Difference between constitutional isomers and stereoisomers.

Answers

Answer 1

Constitutional isomers refer to isomers that differ in their connectivity. Constitutional isomers have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of their atoms. Stereoisomers, on the other hand, are isomers that have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity but different spatial arrangements.

Constitutional isomers are also known as structural isomers. Constitutional isomers refer to molecules that have the same chemical formula but different atomic arrangements. Constitutional isomers have different bonding arrangements between atoms. For example, butane and isobutane are constitutional isomers.

Isobutane has the same formula as butane but a different arrangement of atoms.Stereoisomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and atom connectivity, but their spatial arrangement of atoms differs. Stereoisomers are of two types: enantiomers and diastereomers. Stereoisomers have the same connectivity between atoms. For example, cis- and trans- isomers are stereoisomers because they have the same connectivity but different spatial arrangement of atoms.

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Answer 2
Final answer:

Isomers, central to Chemistry, are compounds having the same molecular formula but different structures or orientations. Constitutional, or structural, isomers have different atom arrangements while stereoisomers, including geometric and optical, display different spatial arrangements of atoms.

Explanation:

The concept of isomerism is central to Chemistry, representing compounds that have the same molecular formula but exhibit differences in the structure or orientation of their atoms. Two common types of isomers include constitutional isomers and stereoisomers.

Constitutional Isomers, also known as structural isomers, have identical molecular formulas but differ in how their atoms are connected or bonded. This results in differences in their physical and chemical properties. For example, butane and isobutene share the same formula (C4H₁0) but have different atom arrangements, leading to different chemical properties and uses.

On the other hand, Stereoisomers maintain the same molecular formula and also the same connections between atoms, but they differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms. There are two main types of stereoisomers: geometric and optical isomers. Geometric isomers display differences in the orientation of functional groups, like in cis and trans configurations in carbon-to-carbon double bonds. While, optical isomers or enantiomers, are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other due to a chiral center.

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Related Questions

T/F: pericardial fluid is located in a space external (superficial) to the visceral pericardium.

Answers

The given statement, "pericardial fluid is located in a space external (superficial) to the visceral pericardium," is false because pericardial fluid is located in a space internal to the visceral pericardium but external to the parietal pericardium.

The pericardium is a double-layered sac that surrounds and protects the heart. The visceral pericardium, also known as the epicardium, is the inner layer that is in direct contact with the heart muscle. The parietal pericardium is the outer layer that forms the sac around the heart.

The space between the visceral and parietal pericardium is called the pericardial cavity. This cavity contains a small amount of pericardial fluid, which serves as a lubricant. The pericardial fluid helps reduce friction between the layers of the pericardium during the movement of the heart.

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The health of the patient

a. should be the primary concern of the healthcare worker.
b. is secondary to the health of co-workers in healthcare settings.
c. is secondary to the health of the healthcare worker.

Answers

The health of the patient should be the primary concern of the healthcare worker.

Why is the health of the patient the primary concern of the healthcare worker?

The health of the patient is the primary concern of the healthcare worker since the worker is hired to provide care to patients.

Healthcare workers should prioritize the patient's health and well-being, ensuring that they get the best possible care.

The health of co-workers and healthcare workers themselves is important, but it should not supersede the health of the patient.

Healthcare workers must take care of themselves to provide high-quality care to patients while preventing the spread of illnesses to other patients and healthcare workers. Healthcare workers should work together to ensure the safety of everyone in the healthcare setting, but the primary focus should be on the health of the patient.

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Explain how buming fossil fuels can lead to a lower ocean pH

Answers

Answer:

By letting the fossil die in the sea in let sit for a long time

Explanation:

What 2 cats cannot compete for food against the python?

Answers

Answer:

look up that title to a video an youll figure it out

Explanation:

"CAT vs PYTHON | Mother Cat Cleverly Bite Giant Python To Protect Her Kittens'

you were provided with two different ssdna oligonucleotides from which you produced dsdna. what procedure did you perform that facilitated the assembly of dsdna? what properties of dna made this possible?

