Consider the following class definition:
class ArithmeticSequence:
def _init_(self, common_difference = 1, max_value = 5): self.max_value = max_value
self.common_difference-common_difference
def _iter_(self):
return ArithmeticIterator(self.common_difference, self.max_value)
The ArithmeticSequence class provides a list of numbers, starting at 1, in an arithmetic sequence. In an Arithmetic Sequence the difference between one term and the next is a constant. For
example, the following code fragment:
sequence = ArithmeticSequence (3, 10)
for num in sequence:
print(num, end =
produces:
147 10
The above sequence has a difference of 3 between each number. The initial number is 1 and the last number is 10. The above example contains a for loop to iterate through the iterable object (i.e. ArithmeticSequence object) and prints numbers from the sequence. Define the ArithmeticIterator class so that the for-loop above works correctly. The ArithmeticIterator class contains
the following:
• An integer data field named common_difference that defines the common difference between two numbers.
• An integer data field named current that defines the current value. The initial value is 1. An integer data field named max_value that defines the maximum value of the sequence.
A constructor/initializer that that takes two integers as parameters and creates an iterator object.
The_next__(self) method which returns the next element in the sequence. If there are no more elements (in other words, if the traversal has finished) then a StopIteration exception is
raised.
Note: you can assume that the ArithmeticSequence class is given.
Answers
To make the for-loop work correctly with the ArithmeticSequence class, the ArithmeticIterator class needs to be defined.
This class will have data fields for the common difference, current value, and maximum value of the sequence. It will also implement a constructor to initialize these values and a __next__ method to return the next element in the sequence, raising a StopIteration exception when the traversal is finished.
The code for the ArithmeticIterator class can be defined as follows:
class ArithmeticIterator:
def __init__(self, common_difference, max_value):
self.common_difference = common_difference
self.current = 1
self.max_value = max_value
def __next__(self):
if self.current > self.max_value:
raise StopIteration
else:
result = self.current
self.current += self.common_difference
return result
In this class, the __init__ method initializes the common_difference, current, and max_value attributes with the provided values. The __next__ method returns the next element in the sequence and updates the current value by adding the common difference. If the current value exceeds the maximum value, a StopIteration exception is raised to indicate the end of iteration.
By defining the ArithmeticIterator class as shown above, you can use it in conjunction with the ArithmeticSequence class to iterate through the arithmetic sequence in a for-loop, as demonstrated in the provided example.
To learn more about for-loop visit:
brainly.com/question/14390367
#SPJ11
Related Questions
___________________ is the primary classification trait used to explain how scientists divide rocks into the three classification groups.
answer choices
- Composition
- Formation
- Location
- Texture
Answers
how is me depressed or am me not? (but with a yoda voice)
Answers
Answer:
but the way is the way but the WAY is not the way
Explanation:
(yoda voice)
Answer:
umm am i supposed to be laughing?
Explanation:
sorryyy idk what yoda sounds like cuz i think star wars is pretty wack, just my opinion tho so dont get offended
An electric train is moving north at 100 mph and a wind is blowing to the west at 10 mph. Which way does the smoke blow?
Answers
there is no smoke its a electric train
a typical residential inverter select one: a. wieghs about 90 pounds b. converts dc voltage to ac voltage c. requires nema 3r enclosure d. feeds ac voltage into an ac disconnect e. all of these
Answers
This permits the home's power to be connected and disconnected from the inverter as needed. It feeds AC voltage into an AC disconnect. Therefore, option e is correct.
What is a typical residential inverter ?A typical residential inverter is a device that converts direct current (DC) electricity into alternating current (AC) electricity for residential use. A typical residential inverter converts the DC voltage produced by the solar panels into AC voltage that is used in a home. A typical residential inverter weighs approximately 90 pounds and is about the size of a small suitcase.
