Consider two solutes with the same lattice energy in kj/mol; however, the particles of solute a are strongly solvated by water, while those of solute b are only weakly solvated. Which of the two dissolution processes is more exothermic, on a kj/mol basis?.

Reflecting telescopes are preferred for scientific research because they are better suited for gathering large amounts of light and producing high-quality images. However, refracting telescopes are still popular for amateur astronomers and for viewing objects on Earth.

Reflecting telescopes are different from refracting telescopes because reflecting telescopes use mirrors, whereas refracting telescopes use lenses. The reflecting telescope was invented in 1668 by Sir Isaac Newton, and it has since become one of the most popular types of telescopes.
Reflecting telescopes use a mirror to gather and focus light, while refracting telescopes use a lens to do the same thing. Reflecting telescopes can be made much larger than refracting telescopes because it is easier to make large mirrors than it is to make large lenses. The mirror in a reflecting telescope is placed at the back of the telescope, and it gathers and reflects light back to a secondary mirror, which then reflects the light to the eyepiece. The eyepiece is where the observer looks through the telescope.In contrast, the lens in a refracting telescope is placed at the front of the telescope, and it gathers and bends light as it passes through. The lens focuses the light onto an eyepiece at the back of the telescope. Refracting telescopes are generally smaller than reflecting telescopes because of the difficulty of making large lenses.
Another difference between reflecting and refracting telescopes is the way they are constructed. Reflecting telescopes have a simple tube that houses the mirrors and eyepiece, while refracting telescopes have a more complex design with a long tube that contains the lens and eyepiece.

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Answer:

0.20 mol

Explanation:

Let's consider the reduction of iron from an aqueous solution of iron (II).

Fe²⁺ + 2 e⁻ ⇒ Fe

The molar mass of Fe is 55.85 g/mol. The moles corresponding to 5.6 g of Fe are:

5.6 g × 1 mol/55.85 g = 0.10 mol

2 moles of electrons are required to deposit 1 mole of Fe. The moles of electrons required to deposit 0.10 moles of Fe are

0.10 mol Fe × 2 mol e⁻/1 mol Fe = 0.20 mol e⁻

0.20 mol of electrons is required to deposit 5.6g of iron from a solution of iron (2) tetraoxosulphate(6)

 The reduction of iron from an aqueous solution of iron (II).

\(Fe^{+2} +2e^{-} \rightarrow Fe\)

The formula for number of moles is as follows:-

\(Number \ of \ moles=\frac{Mass}{Molar\ mass}\)

The molar mass of Fe is 55.85 g/mol. The moles corresponding to 5.6 g of Fe are:

\(5.6 g \times\frac{1\ mol}{55.85\ g} = 0.10 \ mol\)

2 moles of electrons are required to deposit 1 mole of Fe. The moles of electrons required to deposit 0.10 moles of Fe are:-

\(0.10 mol Fe\times\frac{2\ mol\ e^{-} }{1\ mol\ e^{-}} = 0.20 \ mol e^{-}\)

Hence, 0.20 mol of electrons is required to deposit 5.6g of iron.

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aqueous Magnesium Chloride reacts with liquid Bromide to form aqueous Magnesium Bromide and Chlorine gas

The limiting reactant: Nitrogen gas (N2)

The excess reactant: Hydrogen gas (H2)

Molar mass of hydrogen gas: 2.016 grams/mol

Molar mass of nitrogen gas: 28.02 grams/mol

Molar mass of ammonia (NH3): 17.04 grams/mol

To find the amount of ammonia produced we can use the concept of limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the one that runs out first and limits the amount of product that can be formed. In this case, we have 10.0 grams of nitrogen gas and 10.0 grams of hydrogen gas.

To find the amount of ammonia produced, we need to find out which reactant is limiting.

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

1 mole of N2 and 3 mole of H2 required for 1 mole of NH3.

10.0 g N2 / 28.02 g/mol N2 = 0.357 moles N2

10.0 g H2 / 2.016 g/mol H2 = 4.96 moles H2

To find the amount of ammonia produced we will use the limiting reactant N2, and it's stoichiometry in the reaction.

0.357 moles N2 * 2 moles NH3 / 1 mole N2 = 0.714 moles NH3

And to find the mass of ammonia produced we can use the molar mass of NH3

0.714 moles NH3 * 17.04 g/mol NH3 = 12.16 grams

Amount of ammonia produced: 12.16 grams

Answer:

Human activities contribute to climate change by causing changes in Earth's atmosphere in the amounts of greenhouse gases, aerosols (small particles), and cloudiness. The largest known contribution comes from the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere.