Answers

Procedure performed that facilitated the assembly of dsDNA is : Golden Gate Assembly (GGA).

What is Golden Gate Assembly?

Golden Gate assembly is also known as Golden Gate cloning and is created by Carola Engler and colleagues in 2008.

Golden Gate Assembly is an efficient way to quickly assemble multiple DNA sequences or parts into a single plasmid.

Golden Gate assembly is a molecular cloning method that allows a researcher to simultaneously assemble multiple DNA fragments into a single piece using Type IIS restriction enzymes and T4 DNA ligase.

Golden Gate assembly utilizes a Type IIS restriction enzyme which cleaves outside of  non-palindromic recognition sequence and T4 DNA Ligase in a  single-tube reaction.

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why do our lungs slightly tickle, when you try to hold your deep breath in.
I am talking about the time around 10-20 seconds when you start to have a sensation that tries to force you to release.

Answers

The sensation of tickling or discomfort that you may feel when trying to hold your breath for an extended period of time is due to the buildup of carbon dioxide (CO2) in your bloodstream.

When you inhale, oxygen enters your lungs and is transported to your body's cells through the bloodstream. As the cells use oxygen to produce energy, they also produce CO2 as a waste product. The CO2 then travels back to the lungs, where it is exhaled out of the body.

When you hold your breath, the body's cells continue to use oxygen and produce CO2. However, since you are not exhaling, the CO2 builds up in your bloodstream, causing the blood to become more acidic. This change in pH triggers the body's respiratory center, which sends a signal to the lungs to breathe in air and release the CO2.

The sensation of tickling or discomfort that you feel is your body's way of telling you to breathe in air and release the CO2. If you continue to hold your breath, the discomfort may increase and eventually become painful, and you may also start to feel dizzy or lightheaded due to the lack of oxygen.

If several highly educated scientists all study the same scientific data, which of the following is most likely to explain why they may all have different conclusions?

Answers

If several highly educated scientists all study the same scientific data, then they may have different conclusions because of the following factors:

Interpretation of data: Each scientist may have a different interpretation of the data, leading to different conclusions. This is because interpreting data involves the use of subjective judgment and prior experiences with similar data.

Personal biases: Personal biases may also affect the conclusions drawn from the scientific data. Personal biases refer to a scientist's preconceived ideas or prejudices that can influence their interpretation of the data. This can affect their ability to draw an objective conclusion.

Overemphasis of certain aspects: The overemphasis of certain aspects of the data or leaving out of certain details can result in different conclusions among scientists. Scientists may focus on different aspects of the data, leading to different conclusions.

Experimental setup and procedure: The experimental setup and procedure can also have an impact on the conclusions drawn from the data. If there are variations in the experimental setup or procedure, it can lead to different conclusions among scientists.

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Using evidence from the diagram, which adaptation has allowed finches to survive in their habitat?

Using evidence from the diagram, which adaptation has allowed finches to survive in their habitat?

Answers

Answer:

I would assume, from the diagram, it's their beaks.

Explanation:

Finches are largely different and reside in different areas, but the part of them that has changed is their beaks because each species eats a different type of food.

What is Chargaff’s Rule? How can we use that to compare species' DNA?

Answers

Answer:

equivalence rule

Explanation:

How can we explain the fact that millions of kids watch violent TV shows and remain nonviolent? If there is a TV–violence link, how can we explain the fact that violence rates may have been higher in the Old West than they are today? Do you think kids in violent gangs stay home and watch TV shows?

Answers

Kids are most vulnerable to the examples they receive from their immediate caretakers (example, parents, tutors, etc.) Their immediate environment plays a more deterministic role in their behaviour than their hobbies. For example, if a kid is raised in a lovely and supporting family he/she could engage in violent videogames for fun, and not for rehearsal issues (thinking he/she is actually killing). So the early history (wether he suffer any kind of physical/psychological abuse) and the kind of family (wether they are supportive or punitive) plays a critical role in supporting previolent behaviours that videogames or other stuff migth help to develop later on.

how does the structure of the papillary dermis relate to its functional properties?