Residential inverters, like all electrical equipment, must be mounted in a NEMA 3R-rated enclosure for outdoor usage. It is necessary to feed AC voltage from the inverter into an AC disconnect.
learn more about direct current (DC)
brainly.com/question/28305485
#SPJ4
How much horse power does a Lamborghini have
Answers
Answer:
Countach - 375 Huracan - 610 to 630Aventador - 729 to 759Urus - 641Gallardo - 543 to 562Centenario - 770 SCV12 - 830Explanation:
It really all depends, it varies from 375 to 830, you can't mark one as " Lamborghinis have this much hp always " seeing it fluctuates so much car to car
Identify the different types of strain. Buckling Bending Shear Axial Static Torsional Dynamic Centrifugal QUESTION 2 The amount of deformation a material experiences due to an applied force is called
Answers
Strain refers to the deformation experienced by a material under applied force. Various types of strain include axial, bending, shear, torsional, buckling, and centrifugal strain. Strain is measured as the ratio of change in length to the original length.
The different types of strain are as follows:
Axial strain: An axial strain is defined as the deformation that occurs parallel to the applied load. Bending strain: The deformation caused in a straight beam due to the applied load is known as bending strain. Shear strain: The deformation that happens when a material is subjected to a force that is parallel to the surface area of the material is known as shear strain. Torsional strain: Torsional strain is defined as the deformation that occurs in a material due to a twisting force. Buckling strain: Buckling strain happens in a material when it is subjected to a compressive load that is too large. Centrifugal strain: Centrifugal strain is defined as the force that arises when a material is exposed to a centrifugal force.The types of strain are used in materials science to understand how a material reacts to external forces such as compression, tension, and shear.
The amount of deformation a material experiences due to an applied force is called strain. Strain is measured using the formula (change in length/original length).
The resulting value is dimensionless and is expressed in terms of percentage or decimal form. It is the ratio of change in length to the original length.
Learn more about Strain refers: brainly.com/question/31925873
#SPJ11
One of the reasons traffic controls are in place is to help drivers ________________ the actions of other road users.
Answers
One of the reasons traffic controls are in place is to help drivers predict the actions of other road users.
Traffic controls such as traffic lights, stop signs, and yield signs are used to regulate the flow of traffic and help drivers predict what other road users (e.g., pedestrians, bicycles, and other vehicles) will do. The traffic controls should be followed and adhered to strictly by the drovers and all road users to avoid unnecessay mistakes on the roads. By following traffic controls and anticipating the actions of others, drivers can help prevent accidents and make the roads safer for everyone.
Learn more about traffic controls here: https://brainly.com/question/10480226
#SPJ4
Chemical engineering is one of the simpler fields in engineering.
True
False
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
An engineer places a small sample of a material on a horizontal disk whose surface is made of another material and then rotates the disk from rest with a constant angular acceleration of 4 rad/s2. Assuming that the coefficient of static friction between the sample and disk is 0. 2, what is the angular velocity of the disk at the time instant when the sample starts slipping on the disk?.
Answers
The critical value of the angular velocity obtained just before the slipping starts is the answer to this question and it is \(\bold{\omega = \sqrt{\frac{\mu.g}{r}}}\).
Let's consider the sample to be a point object.There are 2 forces acting upon the sample when it is on the plane and rotating: the normal force from the plane and the friction force directed to the centre of the rotating axis.This friction force provides the centripetal force needed to continue the rotation on the disk keeping itself at rest on the disk relative to it.The reason for a slip is due to the lacking of this friction so that it is no longer capable of providing the required amount of centripetal force in the form of friction.The maximum friction is simply \(f_{max} = \mu_s.R\) where \(R\) is the normal force on the sample and \(\mu_s\) the coefficient of static friction. By the vertical equilibrium \(R = mg\) and that gives \(f_{max} = \mu_s. mg\)The proper condition to continue the rotation without slipping is as follows and the critical value of angular velocity can be found from it.
\(\begin{aligned}\\\\F &= ma\\\\f_{max} &\geq ma\\\\ \mu_s.mg &\geq m.r\omega^2\\\\\omega &\leq \sqrt{\frac{\mu_sg}{r}}\\\\\omega_{critical} &= \sqrt{\frac{\mu_sg}{r}}\end{aligned}\)
The critical angular velocity depends only on these parameters and for a given system it is dependent on where it is primarily placed from the centre of rotation (this question lacks this piece of data by the way).So this is the answer to this question and with the data for the constant angular acceleration, you can calculate how long it would take from the startup or how many rotations it would take until the point of slipping.For that, you can employ the formulae \(\omega = \omega_0+\alpha.\Delta t\) and \(\omega^2 = \omega^2_0+2\alpha .\Delta \theta\) respectively by putting \(\omega = \omega_{critical}\).#SPJ4
What position does the governor spring hold the throttle plate when the engine is not running?
