The Earth's land areas, oceans, and atmosphere maintain fairly constant average temperatures due to a process called the Earth's heat balance, which refers to the balance between the amount of energy the Earth absorbs from the Sun and the amount of energy the Earth radiates back into space.
The Earth's heat balance is maintained by a number of processes that regulate the temperature of the Earth's surface, including:
Insolation: The Earth absorbs energy from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation, known as insolation. Greenhouse effect: The Earth's atmosphere contains gases that trap some of the heat radiating from the Earth's surface, preventing it from escaping into space. Heat transfer: Heat is transferred from the warmer equatorial regions to the cooler polar regions through a variety of mechanisms, including conduction, convection, and radiation.Albedo: The reflectivity of the Earth's surface, known as albedo, plays a role in the Earth's heat balance.Overall, the Earth's heat balance is maintained by a complex interplay of processes that regulate the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere.
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An elderly person cannot see clearly, without the use of spectacles, object nearer than 200cm. What spectacles will he need to reduce the distance to 25cm? If his eyes can focus rays which are converging to points not less than 150cm behind them, calculate his range of distinct vision when using the spectacles
When using the spectacles with a power of approximately -0.571 D, the elderly person will have a range of distinct vision from 150 cm to infinity.
To reduce the distance at which the elderly person can see clearly from 200 cm to 25 cm, we need to determine the necessary corrective power of the spectacles.
The corrective power of a lens is measured in diopters (D) and is given by the formula:
Power (in diopters) = 1 / focal length (in meters)
Given that the person cannot see objects nearer than 200 cm without spectacles, their current focal length is:
Focal length = 200 cm = 2 meters
To reduce the distance to 25 cm, the new focal length required would be:
Focal length = 25 cm = 0.25 meters
Therefore, the change in focal length is:
ΔFocal length = 0.25 meters - 2 meters = -1.75 meters
Now, we can calculate the corrective power needed for the spectacles:
Power = 1 / ΔFocal length
Power = 1 / (-1.75 meters)
Power ≈ -0.571 D
The negative sign indicates that the spectacles need to be concave lenses, which diverge the light.
Next, to calculate the range of distinct vision with the spectacles, we consider the person's ability to focus rays converging to points not less than 150 cm behind their eyes.
If the spectacles provide a focal length of 150 cm, the power of the lenses would be:
Power = 1 / focal length
Power = 1 / 1.5 meters
Power ≈ 0.667 D
Since the person's eyes can focus rays not less than 150 cm behind them, the range of distinct vision with the spectacles would be from 150 cm to infinity.
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If a body of mass 4 kg moves at a velocity of 25 m/s and has a completely inelastic collision with a body of mass 10 kg, the final velocities of both the bodies is 14 m/s. Calculate the initial velocity of the body of mass 10 kg.
We are given the following information about an inelastic collision.
Mass of 1st object = 4 kg
Mass of 2nd object = 10 kg
Initial velocity of 1st object = 25 m/s
Final velocity of both objects = 14 m/s
Initial velocity of 2nd object = ?
In an inelastic collision, the momentum is conserved but the kinetic energy is not conserved.
Recall that the total momentum is conserved and given by
\(m_1u_1+m_2u_2=(m_1+m_2)v_2\)Let us substitute the given values and solve for initial velocity of the body (u2)
\(\begin{gathered} m_1u_1+m_2u_2=(m_1+m_2)v_2 \\ 4\cdot25+10\cdot u_2=(4+10)\cdot14 \\ 100+10\cdot u_2=196 \\ 10\cdot u_2=196-100 \\ 10\cdot u_2=96 \\ u_2=\frac{96}{10} \\ u_2=9.6\; \frac{m}{s} \end{gathered}\)Therefore, the initial velocity of the body of mass 10 kg is 9.6 m/s
You do 25 J of work while using a hammer. The hammer does 18 J of work on the nail. What is the efficiency of the hammer?
physical science
help please
Answer:
The efficiency of the hammer is 72%.
Explanation:
output work/input work x 100%
18J/25J x 100%
0.72 x 100%
72%
What are the types of potential energy?
Answer:
Gravitational, Electrical, Magnetic, elastic potential, and chemical energy
Explanation:
When I did some research, I found 5 types of potential energy, so list the four that either came up in your lesson or are familiar to you:
Gravitational, Electrical, Magnetic, elastic potential, and/or chemical energy.
How many significant figures does the value 0.080 have?
Two people are standing on rollerskates. One is more massive than the other. They push against each other and move away. How do
their velocities compare?
