define empirical formula and molecular formula with example of each​

Due to electronegativity difference between H and F atom.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say the difference in electronegativity between H and F atom this is the reason for shorter bond length of HF.

Learn more about bond length here :

https://brainly.com/question/13683866

#SPJ4

Half-life of C-14 is 5730 years

The age of the bone is the time taken to decay carbon -14 from a mass of 80 g to 0.3125 g. The decay time is 46209 years. That is the age of the bone.

Carbon -14 isotope is radioactive and undergoes nuclear decay by the emission of charged particles. The age of a fossil sample which contains carbon -14 can be determined using the time of decay.

Half life of C-14 = 5730 years

decay constant k = 0.693 / 5730 = 0.00012 yr⁻¹

Initial amount of C-14 = 80 g

final amount = 0.3125 g

Then the time taken to decay 80 g to 0.3125 g is t = 1/k ln (80/0.312)

t = ln (80/0.312) / (0.00012 yr⁻¹)

 = 46209 years.

Therefore, the age of the bone is 46209 years.

Find more on carbon dating:

https://brainly.com/question/3753282

#SPJ2

Explosive materials need to be handled carefully and stored appropriately to avoid the possibility of initial combustion.   The following are some of the precautions to take when handling explosive materials: Avoid any type of friction, impact, or shock, whether small or large, when handling explosive materials.

Keep the containers of explosive materials tightly sealed to prevent the infiltration of moisture or contaminants. Store the explosives in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated environment, keeping them away from any heat sources or flammable materials. Keep the explosives away from direct sunlight to prevent the heat from building up and causing an explosion.

In conclusion, explosive materials should be handled and stored with care to prevent initial combustion, which may lead to an explosion. Explosives should be stored in a dry, cool, and well-ventilated area, and containers should be kept tightly sealed to prevent moisture or contaminants from entering. Explosives should also be kept away from any heat sources or flammable materials.

You can learn more about Explosive materials at: brainly.com/question/30756602

#SPJ11

Based on the number of particles involved and the enthalpy of the reaction, changes that would shift the equilibrium to the right would, according to Le Chatelier's principle, include increasing the volume of the system, reducing the pressure of the system, reducing the temperature of the system, increasing the concentration of ammonia and/or oxygen and reducing the concentration of NO and/or water. Changes in the opposite direction would cause the equilibrium to shift towards the reactants.

Upon increasing pressure or reducing volume, the equilibrium shifts in the direction that produces fewer gaseous particles. In this case, that's the reactants (9 molecules) and not the products (10 molecules). When considering temperature, it is useful to consider heat as one of the reaction components. When the enthalpy of the reaction is negative, heat is produced so it can be considered to be one of the products. Le Chatelier's principle states that upon changing one of the variables, the equilibrium will shift in the direction that counteracts the effects of the change. So, when reducing the temperature of the system, we are taking the heat out of the system, so equilibrium will shift to the products so that it can produce more heat, and vice versa. The same principle applies to the concentrations of ammonia, oxygen, water, and NO.

You can learn more about Le Chatelier's principle here:
brainly.com/question/2001993

#SPJ4

Answer:

what do you need to know to decide whether this statement is correct?

To prepare 297.0g of chromium we need 154.21g of aluminum.

The preparation of chromium using aluminum powder is an exothermic process. It is the reaction where heat is released during the formation of product.

  Therefore, the chemical reaction for the formation of chromium is:

Cr2O3(s) + 2Al(s) -> 2CrO(s) + Al2O3(s)

Here, we can see that 2 moles of aluminum produces 2 moles of chromium.

Hence,

Molar mass of aluminum = 27g

as 2 moles of aluminum is required then 2 x 27 = 54g.

Molar mass of chromium = 54g

As, 2 moles of chromium is obtained then 2 x 54 = 104g.

Therefore, by cross multiplying we get the amount of aluminum required,

mass of aluminum produced = 54 x 297.9/ 104

                                                = 16038/104 = 154,21g.

Therefore, the required amount of aluminum is 154.21g

Learn more about the formation of chromium at.

https://brainly.com/question/2202085

#SPJ4

The alcohol content can vary depending on the type and brand of the beverage.

The amount of alcohol in a 1 oz. shot of 80 proof whiskey, a 5 oz. glass of wine, and a 12 oz. beer is approximately 0.6 fluid ounces or 17.7 milliliters of pure alcohol. This is because all three drinks contain roughly the same amount of alcohol by volume, which is about 14 grams or 0.6 fluid ounces of pure alcohol per standard drink. It's important to note that the alcohol content can vary depending on the type and brand of the beverage.

Learn more about beverage here

https://brainly.com/question/4399585

#SPJ11

An electric field is produced when high voltage is applied to capacitor plates, deflecting cathode rays. The negatively charged electrons are directed away from the negatively charged plate and toward the positively charged plate when a cathode ray is transmitted through this electric field.

Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations

Voltage, current, and resistance are the three most fundamental elements of electricity. Voltage is comparable to the force that forces water through a hose. It is expressed as volts (V). CURRENT is comparable to the hose's diameter.

To know more about Electricity please click here ; https://brainly.com/question/776932

#SPJ1

The type of mechanical weathering that is most likely represented below is A) Frost wedging, B) root wedging, C) salt weathering, and D) heat expansion. The correct option is D.

Mechanical weathering is a rock that can be broken apart mechanically by processes like ice solidifying in fractures in the rock, and tree roots sprouting in those same crevices.  

Rock expanding and contracting in locations with high daytime temperatures and low overnight temperatures, rock cracking during forest fires, and so on. Salt weathering is a different kind of mechanical weathering. It functions similarly to how freeze-thaw weathering does. When sea salt spray enters a rock fissure, salt weathering occurs.

Therefore, the correct option is D. A) Frost wedging, B) root wedging, C) salt weathering, and D) heat expansion.

To learn more about mechanical weathering, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/12134292

#SPJ2

\(CH_3CH_2OH\) is a polar compound and has hydrogen bonding. It has a higher boiling point. It will have the lowest vapor pressure among the three compounds.

Vapor pressure is the pressure produced by the vapors of a liquid in a sealed container when the liquid is heated. It is a property of a liquid that describes the tendency of a liquid to evaporate. It is measured in units of pressure, typically in mmHg or torr. The higher the vapor pressure, the more volatile a compound is. So, the decreasing order of vapor pressure for the given compounds is: \(CH_3CH_3 > CH_3CH_2F > CH_3CH_2OH\)

Here, \(CH_3CH_3\) is a non-polar compound while \(CH_3CH_2F\) and \(CH_3CH_2OH\) are polar compounds. The polar compound has hydrogen bonding, which increases the intermolecular forces between molecules. As a result, the polar compound will have a lower vapor pressure than the non-polar compound.

To learn more about vapor pressure click here https://brainly.com/question/25715932

#SPJ11

Answer:

Some physical properties of water:

Of course, there are many more but these are some common ones.

The volume of the 1.45 kg of green liquid that has the same density as the yellow solution, whose mass and volume are 357g and 211 cm³, respectively, is 858.0 cm³.  

The volume of the green liquid can be found with the equation of density:

\( d = \frac{m_{g}}{V_{g}} \)

Where:

d: is the density of the green liquid

\(m_{g}\): is the mass of the green liquid = 1.45 kg = 1450 g

\(V_{g}\): is the volume of the green liquid =?

Since the density of the green liquid is the same that the density of the yellow solution, we have:

\( d = \frac{m_{y}}{V_{y}} = \frac{357 g}{211 cm^{3}} = 1.69 g/cm^{3} \)

Now, the volume of the green liquid is:

\( V_{g} = \frac{m_{g}}{d} = \frac{1450 g}{1.69 g/cm^{3}} = 858.0 cm^{3} \)

Therefore, the volume of the green liquid is 858.0 cm³.

Learn more about density here: https://brainly.com/question/952755?referrer=searchResults

I hope it helps you!

The strongest type of intermolecular force between solute and solvent in the solution of CH\(_{3}\)Cl (g) in CH\(_{3}\)OCH\(_{3}\) (g) is dipole-dipole interaction.

In  CH\(_{3}\)Cl, the molecule has a polar covalent bond between carbon and chlorine atoms. Chlorine is more electronegative than carbon, resulting in a partial negative charge on chlorine and a partial positive charge on carbon. In  CH\(_{3}\)OCH\(_{3}\) , the molecule is also polar due to the oxygen atom's higher electronegativity compared to carbon and hydrogen. This creates a dipole moment in both molecules.

In the solution, the positive end of the  CH\(_{3}\)Cl molecule interacts with the negative end of the  CH\(_{3}\)OCH\(_{3}\) molecule, forming dipole-dipole interactions. These intermolecular forces are stronger than London dispersion forces, which are present in all molecules but are typically weaker. Therefore, the strongest intermolecular force in this solution is dipole-dipole interaction.

You can learn more about dipole-dipole interaction at

https://brainly.com/question/30437731

#SPJ11

The enthalpy change when 8.50 L of ozone at a pressure of 1.00 atm and 25°C reacts with 12.00 L of nitric oxide at the same initial pressure and temperature is -277.5 kJ/mol.

The enthalpy change when 8.50 L of ozone at a pressure of 1.00 atm and 25°C reacts with 12.00 L of nitric oxide at the same initial pressure and temperature can be calculated by the given equation. The balanced equation for the reaction is:2O3(g) + 2NO(g) → 2NO2(g) + 3O2(g)The enthalpy change for the given reaction can be determined using Hess’s law. Hess’s law states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the route taken, provided that the initial and final conditions are the same.

