Changes in a state of matter include?

The expected electronic configuration of the element with atomic number Z = 116 is [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4. This is based on the Aufbau Principle, which states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals available, starting with the lowest energy orbital.  

The element with atomic number Z = 116 is Ununhexium (Uuh). Its electronic configuration follows the general pattern of the periodic table, with the outermost shell being the 7th shell. This is because the element is placed in the 6th period of the periodic table. The electronic configuration is the same as that of Radon (Rn), with the addition of two electrons to the 7s orbital.  

The expected electronic configuration of Uuh is [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4, which is the same as that of Radon with the addition of two electrons to the 7s orbital. The 7s orbital has the highest energy level among the s orbitals and the 7p orbitals. Thus, the two electrons will be added to the 7s orbital to maximize stability.

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The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in an atom of that element. Since the isotope given is Mn-59, the atomic number of manganese (Mn) remains the same, which is 25.

If an atom of Mn-59 has a charge of +5, it means that it has lost 5 electrons. The number of protons in an atom is equal to its atomic number, and the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom. Therefore, if the atom has lost 5 electrons, the number of protons remains the same, which is 25.

So, an atom of Mn-59 with a charge of +5 has 25 protons.

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Answer:

It shows the most reactive to least reactive, so that we can predict whether certain reactions will occur. Any metal can replace any metal below it, but not above it.

Explanation:

1. The activity series is a type of ordering system for elements, which ranks how reactive a certain element is in relation to other elements.

2. The activity series determines the level of reactivity based on how well a certain element can displace hydrogen gas from acidic solutions and water.

3. The activity series of metals is an empirical tool used to predict products in displacement reactions and reactivity of metals with water and acids in replacement reactions and ore extraction.

4. It can be used to predict the products in similar reactions involving a different metal.

5. It helps in predicting whether a reaction will occur, and if so what the product will be.

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Denise ought to keep detailed record of the experiment to allow someone to do the same investigation and check the accuracy of results. Option D

The term experiment has to do with cause and effect relationships. We know that the cause is what leads to the effect if the process can be tested in a laboratory. The experiment that as performed by Denise was targeted at finding what time of the day is warmest.

From the results of the experiment, we can conclude that Denise ought to keep detailed record of the experiment to allow someone to do the same investigation and check the accuracy of results.

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Answer:

through water

Explanation:

Answer:

Due to presence of a triple bond between the two N−atoms, the bond dissociation enthalpy (941.4 kJ mol  

−1

) is very high. Hence, N  

2

​

 is the least reactive.

Answer:

It can’t displace any more than its volume, assuming there is no external force pushing downwards.

yo que se wey nose una particula

Answer:

A

Explanation:

A. One element decaying into another, which decays into another

Give names to equations 1, 2, and 3.Equation 3.2 N2O (g) N2 (g) + 0.5 O2 (g) H = -81.6 kJEquation 2: NO (g) + 1/2 O2 (g) + (1/2) NO2 (g) = +56.55 kJ

Equation 1 states that N2 (g), O2 (g), 2NO (g), and H = +180.7 kJ.

See Equation of state for cosmological applications of this (cosmology). See Optimum control General technique for further information on how this idea is used in optimal control theory.An equation of state is a thermodynamic formula used in physics, chemistry, andthermodynamics to describe the state of matter under a particular set of physical parameters, such as pressure, volume, temperature, or internal energy.[1] The Helmholtz free energy is used to formulate the majority of current equations of state. The characteristics of pure substances and mixtures in their liquid, gaseous, and solid forms as well as the state of matter

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Therefore, we need 180.00 g of NaOH to make 750.0 ml of 6.0M solution.

To calculate the mass of NaOH needed to make a 6.0M solution in 750.0 ml of water, we need to use the formula:
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
We know the volume of solution is 750.0 ml, which is 0.75 L. We also know the molarity is 6.0M. Rearranging the formula, we get:
moles of solute = Molarity x volume of solution in liters
moles of solute = 6.0M x 0.75 L
moles of solute = 4.5 mol
Now, we need to calculate the mass of NaOH, using its molar mass. The molar mass of NaOH is 40.00 g/mol.
mass of NaOH = moles of solute x molar mass
mass of NaOH = 4.5 mol x 40.00 g/mol
mass of NaOH = 180.00 g
Now, to determine if the solution is acidic, basic or neutral, we need to find its pH value. A 6.0M solution of NaOH is a strong base and completely dissociates in water. This means that the solution has a pH value greater than 7, indicating that it is a basic solution.

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It is necessary to divide a crime laboratory to different units and areas because of avoiding cross-contamination, workflow management and quality control.

