Four students are each pushing on one side of a box. Mara is pushing to the west, Cindi is pushing to the east, Chris is pushing to the north, and Sammy is pushing to the south. If the box moves to the east, which student does work on the box?

Answer:

Option C. Rate of change of velocity

Explanation:

To know the correct answer to the question, it is important we know the definition of power.

Power can be defined as the rate at which work is done. Mathematically, it is expressed as:

Power = work / time

Work and energy has the same unit of measurement i.e joule. Thus, power can also be defined as the rate at which energy is transferred i.e

Power = enery / time

Energy is measured in Joules and time in second. Thus, power can also be defined as amount of joules transfered per second.

Power = Joule / sec

The rate of change of velocity on the other hand is termed acceleration.

Thus, the answer to the question is option C.

Answer:

The system has parts that sense the amount of output, allows negative feedback to control a system

Explanation:

Yes , Astronomer Edwin Hubble was able to determine the distance .

What is Shapley-Curtis debate ?

The dispute between Shapley and Curtis centered on the existence of other galaxies, with Curtis asserting the existence of other galaxies and Shapley asserting that the other nebulae observed were part of the Milky Way. The argument came to a final conclusion when Hubble was able to show that the Andromeda galaxy is over a million light years away and not part of our galaxy. We were able to determine the distance to a variable star in the Andromeda galaxy more than a year away.

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The mass M of the block which travels to the right at a speed of 3.8 m/s, given that it was stationary before the collision is 17 Kg (4th option)

The following data were obtained from the question:

The mass of 2nd block can be obtained as illustrated below:

Momentum before = momentum after

m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = m₁v₁ + m₂v₂

(5.9 × 8.3) + (m₂ × 0) = (5.9 × -2.5) + (m₂ × 3.8)

48.97 + 0 = -14.75 + 3.8m₂

48.97 = -14.75 + 3.8m₂

Collect like terms

48.97 + 14.75 = 3.8m₂

63.72 = 3.8m₂

Divide both sides by 3.8

m₂ = 63.72 / 3.8

m₂ = 17 Kg

Thus, the mass, m of the 2nd block is 17 Kg (4th option)

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The following denotes the massive, positively charged, nuclear particles is protons. A proton is a subatomic particle having a mass of 1.0072766 amu and a positive charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron but of opposite sign.

Protons are located in the nucleus of an atom and are made up of quarks. They are heavier than neutrons, which are the other subatomic particles present in the nucleus of an atom. Electrons, on the other hand, are negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus of an atom. They are much lighter than protons and neutrons and are located in the electron cloud outside the nucleus. Isotrons are not real particles. They are not listed in any dictionary of particle physics, nor have they been discovered in any experiment. Neutrons, on the other hand, are subatomic particles that have no charge. They have a mass of 1.008664 amu and are located in the nucleus of an atom along with protons.

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Loudness increases by 10 dB for every dB increase in sound intensity. A 40-decibel light rainstorm is 100 times louder than a whisper, whereas a 30-decibel "silent" room is 10 times louder than a 20-decibel whisper. Loud noises can be harmful.

A 10 dB rise results in a two-fold increase in volume. The loudness will therefore rise by nearly 8 times with a 30 dB increase (from 20 dB to 50 dB).

Decibels are measured on a logarithmic scale using a power of ten, which might be perplexing. For those of you without advanced math degrees, this simply implies that the sound intensity doubles for every 10 decibel rise.

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Answer:

c. may be accompanied by the sound of explosively expanding hot air, called thunder.

Explanation:

Lightning is a discharge which is due to the reaction between oppositely charged charges in the clouds, or between clouds base and the Earth surface.

The motion of the cloud causes charging of clouds by friction, thus the reaction between opposite charges (jumping of charges from one cloud to another) in the cloud can lead to lightning. Also, oftentimes the bottom of a cloud is negatively charged so that this is attracted to the positive charge on the earth surface. Thus leading to a discharge called lightning.

