EOC QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following best illustrates natural selection?
a. An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.
b. A population monopolizes all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate.
c. A community whose members work together utilizing all existing resources and migratory routes.
d. The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities.

2. In his book On the Origin of the Species, Charles Darwin described how species change over time. Which of the following is NOT part of his observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?
a. Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
b. Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth.
c. Species today descended with modifications from ancestral species.
d. Organisms with advantages will survive and reproduce.

3. Over time, the climate of an island became drier, which resulted in changes to the populations of various island finch species. Finch populations with a certain beak shape thrived, while those not having that beak shape decreased. Which of the following describes a necessary condition for these changes in the finch populations to occur?
a. fewer mutations
b. limited food resources
c. limited beak variations
d. overproduction of offspring

4. Which of these would have the least effect on natural selection in a subspecies of giraffes that is geographically isolated from other subspecies of giraffes?
a. available niches
b. existing predators
c. chromosome number
d. available food resources

Answer:

There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER). Both types are present in plant and animal cells. The two types of ER often appear as if separate, but they are sub-compartments of the same organelle.

The production of neurons involves producing many more neurons than necessary, option A.

An electrically excitable cell that shoots electric impulses known as action potentials is referred to as a neuron, neurone, or nerve cell. Synapses are specialised connections that are used by neurons to interact with other cells. These connections convey an electric signal from the presynaptic neuron to the target cell across the synaptic gap. With the exception of sponges and placozoa, the neuron is the primary element of nervous tissue in all animals. Plants and fungus are examples of non-animals that lack nerve cells.

In general, three kinds of neurons are distinguished by their functions. Signals are sent to the spinal cord or brain by sensory neurons in response to stimuli like touch, sound, or light that influence the cells of the sensory organs. The brain sends information to motor neurons.

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Answer:

Sedimentary Rock

Explanation:

When sediments are compacted, they form a sedimentary rock. Also, the other guy can get brainliest.

Answer: All levels of the food web would be affected because it would be difficult to recover nutrients from dead matter and waste.

Explanation: Without decomposers, dead leaves, dead insects, and dead animals would pile up everywhere. Imagine what the world would look like! More importantly, decomposers make vital nutrients available to an ecosystem's primary producers—usually plants and algae.

Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

Ethan filled 10 cups of the same size with equal amounts of water. He divided the  cups into five groups of two cups each. The groups were placed in five different locations around  his house. After two weeks, he measured the remaining water to determine how much had  evaporated, by measuring how much water remained in each cup.

What is the dependent (data) variable?

A. Location of cups

B. Amount of time they were left in locations

C. Amount of evaporated water

D. Size of cups

The dependent variable is the variable whose value is dependent on other variables, particularly the independent variable, in the course of experiments. As the independent variable becomes varied during the experiment, the value of the dependent variable also varies along.

Hence, in this particular scenario, the dependent variable would be the amount of evaporated water. This amount would be dependent on the location of the cups around the house which, in this case, would be the independent variable.

The correct option is C.

Answer:

What Does the Endocrine System Do? Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream. This lets the hormones travel to cells in other parts of the body. The endocrine hormones help control mood, growth and development, the way our organs work, metabolism , and reproduction.

Explanation:

The muscles that assist in the flexion and rotation of the neck and are involved in traumatic whiplash injuries are the sternocleidomastoid muscles and the scalene muscles.

The sternocleidomastoid muscles are located on either side of the neck and are responsible for rotating the head and flexing the neck. These muscles are commonly injured during whiplash injuries due to the rapid forward and backward movement of the head and neck during a car accident or other traumatic event.

The scalene muscles are located on the sides of the neck and are responsible for flexing the neck and assisting in breathing. These muscles are also commonly injured during whiplash injuries due to the rapid movement of the head and neck.

In summary, the sternocleidomastoid muscles and the scalene muscles are the primary muscles involved in the flexion and rotation of the neck and are commonly injured during traumatic whiplash injuries.

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Mutations in genes can be more likely to occur in regions called hot spots, which are areas that contain repetitive sequences. These sequences can confuse the molecules responsible for replication, causing errors to occur. This is similar to an editor who might miss spelling errors in words with repeated letters.

