explain why cells are so small. Please include the words "surface area to volume ratio."

I just need a small explanation

After 5 years, Frederick would have approximately $13,648.98 in his account. We can use the formula for compound interest: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

To determine the amount of money Frederick has after 5 years, we can use the formula for compound interest:

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

Where:

A = the final amount of money

P = the principal amount (initial deposit)

r = the annual interest rate (as a decimal)

n = the number of times the interest is compounded per year

t = the number of years

In this case, Frederick deposited $10,000 with an interest rate of 6.5% compounded quarterly. This means n = 4 (quarterly compounding).

Plugging in the values into the formula:

A = 10,000 * (1 + 0.065/4)^(4*5)

A = 10,000 * (1 + 0.01625)^(20)

A = 10,000 * (1.01625)^(20)

Calculating this expression:

A ≈ 10,000 * 1.364898

A ≈ $13,648.98

Therefore, after 5 years, Frederick would have approximately $13,648.98 in his account.

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During bacterial DNA replication, the direction of replication by DNA polymerases is always in the 5' to 3' direction. This means that the DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing DNA chain, as they can't add nucleotides to the 5' end.

To overcome this problem, the replication of the two DNA strands occurs in opposite directions. The leading strand is replicated continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, while the lagging strand is replicated in short fragments called Okazaki fragments. These fragments are synthesized in the opposite direction to the leading strand, i.e. in the 3' to 5' direction, and then joined together by DNA ligase to form a continuous strand. The replication process is highly regulated to ensure the accurate copying of the genetic information from the parent DNA molecule to the daughter DNA molecules, which are identical copies of the original DNA molecule.

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The atoms with the largest atomic radius are:

(a) Ba

(b) S

(c) Cu

(d) H-

(e) Na

(a) Ba has a larger atomic radius than Mg because Ba has more electron shells than Mg, even though they are in the same period.

(b) S has a larger atomic radius than S2- because S2- has gained two electrons, which increases the effective nuclear charge and decreases the atomic radius.

(c) Cu has a larger atomic radius than Cu+2 because Cu+2 has lost an electron, which decreases the shielding effect of the electrons and increases the effective nuclear charge, pulling the remaining electrons closer to the nucleus.

(d) H- has a larger atomic radius than He because H- has one more electron than He, and the additional electron adds another energy level to the atom, increasing its size.

(e) Na has a larger atomic radius than Cl because Na is a metal and Cl is a non-metal, and metals tend to have larger atomic radii than non-metals.

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In emerging adulthood, physical development is generally considered to be complete, as individuals have typically reached their maximum physical height and strength.

The development of the brain is one aspect of physical growth that is crucial for emerging maturity. It may take until the mid-20s or later for the prefrontal cortex, which controls activities like decision-making, planning, and impulse control, to reach complete maturity.

Since people are normally healthy and have more time on their hands to participate in sports and other physical activities, emerging adulthood is also a time of increased physical activity and exploration.

However, some people may start to experience physical health losses at this time as a result of things like poor nutrition, inactivity, and elevated stress.

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Answer:

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ --> 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O

glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water

Answer: Small molecules can cross plasma membrane into cells

Explanation:

by simple diffusion as they can be soluble in the hydrophobic region of phospholipid bilayer. Lipophilicity is one of the main parameters that determine cell uptake of small molecules

Haploid = 1 chromosome. diploid = 1 chromatid.

A haploid number of an organism =  5.

A diploid number of an organism = 10.

Chromosomes are duplicating in the metaphase stage, so 10 x 2 = 20 chromatids.

Therefore, each dividing diploid cell will have 20 chromatids at mitotic metaphase.

A diploid germ cell divides into four haploid cells into two cell divisions. This process does not occur in organisms that reproduce via asexual processes such as binary fission. A haploid cell contains only one set of chromosomes. Diploids, as the name suggests, contain two sets of chromosomes.

