give a step by step detail and do not copy from other answers online , thanks i will give upvote (4 pts) Prove that context-free languages are closed under star-closure (∗).
Answers
To prove that context-free languages are closed under star-closure (∗), we need to show that the concatenation of any number of strings from a context-free language is also a part of the same context-free language.
To prove that context-free languages are closed under star-closure (∗), we will follow these steps:
1. Let L be a context-free language generated by a context-free grammar G.
2. We need to show that L∗, the star-closure of L, is also a context-free language.
3. Consider a string w ∈ L∗, which means w can be obtained by concatenating any number of strings from L.
4. By definition of L∗, we can represent w as w = w1w2...wn, where wi ∈ L for i = 1 to n.
5. Since L is a context-free language, each wi can be derived from the context-free grammar G.
6. We can construct a new context-free grammar G' that includes the productions of G and additional productions to handle concatenation of strings from L.
7. By using the productions of G' and applying them to the string w = w1w2...wn, we can derive w from the start symbol of G'.
8. Therefore, w is generated by the context-free grammar G' and belongs to L∗.
9. Since w was an arbitrary string from L∗, we have shown that all strings in L∗ can be generated by a context-free grammar.
10. Hence, we conclude that context-free languages are closed under star-closure (∗).
By following these steps, we have proven that context-free languages are closed under star-closure (∗), which means that the concatenation of any number of strings from a context-free language is also a context-free language.
learn more about string here
https://brainly.com/question/32338782
#SPJ11
Related Questions
you are a pilot operating under 14 cfr part 121 and are in a required rest period. when can you be contacted about your next day duty assignment?
Answers
As a pilot operating under 14 CFR Part 121, you can be contacted about your next-day duty assignment during the last two hours of the required rest period.
The FAA regulations under 14 CFR Part 121, specifically 121.471, states that a pilot's rest period must be at least 8 consecutive hours in a 24-hour period. During the last two hours of this rest period, the pilot may be contacted by their employer to discuss their next day duty assignment.
The purpose of this regulation is to ensure that the pilot is well-rested and ready to perform their duties safely. It's also a way to ensure that the pilots are not overworked and fatigued which can impact their performance and decision-making ability while flying.
For more questions like 14 CFR Part 121 click the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/29524459
#SPJ4
Write a program that read two integers and display their MOD,VID and their floating-point division in both settings x/y and y/x
e.g 5/3 and 3/5
Answers
Answer:
#!/usr/bin/env python
def calculate(x, y):
return {
"MOD": x % y,
"DIV": x/y, # you mean div instead of “VID”, right?
"floating-point division": float(x)/y,
}
def calculateInBothSettings(x, y):
return {
"x/y": calculate(x, y),
"y/x": calculate(y, x),
}
if __name__ == "__main__":
x = int(input("x: "))
y = int(input("y: "))
print(calculateInBothSettings(x, y))
Explanation:
I wrote a python script. Example output:
x: 2
y: 3
{'x/y': {'MOD': 2, 'DIV': 0.6666666666666666, 'floating-point division': 0.6666666666666666}, 'y/x': {'MOD': 1, 'DIV': 1.5, 'floating-point division': 1.5}}
13. What two major safety problems does hydrogen present?
Answers
Answer:
The risks associated with the handling of liquid hydrogen are fire, explosion, asphyxiation and extremely low temperature exposure.
Answer:
fire, explosion, asphyxiation, extremely low temperature exposure/cold burns
Explanation:
1. Discuss inverse square law? Corire law of illustration. 2. A lamp fitted with 120 degrees angled cone reflector illuminates circular area of 200 meters in diameter. The illumination of the disc increases uniformly from 0.5 meter-candle at the edge to 2 meter-candle at the center. Determine: i) the total light received ii) Average illumination of the disc ii) Average candle power of the source. 3. Discuss the floodlighting with suitable diagrams.
