CO2 and N2 experience equimolar counter diffusion in a circular tube with 50-mm inner diameter 1 m in length) maintained at 1 atm and 298 K. The ends of the tube are connected to large, separate reservoirs of CO2 and N2, which maintain constant speciation concentrations at the respective interface with the tube. The partial pressure of CO2 at one end is 100 Torr while at the other is 50 Torr. Calculate the mass transfer rate of CO2 through the tube.
Answers
The mass transfer rate of CO₂ through the tube is 0.0584 g/s.
We can use Fick's Law of Diffusion to calculate the mass transfer rate of CO₂ through the tube:
J = -D * dC/dx
where J is the mass transfer rate, D is the diffusion coefficient, and dC/dx is the concentration gradient.
First, we need to calculate the diffusion coefficient of CO₂ in N₂ at 298 K. We can use the Wilke-Chang equation for this:
\(D12 = (1.013 * 10^-^5) * (T/M)^0^.^5 * (1/φ1 + 1/φ2) * (M1/M2)^0^.^5\)
where D12 is the diffusion coefficient of CO₂ in N₂, T is the temperature in K, M is the molar mass in g/mol, φ is the viscosity, and the subscripts 1 and 2 refer to CO₂ and N₂, respectively.
At 298 K, the molar masses and viscosities of CO₂ and N₂ are:
M_CO₂ = 44.01 g/mol
M_N₂ = 28.01 g/mol
φ_CO₂ = 0.0000178 Pa s
φ_N₂ = 0.0000172 Pa s
Substituting these values into the Wilke-Chang equation, we get:
D12 = 0.148 cm²/s
Next, we need to calculate the concentration gradient of CO₂. We can use the equation:
dC/dx = (C2 - C1) / L
where C1 and C2 are the partial pressures of CO₂ at the two ends of the tube, and L is the length of the tube.
Substituting the given values, we get:
dC/dx = (50 Torr - 100 Torr) / (1 m) = -50 Torr/m
Finally, we can calculate the mass transfer rate:
J = -D * dC/dx * A
where A is the cross-sectional area of the tube.
Substituting the values, we get:
J = -0.148 cm₂/s * (-50 Torr/m) * π*(0.5 cm)₂ = 0.0584 g/s
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Related Questions
describe the manufacture of ethanol from hexane?
Answers
Answer:
This page looks at the manufacture of alcohols by the direct hydration of alkenes, concentrating mainly on the hydration of ethene to make ethanol.
The steps in the ethanol production process include milling the corn to meal, liquefying the meal by adding water and cooking, breaking down starch into sugar, using yeast to ferment the sugar to ethanol, distilling the ethanol by boiling off and condensing it by removing residual water and finally denaturing so that...
If 25. 0ml of 0. 160M of NaOH are added to 50ml of 0. 100M of HCl, what is the pH of the resulting solution?
Answers
The pH of the resulting solution is 1.30 if the total volume of the solution is 25.0 ml.
The volume of solution = 25. 0ml
Molarity of NaOH = 0. 160M
Molarity of HCl = 0. 100M
The balanced equation for the reaction between NaOH and HCl is:
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + \(H_{2} O\)
The number of moles of NaOH = 0.160 M x 0.0250 L = 0.00400 mol
The number of moles of HCl = 0.100 M x 0.0500 L = 0.00500 mol
To calculate the Hydrogen concentration ions are:
[H+] = moles of H+ ions / volume of solution
[H+] = 0.00500 mol / (0.0250 L + 0.0500 L)
[H+]= 0.0500 M
To find the pH of the solution, the formula used is:
pH = \(-log_{H+}\)
pH = \(-log_{0.0500}\)
pH = 1.30
Therefore, we can conclude that the pH of the resulting solution is 1.30.
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What is the atomic mass of potassium?
Answers
Answer:
39.0983 u.
Explanation:
Atomic number: 19
Symbol: K
Melting point: 63.5 °C
Suppose a small amount of heat Q flows from a system A at high temperature (350K) to a system B at low temperature (250K). If Q = 0. 5 J, mA = 1. 2 kg, and mB = 0. 6 kg, what will the total entropy change of the system be as a result?
Answers
A small amount of heat Q flows from a system A at high temperature (350K) to a system B at low temperature (250K). If Q = 0. 5 J, mA = 1. 2 kg, and mB = 0. 6 kg, the total entropy change of the system be 0.00057J/K.
Firstly we will be taking Q as a positive number,
Then, the entropy lost by A is Q/TA
= (-0.5 J)/(350 K)
= -1/700 J/K
= -0.00143 J/K.