Since the given reaction can be expressed as a sum of a series of known reactions, Hess’s law can be used to calculate the enthalpy change.Using the given data, the enthalpy change for the reaction can be calculated as follows:δH° = 2 × [ΔH°f(NO2(g))] + 3 × [ΔH°f(O2(g))] - 2 × [ΔH°f(O3(g))] - 2 × [ΔH°f(NO(g))]δH° = 2 × [33.85 kJ/mol] + 3 × [0 kJ/mol] - 2 × [142.2 kJ/mol] - 2 × [90.4 kJ/mol]δH° = - 277.5 kJ/mol

To know more about enthalpy change visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/28039996

#SPJ11

The percent concentration of the solution containing 90 grams of NaOH in 750 mL of buffer is 300%.

Mass of NaOH = 90 grams

Molecular weight of NaOH = 40 g/mol

The volume of buffer solution = 750 mL

Converting the volume to litres -

= 750 mL

= 750/1000

= 0.75 L

Calculating the number of moles of NaOH -

= Mass / Molecular weight

= 90  / 40

= 2.25 mol

Calculating the percent concentration -

= (Amount of solute / Total solution volume) x 100

= (2.25 / 0.75 ) x 100

= 3 x 100

= 300

Read more about NaOH on:

https://brainly.com/question/29636119

#SPJ4

The surface tension depends on the intermolecular forces, and it rises as the strength of those forces rises. Hydrogen bonds are present in water in acetone, but not the other way around. Water, therefore, has a high surface tension.

The only other liquid with a higher surface tension than water is mercury. A sign that the hydrogen bond is present is surface tension. Hydrogen bonds between the water molecules below them and those at the surface of the water create a powerful attraction between them.

Learn more about the surface tension,

https://brainly.com/question/138724

#SPJ4

Answer:

Explanation:

True

In water, sodium bicarbonate dissolves to form sodium and bicarbonate which makes the solution alkaline, which means it can neutralize acid.

An acid is described as a molecule or ion capable of either donating a proton, known as a Brønsted–Lowry acid, or forming a covalent bond with an electron pair, known as a Lewis acid.

sodium bicarbonate is less soluble in water because the density of the water is more than the density of the sodium bicarbonate.

Acids are known to produce hydrogen ions and bases accept hydrogen ions.

Learn more about acids at: https://brainly.com/question/25148363

#SPJ1

In a redox reaction, we can identify 2 kinds of half-reactions:

Let's consider the following half-reactions.

This is an oxidation because the oxidation number increases from 0 to 3+. To balance it, we need 3 electrons on the right side.

This is a reduction because the oxidation number decreases from 2+ to 0. To balance it, we need 2 electrons on the right side.

This is an oxidation because the oxidation number increases from -1 to 0. To balance it, we need 2 electrons on the right side.

Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/2671074

Identify whether each change represents an oxidation or reduction. then determine how many electrons were involved and which side of the reaction they should appear on in the half-reaction.

Al ⇒ Al³⁺

Cu²⁺ ⇒ Cu

2 F⁻ ⇒ F₂

The bond order for a second-period diatomic particle containing five electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals and eight electrons in bonding molecular orbitals is 1.5

Bond order is defined as the number of electrons in bonding molecular orbitals minus the number of electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals divided by two. As a result, we may determine the bond order of this diatomic particle by the formula: Bond order = (number of bonding electrons - number of antibonding electrons) / 2

Bond order = (8 - 5) / 2

Bond order = 1.5.

This diatomic molecule, according to the bond order, is a stable molecule since the bond order is greater than 1, indicating that it is a double bond. The molecule has an overall bond strength that is greater than a single bond, but not as strong as a triple bond. So therefore he bond order for a second-period diatomic particle containing five electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals and eight electrons in bonding molecular orbitals is 1.5

Learn more about bond order at:

https://brainly.com/question/30641030

#SPJ11

The pH of a solution of ammonium-based buffer containing 0.175 M ammonium bromide and 0.0836 M acetic acid is 9.26.

What is the pH of this solution?

A buffer is a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. It resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it.

For the buffer solution to work, its pH should be within the acid dissociation constant, Ka of the weak acid and the weak base, Kb. In this question, the buffer is made up of ammonium bromide and acetic acid. The Ka for the acetic acid, CH3COOH is 1.74 x 10-5. It is a weak acid. The buffer pH can be calculated using the Henderson Hassel-balch equation.