Answers
1. Inverse square law states that the intensity of light varies inversely with the square of the distance from the source. It can be represented mathematically as: I = k/d², where I is the intensity of light, d is the distance from the source and k is a constant of proportionality.
This law is illustrated by the fact that as the distance from the source increases, the intensity of light decreases proportionally to the square of the distance.2. Given, diameter of the circular area, d = 200 mRadius of the circular area, r = d/2 = 100 mLamp illuminates a circular area of 200 meters in diameter with the illumination of the disc increasing uniformly from 0.5 meter-candle at the edge to 2 meter-candle at the center. The average illumination can be calculated as follows:Average illumination of the disc, I = (0.5 + 2)/2 = 1.25 meter-candleThe total light received can be calculated as follows:Total light received = (2πr² × I) = (2 × π × 100² × 1.25) = 78,540 lumensAverage candle power of the source can be calculated as follows:Average candle power = Total light received/4π = 78,540/4π = 6250 lumens3. Floodlighting is the use of high-intensity artificial light to illuminate a large area.
The purpose of floodlighting is to provide a bright and uniform light over a large area, typically for outdoor sports fields, stadiums, and other large events. It can be achieved using various types of lighting fixtures, such as floodlights, spotlights, and high-intensity discharge lamps. Suitable diagrams for floodlighting are shown below:
To know more about varies here:
brainly.com/question/6499629
#SPJ11
an analysis used for one discrete independent variable with four levels, and one continuous dependent variable:
Answers
A suitable analysis for one discrete independent variable with four levels and one continuous dependent variable would be a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) .It allows for the comparison of means across the different levels and provides statistical evidence of any significant differences observed.
ANOVA is used to determine whether there are any significant differences between the means of two or more groups. In this case, the four levels of the discrete independent variable represent the different groups or categories being compared, while the continuous dependent variable represents the measurement or outcome being assessed.
By conducting a one-way ANOVA, we can assess whether there are any significant differences in the mean values of the continuous dependent variable across the four levels of the independent variable. The ANOVA analysis will provide an F-statistic, p-value, and potentially other relevant statistics that help determine the significance of the observed differences.
If the p-value is below a predetermined significance level (usually 0.05), it suggests that there are significant differences between at least two of the groups. In such cases, additional post-hoc tests, such as Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test, can be conducted to identify which specific groups differ significantly from each other.
Overall, a one-way ANOVA is an appropriate analysis to examine the relationship between a discrete independent variable with four levels and a continuous dependent variable. It allows for the comparison of means across the different levels and provides statistical evidence of any significant differences observed.
Learn more about ANOVA here:
https://brainly.com/question/32604798
#SPJ11
When the process is in control but does not meet specification which type of error is it?
Answers
When the process is in control but does not meet specification, it is referred to as a special cause error.
What is the term for a process in control but not meeting specification?In statistical process control, a process is considered to be in control when it operates within the defined limits and shows only random variations. However, when a process is in control but does not meet the desired specifications, it indicates the presence of a special cause error.
Special cause errors are attributed to specific factors or events that cause the process to deviate from the expected outcome. These errors are typically unpredictable and require investigation and corrective action to bring the process back within the desired specifications.
Read more about control error
brainly.com/question/16230467
#SPJ1
Given that s has been defined, and that the_set that refers to a set, write an expression that whose value is True if and only if the value to which s refers is in the_set.
Answers
If the value to which s refers is in the set the_set, the following expression will evaluate to True:
s in the_set
This expression uses the in keyword to check if the value of s is contained in the set the_set. If the value of s is in the set, the expression will evaluate to True, and if the value is not in the set, the expression will evaluate to False.
HDFS files share an important property with database journal files. What is this property?
A Replicated for security
B Controlled by locks
C Optimized for sequential reads.
D Append-only
Answers
The important property that HDFS files share with database journal files is D: Append-only. Both are designed to efficiently handle data by only allowing appending of new information, which enhances performance and data consistency.