Now, the entropy gain by B is Q/TB
= (0.5 J)/(250 K)
= 1/500 J/K
= +0.00200 J/K.
Therefore, the total entropy change of the system will be the the sum of entropy lost by A and entropy gain by B.
Hence the total entropy would be =0.00057 J/K.
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A person walks 2 miles in 30 minutes. Figure out how many feet per second they traveled.
Answers
Answer:
5.8667 ft/s
Explanation:
Question 2 of 10. What is Diffusion?
Answers
Answer:
diffusion: the movement of molecules in a solution from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Diffusion is the movement of particles from where there are more to where there are less. This movement occurs until particles are evenly spread out. While diffusion can be seen in all states of matter, it is most common in liquids and gases.
The octane in gasoline burns according to the following equation:2C8H18 + 25O2 16CO2 + 18H2O(a) How many moles of CO2 can form from 0.603 mol of octane?(b) How many moles of water are produced by the combustion of 8.72 mol of octane?(c) If this reaction is used to synthesize 8.90 mol of CO2, how many moles of oxygen are needed?(d) How many moles of octane?
Answers
The balanced equation of the octane gasoline is as follows :
2C8H18 + 25O2 ----------------> 16CO2 + 18H2O(a) Calculate moles of CO2 that can form from 0.603 mol of octane:
• From the balanced equation, we can see that :
2 moles of octane : 16 moles of CO2
then, 0.603mol octane : x moles of CO2....( do a cross multiply )
∴ xmoles CO2 = (0.603 mol octane * 16mole CO2) / 2mole Octane
= 4.824 moles
This means that 4.824 moles of CO2 is formed from 0.603 mol octane(b) Calculate moles of water are produced by the combustion of 8.72 mol of octane.
• 2 moles of octane gives 18 moles H2O
then, 8.72 moles Octane will give x moles of H2O
∴Moles of water = (18 * 8.72 )/2
= 78.48 moles
This means that 78.48 moles of H2O is formed from 8.72 mol octane
(c) Calculate moles of oxygen needed to synthesize 8.90 mol of CO2
• 16 moles CO2 require 25 moles O2
then, 8.90 mol CO2 requires x moles of O2
∴Moles of O2 = (8.90 *25 )/16
=13.91 moles
This means that 13.91 moles of O2 is needed to synthesize 8.90 mol CO2.
(d) Calculate moles of octane?
• 16 moles of CO2 require 2 moles octane
then , 8.90 CO2 require x moles of Octane
∴ Moles of octane = 8.90 * 2/16
=1.11 moles of Octanewhat will you use to prepare the calibration curve in this project? group of answer choices a solvent blank. a series of solutions with the exact same analyte concentration. a series of solutions with various unknown analyte concentrations. a series of solutions with a range of precisely known analyte concentrations.
Answers
A series of solutions with a range of precisely known analyte concentrations. Option D
What is a calibration curve?A calibration curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between the concentration or amount of a substance, and a signal or measurement obtained from an analytical instrument or assay. The calibration curve is constructed by measuring the signal or response of the instrument or assay at different known concentrations or amounts of the substance, and plotting these values on a graph.
The resulting curve is then used to determine the concentration or amount of the substance in an unknown sample by measuring its signal or response and comparing it to the calibration curve.
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Please can anyone help me? How are the first 20 elements of the periodic table constructed?
Answers
Answer:
Based on the periodic law
Explanation:
All the elements on the periodic table were constructed based on the periodic law.
Henry Moseley in the 1900s re-stated the periodic law by changing the basis of the law from atomic weight to atomic number. The present periodic law is therefore "the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic number".
The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom. Based on the graduation of atomic number on the periodic table, elements are classified into groups and periods.25 points and whoever answers first gets brainliest.
1. Describe how water molecules interact with one another
2. Explain how gases respond to increases and decreases in temperature
3. List the three variables in the density equation, and explain what each variable represents.
Answers
Answer:
1. hydrogen bonds form between neighboring hydrogen and oxygen antonyms of adjacent water molecules 2. the increasing in temperature results in expansion of the gas and for the decrease they cool the molecules down they will slow and the pressure 3. I don't really get what you're saying this one but if I'm reading it correctly d is density m is math and v is volume so the three variables in the density equation or something is density mass and volume
Explanation:
1.) Cohesion: Hydrogen Bonds Make Water Sticky
Oxygen’s lone pair and electronegativity create a pseudobond (hydrogen bond) with hydrogen.
In the case of water, hydrogen bonds form between neighboring hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules. The attraction between individual water molecules creates a bond known as a hydrogen bond.
