Often microscopic examination of a specimen involves many procedures to be followed, from slide preparation to adjust the focal length in the microscope. These steps are of paramount importance for microscopic examinations.
Reducing the size of air bubbles under the coverslip cannot be done easily after the coverslip is put over the specimen. Preferably a needle is used while cautiously putting the coverslip over the specimen to avoid air bubbles. Though adding stains along the edges may work for some time, it is better to do the step of covering with coverslip one again cautiously.
The given picture shows that it is option 4 that seems to be correct than options 1, 2, and 3. We often add stain or solution to a slide without removing the coverslip. Because to prevent air bubble formation and also to reduce excess stain, this method of stain addition is good.
Placing a paper towel to soak up excess liquid is good for the slide to look neat and tidy with even diffusion of stain throughout the coverslip. Thus it makes the observation via microscope very legible and clear with proper light adjustment.
Hence proper microscopic examination and the steps prior to it ( preparation of slides) are of paramount importance for one to excel in this field.
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if δg∘>0, _______. select the correct answer below:
A. k>1 products are more abundant at equilibrium B. reactants and products are equally abundant C. at equilibrium D. reactants are more abundant at equilibrium
If ΔG° (standard Gibbs free energy change) is greater than 0, the correct answer is D. Reactants are more abundant at equilibrium.
The sign of ΔG° is a crucial factor in determining the direction of a chemical reaction and the relative abundances of reactants and products at equilibrium. ΔG° represents the change in free energy under standard conditions (constant temperature, pressure, and concentration).
If ΔG° is positive (>0), it indicates that the reaction is non-spontaneous in the forward direction under standard conditions. This means that the reactants have a higher free energy than the products. In such cases, the reaction tends to favor the formation of the reactants rather than the products.
At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, and there is no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products over time. However, the relative abundances of reactants and products at equilibrium are determined by the equilibrium constant (K).
The equilibrium constant (K) is defined as the ratio of the concentrations (or activities) of products to reactants, each raised to the power of their respective stoichiometric coefficients. If ΔG° is positive, it implies that the equilibrium constant (K) is less than 1.
According to Le Chatelier's principle, when K is less than 1, the equilibrium position shifts towards the side with a lower concentration of products. Therefore, at equilibrium, the reactants are more abundant than the products.
If ΔG° is greater than 0, the reactants are more abundant at equilibrium (option D).
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Which of the following best illustrates a natural process acting as a constructive force
Answer:
Wind depositing sand to build up sand dunes.
Explanation:
What is the empirical formula for propene (C3H6)?
C2H4
O C4H8
O C3H6
O CH2
Answer:
D) CH2
Explanation:
The empirical formula of propene is CH₂ as it has chemical formula of C₃H₆ which on division of subscripts give empirical formula as CH₂.
What is empirical formula?Empirical formula of a compound is defined as the simplest whole number ratio of atoms which are present in a compound.It does not make any mention of the arrangement of atoms or the number of atoms. The empirical formula gives information about the ratio of number of atoms which are present in a compound.
Molecular formula is determined from the empirical formula by dividing the molar mass of a compound by the empirical formula mass. The resultant which should be a whole number or very close to the whole number , then the subscripts are multiplied by the whole number to get the molecular formula.
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Rick designs an experiment to see how sunlight affects plant growth. He places identical plants in front of three windows. Window A has the shades all the way up. Window B has the shades halfway down. Window C has the shades all the way down. He waters them all with the same amount each day. After a week, he measures their growth.
What is the independent variable in his experiment?
Answer:
the shade/light is the independent variable
Explanation:
Answer:
the independent variable is the light and or shade.
Explanation:
because the light and the shade are going to both effect the growth.
and ive done this before haha well hope this helped
(Quick pls!! Just the answer, no links) Which scenario is an example of a scientific way of thinking?