Thus in the given question, the appropriate option is C. This implies that, lightning may be accompanied by the sound of explosively expanding hot air, called thunder.

If  a fashion designer decides to bring out a new line of clothing that reflects the longest wavelength of visible light, the articles of clothing would appear red to the human eye.

Visible light is a type of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye. It is made up of different wavelengths, and each wavelength corresponds to a different color. The longest wavelength of visible light is red, which has a wavelength of approximately 700 nanometers.

When light strikes an object, some of the wavelengths are absorbed by the object, and others are reflected. The wavelengths that are reflected determine the color of the object that we see. In the case of red clothing, the material is reflecting the longest wavelength of visible light, which is why it appears red to our eyes.

Different colors can have different psychological effects on people. For example, red is often associated with passion, energy, and excitement. It can also stimulate the appetite and increase heart rate. These effects are often used in marketing and advertising to influence consumer behavior.

In summary, if a fashion designer decides to bring out a new line of clothing that reflects the longest wavelength of visible light, the articles of clothing would appear red to the human eye. This color choice can have a powerful impact on the viewer's emotions and behavior.

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The final magnification will be 400-fold or 400 times the original size of the object.

For magnifying smaller objects, a compound microscope is used.

A compound microscope consists of an objective and an eyepiece, whose diagram is shown in the adjoining image.

The lens  near  the object is called an objective and the other one is the eyepiece.

Let the magnification of the objective be m1

Let the magnification of the eyepiece be m2

The final magnification by the microscope, M, will be

M = m1 x m2

Putting the values in the above equation

M = 40 x 10

M= 400

Thus, the final magnification will be 400-fold or 400 times the original size of the object.

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The government can address the environmental damage caused by thrown-away plastic water bottles through solutions such as implementing a deposit and return system or imposing taxes, which incentivize responsible behavior, reduce plastic waste, and mitigate negative externalities.

a. The economic concept that explains the damage created by thrown-away empty plastic water bottles is "negative externality."

b. Negative externality occurs when the production or consumption of a good or service imposes costs on third parties who are not involved in the transaction. In this case, the irresponsible disposal of plastic water bottles creates environmental damage, such as pollution in landfills and oceans, affecting society as a whole. It is a market failure because the private cost of producing and consuming bottled water does not include the full social cost of the resulting environmental damage.

The market situation in this context involves a divergence between private and social costs. Consumers of bottled water do not bear the full cost of the environmental damage caused by the improper disposal of plastic bottles. Consequently, the market equilibrium for bottled water fails to account for the negative externalities imposed on society.

c. Two solutions available to the government to correct this environmental issue are:

Implementing a plastic bottle deposit and return system: The government can establish a system where consumers pay an additional deposit fee when purchasing plastic water bottles, which is refunded when they return the empty bottles to designated collection points. This incentivizes consumers to return the bottles for recycling or proper disposal, reducing environmental damage.

Imposing taxes or levies on plastic water bottles: The government can impose taxes or levies on the production or consumption of plastic water bottles. This increases the cost of bottled water, reflecting the social cost of environmental damage. The additional revenue generated from these taxes can be used to fund environmental conservation and recycling programs.

d. These solutions will correct the given situation by internalizing the external costs associated with plastic water bottle consumption. By implementing a deposit and return system or imposing taxes, consumers are incentivized to act responsibly by returning the bottles or opting for alternative packaging options. This reduces the amount of plastic waste in landfills and oceans, mitigating environmental damage.

The deposit and return system encourages recycling and reuse of plastic bottles, reducing the need for new bottle production and decreasing overall plastic waste. The taxes or levies increase the price of bottled water, making alternatives like reusable bottles or tap water more economically attractive. The revenue generated from these taxes can be utilized for environmental initiatives such as recycling infrastructure, public awareness campaigns, and research and development of sustainable packaging materials.

