Pteridophytes are seedless plants that reproduce through spores and have a simple body structure, while Spermatophytes are seed-producing plants that reproduce through seeds and are divided into gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Pteridophytes and Spermatophytes are the two types of plants that differ from each other in terms of reproduction and morphology. Pteridophytes are seedless plants that reproduce through spores. Spermatophytes, on the other hand, are seed-producing plants that reproduce through seeds.
They are further divided into gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms are plants that produce uncovered seeds, while angiosperms are plants that produce seeds inside fruits. Pteridophytes have a simple body structure, and they do not have flowers or seeds. They are also called as the vascular cryptograms. These are simple plants which do not produce any flowers, fruits, seeds, or cones. The pteridophytes life cycle includes a free-living gametophyte phase that produces male and female gametes, which then fuse to produce a sporophyte. The sporophyte stage is larger and more prominent in Pteridophytes.
On the other hand, Spermatophytes produce seeds, which contain an embryo and endosperm. Spermatophytes are divided into two groups; Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. Gymnosperms have uncovered seeds that develop on the surface of cones. Examples include pine, fir, and spruce trees. Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruits. The primary characteristic of Angiosperms is that their seeds are enclosed in fruits. This covering protects the seed and allows it to be transported further from the parent plant by animals that eat the fruit.
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1. Why is it important to the entire scientific community uses the metric system, rather than each country having its choice to follow it’s own system.
Please help me with this question I don’t understand it please
It is important the entire scientific community uses the metric system rather than each country having its own system because when scientist are comparing or sharing results they wont have to do extra steps of converting to different measurements it will just be the same and less confusing.
Explanation:
Hurricanes can lead to deforestation in a way that brings strong winds, heavy rains, and flooding which can result in uprooted trees.(can you add anything else onto this?)
In the coarse of a hurricane, most trees are devastated by wind and flooding. Hurricanes have the possibility to clear out huge and constant rainfall as they make landfall and move inland, crushing the landscape and flooding tree roots. Lengthened flooding can cut off oxygen within the soil. The absence of oxygen cripples root systems and finally leads to tree death. Hurricane-force winds can pull stretch tree roots and cause them to snap and fall over. Hurricanes can curtail a forest's capacity to consume and stock carbon dioxide. It can even expedite global warming, with downed trees emitting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
When studying
deforestation of
rainforests, a
biologist is working
within which field
of biology?
A. evolution of diseases
B. ecology
C. genomics & molecular
biology
D. biotechnology
Answer: The answer is ecology.
Explanation: Ecology is the answer because it deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
9. Javier is a navigator for the navy His ship has just lost all power in the middle of the ocean, including access to your GPS. Which astronomical tool would be MOST helpful in this situation?
What did
Rudolph Diesel use as fuel?
role of all four types of lipids: fats, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids.
The four types of lipids, namely fats, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids, play distinct roles in various biological processes. Fats are primarily involved in energy storage, while phospholipids form the structural basis of cell membranes. Waxes provide protection and waterproofing for plants and animals, and steroids serve as signaling molecules and are involved in various physiological functions.
1. Fats: Fats, also known as triglycerides, are a type of lipid that play a crucial role in energy storage. They are composed of glycerol and three fatty acid chains. Fats are stored in adipose tissue and serve as a long-term energy reserve. During times of energy deficiency, fats are broken down through a process called lipolysis to release energy.
2. Phospholipids: Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes. They consist of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group. The unique structure of phospholipids allows them to form a lipid bilayer in cell membranes, with the hydrophobic fatty acid tails facing inward and the hydrophilic phosphate heads facing outward. This arrangement creates a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
3. Waxes: Waxes are a type of lipid that serve protective functions in both plants and animals. They are composed of long-chain fatty acids and a long-chain alcohol. In plants, waxes form a waterproof coating on the outer surfaces of leaves, stems, and fruits, preventing excessive water loss and providing protection against pathogens. In animals, waxes are found in structures such as the ear canal, providing lubrication and protection against foreign particles.
4. Steroids: Steroids are a class of lipids characterized by a four-ring structure. They have diverse roles in the body, including serving as signaling molecules and regulating various physiological processes. For example, cholesterol, a type of steroid, is a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, and cortisol. These hormones play essential roles in reproduction, development, and metabolism.
Overall, the four types of lipids - fats, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids - each have distinct functions and contribute to various biological processes in organisms.
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Point A and point B are 50 meters apart. The temperature at point A is 60°C. At point B, it is 55°C. The temperature gradient between the points is
0.1°C/m
.
Keeping other conditions constant, if the mantle and the crust were closer to each other, the temperature gradient between the two would be
.