Dividing a crime laboratory into different units and areas is necessary for several reasons:

1. Specialization: Different areas of forensic science require specialized knowledge and expertise. Dividing the laboratory allows for dedicated units that focus on specific forensic disciplines, such as DNA analysis, fingerprint examination, ballistics, toxicology, and document analysis. Specialization ensures that experts can develop and maintain a high level of proficiency in their respective fields, leading to accurate and reliable results.

2. Avoiding cross-contamination: Crime scenes can contain multiple types of evidence, ranging from biological samples to trace evidence. Dividing the laboratory into separate units helps prevent cross-contamination between different types of evidence. For example, DNA analysis requires strict protocols to prevent contamination, and having a dedicated DNA unit minimizes the risk of cross-contaminating DNA samples with other types of evidence.

3. Workflow management: Dividing the laboratory into units based on different forensic disciplines allows for efficient workflow management. Each unit can handle specific types of cases and allocate resources accordingly. This division ensures that cases are processed in a timely manner, prevents bottlenecks, and allows for effective coordination between units.

4. Quality control: Having separate units within a crime laboratory facilitates internal quality control measures. Each unit can establish its own quality control procedures and protocols specific to their area of expertise. This helps maintain high standards of accuracy and reliability in the analysis of evidence.

A specific situation that could lead to the assumption of dividing a crime laboratory is the increasing complexity and volume of cases. As forensic science continues to advance and new techniques emerge, the workload and demand for specialized analysis also increase. For example, the rise of digital forensics and the need to analyze electronic devices for evidence in cybercrime cases have created a need for dedicated digital forensic units within crime laboratories. Dividing the laboratory in such a scenario allows for specialized training, equipment, and expertise to handle these complex cases effectively.

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Answer:

\( \sf{\blue{\fbox{B.{\green{ \: Law \: of \: Conservation \: of \: Mass}}}}}\)

The bond strength between a metal cation and an anion is determined by several factors, including the charge of the ions, their sizes, and their electronic configurations. In this case, we are comparing the bond strengths of lithium and potassium with the same anions.

Lithium has a smaller atomic radius and a lower ionization energy than potassium. These properties suggest that lithium cations will have a stronger attraction to anions than potassium cations. This is because the smaller size of lithium allows for a stronger electrostatic interaction with the anion, and the lower ionization energy of lithium means that it is easier to remove an electron from lithium, resulting in a more positively charged cation that is more strongly attracted to the anion.

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A mass of 12.5 grams of \(Na_2S_2O_3\) is needed to dissolve 4.7 g of AgBr in a solution volume of 1 L.

The balanced equation for the dissolution of AgBr is:

AgBr (s) ↔ \(Ag^+\) (aq) + \(Br^-\) (aq)

The solubility product expression for AgBr is:

Ksp =\([Ag^+][Br^-]\)= 3.3 x \(10^{-13}\)

The reaction between \(Ag^+\) and \(S_2O_3^{2-}\) is:

\(Ag^+\) (aq) + 2 \(S_2O_3^{2-}\) (aq) ↔ \([Ag(S_2O_3)_2]^{3-}\) (aq)

The reaction quotient for \([Ag(S_2O_3)_2]^{3-}\) is:

Kq = [\(Ag^+\)]\([S_2O_3^{2-}]^2\) / \([Ag(S_2O_3)_2]^{3-}\) = 4.7 x \(10^{13}\)

We can use the solubility product expression to find the concentration of \(Ag^+\) in the solution:

[\(Ag^+\)] = Ksp / \([Br^-]\) = 3.3 x \(10^{-13}\) / (4.7 g / 187.77 g/mol / 1 L) = 1.64 x \(10^{-10}\)M

We can then use the reaction quotient to find the concentration of \(S_2O_3^{2-}\) in the solution:

\([S_2O_3^{2-}]\) = √(Kq \([Ag(S_2O_3)_2]^{3-}\) / \([Ag^+]\)) = √(4.7 x \(10^{13}\) / 1.64 x \(10^{-10}\)) / 2 = 7.9 x \(10^{-2}\) M

Finally, we can use the concentration of \(S_2O_3^{2-}\) to find the mass of \(Na_2S_2O_3\) needed to dissolve the AgBr:

mass = concentration x volume x molar mass = 7.9 x \(10^{-2}\) M x 1 L x 158.11 g/mol = 12.5 g

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The extra step taken when cleaning up an acid or base spill is :

Acid and Base spills are treated with an extra caution during cleanup to prevent injury to skin and this is because strong acids are;

After neutralization, clean up the spill with a towel ( usually paper towel ) and avoid using a strong base to neutralize a strong acid as well.

Hence we can conclude that Neutralizing the Acid/base spill with with a weaker base such as sodium Bicarbonate or weak acid respectively  is the extra step.