2.)This law states that the volume and temperature of gas have a direct relationship: As temperature increases, volume increases when pressure is held constant. Heating a gas increases the kinetic energy of the particles, causing the gas to expand.
3.) Scientific research identifies variables that are dependent, independent, and controlled (constants).
The dependent variable is usually the
resulteffectoutcomeMy field is psychology, so the dependent variable is always some measure of
behaviorresponseperformance measurechoiceattitudescores on a testMost studies are merely correlational in that they attempt to identify some other variable(s) that might be used to predict the dependent variable. These predictors could be background factors (e.g., age, sex, ethnicity, social class), current situations, or even previous behaviors, performance, choices or attitudes.
What makes an experiment different is that it identifies an independent variable which will be tested out as a potential cause of the dependent variable. The experiment must then design some way to manipulate (intentionally vary) that independent variable. The best way to do this is by a randomized control trial: assign the participants of the sample into two groups, and treat those groups differently. The treatment is the independent variable.
Here is an example of psychiatric research. The dependent variable is depression, measured by scores on a standardized depression scale. The patients will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group gets a new psychiatric medication while the other gets a placebo (a fake pill that the patient might mistake for the real medication). The placebo is necessary to control the expectation factor. So, if there is a difference between the two groups in terms of resulting depression scores, we can attribute that difference to the impact of the independent variable (the medication) and not to the patient’s expectation that the medication will work.
How much more average Kinetic Energy do molecules have at 50°C compared to 25°C?
Answers
The kinetic energy is 0.5177 × 10⁻²¹ J more at 50°C compared to 25°C.
The average kinetic energy of a molecule is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of a gas.
KE = ( 3/2 ) ( R / Nₐ ) T
Where T is the temperature of the molecule, R is the gas constant, and Nₐ is Avogadro's number.
Now, R = 8.314 J/mol.K
Avogadro's number, Nₐ = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms/ mol
The average kinetic energy at 50° C is:
T = 50° C = 323 K
KE₁ = ( 3/2 ) × ( R / Nₐ ) × T₁
KE₁ = ( 3 × 8.314 × 323 ) / ( 2 × 6.022 × 10²³ )
KE₁ = 668.90 × 10⁻²³ J
KE₁ = 6.6890 × 10⁻²¹ J
The average kinetic energy at 25°C is:
KE₂ = ( 3/2 ) × ( R / Nₐ ) × T₂
KE₂ = ( 3 × 8.314 × 298 ) / ( 2 × 6.022 × 10²³ )
KE₂ = 617.13 × 10⁻²³ J
KE₂ = 6.1713 × 10⁻²¹ J
Now,
The average kinetic energy of the molecules at 50° C compared to 25° C is:
KE = KE₁ - KE₂
KE = 6.6890 × 10⁻²¹ - 6.1713 × 10⁻²¹
KE = 0.5177 × 10⁻²¹ J
Hence, the average kinetic energy is 0.5177 × 10⁻²¹ J more at 50° C compared to 25° C.
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calculate the ph for each of the cases in the titration of 25.0 ml of 0.180 m pyridine, c5h5n(aq) with 0.180 m of the strong acid hbr(aq) . the Kb of pyridine is 1.7×10−9.
Answers
The pH values for each case in the titration of 25.0 mL of 0.180 M pyridine (C5H5N(aq)) with 0.180 M of the strong acid HBr(aq) can be calculated using the equilibrium expression and the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
Pyridine (C5H5N) is a weak base that reacts with the strong acid HBr in a titration. The equilibrium involved in this reaction is the reaction of pyridine with H+ to form the pyridinium ion (C5H5NH+) and the conjugate base of the acid (Br-).
The equilibrium expression for this reaction is: C5H5N + H+ ⇌ C5H5NH+
To calculate the pH at different points of the titration, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]), where [A-] is the concentration of the conjugate base (C5H5NH+) and [HA] is the concentration of the weak acid (C5H5N).
Initially, before any HBr is added, the solution consists only of pyridine. Therefore, the pH can be calculated using the initial concentration of pyridine.
As the titration proceeds, the moles of HBr added react with the moles of pyridine present. By calculating the moles of HBr added and using the stoichiometry of the reaction, we can determine the concentrations of C5H5NH+ and C5H5N at each point.
Using these concentrations in the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, we can calculate the pH for each case in the titration.
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If 1 have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 2.3atm, a volume of 50 liters, and a temperature of 375 K, how many moles of gas do I have?
Answers
The number of moles of the unknown quantity of gas is 3.74 mol.
What is the number of moles of the unknown quantity of gas?The Ideal gas law states that "the pressure multiplied by volume is equal to moles multiply by the universal gas constant multiply by temperature.
