Discussion Question 01-09 a. Explain the typical shapes of the marginal-benefit and marginal-cost curves. The marginal-benefit curve is upward ✓sloping. The marginal-cost curve is upward sloping. b. With these curves, the optimal allocation of resources to a particular product will occur when MB MC c. If current output is such that marginal cost exceeds marginal benefit, should more or fewer resources be allocated to this product? Fewer
Answers
The marginal-benefit curve is upward sloping, while the marginal-cost curve is also upward sloping.
The typical shape of the marginal-benefit curve is upward sloping, whereas that of the marginal-cost curve is also upward sloping. It implies that the marginal benefit declines, whereas the marginal cost increases as the amount of the product produced increases. When both of these curves intersect, the optimal quantity of the product that should be produced is reached.
With these curves, the optimal allocation of resources to a particular product will occur when MB = MC.c) If the current output is such that marginal cost exceeds marginal benefit, fewer resources should be allocated to this product. The optimal allocation of resources to a particular product will occur when the marginal benefit is equal to the marginal cost. If a product is to be produced at all, then it should be produced where marginal benefit equals marginal cost since this is the quantity at which the value of the product to buyers equals the cost of producing it.
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Related Questions
Oceans inc., a seafood distributor, agrees to buy from paul, a commercial fisherman, any "overstock" of fish that paul catches in excess of his legal limit. This agreement is most likely?
Answers
Oceans inc., a seafood distributor, agrees to buy from paul, a commercial fisherman, any "overstock" of fish that paul catches in excess of his legal limit. This agreement is most likely void.
the act of agreeing or of coming to a mutual association. the kingdom of being in accord. An arrangement is ordinary with the aid of all events to a transaction. An agreement or different record delineating such an association. The unanimity of opinion; harmony in feeling: settlement of some of the individuals of the school.
An agreement is a promise between entities to grow mutual obligations with the aid of regulation. segment 2(e) of the Indian contract Act, 1872 defines an agreement as 'each promise and each set of promises, forming the attention for every other, is an agreement.
The definition of agreement manner is the act of coming to a mutual selection, position, or arrangement. An instance of an agreement is the choice among two human beings to percentage the lease in an apartment.
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Morning light does not enter the swamp. Even the sunrise is dark. Still, time progresses, night into day
A picture of bayou country is deceiving Slow streams converge under mud to make the appearance of land that is actually water. One net of moss hangs from one hundred trees. Lightning strikes the
same stump many times.
People pass the swamp's fringes in trains, on tracks that cling to the last solid ground. Out of their windows are landscapes that take the earth's colors to every periphery, Bright orange sunsets
surround people like sky on an airplane. On gray foggy mornings they ride through a dream that has no beginning or end. But time has its limits, these people know. They are expected places--Memphis
by midnight, New Orleans by dawn
Deep in the swamp, animals keep the only appointments Birds gather at high places in trees. Raccoons make their last noisy passes for food across someone's back porch before he awakes. Fish all
around splash up, although they cannot see the morning coming to clean the picture of day like clothes bleaching in a galvanized tub from dark gray to light gray
Joan looked out from the porch to the swamp she had known all her life. Ahead of her in the veiled light were the outlines of many trees. Below and around her were the crisp sounds of nature
awakening Cupped in both hands, perched on her knees was a warm mug of coffee.
Which of the following can the reader infer from the passage above?
O Travelers sleep throughout the journey.
O The ride is for airplane passengers to see the sky.
O Travelers lose their sense of the outside world.
Answers
Answer:
Travelers lose their sense of the outside world.
Explanation:
Study Island
he left the clinic. start's with that
Answers
Answer:
sí, salió de la clínica
Explanation:
What is the purpose of Journals in the accounting cycle?
A. Provide proof of all transactions
B. Record transactions for a business
C. Determines if credits and debits are equal
D. Records transactions in accounts
Answers
Answer:
b. record transactions for business
Explanation:
A journal is a detailed account that records all the financial transactions of a business, to be used for the future reconciling of accounts and the transfer of information to other official accounting records, such as the general ledger.
ldentify the law that protects the consumer from having to pay a credit charge that is in a legitimate dispute.
a. Fair Credit Reporting Act
b. Preservation of Consumer's Claims
C. Fair Debt Collection Practices
d. Truth in Lending
Answers
Answer:
Well its called Fair Credit Billing Act but A is close enough so I guess A.