O a. they move at the same speed
O b. the more massive person moves faster
O c. The more massive person moves slower
O d. the less massive person moves slower
7) when a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an adiabatic expansion, a) its internal (thermal) energy does not change. b) the gas does no work. c) no heat enters or leaves the gas. d) its temperature cannot change. e) its pressure must increase.
When a fixed quantity of an ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion, its internal (thermal) energy does not change, the gas does no work, no heat enters or leaves the gas, its temperature cannot change and its pressure must increase.
This is because in an adiabatic process there is no transfer of thermal energy into or out of the system, so the total energy remains the same and the work done is equal to the change in internal energy. This means that for an adiabatic process, the temperature does not change, but the pressure does increase due to the decrease in volume.
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a rail car moving at 10m/s collides with and connect to another stationary car. What is their final velocity?
Assume they have the same mass
Answer:
read this it might help some
When a moving object collides with a stationary object of identical mass, the stationary object encounters the greater collision force. When a moving object collides with a stationary object of identical mass, the stationary object encounters the greater momentum change.
Explanation:
how long did it take the flag to rotate once in a full circle
Answer:
360 degrees is one full rotation starting at zero
it take 2 s to the flag to rotate once in a full circle with 3 rad/s of angular velocity.
What is Angular velocity and acceleration ?Angular velocity is "rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time". i.e. ω= dθ/dt. it is also defined as angular displacement over time. i.e. ω = angular displacement/Time.
Angular velocity shows how much angle can be covered in unit time. It's SI unit rad/s.
Angular acceleration is rate of change of Angular velocity with respect to time.
i.e. α = dω/dt if an object changes its angular velocity in short time, we can say that it has greater angular acceleration. It is expressed in rad/s².
In this problem we have to calculate time, but the angular velocity id not given.
Consider the angular velocity is 3 rad/s.
Given,
Angular displacement θ = 2π
angular velocity ω = 3 rad/s
Time t = ?
Time = θ/ω
Time = 2π/3 rad/s = 2 s
Hence the answer is 2s.
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A stone is dropped from a height of 7.70 m. How fast is it going when it reaches the ground? (Use energy to solve)
Answer:
v = 12.28 m/s
Explanation:
Given that,
A stone is dropped from a height of 7.70 m.
We need to find the speed with which is it going when it reaches the ground. We can solve it using the conservation of energy as follows :
\(\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2=mgh\\\\v=\sqrt{2gh} \\\\v=\sqrt{2\times 9.8\times 7.7} \\\\v=12.28\ m/s\)
So, it is moving with a speed of 12.28 m/s when it reaches the ground.
Answer:
12.28
Explanation:
right answer for acellus
describe the motion of the moon in space to produce the different phases of the moon.
The motion of the moon in space to produce the different phases is the rotation and the revolution.
Rotation and revolution
The moon's rotation is characterized as the movement that this body performs on its own axis.
In addition, the moon also performs the movement of revolution, which is characterized as the movement of the moon around the Earth.
The revolution lasts approximately 28 days, and just like the rotation allows for the existence of 4 phases of the moon, every 7 days.
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Una muestra de agua de 250g de agua se caliento desde 10°C hasta 60°C calcula la cantidad de calor absorbido por el agua el calor especifico del agua es de 4186J/Kj.K
Answer:
Calor absorbido, Q = 52325 Joules
Explanation:
Dados los siguientes datos;
Masa = 250g to kg = 250/1000 = 0.25kg
Temperatura inicial, T1 = 10°C to Kelvin = 273 + 10 = 283K
Temperatura final, T2 = 60°C to Kelvin = 273 + 60 = 333K
Capacidad calorífica específica = 4186 j/kg.K.
Para encontrar la cantidad de calor necesaria;
La capacidad calorífica viene dada por la fórmula;
\( Q = mct \)
Dónde;
Q representa la capacidad calorífica o la cantidad de calor.
m representa la masa de un objeto.
c representa la capacidad calorífica específica del agua.
dt representa el cambio de temperatura.
dt = T2 - T1
dt = 333 - 283
dt = 50 K
Sustituyendo en la fórmula, tenemos;
\( Q = 0.25*4186*50\)
\( Q = 52325 \)
Calor absorbido, Q = 52325 Joules
A subject is given a sugar pill and is told it may treat anxiety. This person may experience:
Question 1 of 10
Assuming that voltage remains constant, what happens to the current in a
wire if the length of the wire increases?