Haploid cells are formed through the process of meiosis. A diploid cell is a cell with two complete sets of chromosomes. Diploid cells have paired chromosomes from both biological parents. Mitosis produces a diploid cell if the parent cell is also diploid. Mitosis produces two genetically and morphologically identical cells.

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The membrane that surrounds a certain type of living cell has a surface area of 7.2×10−9 m2 and a thickness of 1.2×10−8 m. If the charge in part is due to K+ ions, 1.48×106 such ions are present on the outer surface.

The potential on the outer surface of the membrane is +89.8mV greater than that on the inside surface. The following formula should be used to calculate the charge that resides on the outer surface:

Q = CV

where Q = charge, C = capacitance, and V = potential difference.

Capacitance can be calculated from the following formula:

C = A/d

where εr is the dielectric constant, A is the surface area of the capacitor, and d is the distance between the plates.

Substituting the values:

C = (4.4) (7.2×10⁻⁹m²) / (1.2×10⁻⁸m) = 2.64×10−15 F

Then, Q = CV = (2.64×10⁻¹⁵ F) (89.8×10⁻³V) = 2.37×10−13 C

If the charge in part (a) is due to K+ ions (charge +e), the number of such ions present on the outer surface can be calculated as follows: One K+ ion has a charge of +e = 1.60×10⁻¹⁹ C.

Thus, the number of ions can be calculated by dividing the charge by the charge per ion:

n = Q/e = (2.37×10⁻¹³ C) / (1.60×10⁻¹⁹ C/ion) = 1.48×10⁶ ions.

The charge that resides on the outer surface is 2.37×10⁻¹³ C. If the charge in part is due to K+ ions, 1.48×106 such ions are present on the outer surface.

The membrane that surrounds a certain type of living cell has a surface area of 7.2×10⁻⁹ m2 and a thickness of 1.2×10⁻⁸ m. If the charge in part is due to K+ ions, 1.48×10⁶ such ions are present on the outer surface.

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Activation energy is related to exothermic and endothermic reactions because in exothermic reaction activation energy is lower than in endothermic reactions.

Activation energy is defined as the energy that must be overcome for a chemical reaction to take place.

A chemical reaction can either be exothermic or endothermic reactions.

This activation energy is related to exothermic reaction because there is net energy release from the reaction while in the endothermic reaction there is net absorption to energy.

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Cobble particles have a maximum dimension of 256 mm and a minimum dimension of 64 mm, Pebble particles have a dimension of 64mm to  4 mm and Sand particles have dimensions of 2 mm to 0.063 mm.

In the United States, the Wentworth scale is commonly used to classify particle sizes. According to this scale, cobbles are defined as particles with a maximum dimension greater than 256 mm and a minimum dimension greater than 64 mm.

Pebbles have a maximum dimension between 64 mm and 256 mm and a minimum dimension between 2 mm and 64 mm. Sands have a maximum dimension between 2 mm and 0.063 mm and a minimum dimension between 0.063 mm and 0.002 mm.

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Answer:

polystachyum infusions produced the greatest inhibition of onion root-tip cell division and decreased mitotic index but there was no statistically significant intra or interpopulational variability for the P. polystachyum populations from different sites in regard to their cytotoxic effects.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

it is the most specific level of classification

Answer: Dandelions are flowering plants that belong to the family Asteraceae. There are several methods of dispersal that dandelions use to spread their seeds and reproduce.

Explanation:

One method of dispersal for dandelions is wind dispersal. Dandelions have lightweight seeds that are equipped with a fluffy, white pappus, which is a group of long, fine hairs. This pappus allows the seeds to be carried by the wind, which helps to disperse them over long distances.

Another method of dispersal for dandelions is through their fruit, which is a type of dry, one-seeded fruit called an achene. Dandelion achenes are equipped with a sticky, hooked beak that helps them adhere to the fur of animals, clothing, or other objects. When an animal brushes against a dandelion plant, the achenes can be transferred to the animal's fur and carried away, helping to disperse the seeds.