A. A researcher reviews images of lunar eclipses taken by
professional photographers and then ranks them in order of which
are the most beautiful
B. A researcher writes to a government representative to convince
the representative to encourage public participation in eclipse
watching
C. A researcher analyzes data on the motions of the Moon and Earth
and then makes a prediction about when the next lunar eclipse will
ocour
D. A researcher reade several different articles on the beat way to
enjoy a lunar eclipse and then decides which method is beat
Explanation:
The right answer is C
Hope i could be helpful
What does the word homogenous mean?
Answer:
Homogeneous means composed of parts of different kinds; having widely different elements or components.
Explanation:
list one long term benefit of exercise
Answer:
Control your weight. Reduce the risk of disease. Stay in shape etc.
Explanation:
Plz help!
Which elements form covalent bonds? Which other element is included in the group?
Science activity 1.4.2
PLEASE ANSWER ASAP!!! What are examples of Exothermic or Endothermic processes found at home?
Answer:
Explanation:
Example for Endothermic include melting ice cubes, cooking eggs, or baking breads.
Example for Exothermic include Burning candles, lighting match, or hot packs
How many milliliters of 0.120 m hcl are needed to completely neutralize 50.0 ml of 0.101 m Ba(OH)2 solution?
84.2 ml of 0.120 m HCL are needed to completely neutralize 50.0 ml of 0.101 m Ba(OH)2 solution.
Explanation of the given equation go through the given steps.2HCL + Ba(OH)2= BaCl2 + 2H2OCalculating number of moles of Ba(OH)2 in 50 ml of 0.101 m solution.This way Ba(OH)2 is neutralized.0.00505 mol Ba(OH)2 x 2 mol HCL/1 mol Ba(OH)2 = 0.0101 mol HCLThis is how many HCL moles are needed to neutralize the base Ba(OH)2. Since this is the quantity of moles needed to neutralize the base and the volume of solution containing this quantity of moles, we must now determine how many mL the solution contains.0.0101 mol HCL x (1000ml/0.120 mol HCL = 84.2ml of 0.120M HCLTo know more about moles visit :
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An indicator is used in a titration toshow when _It does this bychanging color.A there has been a change in temperatureB. to add more waterC. an equal number of moles of acid and base are present
ANSWER
EXPLANATION
Firstly, we need to define the word titration.
Titration is defined as a technique that is used to determine the known concentration of an unknown solution.
This normally occurs between an acid and a base
During titration, an indicator changes color when equilibrium has been attained between the two solutions. The solutions are normally acid and base. At equilibrium, the number of moles of acid is equal to the number of base.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C
This question is about salts.
Green copper carbonate and sulfuric acid can be used to produce
blue copper sulfate crystals
Excess copper carbonate is added to sulfuric acid.
Give three observations you would make.
Here is the three observation about copper.
What is copper?copper (Cu), chemical element, a reddish, extremely ductile metal of the Group 11 (Ib) of the periodic table that is an unusually by its good conductor of to the electricity and heat. Copper of to the found in the free metallic state in nature. This is native copper was first by the used .
The reaction between to the copper carbonate and it is sulphuric acid will be a great neutralization reaction. Copper carbonate will acts like as a base, however, sulphuric acid is an acid. This reaction can also be the viewed as a double line displacement reaction too. By it's understand the nature of this reaction and what will be the final to product of this reaction.
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acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of diethyl acetamidobenzylmalonate delivers the desired (±)-phenylalanine hydrochloride product and the following byproduct(s)
The byprοducts in this reactiοn are acetic acid (οptiοn A) and ethanοl (οptiοn C).
What is acid-catalysed?In acid catalysis and base catalysis, a chemical reactiοn is catalyzed by an acid οr a base. By Brønsted–Lοwry acid–base theοry, the acid is the prοtοn (hydrοgen iοn, H+) dοnοr and the base is the prοtοn acceptοr. Typical reactiοns catalyzed by prοtοn transfer are esterificatiοns and aldοl reactiοns.
