlyy thank youu
Answer:
i say rabbit
Explanation:
Are the group of single-celled eukaryotic organisms that lack a cell wall.
Answers
one function of micropyle
Answers
Answer:
The micropyle helps in absorbing the water at the time of germination of the seed. It is through this micropyle the root emerges out at the time of germination of the seed.
Answer:
Explanation:
The micropyle helps in absorbing the water at the time of germination of the seed. It is through this micropyle the root emerges out at the time of germination of the seed.
hope that will help you
:)
or in other way
The micropyle is the small opening present at the tip where the integument does not cover the nucellus in the ovule. Pollen tube enters the ovule through a micropyle. It is present as a small pore above the hilum in the seed. It absorbs water and helps in seed germination.
The question is at the bottom where the apples are, First start with the one that goes "In this activity"
Answers
Answer:
no apples hope this helps
Explanation:
The grafting of another plant into another plant produces offspring that show genetic variation and improves the chances of survival of the offspring.
What is genetic variation?Genetic variation is the variance in DNA between people or between communities. Genetic recombination and mutation are two of the many factors that cause genetic variation.
Genetic variation is mostly caused by mutations, but other processes like genetic drift also play a role.
The process of crossing over between chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis also produces genetic variation.
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Cells are the basic units of life. Viruses differ from cells in many key ways. Which of the following is true?
A.
Cells contain nucleic acids, whereas viruses do not contain nucleic acids.
B.
Cells have their own metabolism, whereas viruses do not have their own metabolism.
C.
Cells are surrounded by a capsid, whereas viruses are not surrounded by a capsid.
D.
Cells can infect other cells, whereas viruses cannot infect other cells.
Answers
_______ gland has functions as part of the endocrine system by secreting a hormone that functions as part of the endocrine and immune system
Answers
Thymus gland has functions as part of the endocrine system by secreting a hormone that functions as part of the endocrine and immune system.
Draw a feedback loop depicting the role of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cancer
Answers
When oncogenes develop as a result of proto-oncogene mutation, a positive feedback loop occurs.
Oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes play several roles in cancer.
Oncogenes are created by the activation of proto-oncogenes, whereas genes that inhibit the tumour develop cancer when they are not activated, which is a significant distinction between them and oncogenes.Some malignancies in families have been identified to have genetic abnormalities or gene mutations.Oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes are the two primary categories of genes that influence cancer.Oncogenes:Genes known as proto-oncogenes generally aid in cell growth.an anti-oncogene, also known as a tumour suppressor, is a gene that regulates cell division and reproduction.Cancer will develop if the cell continues to grow unchecked.A plant's function is lost or reduced when the compression factor of the plant is changed.This can cause the cell to develop abnormally together with other genetic abnormalities.Compared to the role played by oncogenes, the loss of function of these genes may be even more crucial in the emergence of human cancer.To learn more about oncogenes Please click on the given link:
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Describe and explain two ways in which the structure of the cell helps it carry out its function (6 marks)
Please help really need it for my science homework best answer brainliest
Answers
The two ways in which the structure of the cell helps it carry out its function include the following below:
The structure of the nerve cell is long and thin which helps it to relay electrical messages all over the body.The structure of the sperm cell, in which its long tail allows them to move or swim fast toward the egg cell.What is a Cell?This is referred to as the simplest unit of life and undergoes aggregation to form tissue.
Its structure is important in aiding its function and an example is sperm cell in which its tail long allows them to move or swim fast toward the egg cell for fertilization.
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WILL VOTE BRAINLIEST FOR THE BEST ANSWER
What do you know about deserts, grasslands, or tundra biomes?
Answers
Answer:
this is what i do when i bored :P
Explanation:
A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and, consequently, living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life. The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation. Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses. However, sedge and rush can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs. Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except Antarctica and are found in most ecoregions of the Earth. In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term tundra comes through Russian тундра from the Kildin Sámi word тӯндар meaning "uplands", "treeless mountain tract".
a) Which class of chromosomal proteins, histones or nonhistones, is the more highly conserved in different eukaryotic species
Answers
Histone proteins are a class of chromosomal proteins that are highly conserved in different eukaryotic species. Therefore, the correct answer is histones.
The histone proteins are of two types - core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) and linker histone proteins (H1). The histone proteins are highly conserved across the species evolutionarily.
DNA undergoes multiple stages of packaging to ultimately form the chromatid of a chromosome. In the first level of packaging, DNA gets wrapped around the histone proteins to form nucleosome.
Each nucleosome consists of eight histone proteins around which the DNA is wrapped 1.65 times. The histone proteins form an octamer of two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 which is associated with H1 protein.
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A biology class is studying the effect of temperature on the amount of growth of duckweed in an aquarium. What type of data will the class need to collect, and which tools will most likely be used?
They will gather qualitative data, using a thermometer and a hand lens.
They will gather qualitative data, using a meterstick and a flask.
They will gather quantitative data, using a thermometer and a balance.
They will gather quantitative data, using a beaker and a timer.
Answers
Answer:
\(\boxed {\boxed {\sf They \ will \ gather \ quantitative \ data \ using \ a \ thermometer \ and \ a \ balance}}\)
Explanation:
First, let's identify the tools needed.
Since the biology class is studying the temperature, they will likely need a thermometer. Also, they are gathering information about the growth of the plants. This could use a balance of a meterstick.
Next, recall the difference between quantitative and qualitative data.
Quantitative: Measurable and numerical results found using scientific instruments/devicesQualitative: Data found using the senses, such as descriptions and diagrams.Since the class is measuring temperature and growth using tools, it must be quantitative data.
We can eliminate choices A and B, because they claim the class will gather qualitative data. Then, we can eliminate choice D, because a beaker and timer won't help with temperature and growth. That leaves choice C as the correct answer.
Answer:
They will gather quantitative data using a thermometer and a balance
Explanation:
First, let's identify the tools needed. Since the biology class is studying the temperature, they will likely need a thermometer. Also, they are gathering information about the growth of the plants. This could use a balance of a meterstick. Next, recall the difference between quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative: Measurable and numerical results found using scientific instruments/devices Qualitative: Data found using the senses, such as descriptions and diagrams. Since the class is measuring temperature and growth using tools, it must be quantitative data. We can eliminate choices A and B, because they claim the class will gather qualitative data. Then, we can eliminate choice D, because a beaker and timer won't help with temperature and growth. That leaves choice C as the correct answer.