The reaction of benzene and CH3Cl with AlCl3 yields the product methylbenzene or toluene (C6H5CH3) and HCl.
The Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of benzene with CH3Cl in the presence of anhydrous aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) as a catalyst produces methylbenzene or toluene (C6H5CH3) as the organic product and hydrogen chloride (HCl) as a byproduct.
The reaction mechanism of the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of benzene with methyl chloride can be explained as follows: Formation of carbocation(1) CH3Cl + AlCl3 → CH3+AlCl4-Step 2:Reaction of benzene with carbocation(2) C6H6 + CH3+AlCl4- → C6H5CH3+AlCl4-The reaction can be shown as:C6H6 + CH3Cl → AlCl3C6H5CH3 + HCl In this reaction, the electrophile (CH3+) produced from the reaction of CH3Cl with AlCl3 attacks the benzene ring to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation that reacts further with CH3Cl to produce the toluene product.
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In Niels Bohr’s model of the atom, how are electrons configured?
In Niels Bohr’s model of the atom, electrons are configured in a series of concentric shells around the nucleus. The shells are numbered, with the shell closest to the nucleus being numbered one, and each succeeding shell numbered two, three, and so on.
The electrons in the innermost shell have the lowest energy, while those in the outermost shell have the highest energy. Each shell can hold a certain number of electrons. The first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell up to eight electrons, and the third shell up to 18 electrons. Electrons fill the shells in a specific order, following the Aufbau principle. The principle states that electrons will occupy the lowest available energy level before filling higher levels. Electrons in the same shell have the same energy. Electrons in different shells have different amounts of energy, which corresponds to the distance of the shell from the nucleus. When an electron absorbs energy, it can move to a higher energy level. When an electron loses energy, it can move to a lower energy level. Electrons can also move between atoms, which is the basis of chemical reactions.For such more question on concentric shells
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Draw the structure (s) - 1-bromo-1-chloropropane show wedges and dashes. Draw highest Newman projection looking down th C1-C2 bond
1-Bromo-1-chloropropane has a bromine atom bonded to the first carbon (C1), a chlorine atom bonded to the second carbon (C2), and the remaining carbons connected in a chain. The highest Newman projection looking down the C1-C2 bond shows the C1 atom in the front, the C2 atom at the back, and the other atoms (Br, C3, and Cl) attached to the C1 atom.
Here's the structure of 1-bromo-1-chloropropane, showing wedges and dashes:
Br
|
C
/
C
/
C - Cl
To draw the highest Newman projection looking down the C1-C2 bond, we need to imagine looking along that bond with the C1 atom in front and the C2 atom at the back. The attached atoms (Br, C1, C3, and Cl) will be represented as circles.
Here's the highest Newman projection:
Br
|
C3
/
C1
/
C2
/
Cl
The C1 atom is represented by the intersection of the horizontal and vertical lines, while the C2 atom is shown as the circle at the end of the vertical line. The other atoms (Br, C3, and Cl) are attached to the C1 atom, and their positions are represented by their corresponding circles.
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In a 100.0 g a sample of a compound containing only copper and sulfur There are found to be 79.9 Of copper and 20.1 g of sulfur
A sample of a compound made up exclusively of copper and sulphur weighing 100.0 g was discovered to contain 79.9 g of copper, 20.1 g of sulphur, and 20.01 g of M(s).
What do you mean compound?In chemistry, a compound is a substance made up of two or more different chemical elements that have been combined together in a specific ratio. When the elements interact with one another, difficult-to-break chemical bonds are formed. a substance produced chemically by combining two or more different elements. Examples of compounds are table salt (NaCl), which is generated from the elements sodium and chloride, and water (H2O), which is created from the components hydrogen and oxygen.
What is not a compound?A compound is a chemical entity made up of numerous identical molecules bound together by chemical bonds and made up of atoms from different elements. A molecule is not regarded as a compound if it solely contains atoms from one element.
m = mcompound * W
m(Cu) = 100 g * 0.799 = 79.0* g
M(S) = 100 g * 0.201 = 20.01 g.
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. SE7.12D Which of the following statements accurately represents the differences in
plant and animal cells?
Only plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large vacuole.
Only animal cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large vacuole.
Only plant cells have a cell membrane, mitochondria, and cytoplasm.
Only animal cells have a cell membrane, mitochondria, and
cytoplasm.