Explanation:

Answer:use of aerosoles

Burning of fossil fuels

Cutting down trees(this is because CO2 is used in photosynthesis)

Hope this helps

Explanation:

Answer:

9.9Xkgms-¹

Explanation:

Let mass of object be xkg

Gravitational pull is 10m/s-1/10=99/10=9.9

9.9xkgms-¹

The empirical formula of the compound is Fe₂O₃, representing the simplest mole ratio of Fe and O.

The empirical formula represents the relative proportion of elements in a compound, showing the simplest, whole-number ratio of atoms.

It is often referred to as the molecular formula. While molecular formulas provide the actual number of atoms in a molecule, empirical formulas convey the ratios of the elements.

In the given compound composed of 72.36% Fe and 27.64% O by mass, the empirical formula is Fe₂O₃.

To determine the empirical formula:

Assume 100 g of the compound.

Calculate the number of moles for each element.

Find the ratio of moles for each element.

Divide each mole value by the smallest mole value to obtain the simplest mole ratio.

Write the empirical formula.

Following these steps:

Assuming 100 g of the compound, there are 72.36 g of Fe and 27.64 g of O.

Calculate the moles of Fe: Moles of Fe = (72.36 g Fe) / (55.85 g/mol) = 1.294 mol Fe

Calculate the moles of O: Moles of O = (27.64 g O) / (16 g/mol) = 1.7275 mol O

The ratio of moles is Fe:O = 1.294 mol Fe : 1.7275 mol O

Dividing each value by the smallest value of 1.294, we get Fe:O = 1 : 1.33

The empirical formula is Fe₂O₃.

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Answer:

the most common oxidation no.of manganese is + 2 + 3 + 4 + 6 + 7

Explanation:

Answer:

(c) 15.39 kg of copper present in 1tonne of ore.

Explanation:

We are given that ore contains 3% of copper carbonate

1tonne = 1000kg

3% of copper carbonate in 1000kg of ore will be

= \(\frac{3}{100}*1000\) = 30kg

30 kg of copper carbonate is present in ore

CuCO3 has 63.5g of cupper present in it

molar mass of CuCO3 = 123.5

so the percentage of copper present in CuCO3

= \(\frac{63.5}{123.5}*100\) = 51.3% of copper present per kg CuCO3

Now

amount of copper present in 30kg of CuCO3

= \(\frac{51.3}{100}* 30\) = 15.39kg

15.39 kg of copper present in 1tonne of ore

The mass of copper obtained from 1 tonne of the ore is 15.4 kg

The copper ore has 3% of copper carbonate by mass.

The mass of copper carbonate in 1 tonne of the ore can be calculated below.

1000 kg = 1 tonne

Therefore,

mass of copper carbonate = 3 /100 × 1000 = 30 kg

atomic mass of copper = 63.5 g

molar mass of CuCO₃ = 123.55 g

123.55 g of CuCO₃ gives 63.5 g of copper  

30, 000g of CuCO₃ will give ? of copper

cross multiply

mass of copper = 30,000 × 63.5 / 123.55

mass of copper = 1905000 / 123.55 = 15418.8587616 g

mass of copper = 15418.8587616 / 1000 ≈ 15. 4 kg  

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The mass of the cube of iron with a side length of 55.0 mm is approximately 1313.6125 grams.

To calculate the mass of a cube of iron, we need to know the density of iron and the length of one side of the cube. Given that the density of iron is 7.9 g/cm^3 and the length of one side of the cube is 55.0 mm, we can proceed with the calculation. First, we need to convert the length of one side from millimeters (mm) to centimeters (cm) since the density is given in grams per cubic centimeter. We divide 55.0 mm by 10 to obtain 5.5 cm.

Next, we can calculate the volume of the cube using the formula V = (side length)^3. Substituting the value of 5.5 cm into the formula, we get V = (5.5 cm)^3 = 166.375 cm^3. Finally, we can calculate the mass of the cube using the formula mass = density × volume. Substituting the values of density (7.9 g/cm^3) and volume (166.375 cm^3), we get mass = 7.9 g/cm^3 × 166.375 cm^3 = 1313.6125 g.

In summary, to calculate the mass of the iron cube, we convert the length from millimeters to centimeters, calculate the volume of the cube, and then multiply it by the density of iron. The resulting mass is approximately 1313.6125 grams.