A. The current is not affected by a change in wire length.
B. The current decreases.
C. The current alternates between high and low values.
D. The current increases.
A car moves with irregular speed its average speed =
Oil flows through a pipe as shown in figure below. If the coefficient of discharge (Cd) for the orifice in the pipe is 0.63. Calculate the discharge of oil in the pipe. 100-mm-diameter, sharp-edged orifice Heavy oil12 s.g.-0.91) 250mm, 350mm Mercury
To calculate the discharge of oil in the pipe, we can use the equation:
Q = Cd * A * sqrt(2 * g * h)
Q is the discharge rate of the oil,
Cd is the coefficient of discharge for the orifice,
A is the area of the orifice,
g is the acceleration due to gravity,
h is the head of oil above the center of the orifice.
Cd = 0.63,
Diameter of the orifice = 100 mm = 0.1 m,
Density of the oil = 910 kg/m³,
g = 9.8 m/s².
First, we calculate the area of the orifice:
A = π * (0.05 m)² ≈ 0.00785 m².
The discharge rate of the oil in the pipe can be calculated using the equation Q = Cd * A * sqrt(2 * g * h), where Cd is the coefficient of discharge, A is the area of the orifice, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the head of oil above the orifice.
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If the density of freshwater is 1.000g/cm^3 and salt water is
1.025 g/cm^3, what is the ratio of z to h
The ratio of z to h can be determined by comparing the densities of freshwater and saltwater. The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume.
In this case, the density of freshwater is given as\(1.000 g/cm^3\), while the density of salt water is given as \(1.025 g/cm^3\). To find the ratio of z to h, we need to consider the relationship between density and volume. The density of a substance can be expressed as the ratio of its mass to its volume.
Let's assume z and h represent the volumes of freshwater and saltwater, respectively. Since density is constant for each type of water, we can set up the following equation:
\(1.000 g/cm^3\) (density of freshwater) = \(1.025 g/cm^3\) (density of saltwater)
By canceling out the units, we get:
\(1.000 (g/cm^3) = 1.025 (g/cm^3)\)
Since the densities are equal, we can conclude that the ratio of z to h is 1:1.
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A 26.5 kg crate is pushed with a force of 1,893 N, moving the crate a distance of 13.0 m. 579 W of power was used. For how much time was the force applied
Explanation:
\(t = \frac{f \times d}{p} \)
t = ?
f = 1893N
d = 13m
P = 579W
t = { 1893×13}/(579)
t = 42.5secs
The voltage between two points in a circuit is 4.2 V. If the resistance between
the points is 72, what is the current, according to Ohm's law?
A. 0.058 A
B. 76.2 A
O C. 17.1 A
O D. 302 A
Answer:
I = 0.058 [A]
Explanation:
Ohm's law is defined as voltage equal to the product of current by resistance.
\(V =I*R\)
where:
V = voltage = 4.2 [V]
I = current [amp]
R = resistivity = 72 [ohm]
Now clearing I, we have:
\(I = V/R\\I = 4.2/72\\I = 0.058 [A]\)
Answer:
A. 0.058 A
Explanation:
The doppler shift is used to find:________
a. photometric binaries.
b. eclipsing binaries.
c. astrometric binaries.
d. spectroscopic binaries.
e. visual binaries.
Answer:
D - Spectroscopic binaries
Research by Goodale and colleagues indicates that the primary function of the dorsal stream of the visual cortex is to.
Research conducted by Goodale and colleagues suggests that the primary function of the dorsal stream of the visual cortex is to process visual information for guiding actions and motor control, rather than conscious perception.
Goodale and his colleagues have proposed a theory known as the two-stream hypothesis, which suggests that the visual processing in the brain is divided into two distinct streams: the ventral stream and the dorsal stream.
On the other hand, the dorsal stream, referred to as the "where" or "how" pathway, is primarily involved in processing visual information for the purpose of guiding actions and motor control. This stream is responsible for extracting spatial information, motion perception, and the perception of depth and location of objects in the visual field.
Goodale and his colleagues have provided substantial evidence for this hypothesis through various studies, including patient studies with individuals who have damage to the dorsal stream. These patients often experience impairments in their ability to interact with objects in their visual field, even though their conscious perception of those objects remains intact.
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A 70kg man runs at a pace of 4 m/s and a 50g meteor travels at 2 km/s. Which has the most kinetic energy?.
Answer:
the 70kg man
Explanation:
because he has more weight and is moving faster
Some knowledge of radioactivity would be useful for understanding which of
the following?