Therefore, by internalizing the negative externalities associated with plastic water bottle consumption, these solutions promote responsible behavior, reduce plastic waste, and mitigate the environmental damage caused by improper disposal.

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For the purpose of lifting heavy loads, a block and tackle pulley system consists of two or more pulleys connected by rope or cable. These pulleys are put in a block configuration and connected so that one pulley is stationary and moves with a load.

Threading the rope through the pulley, which increases the force applied to the rope, provides mechanical advantage. Usually, heavy lifting or applying a lot of force in either direction requires the employment of these pulleys.

Examples of block and tackle pulleys are shown below.

Step pulley

This can be thought of as a collection of pulleys. With pulleys of various diameters fixed in order, pulley faces are converted into step pulleys. It is known as a step pulley because of the way it is constructed.

“V” Groove Pulley

This pulley's face has a groove cut into it that resembles the English letter "V." Both electric motors and cars use it. These pulleys utilize a unique "V"-shaped belt. More than one "V" groove may be cut in some pulleys.

These pulley types are utilized for heavy duty power transfer. Less power slippage is possible when many "V" belts are being used.

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11.The time at 75° East longitude would be 1 hour and 20 minutes behind. 12.The time at 135° degrees East longitude would be 4 hours ahead. and 13. the time in Lima, Peru (15° South latitude, 75° West longitude) would also be 9:30 AM.

At 2:00 AM at 90° East longitude, the time at 75° East longitude would be 1 hour and 20 minutes behind. This is because for every 15 degrees of longitude, there is a time difference of approximately 1 hour. Since the two longitudes in question have a difference of 15 degrees, we can divide this by 15 to calculate the time difference.

If it is 8:00 PM at 15° East longitude, the time at 135° East longitude would be 4 hours ahead. Similarly, for every 15 degrees of longitude, there is an approximate time difference of 1 hour. Since the two longitudes in question have a difference of 120 degrees, we can divide this by 15 to calculate the time difference.

There is a 7-hour difference** between 105° West longitude and the Prime Meridian (0° longitude). The Prime Meridian, passing through Greenwich, England, serves as the reference point for determining time zones. As one moves westward from the Prime Meridian, each 15 degrees of longitude corresponds to a time difference of approximately 1 hour. Therefore, the time at 105° West longitude would be 7 hours behind the time at the Prime Meridian.

If it is 9:30 AM in New York (41° North latitude, 75° West longitude), the time in Lima, Peru (15° South latitude, 75° West longitude) would also be 9:30 AM. The latitude does not affect the time difference between the two locations. However, since both locations have the same longitude (75° West), they would experience the same local time. The time difference between different latitudes is primarily significant for determining time zones rather than the actual time within a specific time zone.

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Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

Inside the egg are a series of fluid-filled membranes that permit the embryo to survive: the amnion, allantois, yolk sac, and chorion. Around the chorion is the albumin or "white" of the egg, and an outer shell protects the whole egg, preventing drying while still permitting air to reach the embryo.

The diagram will help you below:

Answer:

Answer: Creating more wind farms results in a reduction of fossil fuel use

Explanation:

Economical improvement is to make earth a superior spot for everybody, without wrecking the opportunities for the following ages. There are numerous Eco frameworks that should be in equilibrium for us to live here, the atmosphere framework is one of them. This framework guarantees that the atmosphere is right and the air transmits the perfect measure of sunlight based energy. With the destructive nurseries gases, (for example, Carbon dioxide) we stop up the air, this progressions the temperature of the earth that can influence our turn of events  

How we use energy is extraordinarily significant. Oil and coal are tests of energy that we may run out of, utilizing energy that restore themselves (wind ranches) is useful for the planet. Wind, water and sun are maintainable.