A. Closed
B. Open
C. 1/4 Open
D. 1/2 Open
Answers
The governor spring holds the throttle plate closed when the engine is not running.
The governor spring is a component of the governor system in an engine, which is responsible for regulating the speed of the engine. When the engine is not running, the governor spring pulls the throttle plate back to its closed position, preventing air and fuel from entering the engine.
The governor system in an engine is a complex system of mechanical and electrical components that work together to control the speed of the engine. The governor system includes the governor spring, which is a component that is responsible for holding the throttle plate in a certain position. When the engine is not running, the governor spring holds the throttle plate in the closed position. This prevents air and fuel from entering the engine, which is important for starting the engine. When the engine is started, the governor system adjusts the position of the throttle plate based on the load on the engine and the desired speed the governor spring holds the throttle plate closed when the engine is not running, which is important for starting the engine. As the engine runs, the governor system adjusts the position of the throttle plate to control the speed of the engine.
To know more about throttle visit:
https://brainly.com/question/12866827
#SPJ11
What is computer programming
Answers
Answer:
Computer programming is where you learn and see how computers work. People do this for a living as a job, if you get really good at it you will soon be able to program/ create a computer.
Explanation:
Hope dis helps! :)
I need some help!
Thanks
Answers
Answer:
a c 1 museum is a patient who by think and pay the the price
Optical discs store data using tiny pits and lands burned by a laser.
T / F
Answers
False. Optical discs store data using tiny pits and lands created by a laser, not burned. The laser beam alters the reflective properties of the disc's surface to encode the data.
Optical discs, such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs, are created with a reflective layer and a protective layer on top. To store data on an optical disc, a laser beam is used to create microscopic pits and lands on the reflective layer. The laser focuses on specific areas of the disc, heating them to change their optical properties. The areas heated by the laser become the pits, while the unheated areas remain as lands.
When the disc is read, a laser beam is directed onto the surface, and a sensor detects the changes in reflection caused by the pits and lands. The sensor translates these changes into digital data that can be interpreted by a device, such as a CD or DVD player.
The pits and lands on an optical disc are arranged in a spiral track or concentric circles, forming a continuous sequence of data. By varying the length and spacing of the pits and lands, different patterns are created to represent the encoded data. This allows optical discs to store various types of information, including audio, video, and computer data.
Hence, optical discs use lasers to create pits and lands on a reflective surface, rather than burning the data onto the disc. This technique enables the discs to store and retrieve data accurately and reliably.
To learn more about laser Click Here: brainly.com/question/27853311
#SPJ11
the primary difference between integrated/concurrent engineering development and functional/sequential development is:
Answers
Integrated development invests more money upfront to make savings later on. Sequential development covers the stages of development more thoroughly.
An integrated development environment (IDE) is a piece of software that offers computer programmers a full range of tools for creating software. A build automation tools and a source code editor are typically included in an IDE. SharpDevelop is an example of IDEs that lacks the requisite compiler, interpreter, or both. Other IDEs, such as NetBeans and Eclipse, do.
A version control system or numerous tools to make the creation of a graphical user interface (GUI) simpler may be included, blurring the line between an IDE and other components of the larger development environment. For usage in object-oriented software development, a class browser, an object browser, and a class hierarchy diagram are also common features of contemporary IDEs.
Learn more about integrated development here:
https://brainly.com/question/9671083
#SPJ4
Pls help!!! will give brainly!!!
Bridge collapses have hit the news recently with more frequency. Do some research online and state two possible reasons for these collapses. How might those employed in the Health, Safety, & Environmental Management pathway help prevent these collapses and keep us safe?
Answers
Answer:
The main reason for bridges collapses is: earthquakes (natural disasters) and construction incidents. Whenever a natural disaster occur, it makes the bridge collapse. An example is hurricanes. Hurricanes come with a great wind and that might lead to the bridge collapsing. Construction incidents means the bridge falls during construction. Those who are employed in health, safety and environmental management need to make sure that during the construction, they have examined the material and made sure it is strong. Working with economists, they should seek better understanding of the methods for minimizing the costs during the life of the bridge. In case for natural disasters, like flooding, they should make the bridge in a lever where the water won't reach the bridge. And they should have a limit for weight in the bridges because that is another reason it collapses, because the bridge does not support extra weight.