Check all that apply.
A. certain medical procedures
n B. radon in homes
C. rocket boosters on the space shuttle
O D. determining ages of fossils
SUBMIT
Some knowledge of radioactivity would be useful for understanding the certain medical procedures. Option A is correct.
What is radioactivity?The act of producing radiation spontaneously is known as radioactivity. This is accomplished by an unstable atomic nucleus that want to give up some energy in order to move to a more stable form.
Radiation is being employed to assist humanity in medical, academia, and industry, as well as to generate power.
Radiation is also important in agriculture, archaeology, space exploration, law enforcement, geology a variety of other fields.
Some knowledge of radioactivity would be useful for understanding the certain medical procedures.
Hence, option A is correct.
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Braking studies have shown that a tractor-trailer traveling at 55 mph needs ____ the distance to stop as an automobile.
Braking studies have shown that a tractor-trailer traveling at 55 mph needs two times the distance to stop as an automobile.
There are four parts that make up a vehicle's overall stopping distance i.e., Vehicle reaction time and distance, human perception time and distance, human reaction time and distance Vehicle Braking Distance and Time
The maximum distance your car will travel while braking under perfect circumstances. It may require 216 feet at 55 mph on dry pavement with decent brakes. The brakes must use more force to stop a bigger car, which increases heat absorption. On the other hand, large vehicles' brakes, tires, springs, and shock absorbers are made to function optimally when fully loaded. Trucks that are empty need longer stopping distances because they have less traction. It can lock up and bounce, providing substantially worse braking.
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One of the pieces of evidence supporting energy quantization was the line spectra of elements. Why does this demonstrate energy quantization?.
There are distinct emission lines indicating discrete energy levels.
When a component transmits energy in the form of radiation, a spectrum of colors is produced on a photographic plate. This spectrum can be both continuous and discrete. The spectrum persists without distinction between two regions in a continuous spectrum. This represents the uninterrupted radiation emission and thus the uninterrupted emission of energy.
The line spectrum, on the other hand, is made up of discrete and sharp lines that show the emission of radiation in a specific amount over a specific time period, with a break between emission. As a result, the line spectra supports energy quantization.
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he first right-hand rule relates which two quantities?
A.
current (thumb) to magnetic field (fingers)
B.
magnetic field (thumb) to current (fingers)
C.
current (thumb) to force (fingers)
D.
force (thumb) to current (fingers)
Reset Next
Answer: A.
current (thumb) to magnetic field (fingers)
Answer:
A. current (thumb) to magnetic field (fingers)
Explanation:
According to the Right-Hand Thumb rule, if we are holding a current- carrying straight conductor in our right hand such that the thumb points toward the direction of current, then the fingers will wrap around the conductor in the direction of the field lines of the magnetic field.
Hope it helps.
If you have any query, feel free to ask.
An object near the surface of planet X falls freely
from rest and reaches a speed of 12.0 meters per
second after it has fallen 14.4 meters. What is the
acceleration due to gravity on planet X?
Answer:
5.00 m/s^2
Explanation:
Why does plasma challenge what we know about matter? How does it confirm what we already know?
Being made of charged particles, plasmas can do things gases cannot, like conduct electricity. And since moving charges make magnetic fields, plasmas also can have them. In an ordinary gas, all the particles will behave roughly the same way. Auroras, lightning, and welding arcs are also plasmas; plasmas exist in neon and fluorescent tubes, in the crystal structure of metallic solids, and in many other phenomena and objects. The Earth itself is immersed in a tenuous plasma called the solar wind and is surrounded by a dense plasma called the ionosphere.
Plasma is a type of matter in which many electrons freely roam around the nuclei of atoms.
What is plasma?Although plasma is commonly thought of as a subset of gases, the two states behave very differently. Plasmas, like gases, have no definite shape or volume and are denser than solids or liquids.
Plasma is a sort of matter in which numerous electrons freely roam around the nuclei of atoms.
Plasma has been described as the fourth state of matter, alongside solid, liquid, and gas.
Normally, electrons in a solid, liquid, or gaseous sample of matter remain bound to the same nucleus.
Thus, plasma is considered a distinct phase because it does not conform to the standard descriptions and physical laws that are used to describe the standard three states of matter.
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what is the main function of an engine cut-off switch?
URGENT!! ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST! AND 100 POINTS
If Janie puts her hand on a cold metal doorknob, how will thermal energy move?
Answer:
Metal appears cool on touching because heat flows from body( at higher temperature) to iron( at lower temperature)