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The volume of CO₂ at STP = 2.8 L

Given

21 gram of sodium hydrogen carbonate-NaHCO₃

Required

Volume of CO₂

Solution

The decomposition of sodium bicarbonate into sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water :

2 NaHCO₃(s) → Na₂CO₃(s) + CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)

mol of NaHCO₃ :

= mass : MW NaHCO₃

= 21 g : 84 g/mol

= 0.25

From the equation, mol ratio of NaHCO₃(s) :CO₂(g) = 2 : 1, so mol CO₂ :

= 1/2 x mol NaHCO₃

= 1/2 x 0.25

= 0.125

At STP, 1 mol gas = 22.4 L, so for 0.125 mol :

= 0.125 x 22.4 L

= 2.8 L

The diagram represents a (c) nuclear fission reaction because an atom is splitting into two large fragments of comparable mass.

Nuclear fission is a type of nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller fragments. This process is often accompanied by the release of a significant amount of energy. In the diagram, a small ball heading toward a large circle labeled superscript 235 upper U indicates the incident neutron or particle that triggers the fission reaction.

The arrow pointing to an irregular circle labeled superscript 236 upper U represents the nucleus of uranium-236, which is the result of the fission of uranium-235. Uranium-235 is a fissile isotope that can undergo fission when bombarded by a neutron. The irregular circle indicates the nucleus undergoing fission.

The starburst, partially overlaid by two blobs labeled superscript 92 upper K r and superscript 141 upper B a, represents the fission products. During nuclear fission, the nucleus of uranium-236 splits into two large fragments, in this case, krypton-92 and barium-141. These fragments are often radioactive and contribute to the release of energy during the fission process.

The three small balls heading away from the starburst represent the release of additional neutrons during the fission reaction. These neutrons can go on to initiate further fission reactions in a chain reaction, contributing to the sustained release of energy.

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Answer:

When a strong base reacts with a strong acid, a neutral salt is formed. When a strong base reacts with a weak acid, a basic salt is formed. When a strong acid reacts with a weak base, an acidic salt is formed.

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer is D, ductility

Explanation:

The definition of ductile is "(of a metal) able to be drawn out into a thin wire."

Answer:

the answer is option B it is a proton acceptor

Answer:

I believe the answer is B

Explanation:

An understanding of chemistry could help you know what will react with the rust to remove it, and what wouldn't work

Yes, it is true, only these lines are found in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Balmer series wavelengths are all in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (400nm to 740nm).

The H-Alpha line of the Balmer series, which is also a component of the solar spectrum, is used in astronomy to detect the presence of hydrogen. When an electron transitions from a higher level to the energy level with the primary quantum number 2, it produces a series of spectral emission lines known as the Balmer series. The Balmer series' "visible" hydrogen emission spectrum lines. The red line to the right represents H-alpha. Formally, there are four lines in the visible range (counting from the right). Although lines five and six are visible to the unaided eye, they are classified as UV since their wavelengths are below 400 nm.

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Light is not considered matter. It is a form of electromagnetic radiation that does not possess mass or occupy space in the same way that physical substances do.  Option D

a) Bubbles are made up of matter. They are typically composed of a gas (such as air) surrounded by a liquid or solid material, forming a thin film. The film of the bubble contains molecules of the substance, making it a form of matter.

b) Smoke consists of tiny particles suspended in air, resulting from the incomplete combustion of a material. These particles are solid or liquid, making smoke a form of matter. It contains tiny particles of matter that are dispersed in the air.

c) Glass is a solid material that is made up of an amorphous arrangement of molecules. It is a state of matter known as a solid, characterized by its rigidity and shape. Glass is composed of atoms and molecules tightly packed together.

In contrast, light does not have mass or a fixed volume. It behaves as both particles (photons) and waves, and it travels in a straight line at a constant speed. Light can interact with matter, such as being absorbed, transmitted, or reflected, but it itself is not matter.

In summary, while bubbles, smoke, and glass are all forms of matter, light is not. Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation that exhibits wave-particle duality and does not possess mass or occupy space in the same way as physical substances.

Option D

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Answer:

The cation is written first in the name; the anion is written second in the name. Rule 2. When the formula unit contains two or more of the same polyatomic ion, that ion is written in parentheses with the subscript written outside the parentheses.

When writing the formula of a compound that contains polyatomic ion, the metal is written first followed by the central atom in the ion and then other atoms that surround the central atom.

A poly atomic ion refers to an ion that comprises of more than one atom. Such ions are common in chemistry. Examples of polyatomic ions include; PO4^3-, BH4^- etc.

When writing the formula of a compound that contains a polyatomic ion, the metal is written first then the central atom in the ion follows before other atoms that surround the central atom in the ion.

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An electrovalent or ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs between two atoms when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another. This results in the formation of two ions with opposite charges that are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, forming an ionic bond.

Typically, an ionic bond occurs between a metal and a nonmetal. The metal atom loses one or more electrons to become a positively charged ion or cation, while the nonmetal atom gains one or more electrons to become a negatively charged ion or anion. For example, in the formation of sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium donates an electron to chlorine, forming Na+ and Cl- ions that are attracted to each other to form an ionic bond.