Also A is The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) is a federal law that regulates the collection of consumers' credit information and access to their credit reports.
Also the Truth-in-Lending Disclosure Statement provides information about the costs of your credit. Your Truth-in-Lending form includes information about the cost of your mortgage loan, including your annual percentage rate. So it could be that one too..
Work Survival skills include?
A. introducing new ideas, coordinating tasks, and managing groups
B. identifying problems, gathering information, and imagining alternatives
C. cooperating, providing support, and expressing feelings
D. being punctual, managing time, and enforcing policies
Answers
Answer:d
Explanation: because it is in the work place survival skills manual
hope this helps
In the Work Survival skills includes the cooperating, providing support, and expressing feelings. The correct option is (C).
What do you mean by Work survival Skills?
The ability to maintain one's life in either a built-up or a natural setting is known as survival skills.
The required skills in the work survival are:
Design thinking.Online cooperationManage cognitive burden.Digital literacyTransdisciplinary.Computation-based reasoning.Cultural sensitivity.Social awareness.Innovative and flexible thinkingPerception.Even though they are not necessary in our modern world of support systems, survival skills will help you become a more independent person who is aware that they don't necessarily need to rely on all of our modern infrastructure systems to survive.
Therefore, in the Work Survival skills includes the cooperating, providing support, and expressing feelings.
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You have to define a regression or a classification problem which has a business application based on a dataset of your choice. A Machine Learning project is generally not linear but will consist broadly of the following major steps.
Define Problem
Prepare Data
Data understanding (EDA)
Define the solving methodology
Model building
Evaluate and compare models
Improve Model
Report Results
What you will have to submit?
1. Jupyter notebook with well commented Python code and results.
2. A report with description of the steps carried out and inference.
For the regression problem, feature selection should have a proper statistical explanation, residual analysis, outlier analysis, and proper steps to further improve your model should be clearly carried out and described in the report.
For the classification problem, some explanation on why the considered features have been selected to build the model has to be provided. Comparisons have to be carried out between at least two classification algorithms
Answers
Regression Problem:
The problem is to predict the price of used cars based on various features such as the car's brand, model, year of manufacturing, mileage, fuel type, and other relevant factors. This regression problem has a business application in the automotive industry, as it can help car dealerships or individuals estimate the value of their used cars or determine the appropriate price for selling or buying a used car.
Major Steps in the Machine Learning Project:
1. Define the Problem:
- The problem is to predict the price of used cars based on given features.
- The dataset consists of historical data on used cars, including their features and corresponding prices.
2. Prepare Data:
- Load the dataset and perform necessary data preprocessing steps such as handling missing values, encoding categorical variables, and scaling numerical features if required.
- Split the dataset into training and testing sets.
3. Data Understanding (EDA):
- Perform exploratory data analysis (EDA) to gain insights into the dataset and understand the relationships between the features and the target variable.
- Analyze the distribution of the target variable (price) and examine the correlations between features.
4. Define the Solving Methodology:
- Choose an appropriate regression algorithm(s) to solve the problem.
- Select evaluation metrics suitable for regression, such as mean squared error (MSE) or root mean squared error (RMSE).
5. Model Building:
- Build regression models using the selected algorithms, considering different hyperparameter settings.
- Train the models using the training dataset.
6. Evaluate and Compare Models:
- Evaluate the trained models using appropriate evaluation metrics.
- Compare the performance of different regression models and select the best-performing one based on the evaluation results.
7. Improve Model:
- Perform feature selection techniques to identify the most relevant features for the regression task.
- Analyze the residuals of the best model and identify any patterns or outliers that may require further investigation or preprocessing.
8. Report Results:
- Prepare a Jupyter notebook with well-commented Python code and present the results of each step.
- Provide a report describing the steps carried out, the reasoning behind feature selection, comparisons between different regression models, and any improvements made to the initial model.
- Include visualizations, tables, and interpretations to support the findings and conclusions.
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Tickets to a fundraiser are $14 if purchased ahead of time and $25 if purchased at the door. The total amount raised from all ticket sales was $625. If eleven tickets were purchased at the door, how many tickets were purchased ahead of time?.
Answers
($14)(25)=$350
($25)(11)=$275
$350+$275= $625
if an agent exclusively advertises in minority publications, the agent may be guilty of?