The acid-catalysed hydrοlysis οf diethyl acetamidοbenzylmalοnate can lead tο variοus by prοducts depending οn the reactiοn cοnditiοns and specific chemical pathways. Hοwever, withοut mοre detailed infοrmatiοn οr a specific reactiοn mechanism, it is difficult tο prοvide a cοmprehensive list οf the by prοducts that may fοrm.
Based οn the infοrmatiοn prοvided, the acid-catalysed hydrοlysis οf diethyl acetamidοbenzylmalοnate delivers the desired (+)-phenylalanine hydrοchlοride prοduct and the fοllοwing byprοduct(s):
E. Bοth A and C: Acetic acid and ethanοl.
The hydrοlysis οf diethyl acetamidοbenzylmalοnate invοlves the cleavage οf ester bοnds, resulting in the fοrmatiοn οf acetic acid as a byprοduct. Additiοnally, since diethyl acetamidοbenzylmalοnate is an ester, hydrοlysis οf the ester bοnds can alsο prοduce ethanοl as anοther byprοduct.
Therefοre, the byprοducts in this reactiοn are acetic acid (οptiοn A) and ethanοl (οptiοn C).
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Complete Question :
Which factors most directly affect whether a chemical reaction occurs spontaneously?
The factors that most directly affect whether a chemical reaction occurs spontaneously are:
1. Temperature: Increasing the temperature generally speeds up chemical reactions. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy to the reactant molecules, increasing their kinetic energy and the likelihood of successful collisions. For example, when heating hydrogen and oxygen gases, they react more rapidly to form water at higher temperatures.
2. Concentration or Pressure: Higher concentrations or pressures of reactant molecules increase the frequency of collisions between them. This leads to a higher chance of successful collisions and thus increases the reaction rate. For instance, increasing the concentration of hydrogen gas in a reaction with nitrogen gas will lead to a faster reaction and the formation of ammonia.
3. Catalysts: Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They work by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. This allows more reactant molecules to have enough energy to overcome the activation barrier and proceed to the products. For example, enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in our bodies.
4. Nature of Reactants: The chemical composition and properties of the reactants can also affect whether a chemical reaction occurs spontaneously. Some reactions are more likely to occur because of the inherent instability or reactivity of the reactant molecules. For instance, the reaction between sodium and water is highly exothermic and occurs spontaneously due to the high reactivity of sodium metal.
It's important to note that while these factors influence the rate of a reaction, they don't guarantee that a reaction will occur. The concept of spontaneity in chemical reactions is related to thermodynamics, specifically the change in free energy (∆G) during a reaction. A reaction is spontaneous if ∆G is negative, indicating that the reaction will proceed without any external influence.
Overall, these factors collectively determine whether a chemical reaction occurs spontaneously or not, by affecting the collision frequency, energy, and stability of the reactant molecules.
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The factors that most directly affect whether a chemical reaction occurs spontaneously are Temperature, Concentration, Pressure, and Catalysts.
The spontaneity of a reaction is primarily determined by the change in Gibbs free energy (∆G) associated with the reaction. If ∆G is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, while a positive ∆G indicates a non-spontaneous reaction.
The factors that most directly affect whether a chemical reaction occurs spontaneously are the following:
1. Temperature: Increasing the temperature usually increases the rate of a chemical reaction. This is because at higher temperatures, the reactant particles have more kinetic energy, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions. As a result, the reactant molecules are more likely to overcome the activation energy barrier and react.
2. Concentration: Higher concentrations of reactants typically increase the rate of a chemical reaction. This is because when the concentration of reactant particles is higher, there are more collisions between them, leading to a higher probability of successful collisions and therefore an increased reaction rate.
3. Pressure (for gases): For reactions involving gases, increasing the pressure can also increase the reaction rate. This is because higher pressure leads to a higher concentration of gas particles, which in turn increases the frequency of collisions between them.
4. Catalysts: Catalysts are substances that can increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They achieve this by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. By lowering the activation energy, catalysts make it easier for reactant particles to overcome the energy barrier and react, thereby speeding up the reaction.