CLEAR ALL
Only plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large vacuole.
I hope this helped :)
Features which are found in plant cells only are the chloroplast, large vacuole and cell wall.
Plants and animal cells consists of the following parts ; Mitochondria, cell membrane, vacuole, cytoplasm and so on. The vacuole present in animal cells are much smaller than those found in plant Cells. Hence, vacuole in animal cells are called small vacuole Plant cells also consists of cell wall, chloroplast and a large vacuole. All these are missing in animal cells.Therefore, Only plant cells have "a cell wall, chloroplasts and a large vacuole."
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28. A runner completes a 10 km run in about 30 minutes. What was the runner's average
speed in km/h? Hint: (60 minutes = 1 hr)
a. 10 km/hr
c. 20 km/hr
b. 15 km/hr
d. 30 km/hr
Answer:
20 km/h
Explanation:
Speed = distance ÷ time
Speed = 10 ÷ 0.5 hours
Speed = 20 km/hr
Where dose the energy that drives the rock cycle come from
Answer:
It comes from the sun.
Select all that apply
Identify the relationships that can be derived from a balanced chemical equation.
amount of energy released in a chemical reaction
mass of particles involved in a chemical reaction
number of atoms involved in a chemical reaction
amount of moles involved in a chemical reaction
types of particles involved in a chemical reaction
Need help? Review these concept resources.
The relationships that can be derived from a balanced chemical equation are. options A, B, C,D and E.
amount of energy released in a chemical reactionmass of particles involved in a chemical reactionnumber of atoms involved in a chemical reactionamount of moles involved in a chemical reactiontypes of particles involved in a chemical reactionBalanced chemical equation.
A balanced chemical equation is a equation that have the same number and type of atoms on both the reactant side and the product side.
The relationships that can be derived from a balanced chemical equation are;
Mass of products are equal to mass of reactants which is base on the law of conservation of mass.The number of atoms involved in a chemical reaction. it shows the ratio of the number of atoms of both reactants and products.The amount of moles involved in a chemical reaction. A balanced chemical equation show the stoichiometric ratios of both reactants and products.The amount of energy released in a chemical reaction in both reactants and products.The types of particles involved in a chemical reaction.Learn more about balanced chemical equation below.
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What is/are the possiable products of dehydrohalogentaion of cis-1-bromo-2-ethylcyclohexane?
what is Maximum possible products?
Although Minimum Viable Product strategies are effective for startups, they presuppose you have no limitations. However, in an MPP universe, your limitations serve to focus you rather than to thwart you. Instead than conceptualizing ideas for the future, they require you to consider how well you can meet your clients' wants inside a specific situation that now exists.
Photobox will introduce countless new product lines that are only modifications of current products. For instance, a bowl could be printed as a dog bowl or a cereal dish for kids. The tech stack doesn't need to be altered, and customization yields the highest return on investment for the product.
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william aston created the mass spectrograph to analyze and separated them, found 218 and found mass and percent abundance of each
The given statement " William Aston created the mass spectrograph to analyze and separated them, found 218 and found mass and percent abundance of each atoms" is false.
The mass spectrograph was not invented by William Aston. It was actually invented by J.J. Thomson in the early 20th century.
J.J. Thomson's work with the mass spectrograph led to the discovery of isotopes, which are different forms of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Isotopes have different masses, and the mass spectrograph allowed scientists to separate and analyze them based on their mass-to-charge ratio.
The process of using a mass spectrograph to determine the mass and percent abundance of isotopes is known as mass spectrometry. It involves ionizing a sample, separating the ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio, and detecting the ions to determine their abundance.
The completed question is given as,
State true or false
William Aston created the mass spectrograph to analyze and separated them, found 218 and found mass and percent abundance of each atoms.
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Predicting Reaction Products
Balance the equations and predict the products for the following reactions:
Please help, my teacher never taught us this and it’s due today!
Will mark brainiest and give a lot of points!
The result of a chemical reaction or a process stage is a product (reaction product). a component of the reaction or mechanism stage that is not a substrate, reactant, reagent, beginning substance, or starting combination.
What is meant by reaction product?The organisms that result from chemical interactions are called products. Reactants undergo a high energy transition stage during a chemical process before becoming products. The reactants are consumed as a result of this process. It can occur spontaneously or be facilitated by catalysts, which reduce the energy of the transition state, and solvents, which provide the favorable molecular conditions for the reaction to occur.