The property that HDFS files share with database journal files is that they are optimized for sequential reads. This means that data is stored in a way that allows for efficient retrieval of large amounts of data in a linear, sequential fashion.
This is important for both HDFS and database journal files because they often deal with large amounts of data that need to be processed quickly and efficiently. The answer is C, "Optimized for sequential reads". I hope this helps!
To know more about database visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/30634903
#SPJ11
Write a program that asks the user to enter a list of numbers. The program should take the list of numbers and add only those numbers between 0 and 100 to a new list. It should then print the contents of the new list. Running the program should look something like this:
Please enter a list of numbers: 10.5 -8 105 76 83.2 206
The numbers between 0 and 100 are: 10.5 76.0 83.2
Answers
In python 3.8
nums = input("Please enter a list of numbers: ").split()
new_nums = [x for x in nums if 0 < float(x) < 100]
print("The numbers between 0 and 100 are: " + " ".join(new_nums))
When you said numbers between 0 and 100, I didn't know if that was inclusive or exclusive so I made it exclusive. I hope this helps!
Which of the following are consequences of burning coal for energy? (mark all that apply) Check All That Apply A. increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere B. increased heavy metals (lead and mercury) released into the air C. acidified rain D. increased radicals that deplete ozone in the stratosphere:
Answers
The following are consequences of burning coal for energy increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, increased heavy metals (lead and mercury) released into the air and Acidified rain. The correct options are a, b and c.
Burning coal produces a number of main emissions: Sulphur dioxide (SO2), which causes respiratory conditions and acid rain, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), which cause respiratory diseases and smog, Particulates that cause lung sickness, respiratory diseases, fog, and haze, The main greenhouse gas produced by burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) is carbon dioxide (CO2).
Mercury and other heavy metals have been associated with developmental and neurological harm in both humans and other animals. Power stations produce bottom ash and fly ash as byproducts of burning coal.
Learn more about coal, here:
https://brainly.com/question/12981477
#SPJ4
EMISSIONS ASSESSMENT
What is the best recommendation you can make to your
customers to prevent emissions systems failure?
Running only ethanol-free gas in their vehicle
Wait until the gas light comes one before filling the car up
Regular maintenance of the fuel and emissions system
Regularly grease tie rod ends
Select Submit
Answers
Answer:
The best recommendation to prevent emissions systems failure is to regularly maintain the fuel and emissions system.
Explanation:
Propane is to be compressed from 0.4 MPa and 360 K to 4 MPa using a two-stage compressor. An interstage cooler returns the temperature of the propane to 360 K before it enters the second compressor. The intermediate pressure is 1.2 MPa. Both adiabatic compressors have a compressor efficiency of 80%.(a) What is the work required in the first compressor per kg of propane?(b) What is the temperature at the exit of the first compressor?(c) What is the cooling requirement in the interstage cooler per kg of propane?
Answers
Answer:
a. 81 kj/kg
b. 420.625K
c. 101.24kj/kg
Explanation:
\(\frac{t2}{t1} =[\frac{p2}{p1} ]^{\frac{y-1}{y} }\)
t1 = 360
p1 = 0.4mpa
p2 = 1.20
y = 1.13
substitute these values into the equation
\(\frac{t2}{360} =[\frac{1.20}{0.4} ]^{\frac{1.13-1}{1.13} }\)
\(\frac{t2}{360} =[\frac{1.2}{0.4} ]^{0.1150}\\\frac{t2}{360} =1.1347\)
when we cross multiply
t2 = 360 * 1.1347
= 408.5
a. the work required in the firs compressor
w=c(t2-t1)
c=1.67x10³
t1 = 360
t2 = 408.5
w = 1670(408.5-360)
= 1670*48.5
= 80995 J
= 81KJ/kg
b. \(n=\frac{t2-t1}{t'2-t1}\)
n = 80%
t2 = 408.5
t1 = 360
0.80 = 408.5-360 ÷ t'2-360
\(0.80 =\frac{48.5}{t'2-360}\)
cross multiply to get the value of t'2
0.80(t'2-360) = 48.5
0.80t'2 - 288 = 48.5
0.8t'2 = 48.5+288
0.8t'2 = 336.5
t'2 = 336.5/0.8
= 420.625
this is the temperature at the exit of the first compressor
c. cooling requirement
w = c(t2-t1)
= 1.67x10³(420.625-360)
= 1670*60.625
= 101243.75
= 101.24kj/kg
thiết kế ic 555 và code để ic hoạt động
Answers
Answer:
here you go.