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Which change is MOST likely to occur because of the movement of the axis?
Answer:
This is due to the very slow wobble of the axis of Earth. Which change is most likely to occur because of the movement of the axis? Winter and summer months will reverse
Explanation:
hope its help you
help me out please and thank you
The metals that are able to displace iron sulfate from solution are magnesium and aluminum.
What is the electrochemical series?The electrochemical series is a series that shows the reactivity of the metals. We must note that the order of the reactivity of the metals depends on the electrode potential of the metal. The metals that have a higher electrode potential would tend to react better and faster.
Also note that, the metals that are higher in the electrochemical series are able to displace the metals that are lower in the series from their aqueous solutions. This implies that if we add a metal to a solution that contains a meta that is lower in the electrochemical series, the lower meta is discharged from solution.
As we can see, when we add each of these metals to the iron sulfate solution, the only time that we would be able to have a reaction is when we add the aluminum or the magnesium metals.
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A physical change can be distinguished from a chemical change because during a physical change- a. the properties of the substance may change, but no new substances are produced b. the properties of the substance change for only a short time but will return to their original state. c. an entirely new substance with new properties forms as a result of the change d. a new substance is produced, but the new substance has properties identical to the original substance
Answer:
C. an entirely new substance with new properties forms as a result of the change
Answer:
. an entirely new substance with new properties forms as a result of the change
Explanation:
Which substance is a mixture?
table salt
gasoline
aluminum
carbon dioxide
Answer:
Answer is Gasoline
Gasoline is a fuel made from crude oil and other petroleum liquids. Gasoline is mainly used as an engine fuel in vehicles. Petroleum refineries and blending facilities produce motor gasoline for sale at retail gasoline fueling stations.
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What level of ecological organization so all the owls in a certain area represent?
The owls in the certain area located in the picture represent a population, they are formed up as a small group of animals representing a small species.
The level of ecological organization that all owls in a given area represent is the population of owls in a given area.
What is ecology?In ecology, the organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere are among the levels of organization. A population is a collection of creatures from the same species that coexist in one location and communicate with one another.
Researchers in the field of ecology focus on five major levels: organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. These levels are sometimes studied separately and other times they overlap. Let's examine each stage one by one.
The owls in the particular location shown in the image are a population; they are made up of a few individuals representing a single small species.
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what is the b^2 - 4ac of x^2-5x+4=0
Answer:
9
Explanation:
Given parameters:
what is b² - 4ac of
Equation x² - 5x + 4 = 0
Solution:
x² - 5x + 4 in the form ax + bx + c = 0
a is the coefficient of x² = 1
b = -5
c = 4
Input the parameters and solve;
b² - 4ac = -5² - 4(1)(4)
= 25 - 16
= 9
Positive charges that "reach up" to the approaching negative charges are called?
Positive charges that "reach up" to the approaching negative charges are called attraction forces. These forces occur due to the interaction between opposite charges. When a positive charge approaches a negative charge, it experiences an attractive force, causing the charges to move closer together.
To better understand this concept, let's consider an example. Imagine two charged objects: one with a positive charge and the other with a negative charge. As the positive charge moves towards the negative charge, the negative charge exerts an attractive force on the positive charge. This force pulls the positive charge towards the negative charge, causing them to come closer together.
This attraction force can be observed in various situations. For instance, when a positively charged balloon is brought near a negatively charged object, such as a wall, the balloon is attracted to the wall due to the attraction force between the positive and negative charges. Similarly, the attraction between positively and negatively charged particles is responsible for holding atoms together in molecules.
In summary, positive charges that "reach up" to the approaching negative charges are called attraction forces. These forces arise due to the interaction between opposite charges, resulting in the charges being pulled towards each other. This phenomenon can be observed in everyday situations and plays a crucial role in the behavior of charged objects and particles.