Even in the case of reversible reactions, it is customary to draw products on the right side of chemical equations. Several characteristics of a chemical reaction, such as whether the reaction is exergonic or endergonic, are determined by the properties of products, such as their energies.
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How do you calculate the concentration of obtained solution with 2 solutions having the same concentration but different volume?
^
50.0cm³ of 0.0250 mol/dm³ nitric acid was mixed with 40.0 cm³ of 0.0250 mol dm/³ sulfuric acid.
In which example do molecules move the fastest?
You have a block of dry ice (-40°C), an ice cube (-5°C), water (10°C), and alcohol (15°C).
O alcohol
O water
O ice cube
O dry ice
Answer:
alcohol
Explanation:
Help! Hurry! I will mark brainliest if you get it correct. NO SPAM!!!!!!!!
S + 6 HNO3 --> H2SO4 + 6 NO2 + 2 H2O
In the above equation how many moles of water can be made when 134 grams of HNO3 are consumed?
Round your answer to the nearest tenth. If you answer is a whole number like 4, report the answer as 4.0
Answer:
S + HNO3 = H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O
Explanation:
Answer:
Based on stoichiometry HNO3 to H2O is 6:2
Use 9 grams to find the moles of HNO3
9 grams/63g/mol=0.143 moles of HNO3
HNO3:H2O
6:2
0.143*2/6=0.048
H2O moles is 0.048moles
Mass of water =0.048moles*18g/mol=0.864g
To the nearest tenth=0.9grams
Explanation:
I think this is right
PLEASE HELPPPP I WILL GIVE BRAINLIST
The possible values of the quantum numbers are:
Orbital shape quantum number l: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
Magnetic quantum number m: -l to +l.
Spin quantum number, s: +1/2 or -1/2.
What are the azimuthal, magnetic, and spin quantum numbers of the valence electrons in an atom with principal quantum number, n = 6?For the principal quantum number n = 6, the possible values of the azimuthal (orbital shape) quantum number l are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
The magnetic quantum number m can have values ranging from -l to +l, inclusive.
The spin quantum number, s can be either +1/2 or -1/2.
So, the valence electrons in an atom with principal quantum number n = 6 can have the following quantum numbers:
Azimuthal quantum number, l can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
Magnetic quantum number, m can range from -l to +l, inclusive.
Spin quantum number, s can be either +1/2 or -1/2.
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Layla says, "You can have a mechanical mixture that has both solids and liquids in it." Kris says, "A mechanical mixture has to be all solids or all liquids, not both." Whom do you agree with? Give an example to explain why.
I agree with Layla. A mechanical mixture can have both solids and liquids in it. An example of this is a suspension. A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solid particles are not dissolved in the liquid, but rather suspended throughout it. The solid particles will eventually settle out of the suspension over time, but for a short period of time, they will remain suspended throughout the liquid.
Here are some other examples of mechanical mixtures that have both solids and liquids in them:
Paint is a mixture of pigment, resin, and solvent. The pigment is a solid, the resin is a liquid, and the solvent is a gas.Milk is a mixture of water, fat, protein, and lactose. The water and fat are liquids, the protein is a solid, and the lactose is a sugar.Soup is a mixture of broth, vegetables, and meat. The broth is a liquid, the vegetables are solids, and the meat is a solid.Kris is incorrect in saying that a mechanical mixture has to be all solids or all liquids. A mechanical mixture can be any combination of solids, liquids, and gases.
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Question 2: A+ 2B An elementary liquid phase reaction needs to be carried out in a CSTR reactor with a volume 5 m3 and conversion desired is 70%. The molar feed is 30 % A and 70% B at a pressure 202 kpa and 333к 1. Construct a complete stoichiometric table in terms of concentrations 2. What is the rate of reaction of A 3. Calculate k & E and then specify the type of reaction energy Additional information: Total feed: 10 mole/s. Gas constant: 8. 314 kJ/mol. OK Frequeney factor: 0. 00717 m'/mols
Stoichiometric table in terms of concentrations:
Reaction: A + 2B → Products
Volume of CSTR reactor: 5 m^3
Species | Initial moles | Moles reacted | Moles remaining | Concentration (moles/m^3)
A | 0.3 V | 0.3 Vx | (0.3 - 0.3Vx) | (0.3 - 0.3Vx)/5
B | 0.7 V | 2 x 0.7 Vx | (0.7 - 2 x 0.7Vx) | (0.7 - 2 x 0.7Vx)/5
Note: V represents the volumetric flow rate in m^3/s, and x represents the conversion.