screenshot 2 should give you some basic idea
Hard steering can be caused by
Answers
Answer:
Lack of fluid oil – lack of fluid oil in your vehicle, or a fluid leakage, can lead to heavy steering. If there is a lack of fluid oil, or a leak, this can reduce the pressure in the system, meaning the steering wheel does not receive enough supply of fluid to perform freely.
Consider steady heat transfer through the wall of a room in winter. The convection heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface of the wall is three times that of the inner surface as a result of the winds. On which service of the wall, do you think the temperature will be closer to the surrounding air temperature?
Answers
Answer:
The temperature of the outer wall surface will be closer to the temperature of the surrounding air.
Explanation
Since the outer wall has a convective heat transfer coefficient that is 3 time the one in the inner surface due to the wind, the outer wall will have a temperature closer to the surrounding air's temperature because the heat that flows from the warmer inner room wall will be rapidly conducted away from the surface of the outer wall by the prevailing wind, leaving it with a reduced temperature that will be closer to the temperature of the surrounding air.
: A uniform slender rod AB rests on a frictionless horizontal surface, and a force P of magnitude 0.25 lb is applied at A in a direction perpendicular to the rod. Assume that the rod weighs 1.85 lb
Answers
To find the acceleration of point A, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object times its acceleration.
The total force acting on the rod is the force P at point A and the weight of the rod at point B. The weight of the rod is equal to its mass times the acceleration due to gravity, so the total force is:
F_total = P + m_rod * g
Where m_rod is the mass of the rod and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
The acceleration of point A is then:
a = F_total / m_rod
To find the location of the point on the bar that has zero acceleration, we can use the concept of center of mass.
For a uniform rod, the center of mass is located at the midpoint of the rod.
The linear density of the rod is equal to its mass divided by its length, so the length of the rod is:
L = F_total / (m_rod / L)
Solving for L in terms of the given quantities, we find that the length of the rod is:
L = (P + m_rod * g) / (m_rod / L)
This equation can be rearranged and solved to find the value of L.
L^2 = (P + m_rod * g) / (m_rod / L)
L^3 = P + m_rod * g
L^3 - m_rod * g = P
L = (P / (m_rod * g))^(1/3)
Substituting in the given values, we find that:
L = ((0.25 lb) / (1.85 lb * 32.2 ft/s^2))^(1/3) = 0.45 ft
So the length of the rod is 0.45 ft and the location of point B is 0.45 ft from point A.
Here the calculation to find that the midpoint of the rod:
((0.25 lb) + (1.85 lb * 32.2 ft/s^2)) / (2 * (1.85 lb / L)) = 0.225 ft
So the point on the rod that has zero acceleration is located 0.225 ft from point A.
The missing part in the question is shown below.
A uniform slender rod AB rests on a frictionless horizontal surface, and a force P of magnitude 0.25 lb is applied at A in a direction perpendicular to the rod. Assume that the rod weighs 1.85 lb, dib, difermine the acceleration of point a) the acceleration of point A , (c) the location of the point B c) the location of the point on the bar that has zero acceleration.
Learn more about newton's law, here https://brainly.com/question/15280051
#SPJ4
el protozoos es del reino protista?