Explanation:
hope this helps
Tests by the byron jackson co. Of a 14. 62-in-diameter centrifugal water pump at 2134 r/min yield the following data: q, ft3/s 0 2 4 6 8 10 h, ft 340 340 340 330 300 220 bhp 135 160 205 255 330 330 what is the bep? what is the specific speed? estimate the maximum discharge possible
Answers
Z≤ -4.852 ft, Maximum efficiency is η≅ 0.88 ≅ 88% is the maximum discharge possible
Solution
Given Data:-
D = 14.62in, N = 2134 rc/min, T=20°C. At T= 20°C ɣ=ρg= 62.35 lb/ft³, vapor pressure. Pv = 49.2 lb/ft².
The efficienies at each flow rate is computal by using formula
η = ρgθH / (550) (bhp)
→ As we can See the maximum efficiency point is at θ = 6ft³/s (close to 6ft³/s)
Maximum efficiency is η≅ 0.88 ≅ 88%
b) Given NPSHR = 16 ft,hg=22ft. Zactual. = 9ft (below the sea surface)
To avoid cavitation NPSH < Pa - Pv/ρg - Z - hf
Z < Pa - Pv/ρg - hf
Z < 2116 - 49.2/62.35 - 16 - 22 [1 atm = 2116 lb/ft2]
Z≤ -4.852 ft
-> Keeping the pump 9 ft below the surface gives 4.148 ft of marign against cavitation.
Hence it is Sufficient to avoid cavitation.
Learn more about Efficiency here:
https://brainly.com/question/13764250
#SPJ4
1. A 150 v moving iron voltmeter is intended for 50HZ, has a resistance of 3kQ. Find the series resistance required to extent the range of instrument to 300v. If the 300V instrument is used to measure a d.c. voltage of 200V. Find the voltage across the meter?
Answers
Answer:
Voltmeter reactance = 2π × 50 × 0.7 = 220ΩImpedance of voltmeter = 3000 + j220 = 3008Ω When the voltmeter range is doubled its impedance has also to be doubled in order to have the same current for full-scale deflection. If R is the required series resistance then 3000 + R2 + 2202 = 2 × 30082 ∴ R = 3012Ω When used on d.c. supply if the voltmeter reads 200 V the actual applied d.c. voltage would be = 200 × Total A.C. Impedance/total d.c. resistance = 200 × 2 × 3008/3000 + 3012 = 200 × 6016 × 6012 = 200.134V.
The critical resolved shear stress for a metal is 36 MPa. Determine the maximum possible yield strength (in MPa) for a single crystal of this metal that is pulled in tension.
Answers
Answer:
72 MPa
Explanation:
Critical resolved shear stress = 36 MPa
calculate the maximum possible yield strength for a single crystal of the metal
first we have to express the critical resolved shear stress as
бy = 2т\(_{critical}\)
given that the minimum stress needed to introduce yielding curve will occur at Ψ = λ = 45
where : бy = yielding stress
t\(_{critical}\) = 36MPa
therefore the maximum possible yield strength
= (2) * (36)
= 72 MPa
There is interdependence between an organization and its information systems". Discuss this statement.
Answers
There is interdependence between an organization and its information systems have a mutual dependency on each other.
What is the organization?An institution made up of individuals or a group of individuals who gather together to accomplish a single, common goal is referred to as an organization.
Information systems and organizations are mutually influenced by one another. Inability to efficiently advantage of innovative technologies, an organization should be receptive to the effects of data systems, which have an impact on how information systems are designed.
Learn more about organization, here:
https://brainly.com/question/15202866
#SPJ1
Raven is adding FSMO roles to domain controllers in the domain1.com forest. The forest contains a single domain and three domain controllers, DC1, DC2, and DC3. DC1 contains a copy of the global catalog, and all three domain controllers have the latest version of Windows Server 2019 installed. Which of the following is a best practice that Raven should follow? She should use DC2 or DC3 as the Domain Naming Master. B She should create the Domain Naming Master role on DC1. She should create three Domain Naming Master roles, one for each domain controller. She does not need to create the Domain Master role because DC1 contains a copy of the global catalog.