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Does the cell potential change if the reaction were written for two moles of Ni(s) reacting? Write the redox reaction using a factor of two moles and answer the question using the Nernst equation. Explain.
Yes, the cell potential would change if the reaction were written for two moles of Ni(s) reacting.
Here's the redox reaction for the oxidation of two moles of solid nickel (Ni(s)) to form Ni2+(aq) ions:
Ni(s) → Ni²⁺(aq) + 2 e-
The corresponding half-reaction for the reduction of Ni2+(aq) to solid nickel (Ni(s)) would be:
Ni²⁺(aq) + 2 e- → Ni(s)
The overall reaction can be represented as:
2Ni(s) + 2Ni₂+(aq) → 2Ni₂+(aq) + 2Ni(s)
The standard cell potential for this reaction can be calculated using the standard reduction potentials of the half-reactions. However, if we want to determine the cell potential under non-standard conditions, we can use the Nernst equation:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln(Q)
where:
Ecell = cell potential under non-standard conditions
E°cell = standard cell potential
R = gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
T = temperature (in Kelvin)
n = number of moles of electrons transferred in the balanced equation
F = Faraday's constant (96,485 C/mol)
Q = reaction quotient (concentrations of products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients divided by concentrations of reactants raised to their stoichiometric coefficients)
The reaction quotient can be expressed as:
Q = [Ni²⁺]² / [Ni(s)]²
If the reaction were written for two moles of Ni(s) reacting, then the concentrations of Ni(s) and Ni²⁺(aq) in the reaction quotient would be doubled. This would result in a change in the value of Q, and consequently, a change in the cell potential under non-standard conditions.
In summary, if the reaction were written for two moles of Ni(s) reacting, the cell potential would change under non-standard conditions, and we could use the Nernst equation to calculate the new cell potential.
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When discussing distances between objects in the solar system, which term do you use? (2 points)
Group of answer choices
Actual distance
Apparent brightness
Relative brightness
Relative distanc
When discussing distance in the solar system,you use Relative Distance.This tells you the space between two objects with location.
D. Relative distance
The relative distance is the distance that you are felt to cover up, taking the time used to obtain there. Distance relative to a particular reference point, typically one in motion.
Relative distance is calculated measuring distance, using metrics such as time, effort, or cost.
In space, Relative distance means how far apart the planets are when compared to each other and the sun.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Al wonders if adding salt to water will affect how long it takes the water to
freeze. Al thinks that salt water will freeze more quickly than fresh water.
He decides to check his hypothesis by conducting an experiment. Al takes
two ice trays and fills one with distilled water and the other with distilled
water that has two tablespoons of salt added. He makes sure he puts
exactly the same amount of water in each ice tray. Al takes the trays and
puts them side by side in the freezer. Al checks the ice trays every 10
minutes to see if the water in each tray has begun to freeze. Al finds that
after 20 minutes the water in the ice tray without the salt has started to
form ice, while the ice tray with the salt water is still completely liquid.
Ku
The hypothesis is that salt water freezes faster than fresh water.
The dependent variable is time taken for ice to appear.
The independent variable is presence or absence of salt
The constants are the amount of water in each tray, freezing conditions and length of time of exposure to freezing condition.
The control group is the tray to which salt was not added
The experimental group is the tray to which salt was added
The presence of solutes in a solution causes the freezing point depression.
A solution is made up of a solute and a solvent. In the presence of a solute, the freezing point of a pure solvent is decreased. This is because freezing point is a colligative property.
Colligative properties depend on the amount of solute present.
Hence, the pure water freezes faster (ice begin to appear earlier) than the salt water.
The hypothesis put forward in this experiment was found to be invalid by the experiment.
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(6): Calculate the maximum amount of work that can be obtained from the galvanic cells at standard conditions listed below. (Use the table for standard reduction potentials.)