Answers
Answer: Si (Yes)
Explanation:
Answer:
Protozoario o protozoo es un organismo unicelular y eucariota (con núcleo celular definido) perteneciente al Reino protista. Los protozoarios se encuentran junto con los protófitos o algas simples, generalmente acuáticas, dentro del Reino protista o también denominado Reino protoctista.
Explanation:
Help this is very hard and I don't get it
Answers
Answer:
yes it is very hard you should find a reccomended doctor to aid in your situation. But in the meantime how about you give me that lil brainliest thingy :p
Which of the following are the key
aspects a technical engineer will be
asked to do?
A. Build and put together
B. Design and structure
C. Deconstruct and analyze
Answers
Answer: A ,build and put together. engineer build things.
The smaller the grinder, the _______ the speed it turns
Answers
Answer:
faster
Explanation:
because in a big grinder you ca only grind bigger things but not Small things , some parts of your things that will
remain as they were in the beginning, so it will take more time to grind Small things .
If you needed to calculate the mass flow rate rather than volumetric flow rate through the Venturi meter how would you go about it
Answers
Answer:
Follows are the solution to this question:
Explanation:
Its difference in power supply will be smaller whenever the pressure transducer is being performed. Its transducer sensitivity(s) is often used to calculate its number of changes occurring at voltage output of (\(v_o\)) when the supply tension (\(v_s\)) changes with the measured pressure (\(p_m\)) and the rated tension of transducers (\(p_s\)).
\(v_o= (s) V_s (\frac{P_m}{P_s})\)
43) According to kinetic-molecular theory, if the temperature of a gas is raised from 100°C to 200°C, the average kinetic energy of the gas will
A) double
B) increase by a factor of 1.27
C) increase by a factor of 100
D) decrease by half
E) decrease by a factor of 100
Answers
A) double
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the temperature of a gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. The kinetic energy of a molecule is the energy it possesses due to its motion. As the temperature of a gas increases, the average kinetic energy of the molecules increases.
If the temperature of a gas is raised from 100°C to 200°C, the average kinetic energy of the molecules will double. This is because the temperature increase is a 100% increase, and the average kinetic energy of the molecules will also increase by 100%.
It is important to note that this is only true if the volume and number of molecules in the gas are held constant. If the volume or number of molecules changes, the relationship between temperature and average kinetic energy may be different.
To Learn More About Kinetic-molecular theory
https://brainly.com/question/15013597?referrer=searchResults
A basic 3-input logic circuit has a LOW on one input and a HIGH on the other two inputs, and the output is LOW. What type of logic circuit is it
Answers
Answer:
any of AND, NOR, XOR
Explanation:
An AND gate will give a Low output for any input Low. The logic circuit could be an AND gate.
A NOR gate will give a Low output for any input High. The logic circuit could be a NOR gate.
An XOR gate will give a Low output for an even number of High inputs. The logic circuit could be an XOR gate.
The logic circuit could be any of ...
AND or NOR or XOR
__
Additional comment
What you consider a "basic" gate is not defined here. All of these are catalog items. If you consider only AND, OR, and NOT to be the basic gates, then your answer is AND.
Find the perpendicular distance from the point P(9,11,−8) ft to a plane defined by three points A(1,9,−4) ft, B(−4,−8,6) ft, and C(−1,−2,2) ft
Distance = ______ ft
Answers
Answer:
0 ft
Explanation:
The equation of the plane can be found from the cross product AC×BC. That vector is ...
N = (2, 11, -6) × (-3, -6, 4) = (8, 10, 21)
Then the equation of the plane is ...
8x +10y +21z = 14 . . . . . 14 = N·A
Point P satisfies this equation, so is on the plane. The distance is 0 feet.