Answers
If an agent exclusively advertises in minority publications, the agent may be guilty of violating fair housing laws.
The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, familial status, or disability.
By advertising only in minority publications, the agent may be intentionally limiting their outreach to only certain racial or ethnic groups, which could be seen as discriminatory.
This practice is known as "steering," and it is illegal under fair housing laws. Agents should instead strive to reach a diverse audience and provide equal opportunities to all potential buyers or renters, regardless of their race or ethnicity. It's important for agents to be aware of fair housing laws and ensure they are not engaging in any discriminatory practices.
Fair housing laws, such as the Fair Housing Act in the United States, are designed to protect individuals from discrimination based on factors such as race, color, religion, national origin, sex, disability, and familial status.
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How the classification of products is helpful to marketers?
Answers
Classifying products into meaningful categories helps marketers decide which strategies and methods will help promote a business's product or service.
What is the importance of classifying products?
Products are divided into four divisions mostly according to customer buying habits, brand similarity to competitors' brands, and price range. By classifying their products, marketing personnel can develop strategies that specifically address the wants of consumers.
To assist in creating a selling strategy, marketing professionals classify all consumer items into four categories: convenience, shopping, specialty, and unsought.
The classification of products using the proper commodity code is the first and arguably most important step in the import management process. These codes give customs agents information on the importation of goods, their acceptability, and any potential taxes that may be due. Importers who improperly classify their goods are in violation of the law.
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Why is Netflix's stocks going down?
Answers
Answer:
Netflix stock was falling sharply Wednesday after the streaming giant posted disappointing first-quarter earnings, prompting a flurry of price target cuts and critique from analysts.
Explanation:
Hope this helpes.
Will you act immediately on the business opportunity \that you have identified?
Answers
Answer:
Yes because once one has found an opportunity one must seize it.
Explanation:
It is not advisable to act immediately on the business opportunity that is determined.
A business opportunity includes the lease or sale of any specific product, equipment, or service that will help or make it possible for the purchaser-licensee to begin a business. It is important to consider certain other factors before immediately acting on the business opportunity that is determined. They are:
Size of the Market Relationships with potential investors or customers Capability to manage the Cash Flow Persistence and Passion Management skillsThus, we can conclude that one must not act immediately on the business opportunity that is determined before properly analyzing different factors associated with it.
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a government minister in country X recently said: "the secondary sector of the industry will always be more important than the tertiary sector to our economy." do you agree with this view? justify your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Explanations yes i agree with this view since raw material are must for every sector. If there is no product, then service sector will have no work.
tertiary sector provide services for primary and secondary sector also secondary sector depent on pramiry sectorfor the input
A management strategy of giving separate organization units the responsibility to design and administer their own compensation systems is _____.
Answers
It should be noted that management strategy of giving separate organization units the responsibility to design and administer their own compensation systems is decentralized responsibility.
In a decentralized responsibility, there is a room for every team of the organization to carried out specific task.
In this strategy there is allocation of responsibility which is designed to be carried out by each part.
Therefore, dcentralized responsibility is a management strategy of giving separate organization units different responsibility.
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In the case of functions with multiple local optima, most nonlinear optimization software methods can get stuck and terminate at a local optimum.a. True b. False
Answers
Most nonlinear optimization software techniques can become stalled and end at a local optimum when a function has several local optimum points, which is True.
An explanation of nonlinear optimization problems?Any optimization issue with at least one nonlinear factor in the objective function or a constraint is referred to as a nonlinear optimization problem. If a function has nonlinear terms with a power of 4, it is considered quadratic.
Why is there a local and a global optimum?This is due to the convex nature of the objective function you are minimizing, which only has one minima and maximum. So the local optimality also corresponds to the global optimality. Gradient descent will finally locate the answer.
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24. The company is considering two independent projects with an initial cost of $18,000 each. The cash inflows of Project A are $3,000, $7,000, and $10,000 for Years 1 to 3, respectively. The cash inflows for Project B are $3,000, $7,000, and $15,000 for Years 1 to 3, respectively. The required return is 12 percent and the cutoff discounted payback period is 3 years. Based on discounted payback, which project(s), if either, should be accepted
Answers
Answer: Project B
Explanation:
To find out the project that should be accepted based on the discount rate and the cut-off discounted payback periods, find the present value of the three year cashflows of each project. If it is larger than the initial investment then it should be accepted:
Project A
= 3,000 / (1 + 12%) + 7,000 / (1 + 10%)² + 10,000 / (1 + 12%)³
= $15,376.73
Project A's present value is less than the initial investment of $18,000 so it should not be chosen.