Rate of reaction of A:
The rate of reaction can be determined using the rate expression for the given elementary reaction:
Rate = k * [A]^1 * [B]^2
Since the stoichiometry of A is 1, the rate of reaction of A is equal to the rate constant multiplied by the concentration of A:
Rate of A = k * [A]
Calculation of k and E:
To calculate the rate constant k and the activation energy E, additional information is required, such as temperature or rate data. Without this information, it is not possible to determine the specific values of k and E for the reaction.
Once the temperature or rate data is provided, the rate equation can be used to fit the experimental data and determine the values of k and E using appropriate kinetic models, such as the Arrhenius equation.
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Methanol and isopropyl alcohol are types of alcohol that (Mark all that apply.)
- are highly toxic
- can cause death
- lead to long-term alcohol dependence
- a major cause of deafness
Methanol and isopropyl alcohol are types of alcohol that are highly toxic and can cause death.
Methanol is extremely poisonous, and oral, pulmonary, and/or cutaneous exposures can result in serious systemic poisoning and even mortality. Because alcohol-based hand rubs typically contain ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, or mixtures of these alcohols, methanol must never be added to them.
It's critical to distinguish between isopropyl alcohol and methanol and ethylene glycol, which pose greater gastrointestinal risks. Although it increases the osmol gap, isopropyl alcohol does not raise anion gap acidosis, retinal toxicity (as methanol does), or kidney failure (as ethylene glycol does).
Since isopropanol is mainly metabolised to acetone, it usually causes less clinically serious effects when consumed than ethylene glycol or methanol.
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Draw the Lewis dot structure for Al.
The Lewis dot structure for Al (Aluminium) is attached.
Aluminum is located in Group IIIA of the periodic table, and as a result, it possesses three valence electrons. Al is the symbol that is used to represent it. One atom of aluminium has a total of 13 electrons within it. There are eight electrons in the second orbit, three electrons in the third orbit, and two electrons in the first orbit. As a result, the Lewis structure of it consists of three dots surrounding it. Al is the symbol that is used to represent it. The Lewis dot structure for Al (Aluminium) is attached.
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Complete the given equation and mention whether heat is absorbed or evolved during the chemical reaction.
NaOH + HCl ……………. + …………….
need help !! :)
no unwanted ans ...
Answer:
NaCI + H2O
this is answer
To go from grams of one compound to grams of another which of the following do you use?
Use the mole-to-mole conversion factor (B/A) to convert the mass of A first into moles, then back into grams of A using the mole quantity of B.
What is a compound?A chemical compound is a substance that contains atoms from many chemical elements bonded together by chemical bonds. It is made up of numerous similar molecules. Therefore, a molecule made up of only one type of atom is not a compound.
Examples of compounds are table salt (NaCl), which is generated from the elements sodium and chloride, and water (H2O), which is created from the components hydrogen and oxygen.
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The horse achieved its highest status during the___________dynasty (618-906 CE), a time of unparalleled political, artist, and cultural greatness.
A. Qin
B. Han
C. Tang
D. Shang
If sodium (Na) bonds with chlorine (Cl), which statement is true?
An electron is transferred from sodium to chlorine and an ionic bond is
formed.
An electron is shared between sodium and chlorine and an ionic bond is
formed.
An electron is transferred from sodium to chlorine and a covalent bond is
formed.
An electron is shared between sodium and chlorine and a covalent bond is
formed.
Answer:
First Statement is correct
Explanation:
An electron is transferred from sodium to chlorine and ionic bond is formed.
Hope it help!!
If sodium ( Na ) bonds with chlorine ( Cl ), then an electron is transferred from sodium to chlorine and an ionic bond is formed. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is ionic bond ?The main interaction taking place in ionic compounds is ionic bonding, a form of chemical bonding that includes the electrostatic attraction between two atoms or ions with dramatically differing electronegativities.
When the ionic character is larger than the covalent character, i.e., when there is a significant difference in the electronegativity between the two atoms, the bond is more polar than when the electrons are divided more evenly in covalent bonding.
The ionic bond found in the salt sodium chloride is an illustration of this type of connection. The valence electron from sodium is transported to chloride's outer electron shell.
Thus, option A is correct.