It is expressed as;
PV = nRT
Where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the amount of substance, T is temperature and R is the ideal gas constant ( 0.08206 Latm/molK )
Given that:
Temperature T = 375KPressure P = 2.3 atmVolume of the gas V = 50LAmount of gas n = ?Plug the values into the above formula and solve for n.
PV = nRT
n = PV / RT
n = ( 2.3 × 50L ) / ( 0.08206 Latm/molK × 375K )
n = 115 Latm / 30.7725 Latm/mol
n = 3.74 moles.
Therefore, the amount of gas is approximately 3.74 mol.
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What is the process that keeps heat from being transferred between two substances is
Answers
Answer:
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation .......
Use the information from the article to answer the question. why is pluto now called a dwarf planet?
Answers
Answer:
coz it doesn't meet the three criteria the iau uses to define a full sized planet
Explanation:
it meet all other except one :has no cleared its neighboring region of other object
You build a circuit to power a hot plate. The hot plate can quickly heat up and boil a pot full of water. You add a second hot plate to the same circuit. Both plates heat up, but neither plate gets hot enough to boil water. Explain why the modified circuit can no longer boil water?
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
the power must be shared like light if the power is shared lights will get dim hope this helps mark brainelst to please :)
A 100. 0 mL sample of natural water was titrated with NaOH. The titration required 13. 57 mL of 0. 1123 M NaOH solution to reach a light pink phenolphthalein end point. Calculate the number of millimoles of NaOH required for the titration
Answers
A 100.0 mL sample of natural water was titrated with 13.57 mL of 0.1123 M Na OH solution to reach a light pink are the phenolphthalein end point. The number of millimoles of Na OH required for the titration is 1.525011 millimoles. Titration is a technique used in chemistry
to identify the quantity of a substance by adding a reactant until the chemical reaction is completed. In titration, a solution of known concentration (the titrant) reacts with a solution of unknown concentration (the analyte) to determine its concentration. Titration of natural water with Na OH In this case, we are titrating natural water with Na OH to find the concentration of the unknown solution. The balanced chemical reaction for the titration of natural water with Na OH is:H2O + Na OH → Na+ + OH- + H2O
The volume of NaOH required to reach the end-point of the titration is 13.57 mL. The molarity of Na OH used for the titration is 0.1123 M. We can use the following formula to calculate the number of millimoles of Na OH required for the titration Millimoles of Na OH = (Volume of Na OH × Molarity of NaOH) / 1000Substitute the given values in the above equation and solve for the millimoles of Na OH required for the titration. Millimoles of Na OH = (13.57 mL × 0.1123 M) / 1000= 0.001525011 millimoles Therefore, the number of millimoles of NaOH required for the titration is 1.525011 millimoles.
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How does the formation of covalent bonds differ from the formation of ionic bonds between two atoms?
A. covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another
B. covalent bonds are formed between atoms to form molecules; ionic bonds are formed between atoms to form compounds
C. covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between atoms
D. covalent bonds involved the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of single electrons between atoms
Answers
The bonding is nature's way of lowering the energy of the system to attain stability. The covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. The correct option is A.
What is an ionic bond?The attractive force that holds the constituent atoms or ions of a molecular species together is called the bond. An ionic bond is formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another. This transfer results in the formation of positive and negative ions.
In the formation of a covalent bond, there occurs a sharing of an electron pair between two atoms.
Thus the correct option is A.
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What is the mass of 3.01 X 1023 atoms of iron? (atomic mass of Fe=56)
Answers
Explanation:
(3.01 * 10^23)/1 x 1 mol Fe/(6.022 * 10^23) x 56g Fe/ 1 mol Fe = 27.9907 g Fe
How would the force between a negative and poitive charged metal heet change if the experiment wa done with twice a much charge on each plate
Answers
Charges that are similar repel each other while charges that are dissimilar attract.
What is electric charge?The basic property of matter carried by some elementary particles that governs how the particles are affected by an electric or magnetic field is known as electric charge. Electric charge occurs in discrete natural units and is neither created nor destroyed.When an object is rubbed, it receives a charge. Because of the rubbing, the objects gain or lose electrons. It becomes positively charged when it loses electrons. The object becomes negatively charged when it attains an electrons.When electrons are transferred to or removed from an object, an electrical charge is produced. Because electrons have a negative charge, adding them to an object causes it to become negatively charged as well. An object becomes positively charged when electrons are removed from it.To learn more about electric charge refer to :
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An atom X has atomic number 15,it accepts 3 electrons in other to become stable,determine the,*Number of protons of the atom. *Determine the number of electrons after accepting the electrons. *The charge on the atom before accepting electrons. *The charge on the atom after accepting electrons
Answers
Answer:
15 protons
8 electrons in valence shell after accepting 3 electrons
Neutral/no charge before accepting 3 electrons
-3 charge after accepting 3 electrons
What tools and technology
predict weather changes?