The temperature gradient between points A and B is 0.1°C/m and keeping other conditions constant, if the mantle and the crust were closer to each other then the temperature gradient between the two would increase.
The temperature gradient between points A and B is 0.1°C/m. This means that for every meter traveled between the two points, the temperature decreases by 0.1°C. Therefore, the temperature difference between the two points can be attributed to their distance apart.
If the mantle and the crust were closer to each other, the distance between them would decrease. As a result, the temperature gradient between the two would increase. This is because a shorter distance would mean that there is less space for the heat to dissipate, leading to a greater temperature difference over a shorter distance.
The exact increase in temperature gradient would depend on the new distance between the mantle and the crust. However, it can be predicted that the temperature difference between the two points would increase as the distance between them decreases.
In summary, if the mantle and the crust were closer to each other, the temperature gradient between the two would increase. This would lead to a greater temperature difference over a shorter distance.
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El Ninos tend to result in cooler,wetter conditions across Texas.Which is likely to occur in Texas during El Ninos
El niño causes a drop in temperatures and increases in rainfall across Texas.
What is El niño?The unusual warming up of the surface of the water in the eastern tropical region of the Pacific ocean is termed El niño. El niño is a phase of the phenomenon called the El niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
El niño is the warmer phase of this phenomenon. The cool phase of the ENSO phenomenon is called the La niña. It results in the cooling of the regions of the water's surface.
El niño impacts the currents of the oceans starting from Australia to Southern America. It is an irregular event and can happen once from two to seven years.
Therefore, in texas, it results in a drop in temperatures and increases in rainfall.
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Storing water in dams, forecasting rainfall, and getting insurance on surrounding areas are all factors of:
A. implementing the Clean Water Act.
B. All of these
C. managing river floodings.
D. managing the hypoxic zone of the Gulf of Mexico.
Considering the samples given to the
student groups, what would be the BEST
physical property to use for identification?
A specific heat
B
mass
C hardness
D density
Hardness is the best physical property to use for identification in the samples given to the student groups. The correct option to this question is C.
One of the most helpful characteristics for classifying minerals is their resistance to scratching, or hardness. The ability of one mineral to scrape another mineral determines how hard something is. A hardness scale was created by German mineralogist Federick Mohs utilizing a group of ten reference minerals. The scale puts the minerals in ascending order of hardness. Each harder (higher-numbered) material will scuff any harder (lower-numbered) mineral (softer).A set of useful tools can be put together to provide a crude measurement of mineral hardness. The hardness of a fingernail is between 2 and 2.5, that of a penny is between 3 and 5, that of window glass is between 5.5 and around 6, and that of a knife blade is often between 2 and 3.For more information on physical property kindly visit to
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In a diploid species of plant, the genes for plant height and fruit shape are syntenic and separated by 18 m.u. Allele D produces tall plants and is dominant to d for short plants, and allele R produces round fruit and is dominant to r for oval fruit. The expected percentages of progeny phenotypes are listed below:
tall oval = 41%
short round = 41%
tall round = 9%
short oval = 9%
(a) What proportion are expected to be tall and produce round fruit?
In a diploid plant species, the proportion of progeny expected to be tall and produce round fruit is 32%.
In a diploid species of plant, the genes for plant height and fruit shape are syntenic and separated by 18 m.u. The expected percentages of progeny phenotypes are tall oval = 41%, short round = 41%, tall round = 9%, and short oval = 9%.To determine the proportion of progeny expected to be tall and produce round fruit, we need to consider the alleles for each trait. Allele D produces tall plants (dominant) and allele d produces short plants (recessive). Allele R produces round fruit (dominant) and allele r produces oval fruit (recessive).From the given percentages, we can deduce that tall ovals and short ovals combined make up 9%. Since tall oval is 41% and short oval is 9%, the proportion of progeny expected to be tall and produce round fruit is 41% - 9% = 32%.Therefore, the proportion of progeny expected to be tall and produce round fruit is 32%.For more questions on diploid plant
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Which of the following best explains why bacteria are able to adapt to
changing environmental conditions?
A Bacteria have DNA that rarely mutates in the population.
B Bacteria reproduce rapidly, allowing mutations to increase in the
population.
C Bacteria reproduce asexually, causing little genetic variation in the
population.
D Bacteria exchange genetic material, which increases the number of
chromosomes in the population.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Strong sugar solution A Pin holding potato .Potato Pure water -Beaker 1.4.1 State TWO differences between the process investigated in the diagram above and diffusion. 1.4.2 Give ONE planning step that should be considered prior to this Investigation. 1.4.3 Explain the importance of the potato in this investigation.