8(9) +10(11) -8(21) = 72 +110 -168 = 14
In-------process the hot drawn bar or rod is pulled through the die.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
he metallic rod is fixed into the dies by using a die holder and then a drawing head is used in which the metallic rod is fixed through a jaw mechanism. And then the bar is stretched and slides between the surfaces of the die
The volume of a right circular cone of radius r and height h is V = 1 3 πr 2h (a) (i) Find a formula for the instantaneous rate of change of V with respect to r if r changes and h remain constant. (ii) Suppose that h = 2 is fixed but r varies. Find the rate of change of V w. R. To r at the point where r = 4.
Answers
Answer:
(i) \(\frac{2}{3}\)\(\pi\)rh
(ii) \(\frac{16}{3}\)\(\pi\)
Explanation:
Given:
V = \(\frac{1}{3}\)\(\pi\)r²h
Where;
V = volume of a right circular cone.
r = radius of the cone
h = height of the cone.
(i) The rate of change of V with respect to r if r changes and h remains constant is \(\frac{dV}{dr}\), and is given by finding the differentiation of V with respect to r as follow:
\(\frac{dV}{dr}\) = \(\frac{d}{dr}\)[\(\frac{1}{3}\)\(\pi\)r²h]
\(\frac{dV}{dr}\) = \(\frac{2}{3}\)\(\pi\)rh --------------------(i)
(ii)
Given;
h = 2
r = 4
Substitute these values into equation (i) as follows;
\(\frac{dV}{dr}\) = \(\frac{2}{3}\)\(\pi\)(4 x 2)
\(\frac{dV}{dr}\) = \(\frac{2}{3}\)\(\pi\)(8)
\(\frac{dV}{dr}\) = \(\frac{16}{3}\)\(\pi\)
\(\frac{dV}{dr}\) = \(\frac{16}{3}\)\(\pi\)
A right circular cone is one where the axis of cones is the line connecting the vertex to circular base's midway, the volume of right circular cone as follows:
Volume calculation:Formula:
\(V = \frac{1}{3} \pi r^2h\)
Where;
V = right circular cone volume
r = Cone radius.
h = Cone height.
The calculation for part 1:
\(\frac{dV}{dr}\) is indeed the rate of change of V with reference to r when r changes but h remains constant, and it is calculated via calculating the differentiation of V with respect to r as follows:
\(\to \frac{dV}{dr} =\frac{d}{d}r [ \frac{1}{3} \pi r^2h] =\frac{2}{3} \pi r h\)
The calculation for part 2:
When h = 2 and r = 4 then substituting the value into the part 1 equation then:
\(\to \frac{dV}{dr} = \frac{2}{3} \pi (4 \times 2) = \frac{2}{3} \pi (8) = \frac{16}{3} \pi\)
Find out more about the volume here:
brainly.com/question/24086520
A square plate of titanium is 12cm along the top, 12cm on the right side, and 5mm thick. A normal tensile force of 15kN is applied to the top side of the plate. A normal tensile force of 20kN is applied to the right side of the plate. The elastic modulus, E, is 115 GPa for titanium.If the left and bottom edges of the plate are fixed, calculate the normal strain and elongation of both the TOP and RIGHT side of the plate.
Answers
Answer:
\(X_t=2.17391304*10^{-4}\)
\(X_r=2.89855072*10^{-4}\)
\(e_t=0.0026\)
\(e_r=0.0035\)
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Dimension \(12*12\)
Thickness \(l_t=5mm=5*10^-3\)
Normal tensile force on top side \(F_t= 15kN\)
Normal tensile force on right side \(F_r= 20kN\)
Elastic modulus, \(E=115Gpap=>115*10^9\)
Generally the equation for Normal Strain X is mathematically given by
\(X=\frac{Force}{Area*E}\)
Therefore
For Top
\(X_t=\frac{Force_t}{Area*E}\)
Where
\(Area=L*B*T\)
\(Area=12*10^{-2}*5*10^{-3}\)
\(Area=6*10^{-4}\)
\(X_t=\frac{15*10^3}{6*10^{-4}*115*10^9}\)
\(X_t=2.17391304*10^{-4}\)
For Right side\(X_r=\frac{Force_r}{Area*E}\)
Where
Area=L*B*T
\(Area=12*10^{-2}*5*10^{-3}\)
\(Area=6*10^{-4}\)
\(X_r=2.89855072*10^{-4}\)
\(X_r=2.89855072*10^{-4}\)
Generally the equation for elongation is mathematically given by
\(e=strain *12\)
For top
\(e_t=2.17391304*10^{-4}*12\)
\(e_t=0.0026\)
For Right
\(e_r=2.89855072*10^{-4} *12\)
\(e_r=0.0035\)
Many vehicles use halogen light bulbs. What must you avoid when handling halogen bulbs?