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in step 6 of the citric acid cycle when succinate is converted to fumarate, hydrogen atoms are transferred to fad. the ____________ is catalyzed by a dehydrogenase enzyme.
The cycle of citric acid Hydrogen atoms are transported to FAD during the conversion of succinate to fumarate. This process is catalyzed by a succinate dehydrogenase enzyme.
During the process of succinate dehydrogenation, succinate is oxidized to fumarate by losing electrons, which are transferred to FAD, reducing it to FADH2. This transfer of electrons from succinate to FAD is an oxidation-reduction reaction, also known as redox reaction. The energy released during this reaction is harnessed to generate ATP, which is an important energy currency for the cell. Succinate dehydrogenase is an enzyme complex that contains multiple subunits and cofactors, including flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and iron-sulfur clusters. It is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which allows it to transfer electrons to the electron transport chain, leading to the production of ATP. It's important to note that the citric acid cycle is a crucial metabolic pathway that takes place in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells, and it is also known as the TCA cycle or Krebs cycle. The cycle is a series of chemical reactions that converts acetyl-CoA, derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the form of ATP, hydrogen atoms other high-energy molecules.
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Which of the following reactions would you find in a radioisotope thermal generator?
The different possible ways for arranging the particles of a system are called _____. The greater the number of these states, the _____ the entropy of the system
The different possible ways of arranging the particles of a system are called states. The greater the number of these states, the higher the entropy of the system.
By ascribing definite values to a satisfactory amount of variables, one can define the state of a system. In simple terms, it is the description of a system condition in terms of properties that are measurable or observable, for example, pressure, temperature, etc.
Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system, and an increase in the number of states corresponds to an increase in entropy. The S.I. unit for entropy is joules per kelvin. Entropy is a measurable physical property. In a thermodynamic system, it is an extensive property.
Example: There is an increase in entropy when a block of ice melts.
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why should atom or ions join together to form compounds?
Answer:
while atoms form together, they percentage their outermost electrons to create more sustainable strength states. This sharing bonds the atoms into an ionic shape or a molecule
Explanation:
i hope this help a little
what is the molar concentration of a 15.00y weight sodium chloride solution whose density is 1.081 g/ml
The molar concentration of a 15.00y weight sodium chloride solution whose density is 1.081 g/ml is 0.257 M. Molar concentration is defined as the amount of solute present in per unit volume of solution.
We are given, Weight of sodium chloride = 15.00 y. Density of sodium chloride solution = 1.081 g/ml. Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g / mol Molar concentration can be calculated as follows, Firstly, we need to find the number of moles of sodium chloride. Number of moles of NaCl = Mass of NaCl / Molar mass of NaCl= 15.00 y / 58.44 g/mol.
The molar concentration of sodium chloride. Concentration = (number of moles of solute)/volume of solution in litres= 0.00636 mol / 0.411 × 10⁻³ L= 0.257 M. Thus, the molar concentration of a 15.00y weight sodium chloride solution whose density is 1.081 g/ml is 0.257 M.
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Reactions review please help
A solution of cobalt(II) chloride is analyzed, and the concentration of cobalt(II) ions
is found to be 0.27 mol/L. What is the expected concentration of chloride ions?
The expected concentration of chloride ions is 0.54 mol/L
What is molarity?
Molarity of a given solution is defined as total number of moles of solute per litre of solutionExample-One mole of sodium chloride weighs 58.44 grams , if you dissolve 58.44 grams of NaCl in one liter of water, we have one molar solution, abbreviated as 1M.Most commonly used unit for molarity is number of moles per liter, having the unit symbol mol/L or mol⋅dm⁻³ in SI unitChemical formula of Cobalt Chloride is CoCl₂
[Co⁺² ] = 0.27 mol/L (given)
CoCl₂ in aqueous solution ionizes as follows:
CoCl₂ (aq) → Co⁺² (aq) + 2Cl⁻ (aq)
On ionizing CoCl₂ , 2 moles of chlorine is produced. Thus concentration of chlorine will be equal to :
[Cl⁻] = 2 × [ Co⁺² ]
= 2 × 0.27
= 0.54 mol/L
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Which property of silver chloride identifies it as a chemical compound?
O A. It is a heterogeneous substance.
O B. Its elements combine in a fixed ratio.
O c. It can be separated into its components by physical methods.
OD. Its physical properties are between that of silver and chlorine.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
because it has two or more properties