Henderson Hassel-balch equation pH = pKa + log ([A-] / [HA]) Where, A- is the conjugate base and HA is the weak acid, pKa is the negative logarithm of Ka, pKa = -log Ka = -log (1.74 x 10-5), pKa = 4.76. Ammonium bromide will act as a salt in this solution, and its conjugate base will be ammonia.

NH4Br → NH4+ + Br-NH4+ will combine with OH- to form ammonia, NH3 and water.NH4+ + OH- → NH3 + H2OIn this reaction, OH- will be added to the buffer.

To calculate the pH of the buffer, we need to know the concentration of NH4+ and NH3 at equilibrium. NH4+ will come from the ammonium bromide, and NH3 will come from the reaction above.The ammonium bromide dissociates as follows:

NH4Br → NH4+ + Br-

Therefore, [NH4+] = 0.175 M. The concentration of NH3 will depend on the OH- concentration, which will be used up in the reaction. We need to know the Kb of NH3 to calculate the concentration of NH3 at equilibrium.

Kb for NH3 is 1.8 x 10⁻⁵ NH3 + H2O ↔ NH4+ + OH

-Kb = [NH4+] [OH-] / [NH3]

Kb = [NH4+] [OH-] / [NH3]But [NH3] = [NH4+] as they are in equal amounts, so;

Kb = [OH-]

Kb = 1.8 x 10-5[OH-] = 1.8 x 10-5.

The pOH = - log (1.8 x 10-5) = 4.74.

The pH of the buffer = 14 - pOH = 9.26

Learn more about pH on:

https://brainly.com/question/12609985

#SPJ11

For part 1, The wells with the highest levels of copper(II) nitrate would probably have the most distinct precipitate.

For part 2, highest iron(II) sulfate contained wells would likely have the most distinct precipitate.

For part 3, iron(II) nitrate wells would likely have the most distinct precipitate.

Part 1, the changes in color of the well would depend on the concentrations of copper(II) nitrate in each well. As the concentration of copper(II) nitrate increases, the color of the well may become more intense or change to a deeper blue color. The wells with the highest concentrations of copper(II) nitrate would likely have the most distinct precipitate.

Part 2, the changes in color of the well would depend on the concentrations of iron(II) sulfate in each well. As the concentration of iron(II) sulfate increases, the color of the well may become more intense or change to a deeper green color. The wells with the highest concentrations of iron(II) sulfate would likely have the most distinct precipitate.

Part 3, the changes in color of the well would depend on the concentrations of iron(II) nitrate in each well. As the concentration of iron(II) nitrate increases, the color of the well may become more intense or change to a deeper yellow color. The wells with the highest concentrations of iron(II) nitrate would likely have the most distinct precipitate.

Learn more on distinct precipitate here: https://brainly.com/question/14934091

#SPJ1

Lowering the blood pH with acidemia directly affects molecules involved in buffering systems and enzymatic reactions.

Two examples of molecules that are directly affected by a lower pH in the blood are hemoglobin and carbonic anhydrase.

Acidemia refers to a condition where the blood pH is lower than the normal range, indicating an excess of H+ ions in the blood. This lower pH can directly affect certain molecules in the blood. One example is hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells. Lowering the pH can alter the structure of hemoglobin, affecting its ability to bind and release oxygen effectively.

Another example is carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme involved in the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate ions. Carbonic anhydrase activity is pH-dependent, and a lower pH can disrupt its enzymatic function, impairing the conversion of carbon dioxide and water and affecting acid-base balance.

To know more about molecules click here: brainly.com/question/32298217

#SPJ11

Answer:

A1

Explanation:

Charge flowed : 240 Coulombs

Given

t = time = 60 s

I = current = 4 A

Required

Charge

Solution

General formula :

Q = I x t

Q = charge (electricity), C

Input the value :

Q = 4 x 60

Q = 240 Coulombs

Answer: the answer is LIQUIDS

Answer:

D. Liquids

Explanation:

Liquid is probably the rarest state in the Universe, with the only discovered naturally occurring liquids being the Earth's surface water and our liquid metal core.

Electrons tend to occupy the lowest available energy level.

This is in accordance with the Aufbau principle, which states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy levels. Electrons prefer to occupy lower energy orbitals because they are more stable, and therefore, require less energy to maintain their current state. The electron configuration of an atom describes the arrangement of its electrons in various orbitals.

The energy levels of electrons in atoms are described using the principal quantum number (n). The first energy level (n = 1) is the lowest energy level, and it is closest to the nucleus. As the value of n increases, so does the energy level of the electron, and the distance from the nucleus increases as well. In summary, electrons tend to occupy the lowest available energy level because they are more stable and require less energy.

Learn more about Aufbau principle at:

https://brainly.com/question/15006708

#SPJ11

Answer:

this is good question I am thankful to you

Answer:

The range of the data is 11 hours

Explanation:

edge 2022, trust