Some other characteristics of dandelions include:

Dandelions have bright yellow flowers that are typically about 1 to 2 inches in diameter.

The leaves of dandelions are long and deeply lobed, and they are typically found in a rosette pattern around the base of the plant.

Dandelions are herbaceous plants, which means that they have non-woody stems and leaves that die back to the ground in the winter.

Dandelions are found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, fields, meadows, and gardens. They are also commonly found in urban areas, as they are able to grow in a range of soil types and are resistant to many environmental stresses.

Dandelions are known for their long taproots, which can reach depths of up to several feet. This helps the plant to access water and nutrients from deep in the soil, making it difficult to remove from the ground once established.

Dandelions are edible and are often used in salads, teas, and other dishes. They are also used in traditional medicine for their medicinal properties.

Dandelions are considered to be a weed by many people, as they can quickly spread and compete with other plants for resources. However, they are also important food sources for a variety of animals, including bees, butterflies, and other insects.

The correct answer is option B.

In the mouth, chewing food adds water in the form of saliva to soften rough and sharp foods. The given statement is false.

Chewing food in the mouth does not directly add water in the form of saliva to soften rough and sharp foods. Saliva is produced by the salivary glands and is continuously present in the mouth. When we chew food, saliva is mixed with the food to aid in the initial stages of digestion. Saliva contains enzymes that start breaking down starches and lubricates the food for easier swallowing.

However, the primary purpose of saliva is not to add water to soften rough or sharp foods but to initiate the digestion process and facilitate the movement of food through the digestive system.

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Answer:

Dryness occurs due to high altitude.

Explanation:

Himalayas greatly influence the climate of the Plateau of Tibet because the the cold winds of Himalayas mountains moves towards Tibet Plateau that leads to low temperature of the Tibet Plateau. Due to presence of the high altitude of Tibet Plateau, the air is dry and thin, having strong solar radiation and the temperature is very low. Annual precipitation ranges from 100 to 300 millimeters (3.9 to 11.8 in) and precipitation occurs mainly as hail and there is less rain on the plateau. The dryness of the plateau is due to less amount of rainfall because of high altitude of 16,000 ft.

The correct answer is (b) mixed blood in the vena cava.

It describes the mixing of blood in the vena cava, which occurs due to the presence of a patent foramen ovule.

The foramen ovule is a small opening located between the two atria (upper chambers) of the heart in a developing fetus.

During fetal development, the foramen ovule allows blood to bypass the non-functioning lungs and flow directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.

However, after birth, the foramen ovule should close and seal shut, redirecting the blood flow to the normal circulation pathway.

If the foramen ovule fails to close properly after birth, a condition known as patent foramen ovule (PFO) occurs.

In this condition, there is an abnormal opening between the atria, allowing blood to mix between them.

This means that oxygenated blood from the left atrium can flow back into the right atrium, and subsequently, into the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

The consequence of a patent foramen ovule is that oxygen-rich blood from the left side of the heart mixes with oxygen-poor blood from the right side of the heart.

This mixing of blood can result in reduced oxygenation of the systemic circulation, leading to various complications.

However, it is important to note that a patent foramen ovule may not always cause symptoms or health problems in all individuals.

Out of the given options, only option (b) accurately reflects the consequence of a failure of the foramen ovule to close after birth.

It describes the mixing of blood in the vena cava, which occurs due to the presence of a patent foramen ovule.

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All of the enzymes that a cell has are found in the cells' cytoplasm. TRUE

When the human body is infected with B. burgdorferi, the bacterium responsible for causing Lyme disease, the immune system produces antibodies in response to specific antigens present on the surface of the bacterium. Outer surface protein A. The correct answer is (A)

Outer surface protein A (OspA) is the first antigen to elicit an antibody response during B. burgdorferi infection. OspA is a major surface protein found on the outer membrane of the bacterium. It plays a crucial role in the initial stages of infection, allowing B. burgdorferi to attach to and invade host tissues. The production of antibodies against OspA is an important step in the immune response to Lyme disease and can be used as a diagnostic marker for the infection.