1.4.1 Two differences between the process investigated in the diagram above and diffusion:
In the diagram, the process being investigated involves osmosis, not diffusion. Diffusion refers to the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, while osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane.In osmosis, the movement of water molecules occurs in response to the concentration gradient of solute particles, whereas in diffusion, the movement of particles is driven solely by the concentration gradient of the particles themselves.1.4.2 One planning step that should be considered prior to this investigation:
It is important to establish a clear and measurable objective for the investigation. This could involve defining the specific research question or hypothesis that the investigation aims to address. Having a well-defined objective will help guide the experimental design and ensure that relevant data is collected.1.4.3 The importance of the potato in this investigation:
The potato is important in this investigation because it serves as the object of study or the sample material through which osmosis is observed. The potato, being a plant tissue, contains cells with semi-permeable membranes that allow the passage of water molecules but restrict the movement of solute particles. By placing the potato in the strong sugar solution and observing the changes in its weight or texture, one can study the process of osmosis and the effects of water movement across the potato cells. The potato serves as a model system to understand the principles and mechanisms of osmosis in biological systems.for similar questions on sugar solution.
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Developing a Molecular Clock Model
You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. Follow these guidelines to make your model:
Your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. The common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. The gene that you’ll track codes for a protein in the species’ venom.
The DNA sequence you’ll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. You can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur.
This gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. To build your model, calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate.
The first time period will only show the common ancestor. At the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences.
The first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. The second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago.
Calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. Explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation.
It would take approximately 22.7 million years for one full base pair mutation to occur.
What is mutation ?
To calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate, we need to use the mutation rate of 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years.
The rate of mutation per year is calculated as follows:
0.76 base pairs / 17.1 million years = 0.044 base pairs per million years
To calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur, we need to divide 1 by the mutation rate per million years:
1 base pair / 0.044 base pairs per million years = 22.7 million years per full base pair mutation
Therefore, it would take approximately 22.7 million years for one full base pair mutation to occur.
To construct the mathematical equation, we can use the formula:
Time for full mutation = 1 / (mutation rate per unit time)
Where the mutation rate per unit time is the rate of mutation per million years (0.044 base pairs per million years).
Plugging in the values, we get:
Time for full mutation = 1 / 0.044 = 22.7 million years per full base pair mutation.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. Plant cells have large central ______ where water, salts, and sugars are stored and where materials are broken down and recycled with enzymes similar to lysosomes in animal cells.
Answer:
vacuole
Explanation:
Plant cells have large central vacuole where water, salts, and sugars are stored and where materials are broken down and recycled with enzymes similar to lysosomes in animal cells.
vacuole- A membrane-bound cell organelle known as a vacuole. Animal cells typically have tiny vacuoles that aid in the sequestration of waste. Vacuoles in plant cells aid in preserving the equilibrium of water. A single vacuole may occasionally occupy the majority of a plant cell's inner volume.
How could the number of cells affect absorption?
How would you expect pigments to change over time in an evergreen tree like a loblolly pine that is green throughout the year
Answer: There is no change in the chlorophyll A and B over time, concentration would not decline in late autumn.
Explanation:
Evergreen are trees whose foliage is green throughout the year, so they do not shows senescence during autumn. This green color is due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is a photosynthetic pigment found in chloroplasts of plant cells. The pigment is located inside the membranes of the tilacoids of the organelle. It also fulfills the function of carrying out photosynthesis, using light energy and water to fix carbon and be able to manufacture glucose which is the source of energy.
There are four types of chlorophyll:
Chlorophyll A: Has a role in photochemical reactions.Chlorophyll B: Acts as a receiving antenna for the energy of photons from sunlight, to transfer it to chlorophyll A.Chlorophyll C: found in brown algae, diatoms and haptophytes.Chlorophyll D: found in red algae and a cyanobacterium.These trees, having green leaves all year round due to the presence of chlorophyll A and B that is produced all year round, are capable of carrying out photosynthesis throughout the year, even in low sunlight, as occurs during autumn and winter. Because of this, it the tree looks the same at any time of the year.
So, there is no change in the chlorophyll A and B over time, concentration would not decline in late autumn.
What happens when the number of organisms in an environment is higher than the carrying capacity? A. The population will increase slowly. B. The population remains the same. C. The population will increase quickly. D. The population will decrease.
Answer:
When the number of organisms in an ecosystem exceeds the carrying capacity, the population will decrease.
Please see the explanation!