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the formulae of the hydrogen carbonates of metals X, Y, and Z are X(HCO3), Y(HCO3)2, and Z(HCO3)3, respectively.  The valencies of metals X, Y, and Z are 1, 2, and 3 respectively.

The formula for hydrogen carbonate is HCO3-, which consists of one hydrogen ion, one carbonate ion, and two oxygen atoms.To determine the formula for the hydrogen carbonates of metals X, Y, and Z, we need to consider the charges of the metal cations and the carbonate anion. For X with a valency of 1, the formula for its hydrogen carbonate is X(HCO3), where X is the metal cation with a charge of +1. For Y with a valency of 2, the formula for its hydrogen carbonate is Y(HCO3)2, where Y is the metal cation with a charge of +2. For Z with a valency of 3, the formula for its hydrogen carbonate is Z(HCO3)3, where Z is the metal cation with a charge of +3.

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Answer:

7ml/g

Explanation:

density=mass/volume

density=14g/2ml

density= 7g/ml

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Not a because the term exo means outward, so exothermic means releasing energy so D.

Not B or C because they have nothing to do with exothermic (exo- outward thermic- energy)

To achieve the highest yield in the conversion of (1S,3S)-3-methylcyclohexan-1-ol into (1R,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclohexane, the reagent of choice would be thionyl chloride (SOCl2).

The conversion of (1S,3S)-3-methylcyclohexan-1-ol into (1R,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclohexane involves the substitution of a hydroxyl group (OH) with a chlorine atom (Cl) while maintaining the stereochemistry at the 3-position.

Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is a commonly used reagent for the conversion of alcohols to alkyl chlorides. It reacts with alcohols via an SN2 mechanism, where the hydroxyl group is replaced by a chlorine atom.

The reason why thionyl chloride is preferred in this conversion is that it generally provides high yields and is selective for the desired substitution. Thionyl chloride reacts readily with alcohols and the resulting alkyl chlorides are generally of high purity. This reagent is known for its efficiency and effectiveness in alcohol chlorination reactions.

Other reagents commonly used for alcohol chlorination, such as phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), can also be used but may have different selectivity or require additional steps to achieve the desired stereochemistry.

Therefore, for the highest yield and selective conversion of (1S,3S)-3-methylcyclohexan-1-ol into (1R,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclohexane, thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is the recommended reagent.

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Boiling stones prevent the solution from boiling too violently during reflux.

During reflux, a solution is continuously heated and cooled to promote the reaction. Boiling stones, also known as boiling chips or anti-bumping granules, are added to the solution to prevent the liquid from boiling too violently. This is because when a liquid reaches its boiling point, it can form bubbles of gas that rapidly rise to the surface and burst, causing the liquid to splatter and potentially spilling out of the reaction vessel.

Boiling stones provide nucleation sites for the bubbles to form, allowing for a gentler and more controlled boiling. They also increase the surface area of the liquid, which can improve heat transfer and promote a more efficient reflux. Common boiling stones include pieces of porcelain, glass, or silicon carbide, which are non-reactive and inert to most chemicals.

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Answer:

a.The waves are absorbed or reflected to capture images

Explanation:

How Things Work: TSA scanners use electromagnetic waves for detection. ... These waves are bounced off the body of the person being scanned to create a three-dimensional image on the computer. The backscatter units instead bounce low-level electromagnetic X-rays off the body to create an image on the computer

Answer:

A. The waves are absorbed or reflected to capture images or

information

Explanation:

The element with the given valence-shell configuration is Carbon (C), and it is in the ground state.

The valence-shell configuration given represents the electronic configuration of a Carbon atom in the ground state. The notation ↑↓ represents the two electrons in the 1s orbital, while the notation ↑ and ↓ in the second shell (2s, 2px, 2py, and 2pz) represents the two electrons in the 2s orbital and the two electrons in each of the three 2p orbitals, respectively. Carbon has six electrons in its outermost shell, making it a member of the group 14 elements in the periodic table. The configuration is ground state since it represents the lowest energy state for the Carbon atom.

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the molar concentration of the resulting NaCl solution is 0.804 mol/L.

The molar concentration of the NaCl solution can be calculated using the equation:

C = n/V,

where C is the molar concentration, n is the amount of substance (in moles), and V is the volume of the solution (in liters).

Given that the sample has a mass of 23.5 g and the molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol, we can calculate the amount of substance (n) in the sample:

n = 23.5 g / 58.44 g/mol = 0.402 mol

The volume of the solution (V) is equal to the volume of the Erlenmeyer flask, which is 0.500 L:

V = 0.500 L

Therefore, the molar concentration of the NaCl solution can be calculated as follows:

C = 0.402 mol / 0.500 L = 0.804 mol/L

Therefore, the molar concentration of the resulting NaCl solution is 0.804 mol/L.