(a) Cr2O72− + 14 H+ + 6 e− → 2 Cr3+ + 7 H2O
H2O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e− → 2 H2O
____ kJ
(b) 2 H+ + 2 e− → H2
Al3+ + 3e− → Al
____ kJ
Answer:
(a) The maximum amount of work that can be obtained from the first galvanic cell is -510.5kJ.
(b) The maximum amount of work that can be obtained from the second galvanic cell is -318.5kJ.
Explanation:
In this question, we need to use the standard reduction potentials to calculate the standard cell potential of each galvanic cell, and then use the formula AG = -nFE to calculate the maximum amount of work that can be obtained from each galvanic cell.
Solve the Problem
(a) Cr₂02 +14H++6e → 2Cr³++7H₂O
The standard reduction potential of Cr2O2 is 1.33V, and the standard reduction potential of His 0V. Therefore, the standard cell potential of this galvanic cell is:
E cell = reduction (Cr202) - E reduction (H+) = 1.33V
The number of electrons transferred in this reaction is 6, so the maximum amount of work that can be obtained from this galvanic cell is:
AG= -nFE = -696485C/mol 1.33J/C = −51
(b) 2H+ + 2e→ H₂
The standard reduction potential of H+ is 0V, and the standard reduction potential of Al3+ is -1.66V.
Therefore, the standard cell potential of this galvanic cell is:
EO =E0 cell reduction (H+)-E0 reduction (A13+) = 0V – (−1
The number of electrons transferred in this reaction is 2, so the maximum amount of work that can be obtained from this galvanic cell is:
AG-nFE-2 96485C/mol 1.66J/C-31
Draw the Conclusion
(a) The maximum amount of work that can be obtained from the first galvanic cell is -510.5kJ.
(b) The maximum amount of work that can be obtained from the second galvanic cell is -318.5kJ.
most minerals are a combination of two or more elements. therefore, most minerals are .
The majority of minerals are made up of two or more elements. As a result, the majority of minerals are compounds.
What is an element answer?An element is a constituent that cannot be changed into another substance. The roughly 100 elements each have a different type of atom. Everything in the universe contains atoms from one or more minerals, at most. In the era 3, all known atoms are listed, with old and current being grouped together.
What components comprise the elements?Each element is made up of atoms. Atoms are made up of charged particles, neutrons, and electrons. Two unique atom types can be combined to form a compound. A atom is a collection of electrons that can never be completely isolated from the larger material of which it is a part.
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A wax candle is lit and then placed into a small, closed container. After a few minutes, the candle goes out. What is the limiting reactant of the reaction described here?
We say that the limiting reactant is the one that gets consumed first in a reaction and therefore limits the production of products.
Here we burn a candle made of wax with oxygen from the air, and it is `produced energy, CO2, and water.
If we limit the amount of oxygen in the available air, the candle's flame eventually goes out once it uses up all the O2.
O2 molecule of
Answer: the limiting reactant is the O2 from the air.
Help please
what is the half-life of c-14 at 250g?
Answer:
5,730 years
hope im right
Explanation:
Its half-life is 5,730 years. How much of a 250g sample of carbon-14 will be left in 5,000 years?
THREE QUESTIONS ANSWER TWO Question 1 a) Determine the pulse duration of a periodic pulse train whose duty cycle is \( 15 \% \) and period is 115 nanoseconds.
The pulse duration of periodic pulse train with a duty cycle of 15% and a period of 115 nanoseconds is 17.25 nanoseconds.
Duty cycle = 15% or 0.15
Time period = 115 nanoseconds
The ratio of the amount of time the signal spends in the "on" state to its overall duration is known as the duty cycle. The signal is on for 15% of the entire period when the duty cycle is given as 15% in this instance. Duty cycles are a term used to represent the percentage of time that an electrical signal is active in a device, such as the power switch in a switching power supply, or when an organism, like a neuron, fires an action potential.
Calculating the duty cycle and the period of the pulse train -
Pulse duration = Duty cycle x Period
= 0.15 x 115
= 17.25
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