Repetitive sequences can cause bases on the same strand to pair, creating a loop that interferes with replication and repair enzymes, resulting in errors. Palindromes, which read the same on complementary strands in a 5′ to 3′ direction, can also cause mutations by disturbing replication.

The blood disorder alpha thalassemia is an example of the misalignments that can occur when genes contain repeated sequences. During meiosis, homologs with repeated genes can misalign when the first sequence on one chromosome lies opposite the second sequence on the homolog. This can result in a sperm or oocyte with one or three alpha globin genes instead of the normal two, leading to at least three dozen conditions, including colorblindness.

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Answer:

Variation, Inheritance, Time and Adaption.

Explanation:

Natural selection is a simple mechanism that causes populations of living things to change over time. In fact, it is so simple that it can be broken down into five basic steps, abbreviated here as VISTA: Variation, Inheritance, Selection, Time and Adaptation.

Answer:

Natural selection is how populations of living things adapt and change. The evolution of a population's distinctive hereditary features through successive generations is a crucial mechanism of evolution.

Answer:

Pretty sure first one is photosynthesis since you produce glucose and use solar energy.

About the second one maybe you skipped the arrow, but if glucose is in the reactants, then it is cellular respiration ,as it consummes glucose.

Answer:

Brainliest pls

Explanation:

Infections likewise come up short on properties of living things: They have no energy digestion, they don't develop, they produce no side effects, and they don't answer upgrades. They likewise don't recreate freely however should duplicate by attacking living cells.

Answer:  cholesterol.

Answer:

b. biopsy

Hope this helps!

Answer:

Biopsy.

Biopsy is the removal of tissue for further medical examination or for science.

Hope this helps.

Azumayay

Answer:

Prokaryotes are single-celled, and eukaryotes are single-celled or multi-celled.

Explanation:

Prokaryotes are single celled, Eukaryotes are found in multicellular organisms.

Prokaryotes are single-celled, and eukaryotes are single-celled or multi-celled. So, the correct option is (D).

A prokaryote is defined as a single-celled organism which lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria are among the best-known prokaryotic organisms, while the lack of internal membranes in prokaryotes distinguishes them from eukaryotes.

Eukaryotes are defined as organisms whose cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, with a wide range of eukaryotic organisms including all animals, plants, fungi, and protists, as well as most algae. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular.

Thus, Prokaryotes are single-celled, and eukaryotes are single-celled or multi-celled. So, the correct option is (D).

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Answer: it hasn't been proven but here's a good answer

That's more than 65 million years ago. Dig up a fossil today, and any dino-DNA within would have long since fallen apart. That means, as far as scientists know, and even using the best technology available today, it's not possible to make a dinosaur from its DNA

Explanation:

Answer:

Different temperatures in her backyard

Explanation:

The independent variable would be the different temperatures in Pinky's backyard.

The independent variable is a variable whose value is not affected by another variable during research. It is a variable that directly affects the actual variable that is measured - the dependent variable. The independent variable is usually varied in order to see the kind of effect it will produce on the dependent variable.

In the case of Pinky, the different temperature at the backyard affects the number of cricket chirps. Hence, the temperature is considered the independent variable while the number of cricket chirp is considered the dependent variable.

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

You can rule out B and C because offspring produced sexually are not identical to their parents. The amoebas reproduce by binary fission, which is a form of asexual mitosis.

Answer:

D. asexually by the process of MITOSIS

Explanation:

Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction in simple living organisms. The outcome of each cell cycle is two identical cells. Mitotic checkpoints happen at certain stages of mitosis to ensure that each cell receives the same amount of DNA.

Answer: i belive this is an amazing idea here are some bullet points

Explanation:

Good

* it is a natural chemical free way to control the bugs

* It is a great learning experience for your class

* you can learn about the evolution and biology

Enjoy your plants

Answer:

onsider someone on the busy street of a New York neighborhood asking random people that pass by how many pets they have, then taking this data and using it to decide if there should be more pet food stores in that areac

Explanation:

I googled it!! (study.com)

Red blood cells affected by sickle-cell disease have irregular forms that can obstruct blood arteries and result in major health problems. Sickle-cell disease is a hereditary illness that alters red blood cell structure.