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Answer:

CH4

Explanation:

this would have the lowest boiling point as it has the least amount of intermolecular forces and is the smallest molecule and would be easier to break apart rather than the higher boiling points (C4H10 etc)

hope this helps

Answer:

Potassium (K)

Explanation:

Out of the four options, Potassium is the only one to fill a total of 4 energy levels.

Both Cesium (Cs) and Rubidium (Rb) fill more than three energy levels, with Cesium filling 6 and Rubidium filling 5.

Sodium (Na) only fills 3 energy levels.

Thus, that leaves Potassium (K), which has 4 energy levels.

Hope this helped ^-^

10g-4.58=4.42g volume of hydrogen gas

Here is a MATLAB code that calculates and plots the concentration profiles of NH ₃, NH₄+, NO₂-, and NO₃- as a function of time at T=298 K and neutral pH, given the rate constants and initial concentrations:

```matlab

% Rate constants (k) and initial concentrations ([C])

k1 = 0.1;   % Rate constant for NH₃ + H₂O₂ -> NH₂ + H₂O

k2 = 0.05;  % Rate constant for NH₂ + NO₃- -> NO₂- + H₂O

k3 = 0.08;  % Rate constant for NO₂- -> NO₃- + N₂

C_NH₃ = 1.0;    % Initial concentration of NH₃

C_H2₂O₂ = 0.5;   % Initial concentration of H₂O₂

C_NH₄ = 0.0;    % Initial concentration of NH₄+

C_NO₂ = 0.0;    % Initial concentration of NO₂-

C_NO₃ = 0.0;    % Initial concentration of NO₃-

% Time vector

t = 0:0.1:10;   % Time range from 0 to 10 with a step size of 0.1

% Calculation of concentrations at each time point

for i = 1:length(t)

   NH₃(i) = C_NH₃ * exp(-k1*t(i));

   NH₄(i) = C_NH₃ - NH₃(i);

   NO₂(i) = C_NO₂ + k₂ * (NH₄(i) - C_NH₄) * t(i);

   NO₃(i) = C_NO₃ + k₃ * NO₂(i) * t(i);

end

% Plotting concentration profiles

plot(t, NH₃, 'r-', t, NH₄, 'g-', t, NO₂, 'b-', t, NO₃, 'm-');

xlabel('Time');

ylabel('Concentration');

legend('NH₃', 'NH₄+', 'NO₂-', 'NO₃-');

```

The provided MATLAB code calculates and plots the concentration profiles of NH₃, NH₄+, NO₂-, and NO₃- as a function of time based on the given rate constants and initial concentrations. The code uses a time vector to define the time range for which the concentrations will be calculated.

Inside the for loop, the concentrations of NH₃, NH₄+, NO₂-, and NO₃- are calculated at each time point using the given rate constants and the previous concentrations. The concentration of NH₃ decreases exponentially over time due to the reaction NH₃ + H₂O₂ -> NH₂ + H₂O, where k1 is the rate constant. NH₄+ concentration is the difference between the initial NH₃ concentration and the current NH₃ concentration.

The concentration of NO₂- increases with time due to the reaction NH₂ + NO₃- -> NO₂- + H₂O, where k₂ is the rate constant. The change in NH₄+ concentration from its initial value is multiplied by k₂ and the time to calculate the increase in NO₂- concentration.

Finally, the concentration of NO₃- increases with time due to the reaction NO₂- -> NO₃- + N₂, where k₃ is the rate constant. The previous NO₂- concentration is multiplied by k₃ and the time to determine the increase in NO₃- concentration.

The resulting concentration profiles are then plotted using the plot function, with time on the x-axis and concentration on the y-axis. Each compound is represented by a different color line in the plot.

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The statement " nutrition is the acquisition of chemical substances by organisms for use as an energy source or as building blocks of cellular structures" is true.

Nutrition is indeed the acquisition of chemical substances by organisms for use as an energy source or as building blocks of cellular structures. Organisms require various nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water, to carry out their metabolic processes, maintain growth and development, and support overall health and well-being.

These chemical substances obtained through nutrition are utilized by organisms to provide energy for cellular processes, such as respiration, synthesis of biomolecules, and movement. They also serve as building blocks for the construction and repair of cellular structures, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates.

Nutrition is a fundamental process that ensures the availability of essential nutrients for organisms to carry out their life functions effectively. Different organisms have varied nutritional requirements depending on their specific metabolic needs, lifestyles, and physiological characteristics.

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Answer:

Not significant

Explanation:

I just did the test