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69.45 ml of 0.0887 m Mgcl2 solution is needed to make 275.0 ml of 0.0224 m Mgcl2 solution

A combination of one or even more solutes that have been dissolved into a solvent is referred to as a solution. To create a homogenous mixture, a solute must be completely dissolve in a solvent.

V1M1 = V2M2

Where,

V1 = volume of first solution = V1

V2 = volume of second solution = 275.0 ml

M1 = molarity of first solution = 0.0887 M

M2 = molarity of second solution = 0.0224 M

On putting values we get -

V1M1 = V2M2

V1 × 0.0887 = 275.0 × 0.0224

V1 = 6.16 / 0.0887

V1 = 69.45 ml

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Answer: I believe the answer is surface tension :)

Warm front Forms when a moist, warm airmass slides up and over a cold air mass. As the warm airmass rises, it condenses into a broad area of clouds. A warmfront brings gentle rain or light snow, followedby warmer, milder weather.

The wavelength of light with a frequency of 4.36 x 10^15 Hz is approximately 68.9 nanometers.

To calculate the wavelength of light in nanometers, we can use the formula:

wavelength = speed of light/frequency

The speed of light is approximately 3.00 x 10^8 meters per second. We need to convert the frequency of 4.36 x 10^15 Hz to Hz. Thus,

wavelength = (3.00 x 10^8 m/s) / (4.36 x 10^15 Hz)

Simplifying this expression, we get:

wavelength = 0.0689 x 10^-6 m = 68.9 x 10^-9 m

Finally, we convert meters to nanometers by multiplying by 10^9:

wavelength = 68.9 x 10^-9 m x 10^9 nm/m

wavelength = 68.9 nm

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i think its double replacement if i'm not mistaken  

The noble gases have a full outer shell of valence electrons, making them stable and unreactive. They are colorless, odorless gases at room temperature and have very low boiling points. Their lack of reactivity makes them useful in a variety of applications, including lighting and welding.

The properties that are common to each of the following chemical families include:

(a) Alkali metals The alkali metals have a single valence electron in their outermost shell, which is easily lost to form an ion with a charge of +1. They are the most reactive metals, reacting with water and air to produce hydrogen gas and an oxide layer, respectively. They are silvery-white and have a soft texture.

(b) Alkaline earth metals The alkaline earth metals have two valence electrons in their outermost shell, which they readily lose to form ions with a charge of +2. They are less reactive than the alkali metals, but they still react with oxygen to form an oxide layer on their surface. They are also silvery-white in color and have a harder texture than the alkali metals.

(c) Halogens The halogens have seven valence electrons in their outermost shell, making them highly reactive nonmetals. They readily form ions with a charge of -1 by gaining an electron. They are diatomic molecules at room temperature and can be found in a variety of colors and states of matter.

(d) Noble gases The noble gases have a full outer shell of valence electrons, making them stable and unreactive. They are colorless, odorless gases at room temperature and have very low boiling points. Their lack of reactivity makes them useful in a variety of applications, including lighting and welding. These properties are common to each of the following chemical families.

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The diagram on the right shows the correct representation of the hydrogen bonding between thymine and adenine base pairs.

Thymine is one of the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA. It is a pyrimidine base that pairs with Adenine in DNA to form a base pair. Thymine is essential for the proper replication and expression of genetic information and is the only base that bonds with Adenine in DNA. By forming base pairs, thymine helps to maintain the structure of DNA. It also helps to prevent errors in replication and transcription. Thymine is also found in RNA, but instead of bonding with Adenine, it bonds with Uracil.

The hydrogen bonds form between the nitrogenous bases of the two complementary strands of DNA. The thymine molecule has two hydrogen atoms that bind to the nitrogen atom of the adenine molecule. The adenine molecule has two hydrogen atoms that bind to the nitrogen atom of the thymine molecule. This creates a strong link between the two strands of DNA, which is essential for the replication of the genetic material.

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The molecule for further use in the citric acid cycle is NAD+.

In the absence of oxygen after glycolysis cells undergo fermentation without the citric acid cycle or oxidative phosphorylation. The citric acid cycle requires oxygen. This is because the electron transport chain requires an electron acceptor to regenerate her NAD, which is the role of oxygen.

Some of this is considered an aerobic pathway because the NADH and FADH2 produced must transfer electrons to the next pathway in the system using oxygen. Without oxygen, this transfer would not occur. Two carbon atoms from each acetyl group enter the citric acid cycle. Oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is therefore required for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation.

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