Explanation:
The maximum that can be maintained forever is the concept of "carrying capacity." This can only be rationally understood as the highest number that can be maintained using exclusively renewable resources. It can only be exceeded by using resources more quickly than they can be replenished.
The population gets wiped out (not by old age mortality) back to the number that can be maintained using only renewable resources when those resources become limited, as they must by definition.
Remember that every population is trying to expand, therefore if a species finds a resource that it can use more quickly than it replenishes, the population will undoubtedly expand to use that newly discovered capability. Another way to put this is to say that when the species average is x newborns and the subsistence supply is steady, (x-2)/x children must perish. Less offspring must perish than the formula predicts when the species finds a new non-renewable source of food, increasing the subsistence supply.
It should be noted that there are plainly too many people in the world. Over the past few hundred years, we have developed various technologies that have increased subsistence extraction and decreased waste. Of course, we have multiplied to occupy that additional space. In order to provide enough food to sustain 7+ billion people at once, we need fossil fuels and a number of other resources that do not replenish as quickly as we use them. The last time humanity were able to maintain their population on exclusively renewable resources, there were less than 1 billion people. Be aware that we have never been able to raise subsistence production as quickly as we have sought to increase our population. We have always had an average of too many infants, as seen by the starvation-related child mortality that affects some populations.
Thank you,
Eddie
Reproductive
Physiology
Anatomy
These are the components you have to match them to these words.
Puberty
Reproduction
Climacteric and
menopause
Body image
Sexual orientation
Gender identity roles
Families
Friendships
Loving, liking, and caring
1&4 2&5 3&6 7&8+9 that is the answer i think
1. Melissa raises crickets at her pet store that she
sells for reptile food. She thinks that crickets
chirp more often when the temperature gets
warmer. She decides to conduct an experiment to
prove her theory
a. Manipulated variable
(IV)
b. Responding variable
(DV).
c. Controlled variable
d. Controlled variable
Hypothesis: If
then
because
_(manipulated variable)
(responding variable)
Answer:
a. Manipulated variable: TEMPERATURE
b. Responding variable: CRICKET CHIRP
c. Controlled variable: Same species of cricket
d. Hypothesis: IF the temperature is increased, THEN crickets will chirp more
Explanation:
Independent variable, also called the manipulated variable, is the variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment. In this case, the independent variable is the TEMPERATURE.
Dependent or responding variable is the variable that responds to changes made to the independent variable. The dependent variable in this case is CHIRP OF THE CRICKETS.
Controlled variable is the variable that must be kept unchanged for all groups throughout the experiment. The controlled variable in this case is SAME SPECIES CRICKET USED.
Hypothesis is a testable explanation (via experimentation) to an observed problem or a given question. In this investigation involving Melissa, an hypothesis is: IF the temperature is increased, THEN crickets will chirp more.
A parfocal microscope is one that keeps the specimen in focus (or very close to it) when a higher-power objective lens is rotated into position, after focusing with a lower-power objective.
True False
A parfocal microscope is one that keeps the specimen in focus (or very close to it) when a higher-power objective lens is rotated into position, after focusing with a lower-power objective. The given statement is true.
The high power objective lens on the compound light microscope provides the highest magnification. A parfocal microscope is one that retains the specimen in focus (or extremely close) after focusing with a lower-power objective lens.
A "parfocal" microscope is one that, if it is in focus with one objective, will remain (largely) in focus when the objective is rotated.
For example, if the focus of a microscope is changed from a low power objective (10x) to a higher power objective (40x or 100. x), the object remains in focus.
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Qualities of a good fertilizer
1) Easily spread which will ensure in even distribution patterns
2)Capatible in particle size whether it's smooth or hard particles
3)Free from additives and contaminants
4)Can be easily applied
EXPLAINATION;
Increases yield and ensures the right amount of nutrients the plant needs
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(you dont need to answer them all but at least help me with a couple)
1) Explain Uganda’s ABC program in the fight against HIV/AIDS
2) Why has the Ugandan government pushed Abstinence as a means of combating the spread of HIV/AIDS?
3) What risks are involved with the use of condoms in combating the spread of HIV/AIDS?
4) On a separate piece of paper, construct a population pyramid to illustrate the current age groups infected by HIV/AIDS in Uganda.
Answer:
1. Abstain, Be faithful, or, as a last resort, use a Condom. Within a few years, Uganda had developed what researchers call a "social vaccine" against HIV: cultural norms about sexual responsibility, preached in clinics and public schools, as well as churches and mosques.
3.When used correctly every time you have sex, condoms are the best way to prevent sexually transmitted infections such as HIV. They have a very low failure rate and are effective for all forms of sex.