Answers
The best practice that Raven should follow is to use DC2 or DC3 as the Domain Naming Master of the following is a best practice that Raven should follow. The correct option is A.
The management of the addition or deletion of domains from the forest is the responsibility of the Domain Naming Master. For redundancy and fault tolerance, it is advised to split the FSMO roles among several domain controllers.
Since DC1 already has a copy of the global catalog, it is advantageous to choose a different domain controller (DC2 or DC3) as the Domain Naming Master to disperse the workload and guarantee high availability. This ensures that the forest's operations may continue even if one domain controller goes offline and prevents the creation of a single point of failure.
Thus, the ideal selection is option A.
Learn more about Domain Naming Master here:
https://brainly.com/question/31558740
#SPJ4
what is the preferred method of bleeding the brake system
Answers
It keeps the brake system under pressure and is the best brake bleeding method for flushing dirty fluid from the system
Determine the moment about point A of each of the three forces acting on the beam. (Figure 1) Consider the counterclockwise direction to be positive moment.
Express your answers using three significant figures separated by commas.
Answers
The counterclockwise direction to be positive moment are 1.400 N-m, 0 N-m, -2.600 N-m.
What is the counterclockwise ?Counterclockwise refers to a direction which is the opposite of clockwise. It involves rotating or moving in a circular pattern in the opposite direction of the hands on a clock. Counterclockwise motion is often used in games, exercise, and physical activities such as spinning. It is also used to describe the movement of objects in the environment such as the rotation of the Earth, the Earth's orbit around the sun, the spin of a tornado, and the rotation of the Moon around the Earth. Counterclockwise motion is also used when describing directions on a map or in a compass. In some countries, such as the United Kingdom, counterclockwise is referred to as “anticlockwise”.
To learn more about counterclockwise
https://brainly.com/question/26097503
#SPJ1
To determine the effect of the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity on the temperature distribution in a solid, consider a material for which this dependence may be represented as k=k_{o}+a Tk=k o +aT where k_{o}k o is a positive constant and a is a coefficient that may be positive or negative. Sketch the steady-state temperature distribution associated with heat transfer in a plane wall for three cases corresponding to a>0, a=0, and a<0.
Answers
When a $>0$ :
\($\frac{d T}{d x}=$\)increases\($\mathrm{K}$\) decrease when \($\mathrm{x}$\) is increases.
When a <0 :
\($\frac{d T}{d x}=$\) decrease\($\mathrm{K}$\)increases when \($\mathrm{x}$\) is increases.
What is Fourier law?The process by which heat is transmitted from an object's hotter end to its colder end is known as conduction. The term "thermal conductivity" refers to an object's capacity to transfer heat, and it is represented by the letter k. Along a temperature gradient, heat flows naturally.According to Fourier's law, the area at right angles to the gradient through which heat flows is directly proportional to the negative gradient of temperature and the time rate of heat transfer.Given that
\($$k=k o+a T$$\)
From Fourier law
Heat transfer per unit volume given as
\($$q=-\frac{K d T}{d x}$$\)
\($\mathrm{x}$\) measured from left hand side of wall.
\(&q=-\frac{\left(K_o+a T\right) d T}{d x} \\\)
\(&q d x=-\left(K_o+a T\right) d T\)
By integrating
\(&\int q d x=\int-\left(K_o+a T\right) d T \\\)
\(&q x=-\left(K_o T+\frac{a T^2}{2}\right)+C\)
Where C is constant
We can that temperature of wall is varying as parabolically with distance x When a=0 :
\($$q x=-\left(K_o T\right)+C$$\)
This is become straight line.
\($$\frac{d T}{d x}=\text { Constnat }$$\)
When a $>0$ :
\($\frac{d T}{d x}=$\)increases
\($\mathrm{K}$\) decrease when \($\mathrm{x}$\) is increases.
When a <0 :
\($\frac{d T}{d x}=$\) decrease
\($\mathrm{K}$\)increases when \($\mathrm{x}$\) is increases.
To learn more about Fourier law refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/14668420
#SPJ4
A gear drive system using two spur gears connected by an idler gear is an example of a _______ gear drive.
Answers
A gear drive system using two spur gears connected by an idler gear is an example of an intermediate gear drive.