Answers
Answer:
Observational data collected by doppler radar, radiosondes, weather satellites, buoys and other instruments are fed into computerized NWS numerical forecast models. The models use equations, along with new and past weather data, to provide forecast guidance to our meteorologists
describe ph scale in detail
Answers
Answer:
pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is. The range goes from 0 - 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base.
he half-life of a radioactive substance is 21 years. If we begin with a sam substance, calculate the value of b to complete the model belo which gi sample remaining after t years. f(t)=85⋅(b) t
Enter your answer for b in the box below, rounded to three decimals.
Answers
The value of b in the equation \(\( f(t) = 85 \cdot b^t \)\) represents the decay factor of the radioactive substance. To determine the value of \( b \), we can use the information that the half-life of the substance is 21 years.
The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for half of the substance to decay. In this case, the half-life is 21 years, which means that after 21 years, the amount of the substance remaining will be half of the initial amount.
We can use this information to set up an equation:
\(\(\frac{1}{2} = b^{21}\)\)
To solve for b, we need to take the 21st root of both sides of the equation:
\(\(b = \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{1}{21}}\)\)
Using a calculator, we can evaluate this expression:
\(\(b \approx 0.965\)\)
Therefore, the value of b in the equation \(\( f(t) = 85 \cdot b^t \)\) is approximately 0.965.
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Do you think Hugh would have been able to perform this experiment in his laboratory at home 20 years ago? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:scientists finished deciding the human genome in 2001. This research helped genetics analyze and islote sections of DNA for investigation. Without this information and the technology invented during the Human Genome Project, Hugh would not have been able to extract portions of his daughters DNA. Also, he wouldn’t have been able to see the genes that did not function properly in his daughters DNA.
Explanation: this is a right answer for PLATO.
an n-alkane of molecular formula c28h58 has been isolated from a certain fossil plant. write a condensed structural formula for this alkane.
Answers
The task is to write a condensed structural formula for an n-alkane with the given molecular formula.An n-alkane is an unbranched alkane.CH3(CH2)26CH3.
Which four forms of hydrocarbons are there?Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, & aromatic hydrocarbons are the four subcategories that are typically used to classify hydrocarbons. These compounds might have relatively basic structures or relatively complicated ones.
The first four hydrocarbons are what?Typically, hydrogen atoms form a protective shell around carbon atoms to form molecules.Hydrocarbons are categorized into four primary groups: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Apply: Many gyms and health clubs have steam saunas, which are small steam-filled rooms. Traditionally, steam saunas have a container of heated rocks. A small ladle of water is poured on the rocks in order to make the steam.
1. Use what you have learned so far about heat transfer to explain how hot rocks can be used to make steam?
2. Why do you think only a small ladle-full of water is poured on the rocks at one time?
Answers
Answer:
the heat vaporization of water is very high with small amounts of water you can vaporize the water as it hits the rocks into steam. (i think)
Explanation:
Identify the group number and generic outer electron configuration for a neutral main‑group element with the following two Lewis dot symbols.
X with 1 dot on the top, bottom and right
X with 1 dot on all sides
Answers
Answer: Answer to #1 is 3A and ns2np1
Answer to #2 is 4A and ns2np2
Explanation:Group number is the number of valance electrons and generic outer electron configuration has to add up to equal the number of valance electrons
The element in the first diagram is in group 13 while the element in the second diagram is in group 14.
The Lewis structure of an atom of an element is a representation of the number of valence electrons on the outermost shell of the atom of that element. Every group of elements have a generic electron configuration which represents the number of valence electrons contained by atoms of elements in that group.
In the first diagram, the element X belongs to group 3A(13) and has a generic outer electron configuration, ns2np1. In the second diagram, the element X is in group 4A(14) and has outer electron configuration ns2np2.
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CARDS
In a science experiment, Marisa concludes that no chemical reaction has occurred. What evidence would support
this conclusion?
A. the mass and total number of atoms were conserved
B. no energy were released
C. a new element was created
D. no new substance was formed
Answers
Answer:d
Explanation:
how many moles of c are formed upon complete reaction of 2 mol of b according to the generic chemical reaction: a 2b->c
Answers
Answer:
1 mol
Explanation:
It's about balacing the equation. 2 parts "b" can form 1 part "a". So take 2 mol and divide by 2.