The passageways that carry blood and nutrients into the bone from the systemic circulation
Answer: The Haversian canal? the question is a little unclear but the passageway that carries blood and nutrients into the bone from the systemic circulation is the Haversian canal.
Explanation:
State whether the following sentences are simple, complex or compound.
Answer:
ok
Explanation:
Simple sentences contains on independent clauses ,also called main clause ,that stands alone.
Complex sentences contains an independent clauses plus one or more dependent clause.
Compound Sentences contains two independent clauses joined with the coordinating conjugation and comma .AND IT'S ENGLISH QUESTION NOT OF BIOLOGY.
Which is a structural adaptation an octopus would use for movement?
(For Connexus Middle School)
A) the ability to release a cloud of ink
B) camouflage
C) suction cups on limbs
D) limbs that release when trapped
Correct Answers:
suction cups on limbs
Hibernation reduces the energy required for survival.
The breathing rate of the lizard will change with temperature, because it is an ectotherm.
Explanation:
hope it helps
The structural adaptation an octopus would use for movement is suction cups on limbs.
What is octopus?Octopuses are highly clever creatures that have mastered camouflage and have developed a variety of cunning strategies over tens of millions of years to evade or prevent potential predators. They are able to blend in with their surroundings' colors and textures, enabling them to remain undetected.
Octopuses can quickly flee if a predator approaches by launching themselves forward by ejecting water from a muscular tube known as a siphon. Additionally, octopuses have the ability to expel a cloud of black ink that hides them and impairs an intruder's ability to smell.
Therefore, The structural adaptation an octopus would use for movement is suction cups on limbs.
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what is the answer for this please explain too
In the given scenario, the water will move from cell to the outside, resulting in decrease in cell size. The correct option is A.
If a container has a cell with a 10% salt solution and 90% water, and the outside concentration is 30% salt and 70% water, osmosis will occur.
Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (in this case, water) across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
In this scenario, the cell has a lower salt concentration (10%) compared to the outside environment (30%).
As a result, water molecules will move from the area of lower salt concentration (inside the cell) to the area of higher salt concentration (outside the cell) in an attempt to equalize the solute concentration on both sides of the membrane.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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QUESTION 17
20. Which of the following is not a protein involved in muscle function?
Catt
troponin
myosin
tropomyosin
actin
QUESTION 18
The 4 proteins that are involved in muscle contraction are:
Thick filaments contain myosin, thin filaments contain actin , troponin and tropomyosin.
Hence, the answer is "Catt."
Which of the following events takes place during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle?
O Duplication of DNA
Duplication of
DNA
Duplication of
centrioles
Which of the following events takes place during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle?
Separation of Chromosomes
Duplications of centrioles
Division of Cytoplasm
Separation of
chromosomes
Division of
cytoplasm
The events that takes place during the mitosis are separation of chromosomes, duplication of centrioles, division of cytoplasm, separation of chromosomes and division of cytoplasm.
Phases of mitosisThe majority of the cell's life is spent in the interphase, just before prophase, where mitosis's start-up is prepared for (the DNA is copied). The prophase is technically the first phase of this process, though, because the actual process requires the division of the nucleus. The duplicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and transferred to the cell's opposite poles during the multistep mitotic phase, after which the cell divides into two brand-new, identical daughter cells.The cell divides its cytoplasm and divides its DNA into two sets during the mitotic (M) phase to produce two new cells.For more information on mitosis kindly visit to
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Susan finally visits her physician after feeling tired, dizzy, nauseous, and feverish for a long time. During her physical, the doctor draws whole blood to do a complete blood count and white cell differential. How might this help in making a diagnosis?
Answer:
it helps to find out the type of bacteria affecting the red blood cells
Feeling dizzy, nauseous and feverish for a very long time might be due to low levels of hemoglobin or it can be due to decrease in white blood cells or platelets count. To diagnose the problem, it might help by doing whole blood count.
What is dizzy?Dizzy means a whirling sensation in the head which makes to fall.
What is nauseous?Nauseous means the feeling of vomiting.
What is feverish?Feverish means a rise in temperature than normal.
What is hemoglobin?Hemoglobin is the red colour pigment present in red blood cells.
What are white blood cells?White blood cells are the cells which helps in immunity.
What are platelets?Platelets are the larger cells which helps in clotting of blood.
What is diagnose?Diagnose means to identify.
What is problem?Problem means a harmful situation which is to be solved.
What is whole blood count?Whole blood count is the blood used to evaluate overall health.
Therefore by the physical examination, whole blood count can help in diagnosis of many disorders like anemia, tuberculosis, leucopenia etc.
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