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Answer:

Answer: D.Creating more wind farms results in a reduction of fossil fuel use

Explanation:

Answer: When a bullet is fired from a gun, the gun gives off a force on the bullet in the forward direction. The force is called the action force. The bullet also gives an equal and opposite force on the gun in the backward direction. That's why when bullets fire out, the force from the bullet also creates a force back.

a) The spring constant can be found using the formula F = kx, where F is the force applied, x is the displacement, and k is the spring constant. Plugging in the values given in the question, we get:

0.5 N = k(0.5 cm)

Solving for k, we get:

k = 1 N/cm

So the spring constant is 1 N/cm.

b) The energy stored in a spring can be calculated using the formula E = (1/2)kx^2, where E is the energy stored, k is the spring constant, and x is the displacement. Plugging in the values given in the question, we get:

E = (1/2)(1 N/cm)(0.5 cm)^2

Simplifying, we get:

E = 0.125 J

So the energy stored in the spring is 0.125 J.

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Answer:

When an atom has an equal number of electrons and protons, it has an equal number of negative electric charges (the electrons) and positive electric charges (the protons). The total electric charge of the atom is therefore zero and the atom is said to be neutral.

Explanation:

An atom has an equal quantity of positive and negative electric charges (the protons and electrons) when its electron and proton counts are equal (the protons). Since the atom has a total electric charge of zero, it is referred regarded as being neutral.

The atom is the smallest unit of matter that may be divided without resulting in electrically charged particles. Additionally, it is the tiniest substance with features like chemical elements. The atom is therefore the basic building block of chemistry.

Examine different electron arrangements in the electron shells that surround an atom's nucleus.

Examine different electron arrangements in the electron shells that surround an atom's nucleus. The rest is made up of a cloud of negatively charged electrons surrounding a positively charged nucleus made up of protons and neutrons. Compared to electrons, which are the lightest charged particles in nature, the nucleus is small and dense.

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2. The primary reflection from the sand/mud interface will arrive first at the hydrophone. To determine which event arrives first, we need to calculate the two-way travel times (TWTT) for each event. The TWTT for the primary reflection from the sand/mud interface is:

TWTT = (2 × depth × sin (angle of incidence)) / velocity

TWTT = (2 × 509 × sin (9)) / 1478TWTT = 0.317 s

The TWTT for the double bounce off the seafloor is:TWTT = (2 × depth) / velocityTWTT = (2 × 509) / 1478TWTT = 0.689 s

Therefore, the primary reflection arrives first at the hydrophone. Here is a simple drawing of the two-event seismic trace:

3. To calculate the time it takes for energy to travel directly from the air gun to the first hydrophone, we need to determine the distance between them and divide it by the velocity of sound in seawater. Using the given values, we have:

Distance = depth + (thickness of sand/mud) + (thickness of mudstone)

Distance = 509 + 1003 + 373

Distance = 1885 m

Velocity of sound in seawater = 1478 m/s

Time = Distance / VelocityTime = 1885 / 1478Time = 1.276 s

Therefore, it takes 1.276 seconds for energy to travel directly from the air gun to the first hydrophone.

4. The maximum takeoff angle at which seismic energy can reflect from the sand/mud interface is called the critical angle. This angle can be calculated using Snell's law:

n1 × sin (angle of incidence) = n2 × sin (angle of refraction)

where n1 and n2 are the velocities of the two materials and the angle of refraction is 90 degrees (since seismic energy travels along a horizontal path once it reaches the interface).

For the sand/mud interface, the critical angle is:

n1 × sin (critical angle) = n2 × sin (90)n1 / n2 = cos (critical angle)critical angle = cos^-1 (n1 / n2)

Using the given values:

n1 = 2793 m/s (sandstone velocity)n2 = 2240 m/s (mudstone velocity)critical angle = cos^-1 (2793 / 2240)

critical angle = 35.9 degrees

Seismic energy cannot reflect from the sand/mud interface at angles greater than the critical angle. For larger angles, the energy will be transmitted into the mudstone.