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Complete Question

The first B. burgdorferi antigen to elicit an antibody response is:

a) Outer surface protein A

b) Outer surface protein B

c) Flagellar 41-kd polypeptide

d) 60-kd polypeptide

A scientific explanation for a set of observations that can be tested and is written with an "if/then" statement is referred to as hypothesis and is denoted as option B.

This is defined as the proposed explanation for a particular phenomenon before several experiments are conducted by others in different parts of the world to confirm its authenticity.

It employs the use of words such as "if/then" which shows its unproven status which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the most appropriate choice.

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Answer:

c) All of the choices are correct

Explanation:

Answer:

A. ( answer)

Enzymes break the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases to separate the two strands of DNA.

Explanation:

DNA replication involves several different enzymes. Enzymes break the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases to separate the two strands of the DNA molecule. Then an enzyme called DNA polymerase joins individual nucleotides together to form the new complementary strands of DNA. Lastly, the DNA polymerase "proofreads" each new strand to make sure that each DNA molecule is perfect, or a nearly perfect copy of the original molecule.

Answer:cccccccccccccccccccccccc

Explanationccccc

Answer: D) Afferent arteriole

Explanation:

The glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries located within Bowman's capsule within the kidney. Glomerular mesangial cells structurally support the tufts. Blood enters the capillaries of the glomerulus by a single arteriole called an afferent arteriole and leaves by an efferent arteriole.

Answer:

Lysosomes

Explanation:

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes that break down proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. They are important in processing the contents of vesicles taken in from outside the cell.

Radiometric dating

is a process that uses the decay of isotopes to determine the

age

of an

object.

In the process of radiometric dating, the

isotopes

of

radioactive elements

are used. The parent isotope is the isotope that decays, and the daughter isotope is the isotope that is produced by the decay. The

half-life

of an isotope is the amount of time it takes for half of the isotopes to

decay.

To date, an object, the amount of the

parent isotope

and the amount of the daughter isotope are measured. The ratio of the parent isotope to the

daughter isotope

can be used to determine the age of the object. The half-life of the isotope is used to calculate the

age

of the object.

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One possible solution to improve the situation of Burmese pythons being invasive in Florida is to implement a comprehensive management plan that involves trapping, removal, and public education.

Trapping and removal efforts could target areas where the pythons are most heavily concentrated and use a combination of methods such as hand-capturing, snaring, and the use of trained dogs. Public education efforts could focus on raising awareness of the issue and encouraging residents and visitors to report sightings of pythons to authorities.

Additionally, stricter regulations on the importation and ownership of exotic pets could help prevent further introduction of invasive species in the state. It is important to note that this solution will require significant resources and long-term commitment from government agencies, non-profit organizations, and the public.

Ongoing monitoring and adaptive management strategies will also be necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the management plan over time.

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Answer:

Advantages

•  After the procedure, the female will no longer have to worry about becoming pregnant again.

•  It causes no hormonal changes to the body.

Disadvantages

•  The procedure is difficult to reverse. So even if there is a slight chance that you might consider having children in the future, this procedure is not meant for you.

•  Tubal ligation does not offer any protection against sexually transmitted diseases.

•  If in case the procedure fails and you become pregnant, you have an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy is the one where the foetus develops outside the uterus.

•  Any kind of surgery is prone to complications and the same applies to mini-laparotomy as well. The surgery might result in some or any kind of infection, bleeding, injury to the bowels, bladder, or uterus. It may also result in permanent scarring.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

DNA synthesis

If the damage is irreparable, the cell may undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death 2. This self-destruction mechanism ensures that damaged DNA is not passed on to daughter cells and is important in preventing cancer.