An intermediate gear drive is a type of gear drive system that uses an idler gear to connect two spur gears. In this setup, the two spur gears are not directly connected but are instead connected through the idler gear, which is placed between them. The idler gear rotates in the opposite direction to the and in the same direction as the output gear. This arrangement allows the gear drive system to change the direction of rotation, increase or decrease the speed of rotation, or both. Intermediate gear drives are commonly used in automotive transmissions, industrial machinery, and other applications that require precise control of speed and torque.
In conclusion, a gear drive system using two spur gears connected by an idler gear is classified as an intermediate gear drive. This type of gear drive system is useful in a wide range of applications where precise control of speed and torque is necessary.
To know more about idler gear visit:
brainly.com/question/12513059
#SPJ11
Which incident requires an immediate notification to the nearest NTSB field office?A.Landing gear damage, due to a hard landing.B.A forced landing due to engine failure.C.Flight control system malfunction or failure.
Answers
The right response is B. When an aircraft is delayed and it is thought to have been in an accident, the NTSB must be alerted right away and as quickly as possible.
When: An aviation accident occurs or any of the circumstances listed below takes place, the operator of the aircraft must contact the closest National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Field Office as soon as possible and using the fastest method possible. a breakdown or malfunction of the flight control system. Any incident involving the operation of an aircraft that occurs between the time a passenger boards with the purpose to fly and the time they have all exited and in which someone is killed, has serious injuries, or the aircraft is damaged is referred to as an aircraft accident.
Learn more about system here-
https://brainly.com/question/27162243
#SPJ4
A plant employ 1500 fultime workers in a process with far of 5.if they work eight hour shift 250 days per year how many industrial deaths are expected each year
Answers
Therefore, the expected number of industrial deaths each year would be approximately 0.15, assuming the incidence rate remains constant.
To calculate the expected number of industrial deaths each year, we need to determine the incidence rate of industrial deaths per worker-year and then multiply it by the number of worker-years.
Given:
Total number of full-time workers (N) = 1500
Frequency or rate of accidents (FAR) = 5 accidents per 100,000 worker-hours
Number of work hours per worker per year (H) = 8 hours per shift * 250 days = 2000 hours
First, let's calculate the total number of worker-years (WY) for all employees:
WY = N * H = 1500 * 2000 = 3,000,000 worker-hours
Next, we can calculate the incidence rate of industrial deaths per worker-year (IDR):
IDR = (FAR / 100,000) * WY
Substituting the given values:
IDR = (5 / 100,000) * 3,000,000 = 0.15
Learn more about constant here
https://brainly.com/question/32200270
#SPJ11
Convert 103.69 kN to TN.
Answers
103/69 kN = 10.406 tons
Calculate the ID, VG, VS, VD, VGS, VDS values mathematically.
Answers
Answer:
S
Explanation:
What is the typical maximum current that can be measured by a digital VOM?
Answers
Therefore, it's essential to select a digital VOM with a current measurement range appropriate for the intended application and to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully when making current measurements.
The maximum current that can be measured by a digital VOM (Volt-Ohm-Meter) depends on the particular model of the device, as well as the type of current being measured.
Generally speaking, most digital VOMs have a current measuring range of a few milliamps (mA) to several amps (A).
For low current measurements, such as those in the milliamp range, digital VOMs typically have a maximum current measurement range of around 10 mA to 20 mA.
This range is suitable for measuring small currents in low-power electronic devices such as sensors, transducers, and other small components.
For higher current measurements, such as those in the ampere range, digital VOMs typically have a maximum current measurement range of around 10 A to 20 A.
This range is suitable for measuring the current drawn by larger electronic components such as motors, heaters, and other high-power devices.
However, it's important to note that attempting to measure currents beyond the range of the digital VOM can result in damage to the device or personal injury.
For similar questions on digital VOM
https://brainly.com/question/5135212
#SPJ11
Technician A says that a component may be grounded through its mounting to a major metal part. Technician B says that some components must be grounded by connecting its positive terminal to a metal frame
Answers
Answer:
Technician B is correct
Explanation:
Grounding of component can be done by either connecting its positive terminal to a metal frame and then connecting its negative wire to the ground and not by mounting it on a major metal part hence Technician B is correct while Technician B is incorrect .
Electrical grounding is an alternate route created to allow excess current entering an equipment to go the ground without destroying the component