5. When seismic energy is transmitted into the mudstone, it travels in all directions away from the source. However, the energy will be attenuated (reduced in amplitude) as it travels through the mudstone due to its relatively low velocity compared to the sandstone and seawater.

As a result, the mudstone acts as a barrier that blocks or reduces the energy that would otherwise be transmitted deeper into the subsurface.

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"The type of heat transfer that occurs through fluid motions is known as convection."

Convection, which is the extensive movement of molecules within gases and liquids, is the mechanism through which heat is transported. Conduction is used to move heat from the object to the fluid initially, but fluid motion is responsible for the bulk of the heat transfer.

Forced convection is the term for the movement of fluid caused by an external source (such as a fan, blower, etc.), while natural or free convection refers to the movement of fluid that occurs naturally. This type of heat transfer occurs only when the fluid is in motion.

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The thermal efficiency of the engine is 40%. The correct answer is (a).

The thermal efficiency of a heat engine is given by:

efficiency = (net work output) / (heat input)

We are given the heat input rate as 500 kW and the heat output rate as 300 kW. The net work output rate can be found by subtracting the heat output rate from the heat input rate:

net work output = heat input - heat output = 500 kW - 300 kW = 200 kW

Substituting these values into the efficiency equation, we get:

efficiency = 200 kW / 500 kW = 0.4 = 40%

Option a is correct.

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In an acoustic waveguide

1. The number of nodes must be an integer, the actual number of nodes is either 1 or 2.

2. The distance between adjacent nodes is approximately 7.45 cm.

3. If the tube were filled with helium rather than air, the actual number of nodes is either 7 or 8.

4.The distance between adjacent nodes in helium is approximately 2.59 cm.

1. The number of nodes that exist in the acoustic waveguide can be determined using the formula:

n = (2L/λ) - 1

where n is the number of nodes, L is the length of the tube, and λ is the wavelength of the sound wave. Since the source is at the center of one end of the tube, the length of the tube is half the wavelength of the sound wave in the tube. The wavelength can be calculated using the formula:

λ = 2πr/n

where r is the radius of the tube. Substituting the given values, we get:

λ = 2π(0.25)/n = 0.5π/n

The wavelength of the sound wave in air can be calculated using the formula:

λ = c/f

where c is the speed of sound in air and f is the frequency of the sound wave. Substituting the given values, we get:

λ = 343/(2.3 × 10^3) = 0.149 m

Substituting the values of λ and L into the first formula, we get:

n = (2L/λ) - 1 = (2(0.25)/0.149) - 1 ≈ 1.71

Since the number of nodes must be an integer, the actual number of nodes is either 1 or 2. The actual number of nodes can be determined experimentally.

2. The distance between adjacent nodes can be calculated using the formula:

d = λ/2

Substituting the value of λ, we get:

d = 0.149/2 = 0.0745 m

So the distance between adjacent nodes is approximately 7.45 cm.

3. The speed of sound in helium is higher than in air, so the wavelength of the sound wave in the tube would be shorter in helium. The formula for the wavelength in helium is:

λ = c/√(γRT/M)

where γ is the ratio of specific heats for helium, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in kelvin, and M is the molar mass of helium. Substituting the given values, we get:

λ = 3.14 × 10^2/(√(1.66 × 8.31 × 293/4)) ≈ 0.0517 m

Using the same formula as in part 1, we get:

n = (2L/λ) - 1 = (2(0.25)/0.0517) - 1 ≈ 7.73

Since the number of nodes must be an integer, the actual number of nodes is either 7 or 8.

4. The distance between adjacent nodes in helium can be calculated using the same formula as in part 2:

d = λ/2 = 0.0517/2 ≈ 0.0259 m

So the distance between adjacent nodes in helium is approximately 2.59 cm.

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The question is: You have 500g of ethyl alcohol at a temperature of -40 ° C. How much heat is needed to transform it into steam at a temperature of 150ºC?