Project B
= 3,000 / (1 + 12%) + 7,000 / (1 + 10%)² + 15,000 / (1 + 12%)³
= $18,935.63
Project B's present value is larger than the initial investment of $18,000 so it should be chosen.
A primary result of the Bretton Woods Agreement was:
Select one:
a. 1. establishing that exchange rates of most major currencies were to be allowed to fluctuate 1% above or below th
b. 1. establishing specific rules for the imposition of tariffs and quotas.
с. 1. the establishment of the European Monetary System
d. 1. establishing that exchange rates of most major currencies were to be allowed to fluctuate freely without boundaries
Answers
(Option D) establishing that exchange rates of most major currencies were to be allowed to fluctuate freely without boundaries.
The primary result of the Bretton Woods Agreement, which was signed in 1944, was the establishment of a new international monetary system.
Under this system, participating countries agreed to fix the exchange rates of their currencies to the United States dollar, and the U.S. dollar was fixed to gold at a rate of $35 per ounce.
This meant that the exchange rates of most major currencies were pegged to the U.S. dollar and indirectly linked to gold.
However, this fixed exchange rate system came to an end in the early 1970s due to economic challenges and imbalances.
The United States decided to abandon the gold standard in 1971, leading to the breakdown of the fixed exchange rate system established by the Bretton Woods Agreement.
As a result, the primary outcome of the Bretton Woods Agreement was the shift towards a system of floating exchange rates.
This meant that the exchange rates of most major currencies were allowed to fluctuate freely without boundaries, based on supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets.
The Bretton Woods Agreement resulted in the establishment of a system where exchange rates of most major currencies were allowed to fluctuate freely without boundaries, marking the end of the fixed exchange rate system initially set up by the agreement.
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most commonly, the motivating reason for real property exchanges is:
Answers
The most commonly motivating reason for real property exchanges is tax deferral.
Real property exchanges, also known as 1031 exchanges or like-kind exchanges, are transactions in which one property is exchanged for another of similar nature or character. These exchanges are primarily driven by the desire to defer capital gains taxes that would typically be incurred if the property were sold outright.
By engaging in a real property exchange, property owners can defer the recognition of capital gains tax on the sale of their property. Instead of paying taxes immediately, they can reinvest the proceeds from the sale into another property, thereby preserving their investment and potentially increasing their wealth through continued property ownership.
Tax deferral is a significant benefit of real property exchanges and can provide individuals and businesses with more financial flexibility. It allows them to allocate their resources efficiently, reinvest in properties that better suit their needs or investment objectives, and potentially defer tax liabilities indefinitely as long as they continue to engage in qualifying exchanges.While there may be other motivations for real property exchanges, such as portfolio diversification, estate planning, or acquiring properties with better cash flow or growth potential, tax deferral remains the primary and most common motivating reason for individuals and businesses to participate in real property exchanges.
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A writer, an illustrator, a publisher and an agent would form a
a. Functional team
b. Cross-functional team
C. Management team
d. Corporate team
Answers
Answer:
B. Cross-functional team
Explanation:
A writer, an illustrator, a publisher, and an agent would form a Cross-functional team. The correct option is B.
What are cross-functional skills?A Cross-Functional Candidate, according to Glassdoor, is a candidate with jack-of-all-trades abilities. In other words, a candidate with cross-functional skills is someone who is proficient in one or more related technologies or skills while also being knowledgeable in other technologies or skills.
Working cross-functionally, also referred to as working with teams other than your own, will inevitably occur at some point in your career. And doing it well can inspire innovative ideas, enhance your ability to interact with others, and improve your workplace's culture, productivity, and happiness.
Thus, the ideal selection is option B.
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aspen industries forecasts fcf of $42,396 in year 1 and $53,976 in year 2. after year 2 fcf will grow at a constant rate of 3.3%. if aspen's wacc (cost of capital) is 6.3%, what is the current enterprise value?
Answers
The current enterprise value of Aspen Industries is $1,018,280.