Answers

Answer:

The papillary layer provides the layer above it, the epidermis, with nutrients to produce skin cells called keratinocytes. It also helps regulate the temperature of our skin and thus the body as a whole

The structure of the papillary dermis relate to its functional properties as :-

The upper, papillary layer, contains a thin arrangement of collagen fibers.The papillary layer supplies nutrients to layers of the epidermis and regulate temperature.

What is a papillary layer?It is the top layer of the dermis.It is thinner than reticular dermis.It consist of collagen fibers, fibroblast cells, fat cells, blood vessels

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Please help m it’s urgent

Please help m its urgent

Answers

Explanation:

Nucleus - both

cell wall - plant cell

cell membrane - both

golgi apparatus - both

mitochondria - both

Centriole - animal cell

chloroplast - plant cell

cytoplasm - both

lysosome - both

ER - both

Which is the process used by the cell to rid itself of unwanted, large substances?


exocytosis

active transport

passive transport

endocytosis

Answers

Answer:

Exocytosis is the reverse of endocytosis. Quatities of material are expelled from the cell without ever passing through the membrane as individual molecules. By using the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis, some specialized types of cells move large amounts of bulk material into and out of themselves.

Explanation:

A species name is based on descriptions of:
A genetics and geography
B morphology and genetics
C morphology and coloration
D geography and coloration

Answers

Answer:

B morphology and genetics

Explanation:

sorry if I'm wrong

plants and animals that occupy the uppermost parts of the ocean are classified __________.

Answers

Answer:

pelagic

Explanation:

it is tha region that is not associated with the bottom or the shore

Plants and animals that occupy the uppermost parts of the ocean are classified as "epipelagic" or "epipelagic zone" organisms.

The uppermost parts of the ocean, also known as the epipelagic zone or sunlight zone, refer to the top layer of the water column that receives abundant sunlight. This zone extends from the surface of the water down to a depth of about 200 meters (660 feet). It is characterized by well-lit conditions, relatively warm temperatures, and high levels of dissolved oxygen.

Plants and animals that inhabit the epipelagic zone have adapted to the unique conditions found in this part of the ocean. Phytoplankton, such as diatoms and dinoflagellates, are primary producers that harness sunlight through photosynthesis to produce energy-rich organic compounds. These microscopic plants form the base of the marine food chain.

Various animals, including zooplankton, fish, turtles, marine mammals, and seabirds, inhabit the epipelagic zone. Some species, such as flying fish and dolphins, have adaptations that allow them to swim or glide near the surface. Many pelagic fish species, like tuna and marlin, are known to inhabit this zone as well.

The epipelagic zone plays a crucial role in supporting marine ecosystems and sustaining life in the ocean. It is a vital area for commercial fishing and supports a diverse array of marine biodiversity. Understanding the dynamics and organisms of the epipelagic zone is essential for studying marine ecology and conservation efforts.

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Class turbellaria of Platyhelminthes consists of: A) FlatwormB) Flukes;C) Leeches;D Tapeworm;E) None of these.

Class turbellaria of Platyhelminthes consists of: A) FlatwormB) Flukes;C) Leeches;D Tapeworm;E) None

Answers

Tuberllaria

The tubellaria class consists of animals that can live freely in water, such as the planarian.

They are hermaphroditic animals that can cross-fertilize.

Analyzing the options given by the exercise, we have that the correct alternative is "A", because flatworms belong to the tubellaria class.

WILL GIVE BRAINLYEST

1. The graph below shows a students walk after school. Use the graph to descrito their walk. Make sure to indate the direction they are waking and the speed scordant, they are credits
in speed, or decreasing in speed. 3 points)
HINT: Think about this student's motion in three steps
A Students After School Walke
2

HURRRYYYYYYY IDK-

Answers

Answer:

J'aiderais, mais s'il y avait plus d'informations, je les comprendrais mieux pour moi et pour les autres utilisateurs également.