Answers
Answer:
here
Explanation:
try not to touch the Glass on Halogen Light Bulbs, even when changing the bulb. This is because when you touch a Halogen Light Bulb, you leave behind a residue on the Light Bulb which can in time cause the bulb to heat up unevenly, and even cause the bulb to shatter as a result.
You need to replace a fiber optic cable that is connecting two switches together. You inspect the existing fiber cable and determine that it uses LC connectors. You also notice the cable's ferrule has a slight slant to it. Which polish grade should you use to replace the existing cable?
Answers
Angled Physical Contact polish
So, To replace the fiber optic cable that connects two switches. If it is found that the existing fiber cable to ensure it has LC connectors and also if the cable's ferrule has a slight slant to it.
Angled Physical Contact polish should be used to replace the existing cable.
What is Angled Physical Contact polish?
APC Connector is a type of fiber connector that reduces back-reflection by applying a 5° to 15° angle-polish to the end faces.
Because of the angle, the reflected light escapes into the cladding rather than remaining in the fiber core.
Angled connectors should only be mated with other angled connectors. When mated to a non-angle polished connector, insertion loss is extremely high. Angle-polished connectors typically have a higher insertion loss than good quality straight physical contact connectors.
When connected, "Ultra" quality connectors may achieve back reflection comparable to an angled connector, but an angled connection maintains low back-reflection even when the output end of the fiber is disconnected.
To know more about fiber Optics, visit: https://brainly.com/question/15741826
#SPJ4
use superposition to find i2. give each sources contribution to i2. give answers to nearest decimal.
Answers
The contribution of voltage source (V1) to i2 is 6.67 V / 30 kΩ ≈ 0.000222 A, and the contribution of current source (I1) to i2 is 0.125 A.
To find i2 using superposition theorem, each independent source (i.e., voltage or current sources) is considered individually while keeping all other sources inactive. After that, all of the solutions are summed up to get the final solution. Here are the steps to solve this problem:
Step 1: Turn off the current source, and find the voltage at node 2 with respect to ground using only the voltage source (V1).To find the voltage at node 2, apply voltage divider rule:
V_2 = {10}/{(10+20)kΩ} * 20kΩ = 6.67 V
Step 2: Turn off the voltage source, and find the current flowing through the 20 kΩ resistor due to the current source.To find the current through the 20 kΩ resistor, we first need to calculate the Thevenin resistance (R_th) between nodes 1 and 2.
To do that, we remove the 20 kΩ resistor and short the voltage source V1. Then we have the following circuit:Here, R_th = 10 kΩ || 30 kΩ = 7.5 kΩ
Now, we calculate the Thevenin voltage (Vth) between nodes 1 and 2. This can be done by applying voltage divider rule as follows:
V{th} = 10 ,V * {30kΩ}/{10kΩ+30kΩ} = 7.5,V
Next, we add the 20 kΩ resistor back in the circuit and calculate the current flowing through it due to the current source: I = (10-7.5) V / 20 kΩ = 0.125 A
Step 3: Sum up the solutions obtained from Steps 1 and 2 to find i2.
i2 = 6.67 V / 30 kΩ + 0.125 A = 0.00039167 A ≈ 0.0004 A
Know more about the superposition theorem,
https://brainly.com/question/14191512
#SPJ11