Answer: 233700 J heat is needed to transform ethyl alcohol into steam at a temperature of \(-40^{o}C\) to \(150^{o}C\).

Explanation:

Given: Mass = 500 g

Initial temperature = \(-40^{o}C\)

Final temperature = \(150^{o}C\)

The standard value of specific heat of ethyl alcohol is \(2.46 J/g ^{o}C\).

Formula used to calculate the heat energy is as follows.

\(q = m \times C \times (T_{2} - T_{1})\)

where,

q = heat energy

m = mass of substance

C = specific heat

\(T_{1}\) = initial temperature

\(T_{2}\) = final temperature

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

\(q = m \times C \times (T_{2} - T_{1})\\= 500 g \times 2.46 J/g^{o}C \times [150 - (-40)]^{o}C\\= 233700 J\)

Thus, we can conclude that 233700 J heat is needed to transform ethyl alcohol into steam at a temperature of \(-40^{o}C\) to \(150^{o}C\).

Answer:

b) normal

Explanation:

The angle of refraction (transmission) Θt is the angle between the refracted ray and the normal N'. 2. When a light ray hits a surface normally, the angle between the incident ray and the normal is 0, so Θi = 0. Since the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence, Θr= 0.

The angle of refraction is the angle between the refracted ray and the normal, which is option B.

When light travels from one medium to another medium with a different refractive index, it changes direction.

The angle of refraction is the angle between the refracted ray and the normal, which is an imaginary line perpendicular to the boundary between the two media at the point of incidence. The incident ray is the incoming ray of light that strikes the boundary between the two media.

The medium refers to the substance through which light is passing, and the boundary is the surface separating the two media.

However, the angle of refraction is not related to the incident ray or the boundary, but rather the norm.

Thus, the correct answer would be an option (B) normal.

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The length of the straight line drawn from one side of the hoop to the other, passing through the center, is approximately 25.3 inches.

To find the length of the line, we need to find the diameter of the circle, which is the straight line drawn from one side of the hoop to the other, passing through the center.

The circumference of the circle is equal to the length of the strip of metal, which is 79.5 inches. The formula for the circumference of a circle is C = πd, where C is the circumference and d is the diameter. We can rearrange this formula to solve for the diameter:

d = C/π

Substituting the given values, we get:

d = 79.5/π

d ≈ 25.3 inches

Therefore, the length of the line, which is the diameter of the circle, is approximately 25.3 inches.

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Answer:

Determine the total capacitance between points A and B in the figure below. C =104F C = 5uF C=20uF MAE ce Select the best answer: 2.84uF 2.80uF O 2.90pF 2.86F

Explanation:

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Answer: 1) Mass is a scalar quantity while weight is a vector quantity

2) Mass is measured in Gramma and kilogram while weight is measured in Newton.

Explanation:

Mass can be defined as the amount of matter that comprises an object. It is a scalar quantity, that is, it has magnitude. It is measured in kilogram with its unit in Kg. Mass is measured using an ordinary weighing scale.

Weight can be defined as the force acted upon an object due to gravity. Weight is a vector quantity, that is, it has both magnitude and direction towards the center of the earth. Weight can be measured with the use of a spring balance. Its unit is in Newton.

"For every torque, there is an equal and opposite reaction torque." This statement is true based on Newton's Third Law of Motion.

Newton's Third Law of Motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When it comes to torque, this law also applies. Torque is the rotational equivalent of force and is calculated as the product of force and the distance from the axis of rotation (torque = force × distance).

When an object is subjected to torque, it experiences a rotational force that causes it to spin or rotate. As per Newton's Third Law, an equal and opposite reaction torque is generated in response to the applied torque. This reaction torque is necessary to maintain equilibrium in the system and prevent uncontrolled rotation.

In summary, for every torque applied to an object, there is an equal and opposite reaction torque, which follows Newton's Third Law of Motion. This ensures that the object remains in equilibrium, balancing the applied torque with the reaction torque.

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