Explanation:

ლ(´ڡ`ლ)

Please help!! will give 10 points!! Two scientists want to compare their research of fireflies. Which information must the two scientists provide to each other to determine if they studied the same type of fireflies? (B.8, A) *
1 point
Size of the firefly populations
Type of habitat in which the fireflies live
Color of light produced by the fireflies
Species name of the fireflies studied

Answers

Answer:

its the last answer "species name of the fireflies studied" t

Explanation: i took a quiz with the same question and got it right

The correct answer is the species name of the fireflies studied by the two scientists provide to each other to determine if they studied the same type of fireflies.

The species name of the fireflies studied is important as it provides binomial nomenclature to be explained well. A sit allowed people to communicate about the species world.

What is binomial nomenclature ?

In taxonomy, the binomial nomenclature provides names for species of flora and fauna in the living world.

Hence concluded that information must the two scientists provide to each other to determine if they studied the same type of fireflies is the best information Species name of the fireflies studied.

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A decrease in global distribution of temperate grasslands is likely a result of

A) rainfall between 500 and 900 mm per year
B) decreased rainfall below 900 mm per year
C) warmer than average global temperatures
D) cooler than average global temperatures

Answers

Answer:

D) cooler than average global temperatures.

Explanation:

A decrease in global distribution of temperate grasslands as a result of cooler temperature which is required by the temperate grasslands. these grasslands requires about 25-30 inches rainfall per year and the temperature ranges from 0 Fahrenheit in winter to 90 Fahrenheit in summer. The average temperature of the earth is 58 Fahrenheit so the temperature of the temperate grasslands goes lower than average global temperature which decrease its distribution.

Zappos says goodbye to bosses - The Washington Post
Reflect on the changes to organizational structure
taking place at Zappos. What concepts are illustrated in this
article? Has it been a successful i

Answers

The changes taking place at Zappos illustrates numerous concepts related to organizational structure. The Holacracy system being adopted by the company removes the traditional line of command; instead tasks are delegated by employees to “circles” which are then serviced by members of those circles.

It focuses on efficiency of operations, as decisions are made in a decentralized fashion. Furthermore, the organization encourages employees to engage in learning and development to reach their potential, which is complemented by the company’s employee-first mentality.

It is difficult to ascertain whether these changes have been successful in so far as it is too early to ascertain the long-term effects. While the initial reports from the media focus on the positive aspects such as improved communication, job autonomy and growth, it remains to be seen if the company will continue to succeed or fall flat.

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Sabella works for an environmental safety group. Her group wants to answer the question "To what lengths must we go to protect plants and animals?" Why is her group's research question flawed?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The main reason why the group's research question is flawed is because it steers more towards ethicality than science. It tries to find where the ethical line is and what "humans" are not willing to do even if it means protecting plants and animals. In order to focus on the scientific aspect the question should instead be rephrased as "How must we go about protecting plants and animals?"

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has concluded that greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere, due to human activities, have affected Earth's climate. Which of the following statements best explains the connection between rising atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and the effects of climate change on ecosystems?

A.
Higher levels of methane have caused increased global precipitation.


B.
Higher levels of carbon dioxide have caused a reduction in ocean pH.


C.
Higher levels of methane have caused algal blooms in lakes and streams.


D.
Higher levels of carbon dioxide have caused an increase in global photosynthesis.

Answers

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

THIS IS MY ANSWER IS PERFECT

What is the relationship between the amount of biodiversity and the ability of a population to adapt to a changing environment

Answers

Answer:

Greater biodiversity in ecosystems, species, and individuals leads to greater stability. For example, species with high genetic diversity and many populations that are adapted to a wide variety of conditions are more likely to be able to weather disturbances, disease, and climate change.

in a plant, which of the following would represent the smallest level of organization?

Answers

Answer:

Atom would be the smallest apparently but if you are not that deep in biology then you can go with cell itself

Here is a little table to help your confusion.