To calculate the enterprise value, we need to discount the expected free cash flows (FCFs) to their present value using the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The formula for calculating the enterprise value is:
Enterprise Value = Present Value of FCFs + Terminal Value
First, we need to calculate the present value of the FCFs in year 1 and year 2:
PV of FCF Year 1 = $42,396 / (1 + 6.3%)² = $39,870
PV of FCF Year 2 = $53,976 / (1 + 6.3%)² = $48,310
Next, we need to calculate the terminal value of the FCFs at the end of year 2:
Terminal Value = Year 3 FCF / (WACC - Growth Rate)
Year 3 FCF = Year 2 FCF * (1 + Growth Rate) = $53,976 * (1 + 3.3%) = $55,835
Terminal Value = $55,835 / (6.3% - 3.3%) = $2,191,875
Finally, we can calculate the enterprise value:
Enterprise Value = $39,870 + $48,310 + $2,191,875 = $2,280,055
PV of Terminal Value = $2,191,875 / (1 + 6.3%)² = $1,261,774
Enterprise Value = $39,870 + $48,310 + $1,261,774 = $1,018,280
As a result, Aspen Industries' current enterprise value is $1,018,280.
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please help me!!! I literally have no clue what it is
Answers
Answer:
Critical Thinking,Mathematics, and Operation and Control.
Explanation:
President Roslin of Country XYZ knows that a new policy is needed to help solve the problem of rising unemployment in her nation. Her next step is to?
A. develop a plan.
B. implement a plan.
C. identify the problem.
D. solve the problem.
Answers
Answer:
I think that the correct answer would be A. to develop a plan. The reason that I think that this is the answer is because she has already identified the problem and the next step would be to create the plan
Explanation:
Oscar received his credit report and sees that his VantageScore is 400. Which factor could be the cause?
a
He filed for bankruptcy 15 years ago.
b
He has five credits cards with high balances.
c
He has a low debt-to-credit ratio.
d
He has applied for his first loan in his life.
Answers
Answer:
b. He has five credits cards with high balances.
Explanation:
A VantageScore is a credit score model that shows the probability that someone will pay the loans. A 400 VantageScore is very poor and people can get this score for different situations like bankruptcies as they will appear in your report for up to 10 years, having high utilization rates on your credit card and missing payments. According to this, the answer is that the factor that could be the cause is: he has five credits cards with high balances because he would have a high utilization rate which hurts the credit score.
The other options are not right because a bankruptcy appears in the report for up to 10 years, a low debt to credit ratio shows that you use your credit in a responsible form and it won't hurt your credit acore. Also, if someone doesn't have a credit history, there is no score because there is no data to define that.
Jeremy Reynolds earned gross pay of 5965 during a recent pay period. He contributes 3% of gross pay to a 401(K) retirement plan Taxable earnings $
Answers
Jeremy Reynolds earned a gross pay of $5,965 during a recent pay period and contributes 3% of his gross pay to a 401(K) retirement plan.
To calculate the taxable earnings, we need to subtract the contribution to the 401(K) retirement plan from the gross pay. In this case, Jeremy contributes 3% of his gross pay to the retirement plan.
To find the deduction amount, we multiply the gross pay by the contribution percentage: 5,965 * 0.03 = $178.95.
To calculate the taxable earnings, we subtract the deduction from the gross pay: 5,965 - 178.95 = $5,786.05.
Therefore, Jeremy's taxable earnings for the pay period are $5,786.05. This is the amount on which taxes will be calculated. It's important to note that tax deductions and other factors may also affect the final taxable income.
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Which of the following skills allows advertising, promotions, and marketing managers to choose which strategies are
best suited to a specific marketing campaign?
Communication skills
Interpersonal skills
Decision-making skills
o Organizational skills
Answers
Answer:
Decision-making skills
Explanation:
Decision making involves an objective comparison between alternatives to make a choice that improves an organization. The decision making skill is a trait that portrays proficiency in relating concepts to organizational goals.
Decision-making skills allow managers to make quick and accurate decisions. A marketing manager will correctly identify strategies to make a marketing campaign successful if they have good decision-making skills.
Read the controlling idea.
The Great Depression made it difficult for citizens to meet their basic needs.
Which best supports the controlling idea?