To be born with sickle cell disease, a child must inherit the sickle cell gene from both of its parents this often happens when both parents are "carriers" of the sickle cell gene, commonly known as having the sickle cell trait.

Older sickle cell anemia sufferers may change and experience more severe medical complications as a result of the lack of oxygen reaching organ tissues. Those who have sickle cell anemia have a higher risk of lung harm to the liver, spleen, and kidneys.

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A nurse assisting a nursing student with medications asks the student to describe how penicillin work to treat bacterial infections. The student is correct in responding that penicillin disrupt bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Penicillin are a group of antibiotics originally obtained from Penicillium molds, principally P. chrysogenum and P. rubens.

It is used to treat infections caused by bacteria. It does not work on viral infections (such as colds and flu).

Penicillin are members of the β-lactam antibiotics. They are widely used today for different bacterial infections, though many types of bacteria have developed resistance following extensive use.

Penicillin V potassium is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria such as pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections, scarlet fever, and ear, skin, gum, mouth, and throat infections.

The usual dose in humans is 20 to 30 mg per kilogram (kg) (9.1 to 13.6 mg per pound) of body weight two times a day.

Penicillin works best on gram-positive bacteria by inhibiting peptidoglycan production, making the cells leaky and fragile.

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Answer:

ΔG°' for the conversion of citrate to α-ketoglutarate = - 273.64  kJmol-1

Explanation:

ΔG°' for Citrate is +6.64 kJmol-1

ΔG°' for Isocitrate is -267 kJmol-1

ΔG°' for the conversion of citrate to α-ketoglutarate = ΔG°' for product - ΔG°' for reactant

ΔG°' for the conversion of citrate to α-ketoglutarate = -267 kJmol-1 - (+6.64 kJmol-1)

ΔG°' for the conversion of citrate to α-ketoglutarate = - 273.64  kJmol-1

Answer:

Lichens are bizarre organisms and no two are alike. Lichens are a complex life form that is a symbiotic partnership of two separate organisms, a fungus and an alga. The dominant partner is the fungus, which gives the lichen the majority of its characteristics, from its thallus shape to its fruiting bodies.

Explanation:

Hope it helps

Answer:

Here are some explanations from 0nline so if you want rewrite in your own words

hope this helps  :))

blood glucose-

"The control of blood sugar (glucose) by insulin is a good example of a negative feedback mechanism. When blood sugar rises, receptors in the body sense a change. In turn, the control center (pancreas) secretes insulin into the blood effectively lowering blood sugar levels."

"If the blood glucose level is too low, the pancreas releases the hormone glucagon. This travels to the liver in the blood and causes the break-down of glycogen into glucose. The glucose enters the blood stream and glucose levels increase back to normal. This is an example of negative feedback."

body temperature-

" Body temperature is regulated by negative feedback. The stimulus is when the body temperature exceeds 37 degrees Celsius, the sensors are the nerve cells with endings in the skin and brain, the control is the temperature regulatory center in the brain, and the effector is the sweat glands throughout the body."

"Body temperature is controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain. If the hypothalamus detects that the body is too hot, the response is that the body begins to sweat to try and reduce the temperature back to the correct level."

"Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances."

"Negative feedback brings a system back to its level of normal functioning. Adjustments of blood pressure, metabolism, and body temperature are all negative feedback"

D. Either shiny or dull

The best description of the appearance of metalloids when compared to metals and nonmetals is either shiny or dull. Metalloids exhibit properties that are intermediate between metals and nonmetals. Some metalloids, such as silicon or germanium, can have a shiny appearance similar to metals, especially when they are freshly cut or polished. On the other hand, other metalloids, like boron or arsenic, may have a duller appearance similar to nonmetals. The luster of metalloids can vary depending on the specific element and its physical state.

Therefore, the appearance of metalloids can be either shiny or dull, making option D (Either shiny or dull) the correct answer.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

They have lowered birth rate and lowered death rates