Atomic level/AtomMolecular level/MoleculeOrganelle level/OrganelleCellular level/CellTissue level/tissueOrgan level/organOrgan system level/Organ systemOrganism level/Organism

What takes place in the mitochondria matrix?

Answers

Answer:

In the mitochondrion, the matrix is the space within the inner membrane. ... The enzymes in the matrix facilitate reactions responsible for the production of ATP, such as the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, oxidation of pyruvate, and the beta oxidation of fatty acids.

Explanation:

In the mitochondrion, the matrix is the space within the inner membrane. ... The enzymes in the matrix facilitate reactions responsible for the production of ATP, such as the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, oxidation of pyruvate, and the beta oxidation of fatty acids.

Plant species A has two alleles for leaf color. If plant species B has four alleles for leaf color, how will the two species differ in their appearance?
A. Species A will have more colors on each leaf than species B.
B. Species B will have fewer phenotypes for leaves than species A.
C. Species A will have fewer leaves per plant than species B.
D. Species B will have a greater variety of leaf colors than species A.

Answers

Answer: D

Explanation: It would be D because it has a larger amount and all species vary and leaves can be exactly the same they change color and evolve into different shapes

Where did the elements for water come from in the first place or in the
very beginning?*
1) Fusion in stars
2) Solar winds
3) Volcanic eruptions
4) Photosynthesis

Where did the elements for water come from in the first place or in thevery beginning?*1) Fusion in stars2)

Answers

Answer:

Volcanic eruptions

Explanation:

Although sound can be heard, it is not
considered to be matter. Which of the
following best explains this?
A. Sound cannot be captured for analysis by scientists.
B. Sound exhibits qualities of both energy and matter.
C. Sound cannot be measured.
D. Sound does not have mass nor does it take up space.

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

all the others dont make sense

In contrast to other sounds, the sound is the movement of a pressure wave across a medium of particles. Being a wave, it is not regarded as a kind of substance, hence option D is correct.

What are the characteristics of sound?

Because the molecules of a solid are closer together and can transfer vibrations more quickly, sound passes through solids more swiftly than through liquids and gases.

Since gas molecules are the farthest apart, sound moves through them at the slowest speed, it instructs the mind to decipher the incoming sound.

The energy comes from an outside source, such as singing or drumming. It may also be viewed as the vibrations moving through the material world.

Therefore, the physical vibration waves that pass through the air to reach the ears are referred to as sound energy, hence option D is correct.

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9. In one or two sentences, describe how the available energy may affect the population sizes of organisms at different

trophic levels

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

In food web energy are been transfered from the producer which are often plants down to the last individual on the web.

Each individual takes in and expels the remaining to the next until it is distributed to all. The amount of energy received from the producer will determine the amount of energy that will be available for others to share, when enough energy is transferred they all have enough to share but when the energy level is low the individual on the web also receive a low energy this may affect the population leading to a reduction,

It can also lead to competition among the organisms,migration out of environment to search for food. But When the energy level is high or on the increase it leads to growth and development among the organism.

Which ion is a found in a glass of water

Answers

In a glass of water, the most common ion found is the hydroxide ion (OH-) and the hydrogen ion (H+).

These ions are formed when water molecules dissociate through a process called self-ionization or autoionization.

In a glass of water, several ions can be found, originating from the dissociation of water molecules. The main ions present are hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-), resulting from the self-ionization of water.

Water molecules can break apart spontaneously into equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions through a process called autoionization. This occurs when a water molecule donates a proton (H+) to another water molecule, forming H3O+ (hydronium ion) and OH-.

Additionally, other ions might be present in a glass of water depending on its source. For example, tap water can contain various dissolved ions like calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-). These ions come from minerals and other substances present in the water source, such as groundwater or surface water.

It's worth noting that the specific ion composition of water can vary depending on factors like location, treatment processes, and water source. However, the fundamental ions present in water are H+ and OH- resulting from the autoionization of water molecules.

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