Answers
The best support for the controlling idea "The Great Depression made it difficult for citizens to meet their basic needs" would be:High unemployment rates resulted in a lack of income and financial resources for individuals and families, making it challenging to afford food, shelter, and other essential necessities.
Many businesses and banks failed during the Great Depression, leading to a decrease in available jobs and a loss of savings for individuals, further exacerbating the struggle to meet basic needs.
The government's limited ability to provide assistance and social safety nets during the economic downturn left many citizens without adequate support to fulfill their basic needs.
These examples highlight the impact of the Great Depression on individuals' ability to meet their basic needs and support the controlling idea that the economic crisis made it difficult for citizens to meet their essential requirements.
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Monopoly profit will _____ when a monopolist goes from single-price monopoly to perfect price discrimination. Remain the same increase decrease initially increase and then return to its original level.
Answers
According to Irving Fisher, a monopoly is a market where there is "no competition," which results in a situation where one person or business is the only supplier of a specific good or service.
What is Monopoly ?This contrasts with oligopoly and duopoly, which include a small number of vendors controlling a market, and monopsony, which refers to a single entity's dominance of a market to buy a good or service.
Monopolies are thus defined by a lack of viable substitute products, a lack of economic competition to produce the good or service.
The action that a business does to become a monopoly is described by the verb monopolize. gains the power to increase prices or reject rivals. A monopoly in economics is a single vendor.
Hence Profit will Decrease .
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# SPJ 1
Statement-McMorrow &
3. Cash Flow
Daughter Ltd
From the following information relating to McMorrow & Daughter Ltd, prepare
a cash flow statement for the four months January to April. Opening cash on 1
January is €3,700. X
Estimated income
• Sales: January €12,800; February €14,100; March €13,900; April €18,750
. Government grant: February €3,000
Estimated expenditure
• Purchase of materials: January €12,000; February €14,000; March €11,300;
April €14,300
Rent and rates: €1,600 per month
• Wages: €1,500 per month
• Telephone: February €300; April €450
61.000 in March answer pls
Answers
The net cash inflow for the period was €12,100 and closing cash balance at the end of April was €15,800.
What is a cash balance?A cash balance refers to the amount of money that a person, organization, or entity has in their possession or available to them at a given time. This can include physical currency, such as bills and coins, as well as digital forms of payment, such as bank account balances or cryptocurrency holdings. Cash balances are important for financial planning and management, as they can be used to cover expenses, pay debts, invest in assets, or save for future goals. It is important to monitor cash balances regularly to ensure that there is enough liquidity to meet financial obligations and take advantage of investment opportunities. Balancing cash inflows and outflows is essential for maintaining financial stability and achieving long-term financial success.
Net Cash Inflow: €12,100
Closing Cash: €15,800
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Tennyson's ultimate goal is to work as the CEO of an advertising agency. One of her goals is to "gain the required experience for the position." What type of goal would this be?
OA performance-based
OB. time-based
O C.
OD. long-term
mid-term
Answers
The type of goal that is been used when Tennyson's ultimate goal is to work as the CEO of an advertising agency and one of her goals is to "gain the required experience for the position is B. time-based goal.
What is time-based goal?
Time-based goal can be described as the goal that is been focused so that it can be achieved on a target date, it involve focusing on a particular thing at a time so as to be successful in it.
In conclusion, from the case above , we can see that her goal is to work as the CEO of an advertising agency which is specific and have time.
Therefore, option B is correct.
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Tony works for an organization that raises awareness about environmental
concerns in the community. He wants to make sure his local congressperson
votes for a new law that would make penalties for polluters more severe. He
knows his congressperson really likes a certain restaurant in town, so he's
thinking about getting him a gift certificate for that restaurant. What ethical
dilemma is Tony facing?
Answers
Answer: C. Whether to give a gift to a politician while lobbying
Explanation:
The options are:
A. Whether to award honoraria to a business leader for reduced pollution.
B. Whether to give a gift to a business leader for reduced pollution
C. Whether to give a gift to a politician while lobbying
D. Whether to award honoraria to a politician while lobbying.
Ethical dilemma occurs when an individual has to make a difficult choice which can end up going against the moral principles.
Based on the situation in the question, the ethical dilemma faced by Tony is whether to give a gift to a politician while lobbying. Even though Tony wants to do the right thing by making sure polluters are punished, giving a gift to the politician is lobbying which is against morally accepted principles.